Education, information, genealogy and history - author Konstantynowicz Bogdan. Cryptography, ciphers, radio and telegraph in Sweden, Switzerland, Russia (Nobel, Damm, Hagelin and Schilling). The Dyuflon / Duflon and Konstantynowicz Company in Zaporozhye, Moscow and St Petersburg 1892

1892

At the beginning Louis Franzevich Dyuflon founded technical office in the 2nd half of the 19th century in Moscow. L. Duflon / Dyuflon and Apollon Konstantynowicz acted in the St. Petersburg branch of the 'Breguet' Company

(A. Konstantynowicz / Apollon Konstantinovich / Constantinovich for the Breguet Moscow branch).
At present the Montres Breguet SA is a member company of the Swatch Group of western Switzerland in L'Abbaye (L'Abbaye is a municipality in the canton of Vaud, Switzerland; around 30 km north - west of Lausanne). It was founded by

Abraham-Louis Breguet in Paris in 1775.

Abraham-Louis Breguet or Bréguet b. 10 January 1747 and died on 17 September 1823, born in Neuchâtel, Switzerland. Originally Prussian Abraham Louis Breguet began his career as a watchmaker but also a physicist.

His son Louis-Antoine Breguet. His ancestry was French but his family were Protestants so they fled to Switzerland after Edict of Nantes in 1685. He met

Abraham-Louis Perrelet and Xavier Gide.

In 1795 Breguet returned to Paris. Circa 1807 Breguet brought in his son, Louis-Antoine (born 1776) as a business partner, and from this point the firm became known as Breguet et Fils. He sent his son to London to study with the great English chronometer maker,

John Arnold.

Abraham-Louis Breguet died in 1823 and it was carried on by Louis-Antoine to 1833 (he died in 1858), and after the business continued under Abraham-Louis' grandson

Louis François Clément Breguet born on 22 Dec. 1804

in Paris.

Louis Francois Clement Breguet work in the early days of
telegraphy, educated in Switzerland. Louis François Clément Breguet
was a French physicist, "1835 and 1840 he standardized the company product line of watches, ... and diversified into scientific instruments, electrical devices, recording instruments, an electric thermometer, telegraph instruments and electrically synchronized clocks

(Masson, Antoine Philibert and Louis Breguet in 1841 ed. 'Memoire sur l'induction', Annales de chimie et de physique, Paris, 4 (3), p. 129-152; Masson describes the toothed wheels that functioned as an interrupter).

With
Alphonse Foy, in 1842 he developed an electrical needle telegraph to replace the optical telegraph system ... and a later step-by-step telegraph system in 1847 ... manufactured the rotating mirror Fizeau-Foucault apparatus ... and 'spark coil'

(archaically known as an inductorium or Ruhmkorff coil after Heinrich Ruhmkorff)

is a type of electrical transformer used to produce high-voltage pulses ... were widely used in
x-ray machines, spark-gap radio transmitters, arc lighting and quack medical electrotherapy devices from the 1880s to the 1920s ... lighting Geissler tubes ... Tesla coils...".

Alphonse Foy informed Morse that his system would not be accepted in France. He also requested Louis Francois Breguet (b. 1804), grandson of Abraham Louis Breguet to produce an electrical telegraph with needles in France. The resulting Breguet - Foy telegraph used two needles. It was first tried in 1842. In 1842 tests were made with optical telegraph at night. In 1845 test of electrical telegraph was made along the railway route, the Breguet two - needle telegraph, too.

As a result the Breguet equipment was installed in 1845 on the Paris-Rouen route. Breguet replaced his telegraph also called the French telegraph, which was standard equipment on French railways and L. Breguet in 1851 had in Paris a fourth floor added to his building for this work.

Breguet cooperated also with Chambrier, V. Foy, the French government (dial telegraph in 1845), the Telegraph Company in 1863 (electric telegraph - Breguet System, late 19th century), in Britain in the 1860s and 1870s with Wood, Edward George b. in Clerkenwell, Islington, January 1812, d. 1896 from Cheapside, City of London, who was friend of Thomas Cooper, the Chartist (galvanic telegraph, Crossley's Telegraph in Halifax), d'Arlincourt (transmitter);
Breguet patented a Telegraph Communicator - Breguet Alphabetical Type, circa 1870; manufactured the telephone transmitter (Boudet, Laborde, Breguet, Ader, Du Moncel, and others) and telephone receivers (Bell, Breguet, and others).
Note: Winnie Buller b. in Bacton, Norfolk, receives pilot's license from Breguet School at Douia, France.

In Russia, St Petersburg - Moscow electrical telegraph line was established as the first; in 1853 a line to Kronstadt, 1854 to Warsaw. The Russian state telegraph network of 11000 km was constructed by Siemens - Carl Siemens - in the period 1853 - 1855. 1863 to Tbilisi in Georgia upon the initiative of Grigola Orbeliani, d. 1883. 1860 to Sweden from Russia.

"...The first electromagnetic telegraph created a Russian scientist Paul L. Schilling in 1832. ... Paul Schilling also developed the original code in which each letter of the alphabet corresponded to a specific combination of symbols that might appear with black and white circles on the telegraph ... the electromagnetic telegraph was built in Germany - Carl Gauss and Wilhelm Weber (1833), in the UK - Cooke and Wheatstone (1837), and the U.S. patented electromagnetic telegraph S. Morse in 1837. ... In Russia, the P. L. Schilling continued B. Jacobi, built in 1839 writer telegraph...".
Paul L. Schilling / Baron Pavel L'vovitch von Schilling / Schilling von Kannstadt / Schilling von Cannstatt b. 1786 in Tallinn and died 1837 in St. Petersburg, diplomat, electrical engineer and inventor, the Baltic German origin, who built a pioneering electrical telegraph.

Sir Charles Wheatstone b. 1802, an English scientist and inventor: the stereoscope Playfair cipher for an encryption technique ("...it was used by the militaries of several nations through at least World War I, and is known to have been used during World War II by British intelligence services. It was initially resistant to cryptanalysis...", acc. to Marks, Leo, Between Silk and Cyanide. New York 1998), Wheatstone bridge, telegraph; in 1835 he lectured on the system of Baron Schilling, and the five-needle telegraph was similar to that of Schilling; the Breguet telegraph was similar in many ways to the Wheatstone model. It was simply built and adhered to basic engineering principles.

In 1917, after Russian revolution, cryptographers took the counterrevolution side. Soviet Government used both tsar and revolutionary ciphers. In 1921, a special department was founded by the government, for exploitation of ciphers. Andrei Andreevich Markov gave a classification of ciphers which do not propagate distortions. Aleksandr Osipovich Gelfond investigated the complexity of the discrete logarithm problem. Andrei Nikolaevich Kolmogorov (1903‑1987), graduated of the Lomonosov Moscow State University in 1925, acc. to Valentin A. Nosov.
By 1860 large codes were in common use for diplomatic communications, and cipher systems had become a rarity for this application. The invention of telegraph and radio pushed forward the development of cryptographic protection of telecommunications, acc. to https://www.cryptochallenge.com/home/history.
The British scientist Sir Charles Wheatstone b. 1802, developed the Playfair Code, a table system that was easy to use.
Friedrich W. Kasiski developed a cryptanalysis method in 1863. In 1883, the French teacher and writer Auguste Kerckhoffs set forth six basic requirements of cryptography. He formulated procedures for long-term diplomatic codes. In 1917, the Americans formed the cryptographic organization MI-8, with Herbert Osborne Yardley as the director. The ADFGVX system was put into service by the Germans near the end of World War One. This was a cipher which performed a substitution, fractionation and then transposition of the letter fractions. It was broken by the French cryptanalyst, Lieutenant Georges Painvin.

Acc. to: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_I_cryptography, "Ernst Fetterlein was in the Tzarist Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs from 1896, and solved German, Austrian and British codes. He was eventually made chief cryptographer. ... 1917 he fled to Britain, and was recruited to Room 40 in June 1918 to work on Austrian, Bolshevik, and Georgian codes. The Russians used an overly complicated version of the Vigenere Cipher... The French Army employed Georges Painvin, and Etienne Bazeries..., on German ciphers...".

Acc. to I. I. Rengarten we read on a number of important additional information about the activities of Russian radio intelligence service in fall of 1914. Thus, in early October 1914 at the headquarters of the fleet were found approaches to disclosure of existing German ciphers, and in the second half of November 1914, fully decrypted code 'gamma - alpha', introduced on October 7, 1914, that led to a successful reading of the German fleet ciphers, and were read so well many previously adopted radiograms. The Baltic Fleet initiated the establishment of a special coastal radio station that would resolve problems of intelligence signals, with support and guidance of the Naval General Staff. In February 1915, the Minister of Marine decided to organize the Southern District of the Baltic Sea stations, with three officers (chief radio, 2 assistants) and 50 privates. In the spring of 1915 this station was organized on the southern coast of the Gulf near Cape Shpitgamn. Order of the Commander of the fleet number 308 of March 19, 1915, appointed as chief, Lieutenant P. A. Kolokoltsov. Later, in July 1915, P. A. Kolokoltsov replaced V. P. Przhilentsky / Przylencki, who served in the office until 1917; during February - April 1915 on the radio were appointed Lieutenant D. P. Izmalkov, V. I. Markov, O. O. Proffit and I. M. Yamchenko. According to experts in the field of radio intelligence, the radio station has successfully solved all the tasks assigned to it. It should be noted that in the decryption Bureau, with naval experts also participated representatives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. In July 1915, were appointed Y. Pavlovich / Павлович and Б. Орлов / B. Orlov. And in early 1916, when appeared the first serious problems with deciphering of the German radio messages, caused by the introduction of new ciphers and a new signal book, here was specially sent one of the leading cryptologist E. Fetterleyn, with co-operation of the British radio intelligence service, sharing the most confidential information on signals intelligence and cryptanalysis. A documents suggest about such contacts with specialists of the French decryption service, by the beginning of the campaign in 1915; introduced on March 8, 1915 the new German code gamma - alpha was discovered two days later, a work headed by the radiotelegraphic officer I. I. Rengarten.
Ernst Constantin Fetterlein was born in St Petersburg in 1873 d. 1944, was a Russian cryptographer. The son of Karl Fedorovich Fetterlein, a German-language tutor, and Olga Fetterlein, née Meier. "She was almost certainly Jewish and so Ernst can certainly be counted as of Jewish origin". Above named Karl was a German-language instructor at the Saint Petersburg Military-Judicial Institute and director at the Imperial Public Library ca 1900.

Carl F. Fetterleyn or Karl Fedorovich Fetterlein born 1828 in Riga and died on 16.06.1902 in Gapsal / Haapsalu / Hapsala / Haapsal, Estonia (check Pushkin and von Gernet and Dunkel Baltic German families); was librarian; son of Prussian actor, until 1858 he studied at Tartu University, arriving to St. Petersburg, 1859 began teach at the 1st military Gymnasium / 1st Cadet Corps, to 1878.

The Pavlovsky Military School, since 1880. The friend of Schilder and M. Korf (for collecting materials about the life and reign of Nicholas I), also S. N. Urusov and I. D. Delianov. Actively participated in the work of F. and N. K. Schilder on collecting materials on the reign of Alexander I. He was closest assistant of M. A. Korf; the friend of Vladimir Stasov.
By L. A. Shilov for the National Library of Russia, 2011-2013. Ernst Constantin Fetterlein in 1896 joined the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and became the chief cryptologist. Ernst was a cryptanalyst under Tsar Nicholas in his 'Black Cabinet' and reached the equivalent rank of admiral. During World War I, he was known as Ernst Popov; he solved German, Austrian and British codes. In 1917, Ernst Constantin Fetterlein fled to Western Europe with his wife on board a Swedish ship. He contacted the British and French intelligence services and on 9 March 1918 a letter to the Director of Naval Intelligence, Rear-Admiral Reginald Hall, the British naval attache in Helsingfors / Helsinki, from Captain W. H. Cromie in Petrograd, described Fetterlein as 'a cipher clerk in the Russian Foreign Office for twenty-five years' who came 'highly recommended'. Fetterlein began work for the British intelligence in June 1918; he was recruited to Room 40 to work on Georgian, Austrian and Bolshevik codes. After the end of World War I, he worked for the Government Code and Cypher School - worked on Soviet Communist traffic; his brother, P. K. Fetterlein, also worked for the Government Code and Cypher School.
See: Victor Madeira, 2004; Ralph Erskine, 2004; Stephen Budiansky, 2000; Michael Smith; Thomas R. Hammant; David Kahn and Budiansky, 2000.
Acc. to: A. V. Sinel'nikov, 'Codes and Russian revolutionaries': By the beginning of the World War I Russia had the strongest in the world decryption service, and some of its employees as a result of all the troubles were after October 1917 in the Entente countries. But we know that in the early 1920s, the Russian section of the British decryption service taken Ernest Fetterleyn, since 1897 leading cryptanalyst for the Committee of tsarist Foreign Ministry, in reading a diplomatic correspondence of hostile states. His superior was V. Sabanin.

A note on the Gernet family from Estland / Estonia:
Natalie Praskowia Rehbinder b. 1796 died 1862, her father Peter Woldemar Rehbinder b. 1757 d. 1823; her husband Alexander August von Gernet b. 1786 in Lehhola / Lehola, Estonia and died on October 5, 1865 in Lehhola. Lehola is a settlement in Keila Parish, Harju County in northwestern Estonia, 15 km south-west of Harku, and 18 km west of Saku. His father Carl Gustav von Gernet b. 1747 died 1812 in Lehhola / Lehola, Estonia.
Brothers of above Aleksander Gernet: Georg Gustav von Gernet 1780 - 1846, Wilhelm Adolf von Gernet 1792 - 1867, Karl Johann von Gernet 1776 who died on November 8, 1857 in Lauenhof, Podrala, Valdamaa / Valgamaa County, Estland / Estonia.

Son of above Karl Johann Gernet: Karl Jakob Rudolf von Gernet 1826 died April 20, 1912 in Hapsal / Haapsalu, Estonia. His brother: Magnus Friedrich von Gernet 1824 died October 22, 1909 in Reval / Tallinn, Estonia - and his son:
Rudolf Jakob von Gernet was born 1864 and died in 1944.
Sergey Gernet / Сергей Павлович Гернет / Sergei Gernet:
a midshipman in the 1st Baltic Naval Depot. Sergei Pavlovich Gernet born 1859 and d. 1918; his father: Paul Bernhard Friedrich Gernet b. 1819 d. 1860. His son: Eugene S. Gernet b. in Kronstadt on October 31, 1882 d. on August 8, 1943 in Spartacus village, Pavlodar area, Kazakhstan. The captain of the 2nd rank in 1917. During the Russian-Japanese War, in the defense of Port Arthur 1904, during the First World War he served in the Black Sea 1916. Then he served in the Soviet Navy. In 1918 he commanded the squadron in Novorossiisk. Arrested in 1938, he died in exile.
Above Carl's / Karl's children: Frederick Gernet b. 1738 d. 1789, Christian Gernet b. 1740 d. 1819, Carl Gustaf Gernet b. 1747 d. 1812.
And some details of above named Sergei Gernet / Сергей Павлович Гернет born 1859 died 1918, a top member of 'Duflon and Konstantynowicz' Company from St Petersburg and Moscow and about his family:

His father Paul Berngard / Пауль Бернгард Фридрихов Гернет / v. Gernet Paul Bernhard b. 1819 d. 1860.

Son of Sergei was born on 31 October 1882 in Kronsztadt / Кронштадт, Evgenii / Евгений died 1943. His grandfather: Frederick Wilhelm / Fridrich Wilhelm / Фридрих Вильгельм Гернет born 1783 died 1857.
And great-grandfather Christian Wilhelm Gernet b. 1740 d. 1819, and his father Carl Gottlieb Gernet b. 1700 d. 1791.

On Carl Gottlieb Gernet b. 1700 d. 1791 (Карл Готлиб Иоахимов Гернет son of Ioachim Georgiev von Gernet / Иоахим Георгиев Гернет b. 1648 d. 1710 and was grandson of Георгий Гернет / Georgij von Gernet);

Karl Gotlib sons: Fridrich / Фридрих Гернет / Eberhard Friedrich von Gernet died 1789, was born on November 26, 1738 in Lehhlola / Lehhola / Lehola in Estonia and died on July 29, 1789 in Ohtel / Ohtu, Estonia (Ohtel / Ohtu - only 3 km south - east of Lehola, near to Keila, and ca 15 / 13 km to Uksnurme);
next son born 1740 Christian Wilhelm / Христиан Вильгельм Гернет died ca 1819, born in Lehhola, Estonia - his sons: 1. Hans Moritz von Gernet born 1775 died 1860 (his son Adam Oskar von Gernet 1834 in Reval - 1908 in Reval - and his son: Moritz Nikolai Oswald von Gernet born 1867 Sallenstad - d. ?) and 2. Otto Heinrich von Gernet (1780 Reval - 1848) and 3. Frederick Wilhelm / Fridrich Wilhelm / Фридрих Вильгельм Гернет born 1783 died 1857;
and next son born in 1747 Karl Gustaw von Gernet / Карл Густав Гернет
(Carl Gustav von Gernet born in Waikna and died 1812 in Lehhola / Lehola, Estonia with son Karl Iogann / Carl Iohan von Gernet - Waikna / Vaikna that is support manor of Koluvere manor, Kullamaa Parish in Läänemaa County; 38 km east of Haapsalu and also east of Kiideva, north-west-north of Parnu, 70 km circa. Note: Jula Dunkel b. 1840, from Ridala Parish, Lääne County, Estonia - her father Kustas Dunkel b. 1814 from Haeska, 7 km east of Kiideva (Gernet) and south-east of Haapsalu, about 23 km west of Vaikna)
died 1812 and his son:
1776 Karl Iogann Gernet / Гернет died 1857 and his son: 1824 Fridrich Magnus / Фридрих Магнус Гернет died 1909; and his son: b. 07 August 1878 Adam Richard Ernst / Адам Рихард Эрнст Гернет died 1944;

about above Adam R. E. Gernet: Cushima 1905, 1910 Nikolaevskaya Morskaya Akademia, 1913 captain 2nd class, 1939 in Germany;
the brother of Carl Gottlieb Gernet b. 1700: Wilhelm Henrich / Вильгельм Генрих Гернет born 1703 died 1772 - his son:

1741 Hristophor / Христофор Вильгельмов Гернет died 1794 - sons of Hristophor:

1782 Reinholdt / Рейнгольд Христофоров Гернет d. 1832 and 1791 Ferdinand / Фердинанд Христофоров died 1852; 1795 Hristophor Hristophorovich / Христофор Христофорович Гернет died 1865 - and his son: 1835 Aleksandr / Александр Христофорович Гернет d. 1893 - and his children: Natalia / Наталья Александровна and Vladymir / Владимир Александрович Гернет b. 1870 d. 1929 - his wife and daughter: Elena Alekseevna Zerebko-Rotmistrenko / Елена Алексеевна b. 1864 d. 1937, daughter b. 1899 in Odessa, Nina Vladymirovna Gernet b. 1899 d. 1982 - about Nina: her son Erik Michailovich Rausch-Gernet / Эрик Рауш - Гернет, her husbands: Michail Sale / Михаил Салье b. 1899 and from 1923 married to Michail Rausch-Traubenberg / Рауш фон Траубенберг b. 1904.

Boris Caesar Wilhelm Hagelin b. 1892, was a Swedish businessman and inventor of encryption machines. Born of Swedish parents in Azerbaijan; father Karl Wilhelm Hagelin worked for Ludvig and Emanuel / Emmanuel Nobel in Baku (Karl Hagelin was closest advisor for Emmanuel, because Wilhelm Hagelin, his father, had been employed by Ludvig Nobel as a manager of the St. Petersburg factory; 1899, Karl Hagelin was called back to St. Petersburg, like Emmanuel's closest technical advisor), and next was an investor in the Arvid Gerhard Damm's company - Aktiebolaget Cryptograph, established to sell rotor machines, acc. to Wikipedia.
See: Smith, Francis O. J., The Secret Corresponding Vocabulary..., ed. in Portland; Shannon, A Mathematical Theory of Communication. Bell System..., ed. in 1948; Damm Arvid G., Aktiebolaget Cryptograph, ed. 1922; Boris C. W. Hagelin became first a director and later the owner of the Cryptograph Company, next the Cryptographe Technik and then the Crypto A. G. in the 1960s.
Crypto AG is a Swiss company specialising in communications and information security. With headquarters in Steinhausen ... Crypto AG was established in Bern by Russian-born Swede, Boris Hagelin. Originally called AB Cryptoteknik and founded by Arvid Gerhard Damm in Stockholm in 1920, the firm manufactured the C-36 mechanical cryptograph machine that Damm had patented.
After Damm's death ... Cryptoteknik came under the control of Boris Hagelin, an early investor (1921, Boris Hagelin developed his first cipher machine whilst working for crypto-company Damm in Sweden; 1935 he produced a fully mechanical machine under his own brand name A. B. Ingeniorsfirman Teknik in Sweden).
It was the first of a long line of mechanical cipher machines. Shortly before WWII, he developed the M-209 for the American Army. After the war the company moved to Switzerland where they traded as Hagelin Cryptos. Acc. to: http://www.cryptomuseum.com/crypto/hagelin/), and during the War essentially operated in the United States ... In the early 1950s, it was transferred from Stockholm to Zug (close to Luzern / Lucerna) ... and was incorporated in Switzerland in 1952. Crypto AG has a sister company, InfoGuard AG (InfoGuard AG, a member of 'The Crypto Group', has specialised in providing comprehensive information security for more than 130 countries), acc. to: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crypto_AG.
Boris Hagelin had created the 'Hagelin-machine', a encryption device similar to the German 'Enigma' (Charles Babbage, b. 1791, an English polymath, had recommendations from James Ivory and John Playfair, achieved notable results in cryptography, 1850s Babbage broke Vigenere's autokey cipher; Friedrich Kasiski, a Prussian infantry officer, made the same discovery some years later. The Enigma was an electro-mechanical rotor cypher machine used for both encryption and decryption, from the early 1920s on. Enigma was developed by Arthur Scherbius dating back to 1919. Enigma-A was offered for sale in 1923. The Swedish textile engineer Arvid Gerhard Damm, used his experience gained with Jacquard weaving machines for construction of an automatic ciphering machine and applied for a patent in 1919 for his rotory system.

But Rintu Nath, 'Dream 2047', June 2013, vol. 15, No 9, A chronicle of cryptography:
In 1918, the German inventor Arthur Scherbius and his close friend Richard Ritter developed a cryptographic machine called Enigma. Scherbius patented his cipher machine in 1918. Enigma was contained in a compact box measuring only 13,5 - 11 - 6 inches. Encryption using Enigma was based on polyalphabetic substitution method. Security of the encrypted message was based on the secret key.

1921, Boris Hagelin bringing support from the Swedish Nobel family, "...improved the cryptograph and in 1925 succeeded in getting the Swedish Army to use his Swedish product, the new prototype B-21, instead of the German Enigma". 1927 Hagelin became the owner of Aktiebologat Cryptograph. "...The B-21 had a lamp ﬁeld similar to that in Enigma. In a new compact version, the C-35, the lamp ﬁeld was replaced by a printer, which produced the ciphered text at a speed of three letters per second. To improve the operating comfort, the C-35 was connected to an electric typewriter, which the U.S. company Remington had just introduced. The C-35, as small as a telephone, became very successful. More than 5000 units were sold...". Hagelin in Switzerland, where in 1948 he founded Crypto AG in Zug, during the Cold War produced a ciphering unit, the TC-52, used for the red telephone line between the White House and Moscow).

The Hagelin machine was used on the side of the Allies in World War II. These included the Vatican, as well the governments of Iraq, Iran, and Libya. ... Acc. to: J. Orlin Grabbe - copyright in 1997 under J. Orlin Grabbe at web page: http://orlingrabbe.com. By Wayne Madsen, Covert Action Quarterly 63, 30 Jan 1999: "...For decades, the US has routinely intercepted and deciphered top secret encrypted messages of 120 countries. These nations had bought the world's most sophisticated and supposedly secure commercial encryption technology from Crypto AG, a Swiss company ... All the while, because of a secret agreement between the National Security Agency (NSA) and Crypto AG, they might as well have been hand delivering the message to Washington. ... The cover shielding the NSA-Crypto AG relationship was torn in March 1992...".
A. G. Damm edited the first a brochure in April 1917, he was the founder of the Company in 1916 (or 1915 by Boris Hagelin), with Wahlberg as the A. B. Cryptograph. See: General Cartier, Francois, Secrecy in Radiotelegraphy.
Estonians were also active on radio-intelligence before the Second World War. Olev Őun was a phenomenal decipherer, "...and had managed to break the latest code of the Red Army during the Polish campaign in September 1939. Unfortunately, no materials are available to support or argue the words of that high-ranking Finnish intelligence officer ... German military attache in Tallinn, Colonel Horst Rsing, evaluated the Estonian radio-intelligence against the Soviet Union as more successful than the Finnish one ... Andres Kalmus was a highly competent technical expert in radio intelligence, while Olev Őun was a talented Estonian cryptanalyst".
Arne Carl-August Beurling, b. 1905, was a Swedish mathematician and professor of mathematics at Uppsala University. "...In the summer of 1940 he single-handedly deciphered and reverse-engineered an early version of the Siemens and Halske T52 also known as the Geheimfernschreiber (secret teletypewriter) used by Nazi Germany in World War II for sending ciphered messages ... Beurling's great - grandfather was Per Henric Beurling b. 1758 / 1763, died in 1806, who founded a high quality clock factory in Stockholm in 1783". See: Lars Ulfving, The Geheimschreiber Secret. Arne Beurling and the success of Swedish signals intelligence, edited by Bo Hugemark, Probus Förlag, Stockholm 1992.
"...Swedish intelligence services in the modern sense of the word had indeed been already established in the beginning of this century. The armed forces intelligence service had increased in 1905, during the Union crises, and in the First World War. The General Staff and Naval Staff of that time both had their own signals intelligence and cryptographic units. ... The first successful attempts to break foreign cipher traffic were made in spring 1933, when they succeeded in breaking the cipher then used by the OGPU (later the KGB). These breaks into foreign military ciphers were probably the first to be made in Sweden after the First World War".

Boris Caesar Wilhelm Hagelin b. 1892 in Adzhikent, the Elizavetpol province, now Azerbaijan, was Swedish entrepreneur, inventor of encryption devices. Developer electromechanical encryption units, (rotary machines) of Arvid Damm and mechanical cipher machines.

Founder of the Swiss company Crypto AG / Crypto A. G., which specializes in information and telecommunications security.
Above named the Elizavetpol Province / Yelizavetpol quberniya, and above Ganja / Gənce, 1804 to 1918 was called Yelizavetpol, 1935 renamed Kirovabads.
His father, Carl Wilhelm Hagelin worked as a manager in an oil company in Baku Nobel. 1899, Carl Hagelin was appointed director and moved with his family to St. Petersburg. 1915, Boris Caesar Wilhelm Hagelin began his career in Vasteras in the Swedish electrical company ASEA, supplier of equipment for the Nobels.

Being interested in the encryption business correspondence, Carl Wilhelm Hagelin and Immanuel Nobel / Emmanuel Nobel were an investors of the AB Cryptograph Company, in the production cipher machines developed Arvid Damm, like a rotary machine Electrocryptograph B-1. Boris Hagelin in 1922 was appointed to represent their interests in the company. 1925 when Damme moved to Paris to collaborate with the telegraph companies (Breguet-Brown), Boris Hagelin headed the firm.
After the death of Arvid Damm in 1927 and the death of Immanuel Nobel / Emmanuel Nobel / Lyudvigovich Emanuel Nobel b. 1859 died in 1932 - a nephew of Alfred Nobel, control of the company passed to Hagelin. In 1934, the French General Staff began to develop a pocket Hagelin cipher machine.

Acc. to: http://www.branobelhistory.com/ under copyright by The Centre for Business History in Stockholm and branobelhistory.com, we read:

"...Karl Wilhelm also known as Karl Vasilievitj Hagelin was born in St. Petersburg in 1860. His parents Wilhelm Hagelin (1828-1901) and Anna Lovisa Eriksdotter (1818–1870) ... In 1861, the family moved to the Volga where his father worked for a period as a second engineer on passenger boats and towboats. ... In autumn 1870, he started at the Givochini boarding school in Nizhny Novgorod ... In 1875, thanks to a recommendation from family friend A. I. Sandström, he was accepted into the design workshop at the shipbuilding factory belonging to D. P. Shipov in Kostroma. He received his first real assignment working on the designs for a motorboat, ... and two smaller steamers ... he was employed as a mechanic at the Kaukaz & Mercury shipping company in Astrakhan, where he worked on preparing boats ... he met two Swedes, N. Qvarnström and master mechanic Westvall, with whose recommendation he was able to secure employment as a mechanic in the instrument workshop at the Nobel paraffin factory in Baku. Hagelin’s first working day at Robert Nobel's factory was on 4 April 1879. ... During his initial period in Baku (1879-1883), Wilhelm ... assisted chemist E. Tell ... When engineer Alfred Törnqvist returned from his trip to the USA and started setting up a new paraffin factory, Hagelin was given a job as a draughtsman. ... he decided to apply to the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm. In order to pass the entrance exams, he took private lessons from engineer A. B. Lambert in mathematics, physics and chemistry. After two years in Sweden, he wrote to Branobel's managing director, J.G. Crusell, explaining his desire to return to Russia and take up his position again. ... Ludvig Nobel invited Hagelin to St. Petersburg. Wilhelm was given a post in the technical laboratory where he experimented with chemical processes for production of light oil fractions. ... In 1891, he was first promoted to technical director and then office manager in Baku. ... In 1900, he was recalled to St. Petersburg to replace M. J. Belyamin as the company's chairman of the board ... In 1906, he was appointed Swedish consul general in St. Petersburg (1906-1911). ... In spring 1917, Hagelin travelled to Baku, continuing onboard the K.W. Hagelin motorboat to Astrakhan ... Wilhelm left Russia and spent a year abroad, but in July 1918 he was back for a shorter visit ... The remaining directors M. Belyamin, G. Nobel and A. Belonozhkin tried at numerous meetings to solve the burning issue of how the company's trading rights and authority could be protected. Hagelin's last attempt to enter Russia via Constantinople failed and on 3 July 1920 he was forced to return to Stockholm. ...

he, together with Immanuel Nobel / Emmanuel Nobel / Lyudvigovich Emanuel Nobel b. 1859, joined the Aktiebolaget Cryptograph company under the management of Arvid Gerhard Damm (where Wilhelm's son, Boris Hagelin, also worked for a time).

In 1923, Karl Wilhelm Hagelin was elected as an honorary member of the Swedish Society of Engineers...".

Acc. to: Boris Hagelin, The Story of the Hagelin-Cryptos, Zug 1981.

Boris Hagelin was born in 1892, in Adschikent, a small summer resort. His father was a Swede, who had been born in St Petersburg in 1860. He was manager of the Nobel Company's oil fields in Baku. He had joined the company in 1879, director in 1899. Boris was living in St Petersburg 1899 to 1904. His first job, the supervision of the construction of an electric power station on one of the Nobel oil fields in Baku. Nobels had ordered the equipment from ASEA in Vastraos.
"...Emanuel Nobel was very generous towards me and ﬁnanced the establishing of a small engineering ofﬁce in Stockholm. During my stay in the USA I had acquired some inventions, which I developed which made me ﬁnancially independent. The decisive turning point in my life came, however, when Emanuel Nobel entrusted me with the supervision of a small company which he had begun to finance in 1921 - the A.B. Cryptograph. This company was founded in 1915 with the objective to develop and manufacture ciphering machines invented by the Swedish engineer A. G. Damm. In 1925 I assumed the management of the company as well as the development of saleable products. This was a fascinating task although I did not have any knowledge of cryptography. Mr. A. G. Damm died in 1927. In 1932 the A. B. Cryptograph was liquidated and replaced by the A.B. Cryptoteknik. A.B. Cryptoteknik manufactured only mechanical and electro mechanical ciphering machines. After World War II the need for ciphered telegraph transmission became obvious. In order to be able to work without the interference of the Swedish Government - ciphering machines were at that time considered war material - I decided to move to Zug, Switzerland. I first collaborated with the Swiss inventor Dr. E. Gretener, but later established a small independent laboratory. CRYPTO AG was in corporated on May 13, 1952, and had at ﬁrst just one employee. My Swedish activities were transferred to CRYPTO AG, and since the name 'Hagelin Cryptos' had already become well known before i World War II the enterprise grew so fast that in 1966 a new manufacturing and administration building was built in Zug - Steinhausen".
Damm also constructed purely mechanical machine which printed both the plaintext and the ciphertext. Four of these machines were sold to Japan. Finally Damm invented a system with rotors, i.e., alphabet permutating wheels. The best-known machine using rotors was the German ENIGMA.
Damm aimed to interest the large telegraph companies in his machine. After 1921, Damm's interests in cipher machines were concentrated in the field of radio telegraphy: Marconi, Telefunken, TSF and Western Union.

Piotr Wodziński, a year ago (2011, Merkuryusz), after reading the 'three very interesting books' published an article 'Not only Enigma', wrote Mariasz in March 2012 at http://mariasz.salon24.pl/397497.
"These books are: Chapman, 'Japan in Poland's Secret Neighbourhood War', Ken Kotani, 'Japanese Intelligence in World War II', McCay, Bengt Beckman, 'Swedish Signal Intelligence'.
The thing applies to the pre-war and wartime cooperation of the Japanese, Polish, Finnish, Estonian and Swedish intelligence. Directed against the Soviets. In this cooperation, information obtained from radio intelligence played a key role".
See: http://merkuryusz.com/nr_09.html - "...The secret protocol of the Ribbentrop - Molotov Pact and the Soviet preparations for the invasion were not - for the Polish secret services - any secret. Could not be. A specialized publications of Japan report that the imperial SIGNIT broken in June 1939, the 4-digit code of the Soviet army, 4 digit code of border guard and 3-digit code of Air Force. Soviets changed their Army codes after the Battle of Nomonhan ... as the Battle of Chalchyngol, after September 16 , 1939, implemented the new five-digit code OK40, which, however, already in September 1939 was broken by the Estonian secret services. ... the Polish radio-intelligence was a part of a very effective anti-Soviet network - exchange information on a mass scale with the services of the Japanese, Estonian, Finnish and Swedish ... What's more, our radio-intelligence was regarded as the best part of this network. This surely, we were learning Japanese ... (after September 1939 two of our cryptographers has been employed by the Japanese services and worked during the war in Tokyo). When the Swedes turned out about technical assistance to the Estonians, they directed their to our secret services, pointing that they are the most professional...".
See : http://konstantynowicz.info/17_wrzesnia_1939_agresja_sowiecka/tajny_zalacznik_pakt_ribbentrop_molotow_23_sierpnia_1939/index.html

Arvid Gerhard Damm d. 1927, was a Swedish engineer and inventor. He designed a number of cipher machines. Damm was originally a textile engineer, and worked as an engineering manager in a textile factory in Finland.

Edward Hugh Hebern b. 1869, was an early inventor of rotor machines, devices for encryption. Acc. to 'On the history of cryptography in Russia', by N. N. Tokareva, Sobolev Institute of Mathematics: P. L. Shilling, and V. I. Krivosh-Nemanich, were the first in cryptography and cryptanalysis in history of Russia.

Vladimir Ivanovich (Кривош-Неманич) Krivoch Niemanich / Nemanjic b. 1865, polyglot and cryptographer, thanks to the knowledge of many languages, was enrolled in the University of St. Petersburg in 1886, he studied at the Sorbonne, served as an interpreter for the Admiralty, was sent to Paris to study foreign experience in matters of censorship; until 1911 he worked in the Special Naval General Staff of the paperwork for the management agents; he became the first Russian cryptographer, learn more in France at that time; after the February Revolution in 1917 returned to St. Petersburg, makes notes for Lenin himself; Lenin ordered to enroll Krivoch Niemanich in the newly created People's Commissariat of Foreign Affairs, to translate (look for the Nieciejewski family from the Berezina parish); he was arrested on charges of bribery of nobles for missing abroad and spent six months in prison, but back to work as a translator for Military control - then known as intelligence and counterintelligence of Bolsheviks under the control of the former Tsarist General M. Bonch - Bruevich;
after the revolution, he collaborated with Soviet cryptographic service, was again arrested but next release and was working for a new counterintelligence; died 1942 in Ufa.

The main events in the history of the Russian telegraph:

W. Siemens established company 'Trading house of Siemens and Halske' in St. Petersburg for repair and construction empire Russian telegraphs, in 1853. 1870 the Russian army started building the military telegraph parks. 1877 telephones appears in Russia but in the Russian army experiments on telephone made in 1878. L. Dyuflon and Dizeren in St. Petersburg established the Electrotechnical workshop on 1892, June 27. On 1896, December 14, L. Dyuflon, J. Dizeren and A. V. Konstantinovich in St. Petersburg established The Factory of electromechanical structures when Tesla received a British patent on the design of the spark gap - rotating strap. 1898, K. F. Siemens, W. Siemens, A. V. Gvineria and A. Y. Rothstein in St. Petersburg established the Russian joint stock company of electrical plants 'Siemens and Halske'. 1899 were starting experiments on radio in Russian War Department. 1902 (1901), the Plant of electromechanical structures reorganized into a joint stock company 'Dyuflon, Konstantynowicz & Co', DECA. 1904, Captain 2nd Rank A. A. Remmert appointed head of business wireless telegraphy in the Marine Department. The Telefunken, JSC Russian Electrotechnical plants 'Siemens and Halske' and A. S. Popov agreed on the establishment in St. Petersburg 'Branch for wireless telegraphy system'. 1905, Naval Department made a contract with JSC Russian electrical plants 'Siemens and Halske' for delivery to the Navy 24 stations of the 'Telefunken'. Open the radio station in Revel, 1913. 1915, L. E. Gabrilovich established in Petrograd, the Universal Russian company of radio - telegraph, radio - telephone and electric devices (VRKR). 1916, stopped activity of JSC Russian electrical plants 'Siemens and Halske'. 1917 April, 'Duflon, Konstantynowicz and Co.', DEKA, now as 'акционерное общество Заводов электромеханических сооружений'.

Acc. to: T. V. Alekseev, ed. 2010:
In the first of these stages, which lasted until the beginning of the 1890s, created small workshops for repair and installation works, as well as the production of simple parts. The priority of this case belonged to the German entrepreneur V. Siemens who in 1853 founded in the Russian capital firm called 'Trading House of Siemens and Halske' were performed under a government orders a series of telegraph lines. The Russian government to conclude a long-term contract with the company for the construction of new telegraph communication lines, and the company itself became known as a company for 'building and repairing the Imperial Russian Telegraph'. At the beginning of 1868 in private house on the 1st line of Vasilievsky island in St. Petersburg opened a mechanical workshop, for co-production of the telegraphs. Mechanic N. K. Geisler in 1874 in his apartment opened small electromechanical workshop; here was repairing telegraph 'Belle Black' and also master L. H. Josef in 1884 start to produce a small - wire switches. The second stage of the formation of the electrical industry in St. Petersburg was due to the introduction of the new customs tariff in 1891. First in a series of these enterprises, was 'Siemens and Halske'; N. K. Geisler in the mid of 1890s sets of commercial communication with the American company 'Western Electric' building in 1895 - 1896 in St. Petersburg a Branch of the Western Electric - telephone and telegraph plant. In 1896, a new venture 'electro-mechanical plant of N. K. Geisler and Co'; it was already employs 100 workers after a contract from January 5, 1897 between Geisler and the American company. In the capital of the Russian Empire there was 'a large triple enterprises': Siemens and Halske, Geisler and L. M. Erickson, determined by the position on the market of wired and later radio communications.

In November 1892 established 'general partnership' of the Dyuflon and Constantinovich to 'use of electricity and mechanics to industry, to the railway, military, naval and aeronautical affairs and the private use'.

Its founders became a Swiss citizen and Dyuflon, J. Dizeren and engineer A. V. Konstantynowicz, who acted as representatives of the interests of two French companies: Sotter, Harle and Co and (electrical machinery, dynamos, motors) 'E. Gabrielle and N. Angenolt' / 'Е. Габриель и Н. Ангенольт' (incandescent lamps). Production activities based in St. Petersburg workshop and imported from France.
At the end of 1895 on the island in St. Petersburg land has been purchased, on December 14, 1896 has opened a new plant, electromechanical plant of facilities. In 1897, for the purpose of capital expansion general partnership was converted into a limited partnership 'Dyuflon, Konstantynowicz and Co'.
It should be noted that founded in 1899 'Telephone ... plant of K. Lorenz', proprietor was a German citizen O. V. Treplin. In 1900, the industrial crisis has pushed the idea of corporatization and owners association like Dyuflon, Constantinovich and Co. In September 1901 the general meeting of shareholders of the new company, approved its name 'Joint Stock Company of Electromechanical installations', the former partnership of Dyuflon, Konstantynowicz and Co, as well as the size of the authorized capital in the amount of 750 thousand rubles.

The cooperation 'Duflon and Konstantynowicz' Company with security agencies, primarily by the Ministry of the Sea, in terms of delivery of products for radio-military industry began in 1912,

and in June of this year also as a result of fire damage of electromechanical Plant company N. N. Glebov and Co, located in St. Petersburg, had started contracts with the Maritime Office on delivery of dynamos for radio stations. Shareholders decided not to rebuild the plant and the stock company transfered orders to the 'Electromechanical installations' - Duflon and Konstantynowicz. In the company of Glebov head of the test station was electrical engineer V. P. Vologdin. He signed in April 1912 contract with the captain of the port of Kronstadt to make a machine for high frequency power. After a fire at the plant Glebov, Vologdin passes in the 'AO electro-mechanical installations', where he became chief of the technical office. Since then, the company Duflon and Konstantynowicz transformed into a supplier of the main generators of naval power stations that immediately affected the results of its production and financial activities. Besides, to expand the range of equipment for military radio, management begins with 1912 active search for foreign partners for the organization and production activities in this market. In July 1912 it acquired the right of representation of the French company 'Compagnie Generale Radiotelegraphique', CGR and offered military and maritime authorities a number of products of this company. On April 23, 1913 signed an agreement on cooperation with the French radio company 'Societe Francaise Radio-Electrique', SFR. 'AO Electromechanical structures' becomes 'the sole representative of this company to operate its wireless telegraphy apparatus produced in Russia', and in the same 1913 proceeds to own wireless telegraphy equipment workshops.
The Board of 'Electromechanical facilities', expand the range of equipment for military and naval authorities on the dynamo engines, dynamo - electric power and other equipment, in the spring of 1915 commissioned a new factory building. And in the summer of 1915 again petitioned to the mayor of Petrograd on the construction of two new buildings.

The father of Baron Pavel L'vovitch von Schilling /
Schilling von Kannstadt / Schilling von Cannstatt
- Louis Joseph Ferdinand Schilling was a lieutenant or colonel in the Russian army. His sister married in 1780 by Christoph Count Benkendorf / Benckendorf / von Benckendorff. The grandfather, Karl Friedrich, Baron Schilling von Cannstatt.

Anna Juliane von Benckendorff (under copyright by geni.com, Freiin Schilling von Canstadt) b. ca 1746; her husband Christoph Ivanovich von Benckendorff b. 1749 and her sons: Alexander Konstantin Karl Wilhelm Christoph Christophorowich Graf von Benckendorff (b. 1781 / 1782 - died 1844, Russia's military commander, General of Cavalry, chief of police, Chief of III separation Office 1826 - 1844; brother of Constantine Benckendorff and Dorothea Lieven) and Konstantin Christophorowitsch Graf von Benckendorff b. 1785; and her granddaughter - Sophia von Benckendorff b. 1825; her father Karl Friedrich Freiherr Schilling von Canstadt b. 1697, and grandfather Ludwig Friedrich Freiherr Schilling von Canstadt b. 1654; her brother Ludwig Joseph Ferdinand Freiherr Schilling von Canstadt b. 1753, who has son Paul Ludwig Schilling von Canstadt b. 1786 - d. 1837 (Emperor Nicholas visited him to ask to see the telegraph experiments, he presented his telegraph in 1833 in Berlin; 1835, he again traveled to Western Europe).

In 1835, Baron Pavel L'vovitch von Schilling introduced his needle telegraph. "...In Germany and Russia, where in 1837 he had suggested concrete telegraphic transmission lines, his ideas were largely ignored" but Tsar Nicholas I decreed on 19 May 1837 the construction of a 30 km stretch of electrically operated telegraph line from St. Petersburg to Tsarskoye Selo, which was not realized because Schillings death.

Note at margin:
Schilling von Cannstatt / Schilling von Canstatt / Schilling von Canstadt: Julius Karl Otto Baron von Schilling b. 1831 in Orgena / Orina, Järva - Jaani - south-west of Rakvere, Järvamaa in Estonia; his wife Elsbeth von Benckendorff Lowenwolde born 1843 Varrangu - south-west of Rakvere, and her father was Gustav Hermann Christoph von Benckendorff b. 1815 in Gilsenhof / Kiltsi, Väike-Maarja vald - south of Rakvere, Lääne-Virumaa, Estland. Her grandfather Paul Friedrich von Benckendorff b. 1784 and great - grandfather Hermann Johann von Benckendorff b. 1751 from Wiborg (Viiburi, Выборг / Vőborg, Viipuri, Viborg), Karjala-Soome / Karelia.

Georg Wolther Baron von Schilling b. 1834 in Orgena, Järva-Jaani, Estonia. The noble Schillings / Schilling family moved to Estonia / Estland from Courland (Kurland). Karl Gebhard von Schilling began his service in the Russian army, married to Helene Charlotte von Römer of Müüsleri / Seinigal and Orina / Orgena - 2 km north-east of Jarva-Jaani (Orina, Järva-Jaani vald / Ярва-Яаани, Ярвамаа, Эстония). See: http://www.balticconnections.net/ Müüsleri (Seinigal by German) is a village in the rural community Kareda - ca 80 km east-south of Saku, close to Jarva-Jaani.
Pauline Amalie Sophie von Schilling b. 1806 in Reval / Tallinn, Estland / Eesti, her mother Anna Juliane von Rosen b. 1770.
Major-General of the gendarmerie
(counterintelligence and being the successor in office of Benkendorf; General Dubelt / Dubbelt, Staff Commander of the Corps of Gendarmes 1835-1856)
Leonti V. Dubbelt / von Dubelt was owner of the factory Kuvshinovo, Tver region; he enjoyed high confidence and patronage of the king. Von Dubelt, Leonti Vasilyevich / Leonti Wassiljewitsch Dubelt (b. 1792 died 1862), born into a family of Vasily Ivanovich Dubbelt by his wife - Mary Grigorievna Shperter vel Medina Celli, Princess;
his brother Peter, Colonel.
Von Dubelt is the German noble family from Livonia since the beginning of the 18th century.
Ivan Dubbelt entered the Russian service. His sons, Vasily and Mikhail Dubbelt.
Above Leonti V. Dubbelt married Anna Nikolaevna Persian nee Mordvinov in 1818.
In marriage, had two sons:
Nicholas / Nikolai (1819-1874)
and Michail / Michael (1822-1900).
Michael Leontievich Dubbelt or Dubelt was Lieutenant-General (1897). Dubbelt / Dubelt Michael or Michail Leontievich who was born February 8, 1822 in Kiev, Russian cavalry Major General, he was commandant of the Tiflis Alexandropol / Aleksandrapol fortress 1887-1890. His first wife Nataly / Natalia Puszkin / Natalja Aleksandrovna Pushkin since 1853, born May 23 / 4 Jun 1836 in St. Petersburg, was the daughter of Alexander Pushkin, poet. This son - M. Dubelt in 1860, lost above named Kuvshinovo factory in gambler to hands of Peter Troubetzkoy Nikitich b. 1826 died 1880, the leader of the provincial nobility.

Prince Troubetzkoy in 1869 sold it to Michael Gavrilovich Kuvshinov; his father Nikita Petrovich Trubetskoy, b. August 18, 1804 and his grandfather Peter S. Troubetzkoy / Trubetskoy born 1760: daughter of Alexander Gruzinsky - Princess Darejan or Daria Aleksandrovna Gruzinskaya died 1796, was married to Prince Pyotr Sergeyevich Troubetzkoy / Piotr Sergiejevich Trubeckoj (1760-1817) with four children, including Sergei Petrovich Troubetzkoy (29 August 1790 - 22 November 1860) who was one of the organizers of the Decembrist movement and was a freemason.

Aleksandr Sergeyevich Pushkin b. May 26 / 6 June 1799 in Moscow, Russian poet; his paternal grandfather, Leo / Lev A. Pushkin was artillery colonel; father - Sergei L. Pushkin (1767-1848), a Pushkin's mother was a granddaughter of Hannibal. Brother of the poet - Lew vel Lev born 1805.
Nikolai Leontievich / Nicholas (1819-1874) was also Lieutenant-General (1864), commander 1852 - 1856 Belarusian Hussar Regiment.
Brother of Leonti Vasilievich - Peter V. Dubbelt (born 1794 in Mogilev, Belarus now), the Adjutant in 1822-26 of General N. N. Rajewski.
A cousin of Leonti Vasilievich - Ivan M. Dubbelt (born 1805, Riga), served in the Estonian Jaeger Regiment, took part in suppressing the Polish uprising of 1863-64.
His son Evgenii / Eugene I. Dubbelt, served from 1861 in Tiflis / Tbilisi.
The Uzkoje estate that was otherwise Uzkoje village, situated 15,5 km S-W-S of Moscow core in the suburbs of the capital i.e. 9 km from boundary of urban housing in 1917, and there are nowadays Litovskij bulvar Str. and Jasnogorskaja Str. near by Vitcevskij forest and also Tschertanovka river.

Boris Siemionovich Jacobi / Moritz Hermann von Jacobi b. 1801 died 1874, St. Petersburg, invented a number of instruments for measuring the electrical resistance - voltagometrom.
In 1895 Russian scientist Alexander Stepanovich Popov demonstrated the device, detector, which was designed to record radio waves generated by the storm front - first radio receiver suitable for the implementation of wireless telegraphy. In 1899, "Popov has designed an improved version of the receiver of electromagnetic waves, where the reception of signals - Morse code - was carried out on the headphones operator - radio operator".

Watch maker, William Brown was dad of Edward Brown, born abt 1819. He was a watch maker, too. Elizabeth Brown maybe was a wife.

On the Clerkenwell district in London:

Izydor Jakub Gudak / Isadore Jacob Gudak / Irving John Good / I. J. or Jack Good b. 1916, a British mathematician who worked as a cryptologist at Bletchley Park with Alan Turing; from a Polish-Jewish family in London. His father Mosheh Oyved / Morris Edward Good or Moshe Oved alias Edward Good b. in Poland in 1885 - 1958, was a watchmaker, artist, sculptor (also from Jacob Epstein and Ben Uri; friend of John Ringling), the owner of a jewelry shop (Cameo Corner in Museum Street near the British Museum; on cameos, antique watches and clocks; Jewish ritual objects), poet, Zionist and the founder of the Ben Uri Society / Ben Uri Gallery / Museum in London, a Yiddish writer, a dealer in antique jewellery. He learnt the trade of a watches ca 1900, but in 1902 or 1903 emigrated to England. Mother Sophia Polikoff. Mosheh Oved / Moshe Gudak in London set up an antique jewellery shop. Sophia Polikoff was born in Russia and came to London at age eight with her parents. Morris and Sophia met in London. The Cameo Corner was founded in 1908 in New Oxford Street (No 1, close to Kingsway Str., and ca 1700 meters to west-south-west of Clerkenwell in London, by the Theobalds Road to the west) by Moshe Oved and in 1939 moved to its permanent home in Museum Street, Bloomsbury (1200 to 1400 meters to the west of Clerkenwell). Cameo Corner was the principal centre for the sale of jewellery in London for the first half of the twentieth century.

In 1902, Vladimir Lenin moved the publication of the Iskra (Spark, issues 22 to 38) to London at 37a Clerkenwell Green. At that time Vladimir Lenin resided on Percy Circus, less than half a mile north of Clerkenwell Green. In 1903 the newspaper was moved to Geneva. Lenin and Stalin met in the Crown and Anchor pub (The Crown Tavern, 50 m east of Lenin 'Iskra') in 1903. But at this time people from 'Duflon and Konstantynowicz' Company and around the Armand family were involved in 'left' activity:
Nikolaj Romanowicz Brilling who elaborated aeroengine with two opposite pistons when acted as chief in DEKA factory (Duflon either Duflou or Dufflon & Konstantynowicz) in Zaporozhye 1916 - 1918; Brilling i.e. Briling, b. 1876, Russian and Soviet expert of aeroengines after completion of the Moscow Polytechnic, twice under arrest due to distribution of Lenin's 'Iskra', 1907 doctor in field of engines.
At least of 10 December 1908 Inessa Armand wanted to attend the First All-Russian Women's Congress in St Petersburg with her sister-in-law, Anna Evgen'evna Konstantinovich / Konstantynowicz / Константинович. Inessa was lover of Lenin since 1909 or 1910, but according to 'Correspondence of Lenin and ... organizations. 1903-1905 years', Volume 3, the first book, we know that Lenin sent a cliche of 'Iskra' / 'Sparks' at Dyuflon / the Duflon office address in Yekaterinburg (p. 332, here also name of Konstantynowicz!) in 1903.
"Inessa Armand. Revolutionary and Feminist" by R. C. Elwood, p.74 - Inessa was on her honeymoon with Lenin who showed up in Copenhagen without his wife Krupska. Inessa spent the time with her sister-in-law Anna Konstantinovich / Константинович, whom she apparently visited in Leipzig during the month of August 1910.

The last of the Breguets, "... looked around for someone suitable to make a partner and continue the Firm after his time. He knew a first-class mechanician in Clerkenwell named Edward Brown, who was induced to go to Paris to look after the factory. Eventually he became a partner, and later the owner and the head of the Breguet Firm. Edward Brown died, aged 66, in 1895, and was succeeded by his two sons Edward and Henry, of whom Edward retired, ... 1920. Thus Monsieur Henry Brown became the Head of Breguet's Firm ... The general information I have gained by consulting certain books such as ... Mr. Hull, of the Firm of Messrs. Le Roy, in London, Mr. Henry Brown ... and his son, Mr. George Brown... Mr. Desoutter, of London, who has made a life- long study of Breguet's work...", acc. to THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES, ,BREGUET 1747 - 1823', BY SIR DAVID LIONEL SALOMONS.
The Brown family and others in Clerkenwell:
James Brown, at 24, Noble-street (south-east, ca 1200 m from Lenin 'Iskra'), Clerkenwell (Barbican) in 1828, and at 3, Newcastle place, Clerkenwell-close (900 m south of Lenin 'Iskra'). The Baume Brothers, Importers of Geneva Watches, at 9, Ashley street, Northampton square, Clerkenwell, and at Aux Bois, Canton of Berne, Switzerland. BROWN Sophia b. 1859 in Clerkenwell, London, parent James Brown.

Antoine-Louis Breguet drove the prestigious business into bankruptcy. "His son, Louis-Clement Breguet, eventually took over. He invented the first electric clocks but decided to leave and concentrate on electric telegraphs and telecommunications. The business was sold to the English watchmaker, Edward Brown".

In 1870 Louis Francois Clement Breguet transferred the leadership of the company to
Edward Brown; he collaborated with Heinrich Ruhmkorff, George Daniels and Professor Thomas Engel,
and he met
Alexander Graham Bell
and obtained a license to manufacture Bell telephones for the French market.

Note on the BREGUET family:

Stanisław II August Poniatowski, King of Poland was brother of Michał Jerzy Ludwik Poniatowski b. 1736 in Gdańsk, d. 1794 in Warsaw;

Michał Jerzy Ludwik Poniatowski was father of Piotr Paweł Jan Maleszewski 1767 - 1828 who married 2nd time to Jeanne Garran de Coulon [see below], but 1st time married to J. Venture de Paradis or Victoire Françoise Venture de Paradise
(see Sulkowski, Venture and Breguet, Duflon, Konstantynowicz at my domain: part 1, 2, 3 - the links below).

First marriage of Maleszewski with a beautiful Victoire Françoise Venture de Paradise, called "Egyptian", the representative of the then "Merveilleuses", gave him a number of concerns. They had a daughter born in Paris in 1794 -
Victoire Clementine, later married Alfred de Laqueuille. In addition, his name wore two daughters of his wife,
Adela Mortier and
Olimpia Chodźko Leonardowa [see below]; after the death of his wife in 1813 he married in 1816 to Jeanne, daughter of an old friend Jean Philippe Garran de Coulon.

Branch from Jean VENTURE d. 1660, Consul de Marseille in 1637; his son Charles de VENTURE sieur de PARADIS; grandson Jean Michel de VENTURE b. 1701 in Marseille;
great-grandsons Jean Joseph de VENTURE and Jean Michel de VENTURE de PARADIS born 1739 Marseille -
his children:

1. Unknown by name de VENTURE de PARADIS married to Jozef Sulkowski / Joseph SULKOWSKI born in 1770 in the Poznan province in Poland - died in 1798 in Cairo / Kair / Caire, Egypt: the friend and aide de camp to Bonaparte,
friend with Muiron, Vivant Denon, Carnot, Augereau, and Bourienne; Captain, was wounded at the Battle of Arcole in November 1796 between French and Austrian forces, southeast of Verona during the War of the First Coalition, a part of the French Revolutionary Wars; shortly before his death, he married one of the daughters of Venture de Paradis, an old military interpreter on the Egyptian expedition; in 1798 in Cairo were murdered General Dupuy, and the Bonaparte's Aide-de-camp Joseph Sulkowski.

Józef Sulkowski gave an accurate description of the attack on the bridge at Arcole in one of his letters, written in French from Italy to a friend in Paris.
The letters were addressed to a Pole, probably Peter Maleszewski,
although it seems strange that they did not mention on General Dabrowski in 1797; the last letter is dated from Sułkowski on August 7, 1797, and informed of the need for a truce with Austria in Leoben; Sulkowski with Maleszewski, known for hostility to Dabrowski and Bonaparte;
his letters are just such a "chronicle of war", his last known letter was sent one month before his murder. Sulkowski arrived in Italy in mid-1796. At first, he was assigned captain; then was one of the five aides of Bonaparte. With him were appointed aides of Bonaparte: Muiron - battalion chief, who was killed at Arcole, and Cpt. Duroc, later General, duc de Friuli and the grand marshal of the palace. From previous nominations were aides: Bonaparte's brother Louis, who later became the King of the Netherlands and the father of Napoleon III, and Marmont, who later became marshal, Duc de Ragusa. The famous company. Reinhard writes in the epilogue of his book about the future of Sulkowski, on his reluctance to gen. Dabrowski and friendship with Maleszewski, based largely on the work of Simon Askenazy. Does not explain the circumstances of the death of Sułkowski in Egypt, maybe not intentionally Bonaparte sent Sułkowski to death. Pierr Maleszewski / Piotr / Peter Maleszewski had a special trust of gen. Bernadotte and when Bernadotte on July 3, 1799 was appointed Minister of War, Maleszewski was his secretary. Bernadotte was close to the Jacobins. When Bernadotte on September 14, 1799 was removed from the Ministry of War, Bonaparte was then in Egypt and returned to France, on October 9, 1799; Zeromski wrote that when riots broke out in Cairo, Bonaparte had only two aides, Croisier and Sulkowski.
Sulkowski come out first. His friend, Venture, tries to stop it; Venture said he looked at Bonaparte's face, at his eyes. Sulkowski: Bad eyes? ... Do not care about me ... Venture: It's not enough. ... Bonaparte ... made by hand ... a secret character. ... This gesture is an absolute command. It is a sign.

Acc. to http://watch-wiki.org/index.php?title=Breguet,_Antoine-Louis/nl:
"Antoine-Louis Breguet was born in Paris on 13 August 1776 and was the son of Abraham-Louis Breguet. He lost his mother at a very young age in 1780, and after the French revolution was sent in 1790 for his safety to England; and here worked with his father's colleague and friend John Arnold on the job of watch making. After his return to France saw his father forced in 1793 to flee to Switzerland; 1795, Abraham and Antoine went back to Paris and he worked in his father's store 'Breguet & Fils'.
On 22 December 1804 Louis-Clement Breguet was born but Louis-Antoine married later with Jeanne Françoise Venture, on 2nd December 1810. In that year was born his daughter Louise Charlotte. Jeanne Françoise Venture was previously married to the economist and Polish historian Piotr / Pierr Maleszewski; she was the daughter of a diplomat in Cairo; the Maleszewski couple was divorced in 1809. Jeanne Françoise died on January 20, 1813, only 38 years old.
On the death of his father, Antoine took over the business and even though he had a good education as watchmaker; slowly but surely, the company fell down; sales and orders were off, and the company ran into financial difficulties. ...".

and 2. Jeanne VENTURE de PARADIS 1774 - 1813 married to
a. Ludwik / Louis MALESZEWSKI with children
Klementyna nee Maleszewska / Clementine MALESZEWSKI married to de LAQUEILLE, and
Olimpia Maleszewska / Olympe MALESZEWSKI married to Leonard CHODZKO b. 1800 - died in 1871;
b. m. 2nd in 1810, Paris to Antoine Louis BREGUET 1776 - 1858 with children:
A. Louis François Clément BREGUET 1804 - 1883 married to Charlotte Eugénie Caroline LASSIEUR 1815 - 1889 with children:
Louise BREGUET 1847-1930,
Antoine BREGUET 1851-1882,
Madeleine BREGUET 1853-1877;
B. Louise Charlotte Clémentine BREGUET 1810 - 1887 married to Dr LIONNET.

Note on Tipperary [more at my domain] in IRELAND:
1.
Thomas Bulkeley O'Meara - wine merchant - b. 1829 in Paris, France, d. 1904 / 1908 in London, England; he was son of John O'Meara - b. 1797 in Borrisokane, Co Tipperary, central part of Ireland, south-west of Dublin; died 1867 in Paris. Thomas Bulkeley O'Meara was {Thomas Bulkeley O'MEARA 1829-1904 married 1855, Paris to Marie Camille BLOT b. 1836} father of Mathilde Camille Marie O'Meara b. 1861; Henrie Marie Bulkeley b. 1857, Charles Louis Thomas b. 1862, John Herbert Lewis b. 1860, and Camille Alfred O'Meara. Camille Alfred O'Meara b. 1858 in Piltown - south-east of Ireland, d. ?; son of Thomas Bulkeley O'Meara and Marie Camille; husband of Rosalee Julia nee Guilloux; from this family was Louis Fançois Marie GUILLOUX, b. 1899 in Saint-Brieuc, France, his father was a socialist activist of 'Proudhonism'; Guilloux befriended the philosophy tutor Georges Palante, an anarchist. Camille Alfred O'Meara was father of Rose Julie Taylor, Harry O'Meara, Charlie O'Meara, Tom O'Meara, Alf O'Meara, Pat and Camille Cammie; half brother of Mathilde Camille Marie O'Meara.
Thomas Bulkeley O'Meara - wine merchant - was half brother of Josephine Camille O'Meara
{Joséphine Camille O'MEARA 1828-1907 married 1853, in Paris to Charles Victor Joseph DUBOIS 1818-1875 with the first child: Marie Eugénie DUBOIS 1858-1903 married to Antoine BREGUET 1851-1882 with children:
Madeleine BREGUET 1878-1900,
Louis BREGUET 1880-1955,
Jacques BREGUET 1881-1939 (SEE: a airplane engines and magneto branches in the Duflon and Konstantynowicz Company).

Madeleine BREGUET 1878-1900: married Jacques Bizet b. 10.07.1872, d. 1922,
his parents:
Georges Bizet b. 25.10.1838 (parents: Adolphe Armand Bizet b. 1810, Aimee Marie Louise Leopoldine Josephine Delsarte b. 1814) and Genevieve Halevy b. 1849; mentioned Georges Bizet / Alexandre César Léopold Bizet, was a French composer (opera 'Carmen')} and Mathihilde O'Meara {Mathilde Pauline Marie O'MEARA b. 1835, married in 1858 to Victor CHEVREUL},
and also:
Anna Elisa O'MEARA 1831-1914 married 1856 to John The Salt King CORBETT 1817-1901;
and Alfred Léon Jean O'MEARA 1834-1899 who married in 1862, Calcutta in India, to Mary Anne PRICE-BROWNE with children:
Walter Alfred O'MEARA 1863-1939 married 1892 to Annie Mary McKinnon GRAVES;
Frederick Arthur O'MEARA 1864-1887,
Anna Beatrice Edith O'MEARA 1865 married 1886, Lahore (Pakistan), to Sir Ernest de BRATH 1858-1933;
Bulkeley Ernest Adolphus O'MEARA 1867-1916 married to Edith HINES;
Marie Alice Emma O'MEARA 1867-1867;
Charles Albert Edmund O'MEARA 1868-1923 married 1900, Umballa (India), to Mabel Katherine HILL;
Florence Agnes Elizabeth O'MEARA 1869 married 1890, Umballa (India), to Herbert WALTON;
Herbert Harry William O'MEARA b. 1873;
Camille Gertrude O'MEARA b. 1877, married in Bombay (India), to Gordon Hay ANDERSON 1877.

Thomas Bulkeley O'Meara was born on the 9th December 1829 in Paris and died at Addison Gardens, London, in 1904; he was secretary of the Cercle Imperial Club in Paris, was a cashier in Salt Manufacturing of his brother-in-law's company at Stoke Prior in England, and finally was a wine merchant;
married to Marie Camille nee Blot.
Parents of above named Thomas Bulkeley O'Meara - wine merchant - b. 1829: John O'MEARA 1797-1867 and Elisabeth Sophie FITZPATRICK 1809-1889.
Acc. to http://gw.geneanet.org: parents of mentioned John O'Meara: Jack O'MEARA and Ann MORAN.

2.
Famous Sidney Reilly was son of George and Pauline Reilly of the Irish town of Clonmel.
Acc. to US records: Father of Sidney, George Reilly come from the Irish town of Clonmel - County Tipperary, southern Ireland by the Tipperary river; west of Waterford and Ballyhale in the east - south Ireland. Pauline or Bridget Reilly wife of Sidney Reilly was from Clonmel, too.

John O'Meara, was a member of the British Diplomatic Corps in Paris and secretary of the Cercle Imperial Club in Paris / Cercle de l'Union 1839 - 1867, was born at Borrisokane, Ireland, 1797. He died in Paris in 1867; married to Elizabeth Sophie Fitzpatrick in 1827 in Paris - she was born in Bordeaux, France, 1809, d. 1889 - Paris, her parents: James Augustin FITZPATRICK and Sophie Marguerite SCHRAEDER;
her children:
1.
Joséphine Camille O'MEARA 1828-1907 married 1853, in Paris to Charles Victor Joseph DUBOIS 1818-1875 with the first child:
Marie Eugénie DUBOIS 1858-1903 married to Antoine BREGUET 1851-1882 with children:
Madeleine BREGUET 1878-1900,
Louis BREGUET 1880-1955,
Jacques BREGUET 1881-1939
(SEE: a airplane engines and magneto branches in the Duflon and Konstantynowicz Company).

Madeleine BREGUET 1878-1900: married Jacques Bizet b. 10.07.1872, d. 1922, his parents:
Georges Bizet b. 25.10.1838 (parents: Adolphe Armand Bizet b. 1810, Aimee Marie Louise Leopoldine Josephine Delsarte b. 1814) and Genevieve Halevy b. 1849; mentioned
Georges Bizet / Alexandre César Léopold Bizet, was a French composer (opera 'Carmen').

Brothers of Madeleine BREGUET were Jacques BREGUET 1881-1939 and Louis BREGUET b. 1880 - Paris, d. 1955 - he married 1902 in Paris, to Nelly GIRARDET born 1881, with children:
Antoine BREGUET b. 1903 married 1st in 1930 to Meryem COLLIER de LA MARLIERE 1904-1943 with 2 children, Antoine BREGUET 2nd married in 1945 to Genevieve GERMAIN-ROBIN; Jacqueline BREGUET 1904-1963; Gilberte BREGUET 1910-1973.

Marie Eugénie DUBOIS b. 1858 at Maisons-Laffitte, d. 1903 - Paris. Her parents: Charles Victor Joseph DUBOIS 1818-1875, and Joséphine Camille O'MEARA 1828-1907, the pupil of Chopin;
above Joséphine Camille O'MEARA, b. 1828 - Paris, d. 1907 - Paris; her parents: John O'MEARA 1797-1867, Elisabeth Sophie FITZPATRICK 1809-1889.
Children of Marie E. Dubois and Antoine Breguet:
1. Madeleine BREGUET 1878-1900 m. 1898, Paris to Jacques BIZET 1872-1922;
2. Louis BREGUET, 1880-1955 m. 1902 to Nelly GIRARDET 1882-1941 with
his children:
a. Antoine BREGUET 1903, m. 1930, Neuilly-sur-Seine, to Meryem COLLIER de La MARLIERE 1904-1942; second time married Antoine BREGUET 1903, to Genevieve de GERMAN-RIBON;
b. Jacqueline BREGUET 1904-1963 m. 1924, Houlgate, to Jacques CHOPIN de La BRUYERE 1897-1956;
c. Gilberte BREGUET 1910-1973 m. 1932 to Robert FENWICK 1909-1959 with 3 children; 2nd married to NN with 2 children; Above Louis BREGUET 1880-1955 married 2nd time to NN with 1 child.
3. Jacques BREGUET, 1881-1939 m. Simone DEVELLE 1887-1963
with children:
a. François René Jean BREGUET 1909-1989;
b. Claude BREGUET 1910-1989 m. Jacqueline JOBIT 1907;
c. Madeleine BREGUET 1912-2002 m. 1934 to Charles DURAND-RUEL 1905-1985.
Marie Eugénie DUBOIS married 2nd in 1897 in Paris to Georges Henri Joseph LYON, 1853 - Paris, Prof. 1884, Faculte de Lille 1908, from Joseph Louis LYON and Madeleine Elisabeth AUBOUR. Copyright by http://gw.geneanet.org/.

Meryem COLLIER de La MARLIERE b. 1904, parents: Leopold COLLIER DE LA MARLIERE, Comte DE LA MARLIERE 1872-1942 and Marguarita POTRON 1874-1950;
father of above Leopold:
Leopold Benedict COLLIER DE LA MARLIERE b. 1840, m. in Spain; grandparents: Antoine COLLIER DE LA MARLIERE 1803-1872 and Amelie JOUVIN 1809-1873; great-grandfather Antoine Isidor COLLIER DE LA MARLIERE 1769-1821, and his father Louis Charles COLLIER DE LA MARLIERE, Marquis DE LA MARLIERE 1733-1799; grandfather Theophile Antoine COLLIER DE LA MARLIERE, Seigneur DE BOISPOUSSIN 1698-1748 (Le Bois Poussin, south of Nangis, south-east of Paris). Theophile Antoine COLLIER DE LA MARLIERE, Seigneur DE BOISPOUSSIN 1698-1748 was born in VOULANGIS, east of Paris.

Jacques CHOPIN de La BRUYERE 1897 in Montauban of the Tarn-et-Garonne 48 km north of Toulouse,
inf. by THURET Daniel at http://www.gen-gen.ch/,
m. 1st Paule ADAM, and
m. 2nd to Jacqueline BREGUET.
His parents: Etienne CHOPIN de LA BRUYČRE 1868-1937 (his parents: Paul Edmond CHOPIN de LA BRUYERE ca 1830 - ca 1905 [his parents: Gabriel CHOPIN de LA BRUYERE 1796-1860 {his parents: Etienne CHOPIN de LA BRUYČRE 1748-1809 Catholic and Marguerite FERRIERE ca 1767-1864} and Marie Aglae de MORIN du SENDAT 1805-1867] and Marie Caroline Amelie SOL 1838-1905) + Helene d'AMBOIX de LARBONT.
2. Thomas Bulkeley O'MEARA 1829-1904 married 1855, Paris to Marie Camille BLOT b. 1836;
3. Anna Elisa O'MEARA 1831-1914 married 1856 to John The Salt King CORBETT 1817-1901.
4. Alfred Léon Jean O'MEARA 1834-1899 married 1862, Calcutta in India, to Mary Anne PRICE-BROWNE
with children:
Walter Alfred O'MEARA 1863-1939 married 1892 to Annie Mary McKinnon GRAVES; Frederick Arthur O'MEARA 1864-1887, Anna Beatrice Edith O'MEARA 1865 married 1886, Lahore (Pakistan), to Sir Ernest de BRATH 1858-1933;
Bulkeley Ernest Adolphus O'MEARA 1867-1916 married to Edith HINES; Marie Alice Emma O'MEARA 1867-1867; Charles Albert Edmund O'MEARA 1868-1923 married 1900, Umballa (India), to Mabel Katherine HILL; Florence Agnes Elizabeth O'MEARA 1869 married 1890, Umballa (India), to Herbert WALTON; Herbert Harry William O'MEARA 1873; Camille Gertrude O'MEARA 1877 married, Bombay (India), to Gordon Hay ANDERSON 1877.
5. Mathilde Pauline Marie O'MEARA b. 1835, married in 1858 to Victor CHEVREUL.

At margin the first note:
O'MEARA, BARRY EDWARD (1783 or 1786 - 1836), surgeon to Napoleon I, born in Ireland in 1786, was the son of Jeremiah O'Meara. Barry was the third of four children of soldier Jeremiah O'Meara and his wife Catherine nee Harpur. Barry Edward O'Meara also known as O'Meara, O'Mara; Dr. Barry Edward O'Meara was born at Newtown House, Blackrock, Dublin, Ireland or he was born in Mallow by the Blackwater River, 34 km north-west of Cork, in the Munster County, Ireland; died in London, England.
Above Jeremiah O'Meara married Kathleen Murphy (Barry Edward's mother was Miss Murphy, sister of Edmund Murphy, M.A. of Trinity College, or it is more likely that she was Catherine nee Harpur). Barry was husband of Theodosia Anna Maria Boughton and Mary O'Meara; father of Edward O'Mara; Dennis O'Mara and Thomas O'Mara. Already by 1819 he was fluent in two foreign languages French and Italian.
O'Meara claimed that his father Jeremiah Meara was born 1736 / 1737; Jeremiah Meara was highly respected officer in the 29th (Worcester) Regiment of Foot; served in North America under the Charles Stanhope, 3rd Earl of Harrington. The 29th Foot regiment left Dublin for Canada in 1765; Jeremiah Meara was storekeeper in Fort Frederick in 1766-1768; was honoured with a special mark of royal favour by George III, who was graciously pleased to grant him a pension for the loyalty during the uprising of the Oak Boys - they were Protestant insurgents in 1763 in Armagh, Tyrone, Derry and Fermanagh against unfair taxes.
Barry Edward O'Meara was founding member of the Reform Club, who accompanied Napoleon to St. Helena and became his physician, having been surgeon on board the Bellerophon when the emperor surrendered himself. At the beginning of 1804 he entered the 62nd Regiment as an assistant surgeon; he served in Egypt under Major General McKenzie Fraser;
he had son Dennis O'Meara; O'Meara's granddaughter, Kathleen O'Meara was a Catholic writer based in Paris. Catherine married mentioned above Jeremiah in 1781 and four children were born, Barry O'Meara being the third of three brothers, the eldest - Hely Fitzpatrick - born in 1782 and Charles Stanhope in 1784; their sister Charlotte was the last of the children.
Above Jeremiah O'Meara was owner of a property in Co. Tipperary - north-east of Cork. See: John O'MEARA 1797-1867 and Elisabeth Sophie FITZPATRICK 1809-1889. John O'MEARA b. 17 March 1797 in Borrisokane, Tipperary; parents of mentioned John O'Meara were Jack O'MEARA b. ca 1770, and Ann MORAN.
Jeremiah O'Meara born 1736/1737 in Dublin maybe, to his father, Tadhg (Thomas) O'Meara, a well-known attorney, and Jeremiah also became an attorney.
Upon Ed Murphy's death, he left half of his estate (including property in Co. Tipperary and a house in Blackrock, just outside of Dublin), to Jeremiah. Jeremiah's father already owned property in both places. Jeremiah set up his law practice in Mallow, Cork, Ireland. Friend of Barry Yelverton, member of parliament; Lord Charlemont, who built a temple in Dublin; Henry Grattan, Member of Parliament, and John Philpot Curran, also a member of Parliament.
Above Thomas owner of Athea estate, in the Limerick County, west-south Ireland; Tadhg (Thomas) O'Meara, esquire, also known as Terence (Terentius) or Thomas, born on the family's farm in Athea. Born ca 1700 / 1710; owner of his County Tipperary estate; a prominent and successful attorney in Dublin; Thomas had a single son, Jeremiah. Thomas was son of William O'Meara - William O'Meadhra was educated, by his father and uncle, at the secret school they held at Carraig an Oifrean in Athea, Co. Limerick. His family had been prosperous during the early part of his childhood, which was spent in Wicklow. Studied Latin and Greek, poetry, mathematics and geometry, history; William O'Meara was a prosperous dairy farmer with lands and tenats. Wicklow - 50 km south of Dublin.
And second note at margin:
Thomas Bulkeley O'Meara - wine merchant - b. 1829 in Paris, France, d. 1904 / 1908 in London, England; he was son of John O'Meara and Elizabeth Sophie. John O'Meara, b. 1797 in Borrisokane, Co Tipperary, central part of Ireland, south-west of Dublin; John died 1867 in Paris. Thomas Bulkeley O'Meara - wine merchant - was half brother of Josephine Camille O'Meara and Mathihilde O'Meara. Thomas Bulkeley O'Meara was born on the 9th December 1829 in Paris and died at Addison Gardens, London, in 1904; he was secretary of the Cercle Imperial Club in Paris, was a cashier in Salt Manufacturing of his brother-in-law's company at Stoke Prior in England, and finally was a wine merchant; married to Marie Camille nee Blot.
Parents of above named Thomas Bulkeley O'Meara - wine merchant - b. 1829: John O'MEARA 1797-1867 and Elisabeth Sophie FITZPATRICK 1809-1889. John O'MEARA married in 1827, Paris to Elisabeth Sophie FITZPATRICK, born 28 October 1809 in Bordeaux, to James Augustin FITZPATRICK and Sophie Marguerite SCHRAEDER.
Parents of mentioned John O'Meara: Jack O'MEARA b. ca 1770, and Ann MORAN.
Why James Augustin FITZPATRICK found himself in France between 1805 and 1809, we do not know.

The genealogy of the Niaudet family:

Alice NIAUDET b. 1839 in Paris, d. 1929, her parents: Prosper NIAUDET and Mathilde LASSIEUR 1813 - 1896; she married in 1862 to Leonce GRENIER b. 1830 in Amiens, Prof. of the l'Ecole Normale and at the lycée Henri IV, his parents: Jean GRENIER and Marie MUROL;
her brother and sister:
Alfred NIAUDET 1835-1883, and Sophie NIAUDET 1837-1907; mentioned here Alfred NIAUDET m. in 1869 to Sophie TASCHEREAU b. 1847, d. 1924 in Fontainebleau; her son Henri NIAUDET 1874-1940 m. Valentine ROUX. Her daughter Mathilde NIAUDET 1875-1966 m. Alfred FUCHS.
Above Sophie NIAUDET m. Marcelin BERTHELOT (Académie des Sciences) from parents: Jacques Martin BERTHELOT 1799-1864 and Ernestine BIARD 1800-1876;
Sophie's children:
Marcel-Andre BERTHELOT 1862-1938 + Léa LEMOINE,
Marie-Helene BERTHELOT 1863-1895 + Georges Henri Joseph LYON,
Juliette BERTHELOT 1864-1928 (Juliette BERTHELOT 1864-1928 = Camille Berthelot 1864 - 1928) + Charles-Victor LANGLOIS,
Daniel BERTHELOT 1865-1927,
Philippe BERTHELOT 1866-1934 Ambassador + Helene LINDER,
and Rene-Jules BERTHELOT 1872-1960 + Jeanne SCHWEISGUTH.

We back to Louis BREGUET b. 1691 from Jonas BREGUET d. 1711, and his wife Suzanne BOLLE; he married in 1713 in Les Verrieres, at the Canton de Neuchatel to Julienne MEURON with child:
Jonas Louis BREGUET 1719-1758 m. to Suzanne Marguerite BOLLE with
a. Abraham-Louis BREGUET 1747-1823 + Cécile L'HUILLIER 1752-1781 with:
Antoine Louis BREGUET, watchmaker 1776-1858;
b. Henri-François BREGUET 1748-1750,
c. Suzanne Marie BREGUET 1750,
d. Henri BREGUET 1752, e. Henriette,
f. Charlotte BREGUET 1756-1840,
g. Marie Louise BREGUET 1759-1797 m. at the Canton de Neuchâtel David LASSIEUR 1759-1796
with son Jonas Louis LASSIEUR 1785-1850.

Above Jonas Louis LASSIEUR b. 1785 in Le Locle, Canton de Neuchâtel, d. 1850 in Paris, watchmaker, married Jeanne Sophie COURBIN born 1787,
with
1. Mathilde LASSIEUR 1813-1896 m. 1834, Paris to Prosper NIAUDET
with
a. Alfred NIAUDET 1835-1883 + Sophie TASCHEREAU 1847-1924 with:
Henri NIAUDET 1874-1940,
Mathilde NIAUDET 1875-1966;
b. Sophie NIAUDET 1837-1907 m. Marcelin BERTHELOT 1827-1907 with:
Marcel-André BERTHELOT 1862-1938,
Marie-Helene BERTHELOT 1863-1895,
Juliette BERTHELOT 1864-1928 (Juliette BERTHELOT 1864-1928 = Camille Berthelot 1864 - 1928),
Daniel BERTHELOT at Académie des Sciences 1865-1927,
Philippe BERTHELOT, Ambass., 1866-1934,
Rene-Jules BERTHELOT 1872-1960;
c. Alice NIAUDET 1839-1929 married Léonce GRENIER;
2. Charlotte Eugenie Caroline LASSIEUR 1815-1889 married to Louis François Clément BREGUET (at the Académie des Sciences) 1804-1883
with:
a. Louise BREGUET 1847-1930 married in 1868, Paris to Ludovic HALÉVY 1834-1908
with:
Élie HALÉVY 1870-1937 and
Daniel HALÉVY 1872-1962;
b. Antoine BREGUET 1851-1882 married to Marie Eugénie DUBOIS 1858-1903
with:
Madeleine BREGUET 1878-1900,
Louis BREGUET (Aviation) 1880-1955,
Jacques BREGUET 1881-1939;
c. Madeleine BREGUET 1853-1877 married Jules Antoine Charles TASCHEREAU 1843-1918 with:
Henriette TASCHEREAU 1873-1955.

Mentioned above Leonce GRENIER / Michel Martin Léonce GRENIER b. 1830, Prof., l'Ecole Normale, lycée Henri IV, his father Jean GRENIER; married Alice NIAUDET b. 1839, from Prosper NIAUDET and Mathilde LASSIEUR 1813-1896.
Now very importance:
Annette CLÉMENCEAU 1895 - 1979, her parents Albert CLÉMENCEAU 1861-1927 + Marthe MEURICE 1863-1955; m. Richard LANGLOIS in 1893 from parents:
Charles-Victor LANGLOIS and Juliette BERTHELOT 1864-1928 (Juliette BERTHELOT 1864-1928 = Camille Berthelot 1864 - 1928).
Dr Paul CLÉMENCEAU 1777-1860 m. Therese JOUBERT 1787-1836, with Dr Benjamin CLÉMENCEAU 1810-1897;
next generation Albert CLÉMENCEAU 1861-1927 m. Marthe MEURICE 1863-1955, her daughter Annette CLÉMENCEAU 1895-1979.
Annette Clemenceau died in 1979 in Meudon, Île-de-France, wife of Richard Langlois-Berthelot and was sister of Lise Clemenceau. Richard Langlois-Berthelot b. 1893 Paris, d. 1974, son of Charles Victor Langlois and Camille Berthelot; was brother of Philippe Langlois Berthelot;
copyright by George J. Homs.

Above Camille Berthelot 1864 - 1928, daughter of Marcellin Berthelot and Sophie Niaudet;
wife of Charles Victor Langlois; mother of Philippe Langlois Berthelot and Richard Langlois-Berthelot; she was sister of Daniel Berthelot; Marcel Andre Berthelot; Marie Helene Berthelot; Philippe Berthelot and Rene Berthelot.
Above Pierre Eugene Marcellin Berthelot 1827 in Paris, d. 1907, his wife Sophie Niaudet;
father of Daniel Berthelot; Marcel Andre Berthelot; Camille Berthelot; Marie Helene Berthelot; Philippe Berthelot; and Rene Berthelot.
Above Sophie Niaudet 1837 - 1907 in Paris, daughter of Prosper Niaudet and Mathilde Lassieur.

The CLÉMENCEAU family:
Emma CLÉMENCEAU 1840-1928,
Georges Le Tigre CLÉMENCEAU 1841-1929, Paul CLÉMENCEAU 1857-1946, and
Albert CLÉMENCEAU 1861-1927 (above mentioned Annette CLÉMENCEAU 1895 - 1979 was his daughter).

Georges CLÉMENCEAU Le Tigre / Georges CLÉMENCEAU, b. 1841 in Mouilleron-en-Pareds, 1893 Clemenceau confined his political activities to journalism; 1894, a French artillery captain, Alfred Dreyfus, was falsely accused of passing secrets to the Germans. 1895, the new Intelligence Chief Georges Picquart, was fed evidence that the spy was actually Esterhazy, who was not a Jew. Georges CLÉMENCEAU took an active part as a supporter of Emile Zola and an opponent of the anti-Semitic and Nationalist campaigns in the Dreyfus case. 1898 Clemenceau published Emile Zola's "J'accuse" on the front page. 1906 appointed Clemenceau as Minister of the Interior, Clemenceau served as the Prime Minister of France from 1906 to 1909, and again from 1917 to 1920.

1883 - Breguet:
The Home Breguet, became a limited company with a capital of three million but was continued without Breguet as its head, because the grandchildren, Louis and Jacques, had only three and two years; following its sale to Edward Brown, his supervisor: electrical machinery and steam, pumps, gears, projectors and lighting equipment, special equipment for marine, underwater mines, etc. House Breguet was absorbed by the company Fives-Lille Gallen, and became apartment buildings, acc. to http://www.geuzeinfo.com/telegraphy.
Louis Charles Breguet was born January 2, 1880 in Paris; he was son and grand-son of physicists, he started the family business in 1907 at Douai (Nord) by building a 'gyroplane', the first rotary wing aircraft, considered the ancestor of the helicopter. He built his first aircraft in 1909, which broke the speed record for 10 km in 1911.
Breguet, Louis François Clément b. Paris, 1804; d. Paris, 1883.
His grandfather, Abraham, from Neuchatel, was one of the best-known clockmakers of Paris; his shop was established ca 1775.
"...Louis's father, Antoine, became Abraham's partner in 1807. After spending some time in Neuchatel with his godfather when he was about eight, Louis was apprenticed to Perrelet, in Versailles, for two years, and then joined his father and grandfather. From 1824 to 1827 he worked with Barral in Geneva, upon his return to Paris worked on naval chronometers. ... Finally, in 1833, the enterprise was organized into a company and turned over to Louis and two other partners, one of whom was a cousin. After 1830 Breguet turned to making electrical instruments, particularly precision apparatus. His first electric clocks date from 1839. ... Work on induced currents with Antoine Masson in 1842 ... in 1843 Breguet created, for François Arago, an apparatus with a revolving mirror ... in 1876 Cornelius Roosevelt, representing Bell in Paris, put the Breguet firm in charge of setting up the French telephone system...".

Jeanne Maleszewska nee Garran de Coulon, was daughter of Jean-Philippe Garran / Jean-Philippe Garran de Coulon / Jean Philippe GARRAN DE COULON who was b. April 10, 1749 or 29/04/1749
(born in Saint-Maixent on 19 April 1748), died on 10/12/1816 in PARIS - FRANCE (or 19-11-1816 / December 19, 1816); he was a French politician, was born in HAUTE-SAÔNE - FRANCE; Secretary of Henrion de Pansey in Paris; lawyer in 1789; member of the legislative in 1791; member of the Institute.
Jean Philippe Garran de Coulon, lawyer in Paris.
Jean Philippe Garran de Coulon took part in the agitation preceding the meeting of the States General and was elected alternate member of the Third Estate of Paris. Member of the first and the second Paris Commune, he directed the Research Committee - the police, and presented the insurrection on 14 July 1789 as the member of conspiracy.
Maleszewski Piotr had known J. P. Garran de Coulon,
who had daughters:
1. Jeanne Françoise Félicité GARRAN de COULON;
2. Félicité-Françoise GARRAN DE COULON.

Jan Chodźko
(he was son of Jozef / Joseph CHODZKO 1723-1782, and Konstancja BUJNICKA - they had children:
1.
Ludwik Tadeusz Chodzko / Louis Thadee CHODZKO, 1769-1843, married to Waleria DEDERKO with son Leonard CHODZKO, 1800-1871 who married to Olympe MALESZEWSKI / Olimpia Maleszewska;
see - Sulkowski and on the Venture of Paradise, the Breguet family and Duflon - Konstantynowicz Company!
2.
above Jan CHODZKO 1776-1851 m. Klara KORSAK, d. 1852, with son
Alexandre CHODZKO 1802-1891)
1776-1851 m. above named Klara Korsak 1770-1852.

Jan Chodzko / Jan Borejko Chodźko (1776 in Wilno, died 1851 - Minsk), was the father of
Jozef Chodzko / Joseph (see below), the Russian general, surveyor and geographer;
Alexander / Aleksander Borejko Chodźko (1804 in Krzywicze, died 1891 in Noisy-le-Sec), poet, orientalist and Slavist, a professor at the College of France;
Stanislas, chemist; and
Michel Chodźko, Polish poet.

Above Aleksander Borejko Chodźko / Alexandre Chodzko m. Helene Dunin de Jundzvill / Helena Jundzill (born 1822) in 1847 with son
Victor Chodzko 1848-1931, m. in 1876 to Marie BALDASSARI, 1852-1923;
his grandson was Alexandre CHODZKO 1881-1925, m. in 1913 to Jenny Odette TOURNOIS, 1893-1981, with great-grandson Michel CHODZKO, 1915-2002.

Above Joseph Chodzko / Józef Boreyko Chodźko or Khodzko / Ходзько Иосиф Иванович, born 1800 in Krzywicze, ex-the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, died in 1881 in Tiflis / Tbilisi, a General-topographer and Polish geographer. He stayed in Paris in 1843, where he met Adam Mickiewicz and his three brothers: Alexandre, Michel and Stanislas, and his cousin Leonard - all Polish nationalists.

Louis Antoine b. 1851 d. 1882, was the last of the Breguet family to run the business.

So he took on noted English watchmaker Edward Brown of Clerkenwell to look after the Paris factory. London-born Edward Brown became the factory manager, his partner - 1870 - and, after Breguet's death, the owner and head of the company. His sons Edward and Henry Brown headed the firm into the 20th century. By Michael Weare at http://clicktempus.com/turning-points-in-time-breguet: under Brown and his descendants, Breguet remained a niche Parisian watchmaking boutique for the next century. Edward Brown died in 1895, and was succeeded by his

two sons Edward and Henry, of whom Edward retired in 1920.

Thus Henry Brown became the Head of Breguet's Firm. The watching making firm continues to market itself under the name of 'Breguet'. The electrical instrument business trades first under the name of

'Breguet fabricant' and from 1881 - 'Maison Breguet'. The Brown family owned the Breguet watch brand for 100 years, five years longer than the Breguets. The complicated watches were built by the

Joux Valley's leading watchmakers

including the Victorin Piguet workshops.

1881 'Maison Breguet' that is Maison Breguet SA was the name given to the Breguet family business after it had sold off to Edward Brown in 1870 and reorganized by 1881. It manufactured electrical instruments, telegraphs, telephones, and industrial engines. It continued to operate in Paris until 1898 when its factories were moved to an industrial area in northern France, acc. to http://dssmhi1.fas.harvard.edu/emuseumdev/
Address: 1881 at 81, boulevard Montparnasse in Paris, next at rue Didot in Paris, and after 1898 in Douai.
Louis Charles Bréguet, 1880 - 1955, was a famous French aviator, airplane designer, and industrialist, engineer, pilot, acc. to http://perso.wanadoo.fr. Louis Charles Breguet, his great-grandfather Abraham Louis Breguet. In 1905, Louis, his brother Jacques and Charles Robert Richet began construction of a gyroplane - prototype helicopter. 1907 the prototype made its first vertical take-off the pilot to a height of 50 cm. In 1905, he received an engineering degree, and the brothers began working in the family business for the production of electric motors and dynamos machines. Louis Clement decided to switch to the telegraph and communications.

Antoine Louis Breguet, Ecole Polytechnique, specialist of an electric motors, led the Breguet House, rue Didot; died very young, when Louis was only two years. Louis Breguet, an engineer at the Douai plant of Breguet House, interested in flying machines, assisted by Professor Charles Richet, a friend of his father, and by his brother Jacques, born in 1882; he went to work at the electrical engineering firm of his father, chief engineer of the Breguet House; in 1909, he learned to fly himself, acc. to: http://www.mae.ncsu.edu. In 1905 he was working gyroplane on a project.

Above named

Louis Charles Breguet b. 1880 in Paris died 1955,

was a French aircraft designer and builder, one of the early aviation pioneers. In 1902, Louis married Nelly Girardet, the daughter of

painter Eugene Girardet.

In 1905, with his brother Jacques, and Charles Richet, he began work on a

gyroplane / helicopter. In 1912, Breguet constructed his first hydroplane.
Louis-Clement's grandsons,

Louis and Jacques Breguet

were France's aircraft pioneers, from the 1917 'Breguet 14' fighter-bomber helped turn the tide of war on the western front. Louis Breguet was one of the co-founders of Air France in 1933.
Engineer Louis Franzevich Dyuflon / L. Duflon, a Swiss 'Breguet' Company representative (he was very young, only aged 23), was Stefan Drzewiecki friend (the Polish family from the Volhynia government), and circa 1884 was searching of the structure of a dromoskop. Dyuflon sometimes was invited to have breakfast with Drzewiecki. Drzewiecki (Drzewiecki Stephane lived after in France: 5, rue Gustave-Zede, Paris) occupied luxury apartment in the house No 6 at Admiralty Seaside. In the evenings, the usual Drzewiecki guests were brothers
Paul and Peter Solomonovich Martynov (Lyubov Orlova-Denisova married to Nikolai Trubetskoy, she b. 1828, d. 1860. Her brother Fedor / Fiodor born 1802 or 1806 with wife from the

Nikitin family.

Sister of above Lyubov nee Orlova-Denisova married Trubetskoy: Nadiezda / Nadjezda / Nadine Orlov-Denisov married to

Michael / Michail Andreevich Katenin,

he born ? and died before 1868, Major-General, ataman Orenburg Cossacks - his parents: father Andrew / Andrej Katenin 'youngest' b. 1768 and d. 1835, wife - Irina Lermontov. His grandfather Fedor Katenin and his great-grandfather Ivan Nikitich Katenin d. 4 December 1723. Mother of above named Michail Andreevich Katenin - Irina Lermontov / Lermontow b. 1771 d. 1818. His brother Alexander A. Katenin, b. 1800 Kluseevo or Polovtsov in 1803 with wife Barbara I. Vadkovsky from Jan Wadkowski family. Above Michael / Michail Andreevich Katenin daughters: Mary or Maria
[Prince Nikolaoz / Nikolai Ilyich Gruzinski b. 7th August 1844, Governor of Vilno 1899 and Vice-Governor 1896 - 1899,

married in 1868 to Princess Maria Mikhailovna Katenin

- daughter of Colonel Mikhail Andreivitch Katenin, and Countess Nadejda Vasilievna, second daughter of General Count

Vasili Vasilievitch Orlov-Denissov.

He d. 1916, having two sons and four daughters: Prince Mikeli / Mikhail Nikolaievitch Gruzinski, b. 1886, a govt. official in Minsk in 1914, m. daughter of

Ivan Bzhozovskii / Jan Brzozowski;

Princess Mariami / Maria Nikolaievna, first wife of Andrei Alexeivitch Tregubov; Princess Nadina Nikolaievna / Nadejda Nikollaievna, married second time to

Lieutenant-General Alexei Mikhailovitch Kauffman, cdt. Grodno Hussars of the Guard, third son of General Mikhail Petrovitch Kauffmann, Engineer-General of Russia, d. at Warsaw, 30th October 1901;

Princess

Anastazia / Anastasia Nikolaievna Gruzinskaya,
1917 - she emigrated to Dvinsk / Daugavpils in Latvia,
where she participated in the Greek-Catholic movement]
and Sofia d. 1908 married Martynov. At margin: Martynov Dmitry M. born 1760 and his brother Martynov Solomon Mikhailovich b. 1774, d. 1839 or after 1840; a wife of above Martynov Solomon Mikhailovich: Elizabeth M. Tarnovskaya / Elzbieta Tarnowska daughter of ?, Polish - but we know only Michal Tarnowski b. 1782 d. 1831 and his parents Jan Jacek Tarnowski b. 1729 and Rozalia Czacka - she b. 1783, d. 1851; her children: Nikolai Martynov Solomonovich 1815 / 1816 - 1875 / 1876 who in 1841 killed Lermontov in a duel, his family related to Kolirovsky and Romeiko - Hurko (Polish); Michael Solomonovich 1814-60;

Ekaterina Martynova Solomonovna

married Rzewska (Polish) / Rzhevskij Michal; Dmitry Martynov Solomonovich b. 1824 and died 1909; Elizabeth; Natalia b. 1819; Julia married Gagarin, b. 1821; also Pawel and Peter Solomonovich Martynov - friends of Stefan Drzewiecki, Polish nobleman but about Pawel and Peter no any inf.; above named Sofia d. 1908 and married ca 1880 to Viktor Martynov / Wiktor Martynow b. 1858 d. 1915 -

his father, Nikolai Martynov Solomonovich b. 1816

and his grandparents: Solomon M. Martinov and Elizabeth M. Tarnovskaya b. 1783),
engineer Breguet (Louis Antoine Breguet that is Antoine Breguet b. 1851 - died 1882, was engineer and his son

Louis Charles Breguet b. 1880, d. 1955, was aircraft manufacturer

and was a French aircraft designer and builder, one of the early aviation pioneers who - in 1905, with his brother Jacques Breguet - began work on a

gyroplane, the forerunner of the helicopter,

with flexible wings - like Igor Sikorsky and prof. Bothezat; Jacques Bréguet that is probably Mr Breguet who was the

engineer of 'Dyuflon and Konstantynowicz', company representative, Swiss citizen and friend of Stefan Drzewiecki;

Louis and Jacques Breguet, of the famous clock- and watch-making family, were interested in aviation from an early age and on 19 September 1907, they, in cooperation with Professor Charles Richet, created the first helicopter),

Dyuflon,

botanist professor Poiret / Poireau / Poirot,

K. E. Makovsky (Konstantin Yegorovich - that is son of Георгий or Юрий - Makovsky, b. Moscow in 1839 and died in Petrograd / St Petersburg on 30 Sept. 1915, painter, 1891 had become a member of the newly formed

'St Petersburg Society of Artists'),

and the pretender to the Serbian throne, prince Karageorgievich, who formerly served in the French Foreign Legion (Arseny Karageorgievich b. 1859, d. 1938, who served until 1916 at the Russian military; the son of Serbian Prince Alexander Karadjordjevic and Princess Persia; was educated in Paris lycee and graduated from the 2nd Konstantinovskoye Military College in 1888; wife 1891/2 - 1896 of above Arseny Aleksandrovich Karageorgievich / Arseny prince Karageorgievich: Aurora Pavlovna Demidova di San Donato, b. 15 November 1873, Kiev; her mother Helena Petrovna nee Troubetzkoy, b. 1853 and married to Pavel Pavlovich Demidov; her grandfather

Peter Nikitich Troubetzkoy born 1826, her great-grandfather Nikita Petrovich Trubetskoy, b. August 18, 1804;

her great - great-grandfather Peter S. Troubetzkoy b. 1760 died 1817; her great-great - great-grandfather Sergei Troubetzkoy Nikitich b. 1731 died 1812).

In 1892, Swiss citizen,

L. F. Dyuflon / Duflon built in St. Petersburg plant for the production of electrical equipment

and opened in St. Petersburg 'Electrical studio'. In the same year 1892 he concluded a cooperation agreement with Moscow businessman of the

Breguet Company branch

- A. Konstantinovich / Apollon (Apollo, Palemon, Apolon) Konstantynowicz / Константинович son of Wasyl / Wasilij Константинович, the owner of the technical office.

Together they take on more complex projects, and soon

the company taken the first military orders.

Since 1896 the enterprise was owned by trading house, after by co-operatives and in 1901 it was transformed into a corporation.

1895

The third company in Russia in terms of the electronic products supply. Created 8 June 1901 by converting the firm 'Dyuflon and Konstantynowicz' (Дюфлон, Константинович и Ко., ДЕКА) based in 1892. Founded in 1893 as a factory of electrical installations by 'Dyuflon and Konstantynowicz / Константинович'.

Founders: Swiss citizen of French origin, Louis Edward Anton Dyuflon / Дюфлон, his Swiss friend
Yu Dizeren

(Jean Dizerens or Disserens / Diserens / diSerens from Switzerland; they were aristocrats who fled from Paris to Switzerland - Cully in Vaud, Lutry and Lousanne - during the Fr. Revolution, where they first settled in Lutry;

they were originally Italian noble family with last name diSerens or Diserens.
Also L'Abbaye, is a municipality in the canton of Vaud, Switzerland, town from where the Breguet family came to Paris; around 30 km north - west of Lausanne.

The father of above Louis Edward Anton Dyuflon / Luis Edouard / Louis Eduard Anton Duflon / Lun Eduard Anton Duflon, who was born 1861, a Swiss citizen - was probably Francis Dyuflon / Frances Duflon / François Louis DUFLON b. approx. 1824 (1831 ?). His wife was Jeanne Louise Susanne CUÉNOUD born 1826; her next of kin from families: Mercanton, Jenny, Milliquet. Her parents: François-Louis CUÉNOUD and Jeanne-Françoise CHAMPRENAUD (Jeanne-Françoise CHAMPRENAUD b. 29.03.1792 in Grandvaux, the Vaud province in Suisse; died in 1864). Mother of Jeanne-Françoise CHAMPRENAUD: Jeanne-Louise RICCARD was born approx. 1757. Father of above Jeanne-Françoise CHAMPRENAUD: Jean Pierre Champrenaud. Father of above François-Louis CUÉNOUD: Jean David Cuenoud (Jean-David CUÉNOUD born 24.09.1774 in Grandvaux, Vaud province, Suisse and died on 13.02.1816 in Lutry, canton of Vaud, Suisse; maried to Jeanne Abetel on 14 August 1795 in Lausanne of Vaud province in Suisse).

Riex from Lutry 5 km distance only and east of Lausanne, 10 km.

The Duflon family nest in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland is to the west of Lausanne: Aubonne and Morges, where Duflon family was living in the 17th cent. - 18 km west of Lausanne.

The DUFLON family 1745 - 1815 was living in Riex of the Vaud province / Vaud canton, Switzerland / Suisse.
CHAMPRENAUD in 1748 also was living in Riex, Switzerland / Suisse. Riex close to Lavaux in Switzerland. CHAMPRENAUD in 1822 was living in Villette close to Lutry, too.

CUÉNOUD in 1774 in Grandvaux close to Lutry and Riex.

Disserens / Diserens / diSerens from Switzerland in Cully in the Vaud province, Lutry and Lousanne.

Marie Elisabeth DUFLON b. 1690 in Riex, District de Lavaux and married in 1714 in the Canton de Vaud. The Duflon surname has ancienne origin: de Fluvio. Surname DEMONTET dit TAVERNEY in 1646 was in Corsier sur Vevey of District de Vevey in Canton de Vaud. The DEMONTET family was near by DUFLON in 17th century. Barbara or Varvara Demonet or maybe DEMONTET from Vaud province was daughter of Carl de Monet's that is DEMONTET or Charles Demonets / Monnette or Demonsi.

Villette in the Vaud province. Cully is near to Riex. Villette or Lavaux close to Lutry and Cully. All on east of Lutry and east of Lausanne / Lozana. Vaud is the third largest of Swiss cantons by population and fourth by size. It located in the French-speaking western part of the country.
See http://www.gen-gen.ch/CUÉNOUD-CHAMPRENAUD/Jeanne-Fran%c3%a7oise/1232358)

and Moscow engineer A. V. Konstantynowicz / Константинович. In December 1895 they bought land in Lopukhinsky Park in St. Petersburg to build its own plant.

Lots of houses No 7 and 8 at Pavlov Street (Lopukhinsky road or lane Lopukhinsky in 1887 has got a common name, Lopukhinsky Street) in St Petersburg in 1895 bought L. F. Dyuflon / Duflon / Louis Edward Anton Dyuflon and his companions Y. K. Dizeren / Yu Dizeren and (inf. about first names, father's name of Apollo(n) Константинович and middle names need to be check, on Yu = Y. K., L. F. = Louis Edward, A. = A. V. / A. W.) A. V. (A. W.) Konstantynowicz / A. Konstantynowicz for the electrical company (since 1922 the Petrograd State Machine-Building Plant 'Electric'; in 1923, the factory designed the first Soviet welding generator).

The site houses No 9 and 12 Pavlov Street got the Prince of Oldenburg.

The house No 14 in 1909 - 1910: factory building for 'The Russian Society of the wireless telegraph and telephone', in 1923 created Central Radio Laboratory - here was located the center of the main domestic radio industry (L. Mandelstam, N. Papaleksi, D. Rozhanskii, V. P. Vologdin).

A note dated September 21, 1895 from the Ministry guarantees that the plant 'will be to have a free hand for quick ... execution of its most difficult and painstaking work...'.
Domestic firm 'Dyuflon and Konstantynowicz' (Константинович) which was a representative of the French 'Sautter and Harle', under a contract of December 4, been making 11 sets of electric winches for battleship's elevators and to additional elevator for 'Rurik', winches ordered directly to firm 'Sautter and Harle' (the 'Rurik'-I keel was laid in the Baltic Works in St. Petersburg, May 19, 1890).
Fuller was an order given in March 1905 to the company 'Dyuflon, Konstantynowicz and Co.' immediately by 24 portable electric fans of 300 m / hr. 'Navarin' / Наварин, based on the British Trafalgar-class battleship, was built in St. Petersburg, 1889 to 1896;
in September 1893, as planned 'Duflon and Konstantynowicz' factory was appointed date of move of 'Navarino' to Kronstadt for completion of equipment and accessories.
To build a 'Громобой' / 'Stormbreaker' ship in the new dock of the Baltic plant started on June 14, 1897, and on December 7 of that year this new cruiser called 'Gromoboi' was enrolled in the fleet; guns delivered from the Obukhov plant, and a winches from 'Dyuflon and Konstantynowicz company'.

1896

In December 1896 at Lopukhinsky Street in St Petersburg, now - Academic Pavlov Street No 8, opened the first-born in St. Petersburg electrotechnical industry, the electromechanical plant facilities owned joint-stock company 'Dyuflon, Konstantynowicz and Co.' (Дюфлон, Константинович и Ко., ДЕКА), a large role in which played the French capital. The 'Duflon, Konstantynowicz and Co.' office was situated at Aptekarski Ostrov in St Petersburg, now Saint Petersburg State Electrotechnical University is also located on the island. The Lopukhinsky road or lane Lopukhinsky in 1887 has got a common name, Lopukhinsky Street, also found writing Lapuhinskaya; lots of houses No 7 and 8 in 1895 bought the L. F. Dyuflon and his companions Y. K. Dizeren and A. Konstantynowicz / Константинович for the electrical company. Alexander Stepanovich Popov, pioneer in the invention of the radio was associated with the island; on March 24, 1896, he demonstrated transmission of radio waves between different buildings in St Petersburg and he demonstrated ship-to-shore communication over a distance of 6 miles in 1898.
From the report of the Vologda city council member, F. N. Ovechkin, we know about question on the electric lighting in the city of Vologda in 1896 when the owners of the electromechanical plant of 'Dyuflon and Konstantynowicz', addressed to the Chief of the province a proposal to build in the city of Vologda electric lighting.
Nelly Bogorad in a newspaper 'The St. Petersburg Rush Hour' in 2002 was writing 'The Case Dyuflon will live': "In December last year the plant, 'Electric', the sources of which were enterprising Frenchman and a Pole, created in 1896 by joint-stock company 'Dyuflon and Konstantynowicz', has got 105 years old. But the big date, ... at the company was not mentioned. ... It was the culmination of a period of confrontation of the two shareholder groups, each pursuing its own interests. ... Both groups of shareholders began buying shares in the factory ... in the course of privatization got a 60 % stake. ... Member of the Board of Directors of JSC 'Plant Electric' Andrey Stepanenko, representing a major shareholder, ... explained why he and his colleagues have undertaken to preserve the enterprise. ... As noted by Mr. Stepanenko, ... is not more than four years to modernize and reconstruct capital assets, depreciation is not less than 70 - 80 % ... and Mr. Stepanenko and his comrades are waiting for the expansion of welding equipment in the U.S., Germany, Sweden and Finland".

1897

Founders: Swiss citizen of French origin, Louis Edward Anton Dyuflon, his friend Swiss Yu Dizeren and Moscow engineer A. V. Konstantynowicz / Константинович. In December 1895 they bought land in Lopukhinsky Park in St. Petersburg to build its own plant with name 'Duflon, Konstantynowicz, Dizeren and Co'. In 1901 it was transformed into a corporation.
Service of lighting in Irkutsk proposed 'Erikson' and the firm 'Duflon, Konstantynowicz', the Russian electric company 'Union' and General Electric Company and other contractors but on December 10, 1901 City Council received an offer from the Universal Company.

The new plant, received the name 'Plant of the electromechanical Structures', was opened 14 December 1896.

At the beginning of 1897 the company was renamed in partnership, and in 1901 the plant has been transformed into joint-stock company 'Dyuflon, Konstantynowicz & Co.' (DECA), with a capital of 750 thousand rubles.

1901

The third company in Russia in terms of the electronic products supply. Created 8 June 1901 by converting the firm 'Dyuflon and Konstantynowicz' based in 1892. Founded in 1893 as a factory of electrical installations by 'Dyuflon and Konstantynowicz'.

The new plant, received the name 'Plant of the electromechanical Structures', was opened 14 December 1896.

DEKA founded in 1901 on 08 June, as the transformation of the company Duflon and Konstantinovich / Константинович, which was founded in 1892 by Luis Edouard son of Frances Duflon / Louis Eduard Anton Duflon son of Francis Dyuflon or Lun Eduard Anton Duflon, born 1861, a Swiss citizen and Polish engineer - technologist Apollon W. Konstantinovich, the Russian citizen. In December 1895 they bought the land in Lopuchinski Park in St. Petersburg. This factory was opened December 14, 1896. At the beginning of 1897 the factory turned into the Association and soon the 'Deca' began to receive government contracts, in particular for electrical equipment for naval artillery.
Louis E. Dyuflon was graduated of Zurich Polytechnic and starting as an engineer at the factory of electrical products, he soon became the official representative of the French electrical company of Breguet / Brown in Russia, where he met with the engineer Apollo Konstantinovich / Константинович - a representative of the same company in Moscow. Edward Brown from London became a partner, and later the owner and the head of the Breguet Firm; Edward Brown died, aged 66, in 1895, and was succeeded by his two sons Edward and Henry, of whom Edward retired in 1920.
In 1901, the 'Deca' plant becomes a joint stock company DEKA. Capital 750 thousand rubles. In 1913 radio - agreement with French company SFR and it becomes a branch ot the SFR in Russia.

In the second half of 1901 Беклемишев, Михаил Николаевич / Beklemishev, Michael N. was sent to Paris for equipment to Russian submarines with co-operation with Duflon and Konstantynowicz Company: a main engine - petrol four-cylinder engine of the Otto-Deyts 160 hp, it was enough fuel reserves to 30 hours. The motion of the water provided the electric motor of 70 hp and battery power capacity of 1900 Ah and were made in Philadelphia, USA. Equipment ordered factory 'Dyuflon and Konstantynowicz' from St. Petersburg. The submarine torpedo boat No 113 was built during the winter 1901 and summer 1902. However, the assembly of the battery to plant 'Dyuflon' delayed until late autumn, did not meet the contractual terms (accumulators and batteries were manufactured in 'Deka' plant after 1908); 1903 - it was finished making the submarine motor.

Above Беклемишев, Михаил Николаевич / Beklemishev, Michael N. was born on September 26, 1858 in the Alexinsky district of Tula province. 1879 graduated from the Technical College of the Navy Department, next taught at the School of Mine, graduated from the mechanical department of the Naval Academy. 1901 Горюнов Иван Семёнович / I. Goryunov, I. G. Bubnov and Beklemishev performed work on the development of mechanisms of weapons and electronics. Beklemishev was sent to the United States. In 1935 he was arrested by Soviets again and released. Gorjunov Ivan Semenovich b. 1869, scientist, naval military educator, designer of the mechanical part of the first Russian submarine 'Dolphin', Major-General. His son Nikolai Goryunov b. 1890, 1920-1927 the chief engineer of the ship's port of Sevastopol, was arrested in 1929 and executed in 1930.

Also tests of the Valentin Vologdin radio oscillator at the battleship 'Andrew' was successful; Marine Office was made an order for another twenty radio stations, which include a new power supply antennas. Order execution was entrusted to the plant by 'Dyuflon, Konstantynowicz and Co.' for twenty ships. All of them are installed on warships of the Navy, have shown high efficiency.

1904 - 1907

The beginning of a Duflon Company in Switzerland and France in 1904 (L. F. Dyuflon from 1908 resided in Switzerland). Within a few months in Russia and in 1901 / 1907 the beginning of the DEKA Joint Stock Society (Duflon, Konstantynowicz & Company JSC). In this years a business started to operate in Aleksandrovsk / Zaporoze when DEKA JSC bought land in order to changeover of activity (see December 1915) in 1907 at address: Zaporozje, Motorostroitelej 15. On 15 November 1907 the City Council of Alexandrovsk allocated land for the construction of the brothers Moznaim / Moznaimov iron foundry and machine factory but this factory was bought by joint-stock company 'Deca' from Moznaimov in 1915 and reconstructed for the production of aircraft engines; today, the 'Motor Sich', one of the most famous in the global avia industry (the Dyuflon and Konstantynowicz Company manufactured Salmson engines, Gnome, Ron - a production under license and by 1917 the production of the engines in all Russia reached 700 per month; about 250 were collected from the western parts; the Decka Company began to produce engines in 1913). Until December 1915 it made agricultural machinery and tools to perform different machining, cast iron and copper.

The "Credit Lyonnais" Bank in Geneva has got records, assessments and accounts for the Swiss country with reference number DEEF 30136 relating to "Duflon, Konstantynowicz & Company", that is "Company of the Electromechanical Factories of Constructions" called DEKA of 1904 - 1916; researched in 1921.

The DEKA Company produced agricultural machineries and tools, various machines, a cast iron; the factory in 1907 - 1911 (iron foundry) cast copper pieces and iron equipment. Ukraine organized a Celebration Committee in 2007 on the occasion of the one hundred anniversary of the "Motor Sich" Company / DEKA Joint-Stock Company.

The joint stock company 'Duflon and Konstantynowicz' from St Petersburg and Moscow was co-property of our Mscislau branch of the male-line descendants of Dominik Konstantynowicz and our old ancestry:

Apollon (Apollo, Apellon) Wasylewicz Konstantynowicz / Константинович who b. ca 1862 - son of Wasilij Константинович / Wasyl Konstantynowicz who was born ca 1840. The wife of Apollon was Anna Armand, oldest - Anna nee Armand was born on 19 August 1866 in Moscow - daughter of Evgenii / Eugeniusz Armand - Eugene born about 1842.

Wasilij / Wasyl Constantinowitz / Konstantynowicz, was general of the Russian Army,

and Leon Bakst (1866 - 1924) is our far kinsman: his relatives, families Tretyakov, Barsak, Klyachko and Manfred. His grandfather Baxter, probably English (mother side), acc. to http://www.leon-bakst.com/ - Collection Constantinowitz. Leon Bakst always lived with his family in St. Petersburg. Leon Bakst had two sisters, Sophia and Rose, and brother Isaiah.

April 28 in 1866 Leon Bakst was born in Grodno. His grandfather was a tailor in Paris and ca 1876 came to Russia, to St Petersburg. In 1878 Leon Bakst won a drawing contest at school and after he decid to leave college. When his grandfather died, his parents divorced. Kanaev, his friend, found him a job with Albert Benois, Alexandre Benois, K. Somov, W. Vroubel, D. Filosofov and his cousin S. Diaghilev. Alexandre Benois has friend - Count Benkendorf; Count put him in touch with Gran Duke Vladimir; Duke was President of the Imperial Academy of Fine Arts. 1903 Leon Bakst married L. Gricenko, widow of a painter, the daughter of P. Tretyakov. 1914 thanks to Count D. Benkendorf's support, Leon Bakst was elected as a member of the Academy of Fine Arts.
Above Dmitry A. Benkendorf / Benkendorf, Dmitriy Alexandrovich / Mita, born 1845, died 1917 or 1919; in 1910 became chairman of Academy of Fine Arts. State Councillor; in 1882-94 Secretary of the Embassy in Berlin, and later a member of the Council of the Russian Bank for Foreign Trade, the 'Russian Society of Sea, River ... and warehouses', 1903 - the Mariupol Mining and Metallurgical Society; amateur painter, graphic artist. His brother, Alexander, 1848-1915, Lieutenant General. Note on the family of Dmitry Benckendorf / Dmitriy Benkendorf (Mita) born in 1845. Benkendorf Dmitriy Alexandrovich nickname Mita, died 1917. His brother, Alexander Alexandrovich Benckendorf, 1848 - 1915, was lieutenant-general. We now check data on his father: 1. ? they were sons of Alexander Benckendorf (1819 - 1849), the Guard lieutenant. Portrait of Steuben. 2. or they were next of kin with the Nikolai Kropotkin: his brother Peter D. Kropotkin; from Peter / Pyotr Kropotkin, b. 1771 d. 1826 and Praskovja A. Gagarin b. 1770 d. 1850, were children: 1800 - Tatiana Kropotkin Musin-Pushkin, 1801 - Dmitry Petrovich Kropotkin, 1802 - Nicholas P. Kropotkin and 1805 - Alexei Petrovich Kropotkin died 1871 - father of famous theorist of anarchism. Near by to the Benkendorf family! Children of above named Dmitrij / Dmitry Kropotkin: 1826 Peter D. Kropotkin, 1830 Nikolai Kropotkin next of kin with Benkendorf and 1832 Ivan D. Kropotkin.

We remember about Weimar Orest E., b. 1845 died in 1885, prominent physician in St. Petersburg, populist, organized the escape of Kropotkin from prison in 1876 acc. to 'Notes of a revolutionary' by Kropotkin; he was arrested in 1879 and sentenced to 15 years in prison; he died in prison at Kara; his wife Victoria Konstantynowicz daughter of Jan / Ivan Konstantinovich / Konstantynowicz;
Wiktoria - she was b. 1846 and died in 1899/1900.

Prince Peter Kropotkin b. 1842, Moscow, died 1921; theorist of anarchism, a historian, from princes of Smolensk province, his father, Prince Alexei Petrovich Krapotkin (1805 - 1871), Major General, owned estates in the three provinces; his mother, Catherine N. Sulima was a direct descendant of Cossacks Ataman - Ivan Sulima. Above Alexei Petrovich Kropotkin, b. 1805 and his father Pyotr Kropotkin b. 1771 and mother Praskovja A. Gagarin b. 1770.
Pyotr Kropotkin b. 1771, has father Nikolai Alexeyevich Kropotkin b. 1742 d. 1795,
and grandfather Alexey Kropotkin.

We back to the Benckendorf or Benkendorf family:
Alexander Benkendorf (1800 - 1873) in 1826, retired with the rank of lieutenant of the Guards, settled in Vinogradov, in 1859 bought the oil mines on the Apsheron Peninsula near Baku, founded the oil company 'Benckendorf', in 1865 he was in Moscow; his children:
a. Maria Benckendorf b. 1833 d. 1887 - her husband Nikolai Kropotkin b. 1830 and his brothers Peter D. Kropotkin 1826, and Ivan D. Kropotkin 1832; and her child Dmitri Kropotkin, b. 1857 d. 1902.
b. Above Alexander Benkendorf born 1800 d. 1873 (probably father of Dmitry Benckendorf / Dmitriy Benkendorf (Mita) born in 1845 that is Benkendorf Dmitriy Alexandrovich nickname Mita, died 1917 - you look on Bakst and Apollon Konstantynowicz). Father of Alexander: Ivan Benckendorf b. 1765 d. 1841, and grandfather: Johann Michael Ivan Benckendorf b. 1720 d. November 18, 1775, came from Johann Benckendorf b. April 26, 1659 d. June 17, 1727.
Alexei Petrovich Kropotkin b. 1805 died 1871 - father of famous theorist of anarchism Prince Peter Kropotkin b. 1842, Moscow, died 1921; theorist of anarchism. Near by to the Benkendorf family!

1924 Bakst meet Ida Rubinstein.

Nephew of Leon Bakst that is son of his sister Rose Samuilovna Rosenberg / Samuel Rosenberg was born in Germany (Zakhar L. Manfred worked as a lawyer in St. Petersburg, during the Civil War was a teacher in the Saratov province, then in the Pskov province; Rosa Samuilovna Rosenberg - a translator, sister of the artist Leon Bakst, died in 1918) and Zachary Manfred, was historian Albert Z. Manfred (1906-1976) who born in St Petersburg (acc. to Eugene Konstantynowicz / Константинович - son of Apollon Konstantynowicz, Polish, and Anna Konstantynowicz / Константинович nee Armand, Polish roots - and his children living in Switzerland and Paris, France, that is grandchildren of Anna nee Armand, and great-grandchildren of Varvara Karlovna Demonsi / Demonets or DEMONTET; this Eugene Konstantynowicz, as a patient, was treated in Switzerland, there he became acquainted with Marusya, who cared for her uncle Leon Bakst, along with Sophia, Bertha, Paul and Emily). See: the Constantinowitz Museum in Meudon.
Meudon is a municipality in the southwestern suburbs of Paris, in the département of Hauts-de-Seine. Chalais-Meudon was important in the pioneering of aviation, initially balloons and airships, but also the early powered craft (in 1880 Charles Renard and Arthur Krebs).
Klyachko, Maria Markovna (1895 - 1994), married name Constantinowitz / Marie Constantinowitz (1895 - 1994), daughter of Léon Bakst’s sister, Sophia Klyachko / Sophie nee Bakst (1869 - 1944). All information about Léon Bakst’s relatives are culled from 'My recollections of Uncle Lyova', the memoirs of Maria Klyachko-Constantinowitz and Manuscripts department, Tretyakov Gallery, fund 111, items 2632, 2636, and from Nikolai Constantinowitz, Irina Albertovna Manfred, Maria Markovna Klyachko who married a musician – a cello player Yevgeny Constantinowitz / Eugene Constantinowitz (1890 - 1977). She met her future husband in Switzerland, when she was tending to the sick Bakst. Her two sons became architects - Nikolai and Pyotr Constantinowitz (Mikolaj Konstantynowicz and Piotr Konstantynowicz; but also is inf. about 3 children of Maria nee Klaczko / Maria Markovna Klyachko and Yevgeny Constantinowitz / Eugene Constantinovich / Eugeniusz Konstantynowicz) and 'Collection of the Constantinowitz family' is in Paris (among correspondence of Howard D. Rothschild were letters of Constantinowitz Marie in 1976-1980; Howard Rothschild born 1907 and died 1989 in New York). Constantinowitz, Pyotr Yevgenievich (Kанстантинович / Kanstantinovich / Constantinowitz Pierre was born 1928 and address: Orée du Bois Brűlé, 78380 Bougival) and Constantinowitz Nikolai Yevgenievich (born 1931 - Nicolas, 45B Route des Gardes, Meudon). Constantinowitz, Yevgeny Apollonovich (Eugeniusz Konstantynowicz son of Apollon Konstantynowicz; born 1890 - died 1977) was a cello and piano player; he was receiving a treatment at the same resort as Bakst. And also we know about Carole Constantinowitz.
Pierre Constantinowitz, route de la Bourbonniere, Chailly en Gatinais and 13 rue des Pres Verdy, Sevres, France.

Inessa Armand born in Paris on 8th May, 1874. Name variations: Ines Stéphane / Eлизавета Фёдоровна / Ines Elisabeth Stephane / Elise / Elisabeth / Elisaveta / Стеффeн / Steffen / Comrade Inessa and Elena Blonina. Born Elizabeth Stephane, was daughter of Theodore Pecheux d'Herbenville and Nathalie Wild; married Alexander Armand, Oct 3, 1893.
Alexandre Dumas points to Pescheux d'Herbenville / Pecheux and Ernest Duchatelet were involved in political trials at the time but the person who shot Alfred Galois (a duel) was by the initials L. D., a member of the Society of Friends of the People (La Societe des Amis du Peuple, in France created in 1830, fighting for a republic and for political enlightenment of progressive workers. After the 1833 trial, the society ceased to exist, acc. to 2010 The Gale Group, Inc). And after - when she was only five - Elizabeth Stephane or Ines / Inessa was brought up by an aunt - new governess and grandmother living in Moscow - around 1880. Anna Asknazi vel Askenazy was friend of Inessa Armand in Moscow of 1909 and also doctor N. N. Pechkin, Boris Armand, Anna Evgen'evna Konstantynowicz / Konstantinovich / Константинович who helped out financially, Natalia Emil'evna, the twin Brilling brothers-in-law, Alexander Armand. At the age of eighteen she married Alexander Armand, the son of Evgenii Armand, a successful textile manufacturer in Pushkino near by Moscow. At the age of 19 she knew only two languages until as adult she learned German and Polish.
Who was Inessa Armand? "Date of birth: May 8th 1874, according to Eglish Wiki, and April 26th 1874 – to Russian. Her father, a singer, is described almost identically everywhere, but her mother, Nathalie Wild, is called simply 'a comedian' in English Wiki, a 'half-French, half-English Jewish actress' in Russian. Other Russian-language sources mention only that her parents were 'actors', another one informs us that, possibly, her parents were not officially married at the time of her birth...".
Now few details about life of Inessa Armand. Source: http://creakypavillion.wordpress.com/.
Date of birth: May 8th 1874 or April 26th 1874. Her father, a singer, and her mother, Nathalie Wild, a comedian or half-French, half-English Jewish actress. Inessa's mother, Natalie Wild, also came from a French family that had settled in Moscow, although her roots was from Franche-Comte of France. Her father was a language teacher, and the Wilds naturally came to know the Armands. Natalie back from Moscow to live with a French, Theodore Stephane, and Ines / Inessa had been born in Paris 1874, as the eldest of three girls, born four months before her parents were married. In Pushkino, the Wilds had friends.
In 1879 her father's contract with the Grand-Theatre in Lyons ended. The notices of his performances in such operas as The Thief of Baghdad, Rigoletto, and even Faust were often good. They returned to Paris, where he rejoined the Théâtre de la Gaietie, but the marriage with Natalie had become troubled, and they parted, leaving Natalie, pregnant. Natalie's mother and her sister, Sophie, visited Paris in 1879, probably to help Natalie. They took Inessa back with them to Moscow. Sophie was a tutor to various Moscow families, possibly at times to the Armands as a governess, and she and her mother educated Inessa at home. Inessa's father, by his death certificate, lived on, for six years - to 1885 - after she had left Paris in 1879. In 1889. doesn’t mention her sister, Inessa appeared in Russia again. Inessa had moved to Moscow with family and she moved directly into house of her future husband, Alexander Armand, because her aunt was employed there. In 1891, when Inessa was seventeen, her grandmother died, and mother Natalie brought her other two daughters to Russia to live in the Moscow apartment, probably near Kouznietsky-Most.
She and her sister played pianoforte; her aunt provided all her schooling and she received perfect education in Paris ? and Moscow. "Some say her aunt was forced to become a teacher to provide for her nieces", and she didn’t have a place for them to stay. Inessa and Renee just visited Armands and were acquainted with this family; next Inessa, also was a governess in Armand family.
Inessa had married when she was 19 in 1893 in Moscow. She married Alexander and her sister married into Armand family, with Boris or Nicolas. Inessa forced Alexander to marry her. Together with husband they opened a school for peasant children. She used her husband’s money for charity for prostitutes. She falls in love with his younger brother Vladimir, leaves Alexander. She never married Vladimir becasue she never formally divorced Alexander.
She became a member of a bolshevik organisation in 1904 or in 1903! In 1908 she jumped bail which her first husband Alexander paid for her, about 5000 rubles, and left Russia illegally. She joined Vladimir in Switzerland. She met Lenin in Paris or she met him in Brussels!
Inessa Armand was to become Lenin's lover, but without her marriage and husband, she might never have been to meet Lenin. The Armand family home was extraordinary. Originally four separate houses. Alexander's father, Eugene-Evgenii Evgenevich Armand lived with his two brothers, Emil and Adolf. Alexander's ancestor Paul was killed and Paul's son, Ivan, started a wine-import business. It was Ivan's son, the first Eugene, who founded the Armand fortunes. Alexander's father, also named Eugene, was converting from the Roman Catholic faith to Russian Orthodoxy, and Alexander, like most of his brothers and sisters, was Orthodoxy.

At least of 10 December 1908 Inessa Armand wanted to attend the First All-Russian Women's Congress in St Petersburg with her sister-in-law, Anna Evgen'evna Konstantinovich / Konstantynowicz / Константинович. Inessa was lover of Lenin since 1909 or 1910, but according to 'Correspondence of Lenin and ... organizations. 1903-1905 years', Volume 3, the first book, we know that Lenin sent a cliche of 'Iskra' / 'Sparks' at Dyuflon address in Yekaterinburg (p. 332, here also name of Konstantynowicz!) in 1903. "Inessa Armand. Revolutionary and Feminist" by R. C. Elwood, p.74 - Inessa was on her honeymoon with Lenin who showed up in Copenhagen without his wife Krupskaia. Inessa spent the time with her sister-in-law Anna Konstantinovich / Константинович, whom she apparently visited in Leipzig during the month of August 1910. Inessa and Anna would finish the summer by attending the Conference of Socialist Women in Copenhagen. Inessa very likely was accompanied by her sister-in-law Anna Konstantinovich, rather than by Lenin during the days of the 1910 congress. On Sunday 28 August 1910 after the Women's Conference had closed, Inessa and perhaps Anna Konstantinovich attended the opening ceremonies of the Eighth Congress of the Second International using two guest tickets obtained for Armand by Lenin in Copenhagen, according to P. P. Bulanov, Moscov 1925, 75. Dr. Edward Reilly from Australia when was visiting Marijampole, Lithuania, in Oct. 2003, had seen the grave of Lenin's (??) son, Guards Captain Andrej Armand, who fell in Oct. 1944 as the front pushed towards Prussia.

When Lenin was writing to Inessa Armand to Moscow by 16 February 1920, asked her about any products which were sent to Konstantynowicz (according to 'Lenin in his life. ...' by Е. Н. Guslarov; address of Inessa: Nieglinnaja street, house 9, flat No 6; s. 226).

Anna Konstantynowicz, Lenin Ulyanov and Inessa / Ines Armand in a sealed train, April 1917 The coup d'etat by Lenin in 1917 Lenin and his money

The Armand noble family

Paul Armand was born probably in 1770, acc. to unpublished memoirs of David L. Armand. Paul Armand with wife Angelica daughter of Charles (1765 in Alsatia - 1813 in Moscow) and with 14-year-old son, Jean (Jean / Ivan / Jean-Louis Armand born 1786 or 1798 - died 1855 in Moscow) went to Moscow in 1812, when Napoleon was in Moscow but this family has appeared in Russia at the end of the XVIII century, an escape from the terror of the French Revolution. When Napoleon had to withdraw, Paul had no choice to withdraw together with the French army (author Svetlana Alexandrovna Krylatov, a descendant of the family Kurtener, during a meeting of the descendants of the merchant families in the former Merchants Club in Malaya Dmitrovka in 1990). Evgeny second / Eugene-Louis Armand was b. 1809 and died 1890, was a son of Jean Armand / Ivan and his first wife Elizabeth Osipovna (born 1788, died 1817) called Sabina, and the second wife was Marie Barbe, born Kolinon (1780 - 1872) who had a daughter Sophia, later married a Swede from Estonia, Jozef Hacker / Joseph Hakker / Osip Hecke / Hekke.

The COLLIGNON family in France was living in Lorraine 1835 (Meuse), Ile-de-France 1725, and in Russia 1858, in St Petersburg: Charles Collignon, engineer; Édouard Collignon - after graduating from the l'École polytechnique in 1849, in 1857 to 1862 he played an important role in the construction of railways from Saint Petersburg to Warsaw. Marie Barbe COLLIGNON (b. ca 1804 in Mercy-le-Haut, died 12 July 1883 in Tucquegnieux), married to Louis FLOSSE, born 10 April 1800, her father Joseph COLLIGNON b. 1774 in Mercy-le-Haut - his parents Nicolas COLLIGNON and Anne HURLAUX. François Collignon b. 1673, his father Hubert Collignon; Nicolas Collignon was son of above Francois; Nicolas Collignon b. 1723, his son Nicolas Collignon 2nd b. 1752, granddaughter Marie Barbe Collignon (b. 1786, d. 1831 and completely different person then above Marie b. ca 1804) - her husband François Navel. Sabine father has name Evgen the 'first'.

Sophia was the daughter of Ivan from his second marriage and was born c. 1830, she was granddaughter of Paul that is Pavel. She married a Swede - Joseph Hekke (Hacker or Hakker) about 1850. No data about this Swede (from Eesti / Estland / Estonia). From this marriage was the oldest Maria Osipovna that is daughter of Osip / Joseph. She was born about 1851. The second child was 12 years later, and was born about 1863 - Sophia Osipovna. And about 1864 Alexandr son. When their parents died c. 1866, a guardian was appointed - uncle Evgeny 'second' Armand. He put children in his office in the Old Square and Evgeny hired a governess for the children about 1867.

In the second half of the 19th century lived with the Armand family a governess, girls Inessa and Rene Stefan, both were married to two brothers Armand, Alexander and Nicholas. Inessa Fedorovna in 1903, leaving her husband, lived with his brother Volodya and after escaping from exile in 1909, Inessa Fedorovna went to Switzerland, where she was waiting for Vladimir / Volodya. Alexander went to Belgium, graduated on engineer to manage a factory of his father. After collectivization in 1930 he appealed to Alechinsky farm and lived until 1943.

Maria Osipovna was a musician and student of Nicholas Rubinstein (Nikolai Grigoryevich Rubinstein b. 1835 and was a Russian pianist, the younger brother of Anton Rubinstein; with Nikolai Pietrovich Trubetskoy / Prince Nikolai Petrovitch Troubetzkoy born 1828 died 1900, was the founder of the Moscow Conservatory). Sophia, daughter of Joseph was graduated from high school. Amateurishly painted. She was in love with the youngest of the cousins - Emil, third son of Eugene / Evgeny and soon married about 1883. The Catholic Church blessed the couple. Alexandr son of Joseph, wanted to become a monk, but he went to the army, and eventually became a police officer.

Evgeny Armand Ivanovich / Evgeny second / Eugene-Louis Armand Evgeny Armand Ivanovich / Evgeny second / Eugene-Louis Armand was b. 1809 and died 1890, was a son of Jean Armand / Ivan and his first wife Elizabeth; was married to a Polish woman, Catholic - Mary Frantsevna Pashkovskaya / Maria Paszkowski / Maria Wilhelmina PASZKOWSKA (Пашковские) daughter of Franciszek. She was born 1819 died 1901 and was highly educated, c. 1840 studied painting in France; she was a woman of strong and humble disposition. Maria had a tender heart. In contrast to the position of her husband, his wife was educated, and drew quite well, in France she drew the ruins of castles and really liked them; Evgeny built in a park such ruins.

Jan Paszkowski [ca 1640-ca 1700] was landowner of Zachorz / Zachorze and Smolany; he had one son Jerzy and 6 daughters:
Zofia + Bazyli Bortnowski and 2nd time married to Stefan Aleksander Zukowski;
Justyna + Bazyli Chocianowski;
Marianna 1st m. Czarniecki, 2nd to Sipajlo;
Anna married Laskowski;
Krystyna m. Bukaty;
Barbara unmarried.

The Linowa estate, in the Pruzany county, 23 km to Szereszow, 8 km to Pruzany, with villages: Horodniany, Slonimce, Olszany, Zahorze / ZAGOR'E, Smolany / SMALIANY, Podziensienie, Worotne, Zaniewicze, Obsze, in the 19th cent. owned by the Trebicki family. ZAHORZE is situated south-west to Mereczowszczyzna of Kosciuszko, 48 km.
Mereczowszczyzna / Mierieczewszczina, 2 km north-west of KOSOW POLESKI; owned by Kosciuszko from hands of SAPIEHA; 1733 - 1764 belonged to Ludwik Tadeusz Kosciuszko, then Kosciuszko moved to Siechnowicze - south-west to Pruzany. Tadeusz Kosciuszko was born in named Mereczowszczyzna. Ambrozy Kazimierz Kosciuszko (1667 - ca 1720 in Siechnowicze) son of Aleksander Jan Kosciuszko, the grandfather of Tadeusz Kosciuszko. Ambrozy's son: LUDWIK TADEUSZ KOSCIUSZKO, 1700 - 1758 + Tekla Ratomska, with children: Tadeusz Kosciuszko b. 1746, Józef Kosciuszko, Anna Kosciuszko and Katarzyna Kosciuszko. Ludwik Tadeusz Kosciuszko (1700 - 1758) official in Brzesc Litewski, in 1740 married Tekla Ratomski. Ludwik Tadeusz Kosciuszko devolved Siechnowicze Male with Stepanki, Nowosiólki and Konotopy, to his uncle Faustyn Benedykt Kosciuszko; Ludwik rented Mereczowszczyzna.
Mentioned Zahorze - 4 km north-east to Smaliany; Zagorie / Zahorze / Zagor'e, east to Pruzana / Pruzany. Named Smaliany / Smolany - 9 km east to PRUZANY.

Above Jerzy PASZKOWSKI, m. Marianna Nowochonska in Polonne {Marianna Paszkowski Nowochońska with the Kostrzywiec Ostoja coat of arms, was the wife of Jerzy Paszkowski} - her brother Jan Samuelowicz Nowochonski.

POLONNE:

Adam Walewski + Józefa Lubomirska had 2 children: Tadeusz Walewski (1795-1855), in 1828 m. to Anna Karwicka / Ann Dunin- Karwicka (1797-1881), daughter of General Krzysztof Karwicki. Tadeusz Walewski took Polonne at Polonszczyzna after Callistus Poninski. Subsequent owners were Jozef Dunin-Karwicki and Henry Stecki. The Adam Walewski family, the royal army brigadier, from the hands of his wife received the Polonna estate; others assets taken Mary Elizabeth Potocka [Marianna Elzbieta Uvarov POTOCKA nee Lubomirska, ca 1766 - d. 1810, was daughter of Kasper Lubomirski and Barbara Poninska].

POLONNE in 1621 was taken by Zofia Ostrogska

[see PASZKOWSKI in POLONNE ca 1685 / 1690; in time of Stanislaw Herakliusz Lubomirski born 1642 in Niepołomice or Wiśnicz, died in 1702 in Jazdów, and his wife Elzbieta Denhoff died 1702; and their son Johann Theodor Lubomirski, 1697 - 1745, or born in 1683, owner of Lańcut, Ujazdów and Połonne; in 1721, he took away Elizabeth, wife of the CRACOW merchant of IRELAND, JOHN CHRIST / Jan Kristicz; Elizabeth, born in 1685/1689 in IRELAND - died in 1776 in Vienna, come from the Scottish family Cummings de Culler-Coming / de Culler-Cuming; they had daughter Maria Susanna Anna Christ Lubomirska b. 1722 in Cracow, died in 1771 in Vienna, married to Miklós, Graf Esterházy von Galántha.
Pr Jan Teodor Konstanty Lubomirski of Wisnicz and Jaroslaw, 1683 - 1745; m. in 1727 to Anne Elisabeth Cumming (b. in Ireland 1685, d. in Vienna in 1776), widow of horsebreeder John Christ.
Elisabeth Christ, Lubomirska born Cummings in 1685 / 1687 or 1695 and died in 1751 / 1782 or 1776 [or 1689 / 1700 - 1776], that is Elisabeth Elzbieta Marianna Lubomirska born Cumming De Culler / Culter Commiges / Elżbieta Marianna Lubomirska (Cummings de Culler-Coming) b. 1685 or in 1689 in Ireland.
Maybe she is Elisabeth CUMMINGS, b. on 5 Jan. 1687, married Joseph FRENCH, son of Samuel and Sarah (Cummings) French of Middlesex, MA; Elisabeth was daughter of JOHN-3 CUMMINGS b. in Boxford, MA, in 1657 and lived in Old Dunstable, married Elisabeth, daughter of Samuel Kinsley of Billerica, MA.
Jan Teodor Lubomirski adopted Elisabeth's children as his own:
Pss Maria Susanna Anna Christ, b. Cracow in 1722, d. in Vienna in 1771 [Anna Esterhazy born Lubomirska / Maria Susanna Anna Esterházy De Galántha], m. in Warsaw in 1744 to Gf Miklos Esterházy de Galántha (1711 - 1764);
and next adopted son
Pr Kasper Lubomirski {Kasper Lubomirski Christ, b. 1724 in POLONNE, Freemason, divided the estates, also the Tuczyn over Horyn was sold in 1775 to Michael / MICHAL Walewski}, Russian General-Lieutenant, who died 1780, m. Pss Barbara Lubomirska with daughter
MARIA / Pss Marianna {2nd}, 1773 - 1810, 1st m. (div) Protazy Antoni Potocki (1761 - 1801) with daughter EMILIA POTOCKA m. to JOZEF KALINOWSKI d. 1825
[see WOLA PSZCZOLECKA and Walewski, Radolinski, Sulimierski, Kiedrzynski; with daughters:
Jozefina b. 1816, OLGA b. 1822, SEWERYNA, and MARIA TRUBECKA nee Kalinowska
{see an affair in St Petersburg in 1840, and MARIA'S daughter - Maria nee Trubecka m. KONSTANTYNOWICZ of Estonia and son - NESTOR Trubecki vel Kalinowski}].
MARIA / Pss Marianna 2nd time married to Ct Valerian Alexandrovich Zubow, general of infantry (1771 - St.Petersburg in 1804);
3rd m. Feodor Petrovich Uvarov, general of cavalry (1769 / 1773 - St. Petersburg in 1824).
MARIA / Pss Marianna, b. 1773 had sister Pss Jozefa Lubomirska, 1 st m. Adam Walewski; 2nd m. Ct Joseph de Witt (died 1814). Adam Walewski + Józefa Lubomirska had 2 children:
a. Tadeusz Walewski (1795-1855), in 1828 m. to Anna Karwicka / Ann Dunin-Karwicka (1797-1881), daughter of General Krzysztof Karwicki;
b. Izabela Walewska [Izabela Walewska 1800-1886 m. Siergiej Gagaryn 1795-1852 / the chief chamberlain Sergei Sergeyevich Gagarin, with daughter Maria 1829-1906, and son Siergiej Gagaryn 1832-1890 {Prince}].
Husband of above Maria Kalinowska {countess Maria Kalinowska was born after 1805 or ca 1819} was Gregory / Grigory Troubetzkoy / Grigorij Petrovich Trubecki who - settled before 1832 in the Kingdom of Poland - was born in 1802 after death of his father, and died in 1879 or 11 January 1874 -
his brother Prince Jurij Petrovich Trubeckoj / Yuri Troubetzkoy was born 1796, died 1859 (married to Olga Nikolaevna Tchaikovsky / Czajkowski daughter of Mikolaj Czajkowski).
His sister Anna nee Trubecki / Trubetsky / Anna Kozhoukhova born 23 December 1793 died 29 March 1827 (married to Alexandr Stepanovitch Kozhoukhov / Aleksander Kozuchow or Kozuchowski son of Stefan Kozuchow or Kozuchowski)].

Zofia Ostrogska - Lubomirska was died in 1623, then POLONNE was owned by her husband Stanisław Lubomirski b. 1583 [see below - Stanisław Herakliusz Lubomirski's father was Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski, grandfather was named STANISLAW b. 1583],
and next owner of POLONNE was his son - 1642 - Konstanty Lubomirski / Konstanty Jacek Lubomirski (1620-1663).

Above duke Konstanty Jacek Lubomirski (1620-1663) owned Jarosław and Pełkin, had sisters: Konstancja and Anna Krystyna Lubomirska married Stanisław Albrycht Radziwiłł; and he had brothers: Jerzy Sebastian (1616-1667), Marshal of Poland; and Aleksander Michał (ca 1614-1677) of Cracow.

Above Stanisław Lubomirski b. 1583 - died in 1649, was the son of Sebastian [see below] and Anna Branicki. Studied in Monachium and in Padwa.
Above SEBASTIAN: ca 1546 - 1613, was the son of Stanisław Lubomirski and Barbara Hruszowska.
His children:
Stanisław Lubomirski, Joachim Lubomirski, Katarzyna Lubomirska, Zofia Lubomirska, Barbara Lubomirska, Krystyna Lubomirska.

Mentioned above Adam Walewski + Jozefina or Józefa Lubomirska had 2 children:
a. above named Tadeusz Walewski (1795-1855), in 1828 m. to Anna Karwicka / Ann Dunin-Karwicka (1797-1881), daughter of General Krzysztof Karwicki;
b. Izabela Walewska.

Jozefina or Józefa Walewska nee Lubomirska married to Brigadier Adam Walewski, brother of Michal Walewski, the Voivode / governor of Sieradz. Michał Walewski 1735 / 1740 - 1806, was Voivode of Sieradz in 1785-1792.

Kasper Lubomirski [see below on his daughter !] divided the estates, also the Tuczyn over Horyn was sold in 1775 to Michael / MICHAL Walewski.
Marianna Elzbieta Uvarov nee Lubomirska, ca 1766 - d. 1810, was daughter of named Kasper Lubomirski [his daughters: Józefa WALEWSKA and named Marianna UVAROV] and Barbara Poninska
(Kasper Lubomirski, b. 1724 in POLONNE - 1780, Freemason, was son of
Teodor Lubomirski and Elisabeth / Elzbieta Marianna.
Teodor / Johann Theodor Lubomirski 1697 - 1745, was the son of
Stanislaw Herakliusz Lubomirski and Elzbieta Denhoff;
brother of Józef Lubomirski and Franciszek Lubomirski, half brother of Elzbieta Sieniawska and Elzbieta Lubomirska).
Above
Stanisław Herakliusz Lubomirski (1642 close to Cracow - d. 1702) was the son of Jerzy Sebastian [Jerzy Sebastian (1616-1667), Marshal of Poland]; Stanisław Herakliusz Lubomirski was the brother of Hieronim Augustyn and Aleksander Michał (d. 1673).
Stanisław Herakliusz Lubomirski had sister Krystyna (d. 1689), m. Feliks Kazimierz Potocki, of Krasnystaw and Hrubieszow.
Stanisław Herakliusz Lubomirski's father was Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski. Stanisław Herakliusz Lubomirski m. twice: Zofia Opalińska (1642-1675), and 2nd to Elżbieta Denhoff (d. 1702).
Above JERZY SEBASTIAN [Jerzy Sebastian (1616-1667), Marshal of Poland]:
his father was Stanisław Lubomirski - Stanisław Lubomirski b. 1583, d. 1649, and mother was Zofia Ostrogska [see POLONNE in 1621].
JERZY'S children:
Stanisław Herakliusz Lubomirski, Aleksander Michał Lubomirski, Hieronim Augustyn Lubomirski, Krystyna Lubomirska, Franciszek Sebastian Lubomirski, Jerzy Dominik Lubomirski, Anna Krystyna Lubomirska.

Mentioned above
Marianna Elzbieta Uvarova nee Lubomirska, born ca 1766, was wife of Protazy Antoni Potocki; Count Valerian Zubov, and Uvarov;
she was mother of Emilia Potocka + Jozef Kalinowski;
Aleksandr Valerianovich Zubov; Platon Valerianovich Zubov, and Elizaveta Valerianovna Voieikova.

Marianna Elzbieta Uvarova nee Lubomirska was sister of Józefa Walewska. Józefa Walewska nee Lubomirska, b. ca 1764 - 1851; wife of Adam Walewski and Jan Witt, Count;
copyright by Leszek Mila.
Adam Walewski b. ca 1750 was son of Marcin Walewski 1700 - 1761, who was son of Franciszek Walewski and Felicja.

Jerzy Paszkowski [ca 1660-1709] was buried in Pruzany in 1709; left 5 sons:
Tomasz Paszkowski b. ca 1690 {see below}, had the ZADORA coat of arms;
Mikolaj;
Jan;
Józef;
Sylwester;
and 3 daughters: Joanna, Zofia, and Marianna.

Named Joanna m. Wladyslaw Franciszek Barski of Pinsk; Marianna + Zachorski; Zofia + Lazowski.

Mentioned Tomasz Paszkowski born ca 1690
[{b. NOT in 1650} d. ca 1760] + Regina Bajerska [she was born acc. to me ca 1705]
had 2 sons [Jan Paszkowski born ca 1720, was living in Mokrsko close to Wielun in 1742].
REGINA was the daughter of Aleksander Bajerski Fogelveder, b. ca 1640 - died 1712 [a judge of Chełmno, MP of the province Chełmno, 1663 - 1669. He signed the election of Michał Korybut Wiśniowiecki with the Chełmno Province in 1669],
son of Stanisław Bajerski Fogelveder b. ca 1595
{b. 1585 acc. to geni.com by Andrzej W. Bieganowski}.
Fogelweder / Fogelveder come from Prussia and Cracow: Maria von Bayersee Bajerski Fogelveder, Łoś, + Jan (Johanes, Hans, Hannos) von Bayersee Bajerski Fogelveder {Jan Bajerski, Count Fogelveder, died in 1484, and Mikołaj Bajerski, inf. 1450 and in Radzyn Chełmiński in 1456}.

Sons of TOMASZ Paszkowski and REGINA:
Michal and Jan [born ca 1720, he was living in Mokrsko in 1742].

Jan Paszkowski [ca 1720-ca 1800] moved home to Ukraine [ca 1776 ?].
Michal Paszkowski [b. ca 1725/1730] was an official in Malbork, moved in Volhynia, m. Monika Piotrowska of the Chelm area, daughter of Mikolaj and Katarzyna nee Plonski, Piotrowska, with a few children.
Sons of Jerzy Paszkowski:
Mikolaj b. ca 1701, unmarried;
Józef died in childhood;
named Sylwester unmarried, died in Wisznice in the Brzesc Litewski province in 1780.
Jan b. ca 1705, son of Jerzy Paszkowski, m. Katarzyna Lubieniecka daughter of Wojciech Lubieniecki and Marianna nee Szorncel, Lubieniecka, of Nowogrodek. Jan had 2 sons:
Antoni and Tadeusz, and 3 daughters:
Marianna, Marcjanna and Joanna:
named Marianna m. Daniel Belgram; he was died 1794.
Marcjanna + Walerian Boncza Rutkowski of Malbork, with daughter Anna Rutkowska m. Mikolaj Ciechowski of Zydaczew.
Marianna 2nd m. to Antoni Kaminski in Warsaw.

Joanna Paszkowska [born ca 1735] was the last daughter of named above Jan Paszkowski [Jerzy Paszkowski, ca 1660-1709, was buried in Pruzany in 1709; left 5 sons, including JAN] and she married Marcin Bakowski. Jan sold Kustowicze [in ca 1755] to hands of named JOANNA and her husband Marcin Bakowski / Marcin Bąkowski [he died maybe ca 1800].

Note at margin on the Komorowski family, landowners of KURMENE.
Franciszek Antoni Komorowski b. 1723, d. 1800, was son of Bartłomiej Komorowski; he was father of Jan Bonifacy Komorowski, PIOTR I, and Stanisław Andrzej Komorowski; was brother of Countess Marcjancella Piłsudzka [Pilsudski family]! Franciszek Komorowski Count, 1723- died in 1800 in Szirwyty or Szenta, come from Teresa Oziemblowski and Bartłomiej Komorowski b. 1697 in Laszki, d. 1758.
The 2nd son of Lucya Glogowska + Stanislaw Grzymala at Jablonowo Jablonowski was Stanislaw Jozef Grzymala at Jablonowo Jablonowski owner of Rawa Ruska, m. Jozefa Bakawska daughter of Jan Wincenty Count Bakowski and Kunegunda KOMOROWSKA Css [above Jozefa Bakawska had sister Henryka + Roman KARNICKI; and she had brother Ferdynand Bakowski m. Antonina Komorowska Css with the Korczak coat of arms].
Above named Ferdynand Jaksa-Bakowski 1800-1853 was son of above Jan Wincenty Jaksa-Bakowski 1770-1828 and Kunegunda Komorowska b. 1770; above Ferdynand m. ca 1830 to Antonina Józefa Komorowska 1812-1891, daughter of Antoni Piotr Józef Komorowski 1769-1826 and Konstancja Kunegunda Siestrzanek- Karnicka b. 1787.
Kunegunda Komorowska b. 1770 was daughter of Józef Joachim Komorowski [older son of Jozef: Józef Wincenty - MP in 1788, 1765 -1809] 1735-1800 and Helena Aniela Konkordia Milewska 1741-1814;
and granddaughter of Ignacy Komorowski of Chelm, 1710-1760;
and great-granddaughter of Jan Komorowski of Nowogródek, 1670-1719 and Konstancja Katarzyna Sulimierska [Jan's next son was Stefan Aleksander Mamert Komorowski of Belz, 1699-1750].

Jan PASZKOWSKI died in Kustowicze and he was buried in Horedec in 1780.
Jan's son - Antoni Paszkowski, born ca 1740, official in Lubaczew, unmarried;
next son - Tadeusz Paszkowski b. ca 1740, a Jesuit monk to 1773, then in Poznan, and under Duke Poniatowski bishop of Plock to 1794

{Michał Jerzy Poniatowski b. 1736, d. 1794 in Warsaw, the Plock bishop in 1773, the Freemason, son of Stanisław Poniatowski, and Konstancja Czartoryska; the brother of the King Stanisław August Poniatowski. MICHAL had son Piotr Maleszewski [closest to Szaniawski, Horodyski] - see Sulkowski + Venture de Paradise, also Breguet and Duflon - Konstantynowicz}.

Tadeusz Paszkowski b. ca 1740, in 1794 moved to Podlasie.

We back to Anna NIEMOJEWSKA - PASZKOWSKA, b. ca 1795, died 1872:

Jozef Niemojowski / Niemojewski 1760-1836, m. ca 1790 to Ludwika Walewska, 1775-1863
[see below], with:
Leon Michal b. 1798; Izabella Salomea Niemojowska b. 1801; Adolf Józef 1802-1873; Edward 1810-1874; Józef Niemojowski 1840- 1857; and
oldest daughter Anna NIEMOJEWSKA - PASZKOWSKA, b. ca 1795, died 1872, m. Paszkowski?

Jan Paszkowski born ca 1720, lived in 1742 in Mokrsko, an administrator-manager of an estate.

Mokrsko is situated 9 km south-west of WIELUN.
Here was born Tadeusz Henryk Marian Nekanda-Trepka, 1832-1904, son of Leopold and Karolina Unrug. In the 17th cent. owned by Wierusz Walknowski / Walichnowski, to ca 1750;
Adam Lasocki, official in Sochaczew ca 1795
[see PASZKOWSKI: Dominik Paszkowski born 1783 in Brody + Anna Niemojewska had son Jozef Edmund Paszkowski / Józef Franciszek Daniel Paszkowski, poet and translator; with coat of arms of Zadora; born 3 January 1817 in Warsaw]
{ADAM Lacocki acted in Sochaczew in 1775, b. ca 1740 in BROCHOW, d. 1796, MP in 1760, son of Pawel Lasocki, official in Belz, 1700-1748 and Barbara Wilkowska / WALKNOWSKA b. ca 1700; ADAM LASOCKI m. 1st ca 1770 to Apolonia Niemojowska, 2nd to Kunegunda Mikorska Css, daughter of Count Józef Mikorski. He was owner of ILOW; official in MOKRSKO in 1765; his son in Mokrsko in 1775 - Stanislaw Kostka LASOCKI};
1783-84 MOKRSKO was owned by Kozuchowski {see Stanislaw Kozuchowski in 1732}, and Lasocki;
in the 19th cent. to Trepka; here was living Tadeusz Sadowski insurgent in 1863 in the Wielun county. Mokrsko in 1819 in hands of Trepka, to 1851; then Wezyk, to ca 1865. 1898 - in MOKRSKO, Alojza Jakowicka nee Kreski, 1v. Bakowska, to 1945.
Compare:
Aleksander Walewski + Elzbieta Mecinska and her son Jozef Kalasanty Walewski (ca 1743 / 1747 - 1792) were owners of Jedlno [here IZYDOR KIEDRZYNSKI]. Paulina Pulina Radolinska b. 1750 m. Józef Kalasanty Walewski. Jozef Kalasanty Walewski had also
Kurow (close to Wola Pszczolecka, see: Malkiewicz, Kiedrzynski or close to TUROW and WIELUN),
Turow [6 km north-east of MOKRSKO],
Wielun [9 km to MOKRSKO]
and Jedlno.

Jedlno was property of Elzbieta Walewska nee Mecinska and her son, who sold Wieruszow in 1793; then this family owned also Wola Wiazowa and Rusiec.
Elzbieta Mecinska b. ca ?, m. Aleksander Walewski of Piotrków - 1778, Rozprza - 1748, in Cracow in 1740, with children:
1. Józef Kalasanty Walewski 1747-1792 m. Paulina Pulina Radolinska b. 1750 with:
Ludwika Walewska 1775-1863 [see above - NIEMOJEWSKI],
Aleksander Józef Colonna-Walewski 1778-1845,
Wincenty Walewski 1785-1819/1820.

And next children of ELZBIETA MECINSKA:
2. Michal Walewski 1749-1799 m. Salomea Psarska
{Michal 1749-1799 m. Salomea Psarska b. 1761, daughter of Sebastian PSARSKI and Teresa Niemojowski / NIEMOJEWSKI. Aleksander Józef Colonna-Walewski 1778-1845 / Aleksander Józef Walewski b. in Zelazków, Count, m. Tekla Walewska daughter of Michal Walewski and Salomea PSARSKA.
Aleksander was the son of Józef Kalasanty WALEWSKI b. ca 1743 / 1747, d. 1792, landowner of Jedlno (see Kiedrzynski), Jankowice, Borków, m. Paulina Radolinska daughter of Kajetan Radolinski and Malgorzata Lubienska.
Marianna ca 1740 - 1764, daughter of Franciszek Ksawery Psarski
[Franciszek Ksawery Psarski b. 1691, died 1772 in Myslniew / Myslniow, the Ostrzeszów County, Greater Poland; son of Aleksander Psarski and Marianna Zaborska, husband of Teresa SIELNICKA]
and Teresa Sielnicka, was the sister of mentioned Sebastian Psarski [father of Salomea Walewska b. 1761, and grandfather of Tekla Walewska + Aleksander Józef Colonna-Walewski];
and Agnieszka Teresa; Teodora Eufrozyna Psarska; Franciszek Borgiasz Psarski; Fryderyk Jakub Psarski [b. ca 1720, died in 1805, husband of Ksawera Bardzinska, father of Józef; Eleonora Leszczynska b. 1770 + Jan Leszczynski; Franciszek; Marianna Urszula Walewska {wife of Jan Walewski with daughter Józefa Konopnicka}; Wojciech Stefan; Jakub; Mikolaj Psarski and Konstancja]; Justyna Koldowska - Wyszlawska; Jadwiga Bylina; Jan Kanty; Wojciech Stefan; Andrzej and Wladyslaw - inf. by Leszek Zydor}.

See:
Antoni Piotr Fabian Psarski (1766 - 1851 Redziny) m. Lucja Czekulin (1775 - 1863).
He was the son of Wladyslaw Psarski b. ca 1725 - d. 1787, officer in Ostrzeszów, m. Rozalia Bartochowska, lived in Ruda close to Wielun (see Kiedrzynski near Wielun).
Grandson of Franciszek Ksawery Psarski b. 1691 [Franciszek Ksawery Psarski 1691 - 1772, owner of Biala 14 km north-west of Wielun], died in Myslniew, the Kobyla Góra parish close to Ostrzeszow [see Kiedrzynski in Ostrzeszow]; married to Teresa Sielnicka b. ca 1690 / 1700
[his daughter was Marianna Psarska b. ca 1730-1764 + Jan Nepomucen Olszowski b. 1733 - see the Lech Kaczynski branch.
Remember about Lukasz Kiedrzynski married to (1st time ?) Franciszka Buczynski / Buczynska, he was owner of Kunowo / Kunow in 1767 (from hands of his mother), he was son of Ludwika nee Sitnicka / SIELNICKA / Sielinski - 6 km north of Gostyn and 31 km south- east of Koscian. This is Kunow / Kunowo, 6 / 8 km north of Gostyn, that is east of Leszno of the Sulkowskis. See: Koszkowo - 13 km north-east of Gostyn; Noskow / Noskowo - 9 km south-west of Jarocin and 16 km east of above Koszkowo; Gostyn / Gostingen, is a town in Greater Poland Voivodeship, in Gostyn County];
his son Wladyslaw Psarski b. ca 1725 - d. 1787, officer in Ostrzeszów, m. Rozalia Bartochowska lived in Ruda close to Wielun.

3. Salomea Walewska 1754-1814 m. Józef Kielczewski 1750-1812.
Wincenty Walewski 1785 - 1819 was father of Konrad Colonna-Walewski; and Mikolaj Józef Colonna-Walewski.
Konrad Walewski, b. 1813 in Jedlno, d. 1896 Cracow, married to Ludwika Potocka b. 1814 / 1815 with 2 children: Stanislaw Aleksander Blazej Colonna-Walewski and Marianna Tekla Wielopolska.

JÓZEF SULIMIERSKI b. 1738, d. 1805, owner of Lubiec south of Wola Pszczolecka, and Kuznica (near Lubiec), m. Franciszka Wierzchlejska, with son Jan Piotr Walerian SULIMIERSKI b. 1783, m. in 1804 in Cieszecin to Magdalena Jastrzebiec Karsnicka born in ca 1784, daughter of Jan Gwalbert KARSNICKI and Jadwiga Maslowski, with son:
Marceli Jan Gwalbert / Marceli Jan Sulimierski b. ca 1805 in Weglowice / WEGLEWICE, north-west to Wielun (the Wieruszow county); d. 1874, judge, exiled to Siberie, m. in 1828 in Czestochowa, to Zofia Joanna Wczele Szolowska b. 1808, with son Wladyslaw Jan Sulimierski 1830 - 1866, who m. Wanda Walewska b. 1832.

Jan Kanty Szaniawski (ca 1764 - 1839) had sons:
1. Józef Gabriel Szaniawski (born in 1805 in Gromadzice, north to Wielun - d. 1879) married in 1841 to Aniela Zbijewska (b. 1816);
2. Jan Chryzostom Ignacy Szaniawski (born 1813, Gromadzice), owner of Chodaki in the Szadek county, and also owner of Kraszyn, and Zwiasty;
3. Ludwik Bartlomiej Szaniawski (b. 1816 in Gronów, the Sieradz county), owner of Kroczyce in the Lelów county and Malowana Wola (see above on Ignacy KIEDRZYNSKI) and married in 1844 in Redziny to Aniela Rotkiewicz from Kroczyce (b. in 1824, Kroczyce - died 1860, Piotrków) daughter of Marianna Dobinska (Dabinska, Drabinska).
Above Jan Kanty Szaniawski (ca 1764 - 1839) was the landowner of Ochle close to Lask and owner of Gromadzice in the Wielun county, married in 1803, Osjaków, to Agnieszka Psarska b. ca 1770 - died after 1844, daughter of Wladyslaw Psarski 1700-1787. Jan Kanty Szaniawski had daughter:
Petronela Szaniawska 1809-1835, who married Feliks Bonawentura Szulimierski / Sulimierski b. 1800 with son Stanislaw Jan Szulimierski / Sulimierski b. 1830 - Widawa; Feliks Bonawentura Szulimierski / Sulimierski was son of Ludwik Szulimierski / Sulimierski born 1770 + Marianna KEMPISTA.

Jakob Kiedrzynski 1st senior b. ca 1675, owner of Dymki, close to Lututow [north of WIELUN] since 1698, 1709 inf. in Wielun, was son of Mikolaj Kiedrzynski the 1st, b. ca 1650 - inf. 1704 in the Sieradz province.

Mentioned Jan Paszkowski born ca 1720, was living in 1742 in Mokrsko, and he lived in the Cracov province in 1791.
Maybe he had a son born ca 1750 - ? - and the son Jan junior, married twice, second time to Petronela Kulikowska ??

Maybe his brother [cousin ?] was Piotr Paszkowski b. ca 1733 married Elzbieta nee Nietyks, with sons:
1. Paszkowski Michal (1761 in Brzesc Litewski - after 1819), Colonel in 1794 in Brzesc Litewski, an official in Oszmiany; studied 1775-1779. In 1789 he bought Zabludow in the Grodno county; Friend of Hieronim Radziwill and of Michal Zaleski manager to Dominik Radziwill; to Karol Prozor in 1812. 1808-1820 he taken from hands of Radziwill, Naliboki. After 1819 no inf.
2. Leonard Paszkowski b. 1765 in Brzesc Litewski;
3. Antoni Paszkowski b. 1753 in Brzesc Litewski.

The Paszkowskis of Brzesc Litewski:
Jacek official in Brzesc Litewski with brothers and children, near to Kiev province;
Teodor Tadeusz Paszkowski the writer of Kiev, inf. 1784.
Antoni inf. 1764 in Brzesc.
Piotr, Colonel in Lithuania, MP in 1768.
Tomasz of Winnica;
Jan was MP in 1764 of Liw.
Kazimierz Paszkowski of the Cracow province, died in Grudziadz, m. widow Rutkowska. His son, Andrzej married Ligocka, and daughter Agnieszka moved to the Great Poland and married to Stanislaw Tomicki, with daughter Franciszka in Poznan; Agnieszka daughter of named Kazimierz Paszkowski married 2nd Stanislaw Gorczyczewski of Poznan, with daughter Zuzanna.
Józef of Brzezie, Paszkowski son of Jan of the Cracow province, moved to the Great Poland and left son - inf. in 1788 - owner of landestate close to Sampolno, in Skotniki.
Jakub Paszkowski of the Lublin province and Lukow, m. Konstancja Boguszewska with son Adam, and with the daughter Malgorzata married Józef Celinski. Adam Paszkowski m. Eleonora Poszman, with 2 daughters: Tekla and Felicjanna, and with son Antoni.

JAN'S [Jan Paszkowski, b. ca 1720; in 1742 in Mokrsko close to WIELUN] next of kin:
Józef Paszkowski b. 1724 in Wrocimowice - close to MIECHOW;
and Wojciech Paszkowski b. 1750 in Wegrzynowice - east to Koluszki.

Above named Jan Paszkowski [b. ca 1720; 1742 in MOKRSKO; mistake was 1750 / ca 1755] has got the Zadora coat of arms and married 1st to unknown ca 1770, 2nd married in ca 1780 to Petronela Kulikowska b. ca 1750, with son Dominik Paszkowski, b. 1783 in Brody, d. 1866 + mentioned Anna Niemojewska, died in 1872 (tomb in Kraków).

Named Dominik Paszkowski born 1783 in Brody, the Lwow province, was the half-brother to Franciszek Maksymilian Paszkowski (b. 1778 in BRODY), general, friend of MURAT and KOSCIUSZKO, who was the first son of JAN Paszkowski of MOKRSKO.

Dominik's family:
1. colonel Jozef Paszkowski, 1787 - 1858;
2. Wojciech Paszkowski, who was member of the independent authorities of Galicia in 1809; manager of TECZYN and KRZESZOWICE.

Dominik Paszkowski born 1783 in Brody + Anna Niemojewska had sons:

1. Jozef Edmund Paszkowski / Józef Franciszek Daniel Paszkowski, poet and translator; with coat of arms of Zadora; born 3 January 1817 in Warsaw and died 1861 in Warsaw, too;
he was related with Stompf family, the Lasocki from Lasocin with coat of arms of Dolega [MOKRSKO close to Wielun], Kulikowski, Niemojewski, Gzowski families.
His son Leon Ignacy Józef Paszkowski was related with Niemojewski and Falkiewicz.
His son - ? - Franciszek Paszkowski, lawyer, b. 1853 died 1926.

2. Franciszek Paszkowski (Franciszek Jozef Wladyslaw Paszkowski) born 1818 in WARSAW, and died 1883, painter - who was studied painting in DREZNO in 1838, in Rome 1839 [with Jerzy Lubomirski], acc. to J. Pachonski [see in 1840, Maria Wilhelmina Paszkowska studied painting, married ARMAND in MOSCOW], and then he was living in Cracow in general Franciszek's home; here he was a member of the Science Cracow Association since 1848 - after 1873. Owner of TONIE. Unmarried.
Franciszek was a nephew of general Franciszek Maksymilian Paszkowski b. 1778 and
the nephew of Wojciech Paszkowski, who was member of the independent authorities of Galicia in 1809;
also he was the uncle of Franciszek Paszkowski, lawyer, b. 1853 died 1926.

Note to STRZYZEW, Kiedrzynski, Szeliski:

Kotlów in 1820, inf. on Juljanna Kiedrzynska from KOTLOW, Godmother - Rozalja nee Szeliski, Wiesiolowska owner of Strzyzew; Józef Wiesiolowski of Strzyzew, and witnesses Marjanna Kaszynska of Nowolepsze; Mikolaj Garlicki of Nowolepsze. In 1697-1701 in STRZYZEW was owner Dionizy Romanowicz, then in 1711 Zembrzuski: Karol and Helena.
Karol official in Sochaczew, maybe died in 1729, left 2 sons:
Józef and Antoni;
next in Strzyzew - Józef Zembrzuski, inf. 1748-56 in Sochaczew. Józef m. Barbara Witkowska, 2nd she married to Lasocki of Brochow; in Strzyzew lived 3 brothers:
Jakub of Sochaczew; Marceli; Edward. Named Edward Zembrzuski of Strzyzew fought in 1768 against Russians. Died in battle in 1771 near to Dobrzyn; then in Strzyzew was Jakub Zembrzuski of Sochaczew, in 1814 his cousin Józef Zembrzuski.

Ignacy LASOCKI, owner of Glewo in 1779, m. Bogumila Lebkowska, with sons:
Roman, Antoni, and Onufry - owner of KAWECZYN / Kawenczyn in the Plock county, inf. 1838; and next son Jakób + Ewa Sierakowska, of Krzemieniec, with son Franciszek, clerk in Plock in 1787, m. Helena Zembrzuska.

Note to LASOCKI:

Maryan LASOCKI, official at the King court in 1610, m. twice: Anna Stokowska, with sons:
Stanislaw Lasocki and Wojciech;
and 2nd married to Katarzyna Glowinska, with daughter Poliksena.
Named above Stanislaw m. Agnieszka Krosnowska, with son Jan Lasocki who married Jadwiga Kedzierska, with sons:
Michal; Antoni; Piotr Lasocki born 1699.

Mentioned Wojciech Lasocki married Teresa Trojanowski of Leczyca, with son Heronim.

Kacper LASOCKI, son of Jan owner of Brzeziny in 1620, m. lst Anna Dobruchowska, with son Jan; 2nd to Elzbieta Tarnowska, with sons: Mikolaj and Zygmunt.
Above Jan, clerk in Wyszogrod, m. Izabela Przerembska, with daughter Anna m. Aleksander Zapolski.
Above Zygmunt Lasocki, landowner of Brzeziny, Paprotnia and Rakowice, Wiaczen / Wiaczyn close to Lodz in 1699, married Teresa Swiejkowska, with sons: Lukasz and Maciej clerk in Wyszogrod in 1720.

Named above Lukasz, owner of Brzeziny, inf. in 1697 of Leczyca, m. Izabela Lezenska, with sons: Aleksander; Franciszek; Maksymilian and Zygmunt.

Above Aleksander, official in Leczyca in 1732, m. Konstancya Siemiradzka with daughter Zofia m. Jan Zóltowski official in Gostyn; and with son Kazimierz Lasocki m. Ewa Orzechowska,
with son Wincenty, owner of Kobylnik in the Radom county, inf. in the Kingdom of Poland in 1839, married Marya Rabsztynska.

Above Maksymilian, son of Lukasz and Lezenska, clerk in Brzesc Litewski in 1751, m. Katarzyna Przezdziecka with daughter Benigna Domaszewska and son Dyonizy owner of Krosnowo, official to the King Stanislaw August in 1788, m. Augustyna Szczepanska, of Parnawa.

We back to beginning:

Stanislaw LASOCKI, son of Stanislaw and Szydlowiecka, owner of Grabow, Wola Grabowska, Imbramowice and Gruszow, clerk in Leczyca in 1549, had 3 sons:
Abraham m. Zofia Czelatycka;
Jan;
Stanislaw, owner of Grabowo, m. Katarzyna Gizycka, with
daughter Anna Przerembska, and with son
Wojciech, owner of Brzeziny, m. Zuzanna Przerembska, of Cracow, with daughters:
Anna + Marcin Szydlowski;
Zofia + Janusz Stokowski;
and son Stanislaw Lasocki married Zofia Koniecpolska.

Jan LASOCKI owner of Grabowo and Wola Grabowska, clerk of the King court in 1587, had 4 sons:
Andrzej;
Jan [see below !];
Mikolaj;
Stanislaw m. Barbara Pukarzowska, with sons:
Stefan m. Zofia Gorajska;
Prokop, owner of Zglinno in 1650, m. Katarzyna Zelazo, with daughter
Katarzyna m. 1st WAWRZYNIEC Olszewski, 2nd Aleksander Rudzki.

Mentioned above Andrzej, owner of Beznik in 1640, had daughters:
Aleksandra + Stanislaw Manowski;
Anna 1st Stanislaw Dunin-Szpot, 2nd to Stanislaw Kaminski;
and Andrzej's sons:
1. Krzysztof;
2. Maciej + Zofia Radonska, with sons:
Maksymilian, Piotr and Stefan;
3. Stanislaw + Zofia Zaluska, with:
Maryanna Laskowska; Aleksander, Andrzej, Krzysztof and Remigian + Agnieszka Brolinska, with daughter
Ewa Kociszewska and Zofia Lutoszewska.

Above mentioned Jan, son of Jan, m. Anna Szpot, with 2 daughters:
Anna Kazimierska, Zuzanna Potrykowska of Rózan [see Roman family]; and with 4 sons:
Jan, Franciszek, Ludwik + Hijacynta Rokitnicka.

Now we back to WOLOWSKI - LASOCKI:

Count Bronislaw Lasocki, owner of Biezun and Stupsk, official in MLAWA, in Belgia in 1885, married Felicya Wolowska, with daughters:
Bronislawa + Bronislaw Kurtz; Halina Chometowska; Idalia; Jadwiga + Gustaw Romer;
Marya Lasocka + Leon Paszkowski;
Stefania + Kazimierz Rzewuski and others.
His son Czeslaw owner of Debniki, Pychowice and Spytkowice, MP, m. Idalia Soltan, of Mohylow, with daughters:
Janina + Antoni Lasocki; and Marya SKIRMUNT / Skirinunt.

Waleryan Lasocki b. 1745, son of Józef Lasocki 1690-1766 and PETRONELA Plochocka born 1710 [see below a genealogy of LEON PASZKOWSKI !], official in Ciechanow in 1782, m. Joanna Szydlowska.

Note to MOKRSKO close to Wielun:

1732 - Stanislaw Kozuchowski co-owner of Mokrsko, and holder of a printing housea.
1771 - Mokrsko also included the surrounding villages: Wróblew, Krzyworzece and Wierzbie.
Ca 1770, the landlord was Adam Lasocki, official in Sochaczew, MP in 1773-1775.

Antoni LASOCKI, son of Sebastian Lasocki and Sokolnicka, near to Dambski official in Inowroclaw in 1734, then in 1748 wrote down the ownership documents with his wife Franciszka Walknowska [see MOKRSKO], daughter of
Antoni WALKNOWSKI / Antoni Wierusz-Walknowski, b. 1680, official in WIELUN, and of Urszula Mielzynska
[Urszula Wierusz-Walknowska, born Mielzynska in 1689 {died in ca 1743}, to Maciej Mielzynski and Katarzyna Mycielska; Maciej MIELZYNSKI was born on August 31, 1636 [see below !]. Franciszka Walknowska - Lasocka had son Franciszek Wierusz-Walknowski].
Antoni LASOCKI, son of Sebastian Lasocki and Sokolnicka, bought in 1758 Chwalibogowo Struzne / Chwaliszew. He was the clerk in Kalisz in 1766, in Poznan in 1765, died in 1769.
Franciszka Walknowska - Lasocka had a brother Józef Walknowski; she died after 1781, or in 1791. Her sons:
Marceli Lasocki; Ignacy Piotr Józef Teodor b. 1750, inf. in Starogrod in 1781, died after 1806 as the priest in Lutogniew and Starogrod.
Franciszka's daughters: Antonina Anna Karolina Teresa, b. in Mszczyczyn in 1748, m. 1772-82 to Maciej Plonczynski; and Marianna (Marcjanna), b. 1751.

Named above Maciej Mielzynski, 1636 - 1697, clerk in Kcynia 1659 - 1660, in Srem 1683;
he had children:
Krzysztof Mielzynski (1670-1721) m. in 1693 to Anna Gorzycka - Kretkowska d. 1773; Ludwika Mielzynska (1673-1731) m. Rafal Tworzyjanski and 2nd to Adam Poninski; Franciszka Mielzynska (1677-1764) m. Andrzej Zakrzewski; Franciszek Mielzynski (1682-1738) m. Krystyna Skalecka - the Chobienice branch; Konstancja m. Franciszek Wessel; Elzbieta Mielzynska (1687-1716);
Urszula Mielzynska (1689-1743) m. Antoni Walknowski !
Urszula Wierusz-Walknowska, born in 1689, was the daughter of Maciej Mielzynski and Katarzyna Mycielska.

ADAM LASOCKI m. 1st ca 1770 to Apolonia Niemojowska, 2nd to Kunegunda Mikorska Css, daughter of Count Józef Mikorski. He was owner of ILOW; official in MOKRSKO in 1765; his son in Mokrsko in 1775 - Stanislaw Kostka LASOCKI.

The above branch come from:

Walenty LASOCKI, owner of Lasocin, Galki and Wola Galecka, inf. 1632, 1638, in Wyszogrod in 1644, MP, inf. 1648, 1656, married Anna Cybulska of Wyszogrod, with daughter
Marcyanna Golynska / HOLYNSKA, and with sons:
Adam - see below;
Mikolaj killed in 1652;
Pawel;
Albrychta-Adryana;
Wladyslaw, inf. 1656, 1665, in Wyszogrod in 1666, Zakroczym in 1678, inf. 1674, owner of KEPA, married twice: Anna Szawlowska of Wyszogrod, 2nd Katarzyna Bykowska, with sons:
Ewaryst Lasocki;
Piotr, inf. 1674 in Wyszogrod.

Named above Adam, owner of Kepa and Pniewniki, inf. 1651, Wyszogrod in 1656, 1674, m. Konstancya Brochowska of Sochaczew, with son
Michal Lasocki born 1656, inf. Wyszogrod in 1678, Rzeczyce, m. Barbara Walewska, of Leczyca
{Barbara Leszczynska, Lasocka, born Walewska, in 1635, daughter of Zygmunt Walewski and Helena Tarnowska; Barbara married Wladyslaw Leszczynski b. in 1610, in Leszno; 2nd Michal Lasocki in 1680; Barbara d. in 1704},
with son Józef-Stanislaw.

Named Józef Stanislaw Lasocki, owner of Galki and Kosno, inf. Leczyca in 1722, m. Barbara Jordan, of Braclaw, with son
Jan, owner of Galki, m. 1st Justyna Przezdziecka of Wyszogrod,
2nd he married Helena Ostrowska, of Sieradz, with daughters:
Barbara Dembinska, Maryanna Zielinska and with son Michal, owner of Kurdwanow and Gradow, inf. in Wyszogrod in 1789, m. 1st Agnieszka Szumowska, with daughter Konstancya; m. 2nd Antonina Malowieska, of Wyszogrod, with son Antoni Barnaba Onufry Lasocki, inf. 1849, + Julia Pawlowska.

Mentioned above Albrycht-Adryan, son of Walenty and Cybulska, owner of Brochów, Galki and Wola Galecka, at the King court in 1655, inf. 1665, Wyszogrod in 1671, 1690 in Inowroclaw, MP, m. Agnieszka Brochowska, of Zakroczym, with daughters:
Ewa + Adam Karnkowski of Wyszogrod;
Agnieszke Garczynska;
Pelicyanna Lasocka + Adam Walewski;
Katarzyna in Torun;
Maryanna + Józef Lukowski of Wyszogrod; Teresea Gasiorowska and 2 sons:
Adam Franciszek and
Piotr.

Named Adam Franciszek, owner of Brochow and Brzeziny, at the King court, inf. 1674 in Wyszogrod, 1690, m. 1st Maryanna Niszczycka, with sons:
Józef and Pawel,
and 2nd to Teofila Uminska, with daughter Dorota.

Above Józef, owner of Brzeziny, general-adjutant of Lithuanian Army in 1729, Leczyca in 1757, Gostyn, married Anna Grabowska, of Wielun, with son
Antoni Lasocki, owner of Brzeziny and Zukow, inf. in Gostyn, 1754, in 1764 in Rawa, in 1765 in the King Court, Gostyn in 1772, in Ciechanow in 1794, m. Teresa Laskowska, of Bielsko,
with daughter
Izabel Lasocka + Michal Oginski Duke
[Michal Kleofas Oginski, of Retow, b. 1765 in Guzow, d. 1833 in Florencja. Son of Andrzej and Paula Szembek - 1st to Celestyn Lubienski, 2nd to Jan Potocki; half-brother of Feliks Lubienski and Prot Potocki. Izabela Lasocka was his wife in 1789 to 1802, then Maria de Néri in 1802. He had children: Tomasz Antoni Oginski, Ireneusz Kleofas Oginski, Franciszek Ksawery Oginski, Amelia Zaluska, Ida Oginska, Emma Oginska].

Pawel, younger son of named above Adam Franciszek Lasocki, owner of Brochow, in Belz in 1729, inf. 1730 - 1735, Sochaczew in 1748, married Barbara Wilkowska / WALKNOWSKA [she m. 2nd Józef Zembrzuski of Sochaczew] with sons:
Adam [see below];
Roch - of Rawa inf. 1763, Sochaczew 1766, the King Court in 1775, MP; and
Seweryn.

Named Adam LASOCKI, owner of Brochow [see MOKRSKO - more below], Rawa in 1756, Rózan in 1757, Sochaczew in 1758, and in 1775; official in Mokrsko close to WIELUN in 1765 for next 50 years, m. twice:
1st Apolonia Niemojewska in 1770, with son Stanislaw Kostka Lasocki born ca 1770/1775 and with daughters:
Antonina + Jan Luszczewski;
Franciszka + Piotr Karnkowski;
and with son Stanislaw;
2nd married Kunegunda Mokrska, of Gostyn, with sons:
Michal [see below] and
Józef Lasocki.

Mentioned above Stanislaw / Stanislaw Kostka LASOCKI
[Agnieszka Lasocka, Maczynska, born Bogatko in 1760, daughter of Kazimierz Bogatko and Domicela Glebocka; Agnieszka had sister Marianna Jarmult-Mlicka; Agnieszka married Jan Wojciech Maczynski b. 1757, with son Andrzej Maczynski; 2nd she married Stanislaw Kostka - Lasocki, born in 1770/1775, with son Jan Nepomucen Lasocki],
owner of Brochow, official in Mokrsko in 1796, m. Agnieszka Bogatko, with son Jan Nepomucen Lasocki, owner of Brochow, MP in 1820, inf. 1839.

Above Michal, son of Adam, owner of Ilow in 1812, m. 1st Wiktorya Górska, with son Józef, landowner in Czerniki, 1837; m. 2nd Antonina Laczynska, of Gostyn, with sons:
Adryan inf. 1839, and Stefan inf. in 1842.
Named Adryan, owner of Czerwonka, m. Bronislawa Luszczewska, with sons:
Antoni + Pagowska; Michal + Jadwiga Karska.

Named Stefan LASOCKI, Senior, owner of Cieksyn, m. Anna Piechowicz, with son
Juliusz + Zofia Mikorska with son
Stefan LASOCKI junior + Marya Komorowska Css b. after 1876
{daughter of Jan Leopold Komorowski, 1833-1904, and Karolina TUR b. 1840; the granddaughter of Onufry Komorowski, 1794-1858, and Marianna Nowicka; the great-granddaughter of Jan Bonifacy Komorowski and Antonina Wisniewska; Jan Bonifacy was the son of Franciszek Antoni Komorowski, 1723-1800, and Franciszka Lukrecja von LUDINGHAUSEN; Franciszek Antoni was the son of BARTLOMIEJ KOMOROWSKI and Teresa OZIEMBLOWSKA b. ca 1700 - the grandson of JAN KOMOROWSKI died 1708, who was the son of MICHAL KOMOROWSKI},
with daughter Zofia born 1899.

Józef, the last son of above named Adam, owner of Ilow and Januszew, married Józefa Czarniecka, with sons:
Zygmunt, inf. 1837, owner of Piotrkow Zydowski, Wladyslaw, owner of Brochow, official in Plonsk;
Stanislaw + Woroniecka, inf. 1839.

We back to MOKRSKO close to Wielun:

Mokrsko was the property of the Wierusz Walknowski / Walichnowski family; ca 1750 mentioned above Adam Lasocki, official in Sochaczew.
Leon Paszkowski (1845-1904) m. Maria Lasocka; his parents:
Józef Paszkowski and Kazimiera Stompf.
Maria Lasocka's parents:
Bronislaw Lasocki and Felicja Wolowska.
Named Bronislaw Juliusz Edmund Lasocki, Count, 1828-1912 m. Felicja Zofia Wolowska, 1832-1906. Maria Lasocka's grandparents:
Daniel Tytus Lasocki, Count, 1785-1875; Monika Florentyna Józefa Nieznanska, 1801-1850; Adam Ernest Wolowski, 1798-1868 [see LEON KRONENBERG and Zbigniew Brzezinski's family] and Barbara Maryewska, 1796-1863.
Great-grandparents:
Walenty Lasocki official in Ciechanów [compare the ROMAN family] 1746-1793;
Józef Nieznanski, 1755-1825; Anna Szygowska and Anna Zielinska born in 1777.
Above WALENTY'S parents: Józef Lasocki 1690-1766 and Petronela Plochocka, b. ca 1710 [see above !], that is Józef Lasocki was born in 1690, son of Pawel Aleksander Lasocki and Teofila Gembart.

1775 - above named Stanislaw Kostka LASOCKI who was the son of Adam Lasocki b. ca 1740 [see above], and Apolonia Niemojowska b. ca 1740.

Note to PASZKOWSKI:
Ignacy Paszkowski a manager in Jaszuny under Radziwill in ca 1783;
Jan Paszkowski - a manager in Mokrsko close to WIELUN, in 1742, then in Brody ca 1776, and in the Cracow province in 1790. Then Stanislaw Makowski in Mokrsko in 1754.
Józef Paszkowski in Wrocimowice - 1724.
Józef Paszkowski, manager in Mierzewo - 1764; May 1764 in Jarzabkowo baptised Jakub Filip PASZKOWSKI, son of named Józef Paszkowski and Anna.
Michal Paszkowski, manager in Lyczanka, in the Siepraw parish, inf. Wieliczka - 1854. He lived in Lyczanka manor, m. Maria Osuchowska.
Mikolaj Paszkowski in Trojanów under Józefa Woronicz - 1792; inf. 1795.
Stefan Paszkowski in Radwance, in the Sokal parish in 1854.
Wojciech Paszkowski, manager in Wegrzynowice in the Górka parish in 1750.

BROCHOW
- 9 km north of Zelazowa Wola; 27 north to GUZOW of Oginski; 45 km north-west to Otrebusy.
In the Brochow church in 1806 get married Frederic Chopin's parents who was also baptized here.
In the 17th century the Lasocki family became the owner, and tried to make an urban (unsuccessful) location in 1667.
ADAM Lacocki acted in Sochaczew in 1775, b. ca 1740 in BROCHOW, d. 1796, MP in 1760, son of Pawel Lasocki, official in Belz, 1700- 1748 and Barbara Wilkowska / WALKNOWSKA b. ca 1700; ADAM LASOCKI m. 1st ca 1770 to Apolonia Niemojowska, 2nd to Kunegunda Mikorska Css, daughter of Count Józef Mikorski. He was owner of ILOW; official in MOKRSKO in 1765; his son in Mokrsko in 1775 - Stanislaw Kostka LASOCKI.

Adam Franciszek LASOCKI [1640-1715], owner of Brochow and Brzeziny, at the King court, inf. 1674 in Wyszogrod, 1690, m. 1st Maryanna Niszczycka, with sons: Józef and Pawel.
Above Józef LASOCKI, owner of Brzeziny, general-adjutant of Lithuanian Army in 1729, Leczyca in 1757, Gostyn, married Anna Grabowska, of Wielun, with son
Antoni Lasocki, owner of Brzeziny and Zukow, inf. in Gostyn, 1754, in 1764 in Rawa, in 1765 in the King Court, Gostyn in 1772, in Ciechanow in 1794, m. Teresa Laskowska, of Bielsko, with daughter
Izabel Lasocka + Michal Oginski Duke / Michal Kleofas Oginski, of Retow, b. 1765 in Guzow, d. 1833 in Florencja.

Pawel Lasocki [1700-1748], younger son of named above Adam Franciszek Lasocki, owner of Brochow, in Belz in 1729, inf. 1730 - 1735, Sochaczew in 1748, married Barbara Wilkowska / WALKNOWSKA [she m. 2nd Józef Zembrzuski of Sochaczew] with sons:
Adam [see below];
Roch - of Rawa inf. 1763, Sochaczew 1766, the King Court in 1775, MP; and
Seweryn.

Named Adam LASOCKI [1740-1796], owner of Brochow [see MOKRSKO - more below], Rawa in 1756, Rózan in 1757, Sochaczew in 1758, and in 1775, official in Mokrsko close to WIELUN for next 50 years [1765], m. twice: 1st Apolonia Niemojewska in 1770 [with son Stanislaw Kostka];
2nd married Kunegunda Mokrska in 1790, of Gostyn, with sons:
Michal / Michal Maurycy Mateusz Lasocki
and Józef Lasocki.

Mentioned above Stanislaw / Stanislaw Kostka Lasocki [b. ca 1770 or in 1775] - married twice [1st in ca 1790/1793 to Agnieszka BOGATKO], owner of Brochow, official in Mokrsko [his father here in 1765-1796], m. Agnieszka Bogatko, with son Jan Nepomucen Lasocki, owner of Brochow, MP in 1820, inf. 1839.

Above Michal Kleofas Ogiński, owner of the Helenow palace, Otrębusy, Komorów, Helenow and Opacz, was born as Michal Kleofas Oginski in Guzów close to Zyrardow on 7 October 1765; was a Polish and later Russian statesman, a Polish insurrectionary and composer; his father Andrzej Oginski was governor of Trakai, in Lithuania; his mother, Paulina nee Szembek.
Michal Kleofas Oginski in 1801 was living with his wife Izabela LASOCKA and two infant sons, Tadeusz and Xavier / KSAWERY OGINSKI, at his wife's family's estate at Brzeziny, to the south west (see Otrebusy) of Warsaw.
Michal Kazimierz Oginski b. 1728 / 1730 or in Warsaw in 1731, d. on May 31, 1800 Slonim or Warszawa, in 1755 was landowner of Helenow and Otrebusy, to his death in 1800, next owner of Otrebusy (and Helenow) was Michal Kleofas Ogiski to his death in 1833, and after Helenow village of the Oginski family, in ca 1800 come to hands of Tadeusz Ostrowski (ca 1800 to 1817 Tomasz Adam Ostrowski, 1833-1855 Wincenty Arkuszewski, after him Stanislaw Potocki and Jakub Ksawery Potocki).
In 1781 above named Michal Kazimierz Oginski was appointed deputy of the Lithuanian provinces, and a year later went abroad. He was in Brussels, Amsterdam, Berlin, Vienna, traveled to England.

Bogdan Wiktor Soltan b. 1861 - d. 1912, married to Maria Franciszka Soltan b. 1863, with his daughter - Maria Emilia Soltan b. 1889 in Aninsk and died 1963, m. Zdzisław Henryk Grocholski - her daughter Maria Grocholska b. 1911 Pietniczany and died in 1940 Otrebusy close to Brwinow.

Maciej Lubienski (b. - 1710) was brother of Stanislaw Lubienski, and was the landlord of above Kalinowa - he was the Sieradz officer; in the village of Kalinowa, central Poland, is the former mansion-house of families Lubienski, and later Murzynowski; is situated 66 km south-west of Lódz, the above mansion had built and owned Wojciech Jan Lubienski / Wojciech January Lubienski before 1652; the last owner of the Lubienski noble family was Feliks Lubienski (1758-1848), who moved his residence to Guzów in 1797 - see Chopin, Breguet, Oginski in Otrebusy!
Celestyn LUBIENSKI, son of Florian LUBIENSKI and Walewska, was court officer in 1753, d. 1759, m. Paulina (Paula) Szembek, 2 voto Jan Potocki of Guzow, 3rd in 1763 to Andrzej Ogiński of Troki, she died 1787.
Above Florian Lubienski died in Warsaw in 1760. He 1st m. in 1730 to Bogumiła Teofila Walewska d. before 1755, daughter of Wojciech, and Domicella Nowomiejska; m. 2nd Marianna Wilkowska, widowed after Stefan Trębiński, she died in 1787.

Józef Kalinowski ca 1790-1825 owner of Kamionka Wielka, Machnowka, Lubar, Udnow + Emilia Potocka b. ca 1791 in Guzow; the daughter of Prot Antoni Potocki 1761-1801 owner of Machnowka in the Berdyczow county, and her mother was
Marianna Maria Lubomirska d. 1810 1st m. to Prot Antoni Potocki, 2nd to General Walerian Zubow, 3rd to General Teodor Uwarow / Uvarov. MARIANNA was daughter of Kacper Lubomirski d. 1780.
JOZEF KALINOWSKI'S children:
Józefina Kalinowska + Ireneusz Kleofas Oginski,
Olga Kalinowska + Ireneusz Kleofas Oginski,
Seweryna Kalinowska,
and Maria Kalinowska m. Trubecka / Duke Trubecki.

Note to MICHAL WALEWSKI of Sieradz:

Michal Walewski - the brother of ADAM WALEWSKI; the owner of Targowa Górka, Raclawki and SLAWECIN. Michal Walewski b. 1735, died in 1806, a governor of the Sieradz province in 1785-1792. Inf. 1764.
MICHAL Walewski was the owner of Koscielec
[note: Ignacy Remiszowski, 1762, Koscielec; Ignacy Bleszynski in 1754 in Koscielec; Jakub Tuchowski, 1762, Koscielec, a manager; and see - Józef Walewski in 1745 in Tczyca, official in Cracow. Close to CZESTOCHOWA - above Michal Kolumna Walewski - owner of a part of Koscielec].
Michal Walewski b. 1735, died in 1806, was owner of Lapszow by the Horyn river [in VOLHYNIA - see brother of Jan Paszkowski b. 1742 close to Wielun], and Wlostowice [Wlostowice-Parcele and named WLOSTOWICE at way from PIATEK to KUTNO; west to Walewice and north-west to Bielawy].
6 km south to Berezne by the Slucz river, is situated Mokwin, north-east to TUCZYN - land of Walewski with a manor; near to Trzebuchowski; here inf. about Lubomirski in 1750. Close to Cholopy, land of Zbaraski and Czartoryski, Siemaszko and Danilowicz, then in the 19th century - Jackowski.

Kasper Lubomirski divided the estates, also named above Tuczyn over Horyn [30 km north-east to ROWNE / Rivne] was sold in 1775 to above MICHAL Walewski.

Zofia Anna Danilowicz, relatives to Stanislaw, married Jan Cetner, officiel in LWOW - she was landlord of named Tuczyn. Her daughter - Teofila Teresa CETNER (b. 1690, d. 1741), owner of TUCZYN, m. in 1720 to Józef Potocki of Krystynopol, with a son Franciszek Salezy Potocki.
Józef Felicjan Potocki b. 1666, died in 1723; his parents:
Feliks Kazimierz Potocki and Krystyna Lubomirska;
children: Franciszek Salezy Potocki and Antonina Potocka.
Feliks Kazimierz Potocki b. 1630 in Cracow, d. 1702 in Krystynpol / Krystynopol, officiel in Cracow in 1683, Kiev in 1682, Sieradz in 1669.
His parents: Stanislaw Rewera Potocki and his second wife Zofia Kalinowska
{b. ca 1600, d. 1645, daughter of Walenty Aleksander Kalinowski, ca 1584 - 1620, granddaughter of Marcin Kalinowski and Zofia SIECIECH-SZCZAWINSKI. MARCIN was a son of Jan Kalinowski. WALENTY married Elzbieta STRUS daughter of JERZY STRUS}.

See below on another, not the same Józef Potocki, 1673 - died 1751; JOZEF was the son of ANDRZEJ POTOCKI died 1691 and grandson of named above Stanislaw Rewera Potocki 1579 - 1667, who was the son of Andrzej Potocki senior 1552-1609.
Józef Potocki of Krystynopol, in 1720 taken Tuczyn in VOLHYNIA. In 1734 Franciszek Salezy Potocki, governor of Kiev, sold Tuczyn to hands of Stanislaw Lubomirski of Równe.
Stanislaw Lubomirski had 4 sons, and they in 1755 divided TUCZYN, also with Szubki and 9 farms; Tuczyn bought named above Michal Walewski of Sieradz.

MICHAL Walewski come from a branch of sons to Adam Mikolaj Walewski (see below - died in 1587) + Anna Firlej, clerk in ELBLAG [see Paszkowski in MALBORK], that is
1. Mikolaj Walewski, landlord of Walewice, official in ELBLAG, and Naklo, m. twice to Dorpowska and to Padniewska;
2. and second son Piotr (see below - d. ca 1605), m. Jadwiga Rembiewska.

Michal Walewski, was the son of Marcin (ca 1710 - d. 1789), from line of named PIOTR - see more below.

MARCIN Walewski married Antonina Magdalena Szembek (d. 1744), mother of Tuczyn's owner, and 2nd time to Marcjanna Romer (d. 1761).
Marcin was the son of Kazimierz Franciszek Walewski d. 1733; grandson of JAN died 1703; great-grandson of Stefan who was the son of ROSCISLAW WALEWSKI; Roscislaw was a son of Rembiewska and Piotr Walewski [see above - from Adam Mikolaj Walewski d. 1587; who was the son of Mikolaj Walewski of Walewice, senior].
Michal Walewski (1735-1806) lived in Tuczyn, m. 1st Jadwiga Walewska, daughter of Józef Walewski and Maria Ludwika Walewska; Jadwiga was owner of Walewice; 2nd marriage to Ksawera Turno [see above Targowa Górka, Raclawki and SLAWECIN]. 3rd time married to Szczesna Michalowska.
His three sons:
Józef (d. 1813), m. Maria Czacka; Wojciech m. Prakseda Maszkiewicz; Hieronim m. Cecylia Potocka (d. ca 1865), daughter of Jerzy Michal POTOCKI of Tlumacz and his second wife Tekla Jablonowski.
Michal's daughter Teodozja m. Jan Stecki of Miedzyrzecz Korecki, 2nd to Duke Stanislaw Jablonowski of Annopol.
Teresa - 2nd daughter of MICHAL - married Adam Bierzynski;
Karolina m. Aleksander Chodkiewicz of Mlynow.

In 1806, Tuczyn was inherited by son Józef Walewski, exiled in 1812, were he died in 1813. His son Michal (d. ca 1869), inherited Tuczyn in 1813; he married Oktawia Lenkiewicz, 2nd to Amelia Czetwertynska. Amelia had 2 sons:
Józef unmarried, and Michal junior, m. Sobieszczanska; and she had 2 daughters: Jadwiga unmarried, and Leopoldyna Przesmycka.
ARTUR was the son of above Michal junior Walewski owner of Tuczyn.
In 1890 Tuczyn was bought by Trubecki; 1910 to Otwinowski / Otfinowski - before 1939 to Olga Otwinowska.

Note to named above KOSCIELEC near to Czestochowa:
In 1824 Franciszka Aniela Kiedrzynska was born - daughter of Adam Kiedrzynski and Anastazja Bleszynska in Sulmierzyce, close to WOLA PSZCZOLECKA.
Izabela Faustyna Bleszynska had daughter in 1859 in Sulmierzyce.
Ignacy Bleszynski lived in Luszowice, close to Koscielec.
Antoni Kiedrzynski, owner of Wierzchowisko ca 5 km north of Kiedrzyn - north of Czestochowa (8 km south-east of Kamyk, and 6 km south-west of Koscielec of the Madalinskis), inf. of 1791. He was born 1751 in Kiedrzyn [see Izydor Kiedrzynski b. 1749, lived in JEDLNO of Walewski].
The Madalinski family estates close to Czestochowa:
Madalin, north-west of Karolin, 3 km north of Koscielec [Michal Walewski], 19 km south of Jedlno; 15 km south of Jankowice. Marianka Redzinska 3 km south of Koscielec. Close to Kuznica Kiedrzynska and Kiedrzyn.
Ignacy Konopnicki son of Piotr, was born in ca 1774; 1784 studied in Kalisz, 1802 back to the country, married to Tekla Potocki, widow after death of Franciszek Byszewski;
Tekla Potocka b. in Horbulow in the Kiev province, daughter of Maksymilian Potocki, Colonel, and Katarzyna Letkowski, 1778 married to Franciszek Byszewski, Major in 1792, the Uprising of 1794, owner of Krzewac / Krzewata close to Klodawa, in the Leczyca province; Ignacy Konopnicki m. in 1802 in Klodawa, with son Wawrzyniec; 1807 again owner of Milejów;
Tekla Konopnicka died before 1808, and Ignacy Konopnicki married second time with younger on 20 years - Józefa Walewska, daughter of Jan Walewski, a judge of Ostrzeszow, owner of Makolice, and of Marianna Psarski; Józefa Walewska was owner of Koscielec in the Ostrzeszow county, with children:
Eleonora, b. 1809, m. Stanislaw Zychlinski, Hieronim, b. 1811, Wojciech Józef, b. 1816; Ignacy Konopnicki son of Piotr died in 1832 in Piekarskie Mlyny; Józefa, d. 1836. The 3rd son of Piotr - Józef Konopnicki, lived in 1793 in Milejow, married to Magdalena Byszewska. Melchior Konopnicki son of Piotr, born in 1780; 1828 in Bronowo; next son - Michal Konopnicki (1780-1843).

Ludwik Józef Augustyn MADALINSKI 1803 - 1854, was owner of Koscielec and Madalinow, with Marianka, Madalin, Karolin, Palestyna close to Czestochowa, since 1832 from hands of Józefa nee Walewska Konopnicka, because Ignacy Konopnicki son of Piotr died in 1832 in Piekarskie Mlyny.

Above Madalin and Koscielec are situated only several km east to Kiedrzyn and Kuznica Kiedrzynska of the Kiedrzynski family to 1815.

Anna Madalinski b. 1797 m. 1821 to Józef Julian Walewski son of Andrzej WALEWSKI and Antonina Czartkowski, owner of Wola Balucka.

Ludwik Józef Augustyn MADALINSKI 1803 - 1854, owner of Koscielec [KOSCIELEC - east of Kamyk, 14km; 3 km south of MADALIN; 5 km north to REDZINY. That is north-east-north to CZESTOCHOWA] and Madalinow [see below - MADALIN, 10 km east to KUZNICA KIEDRZYNSKA and 14 east to KAMYK], with Marianka, Madalin, Karolin, Palestyna close to Czestochowa, since 1832 from hands of Józefa nee Walewska, Konopnicka.

ELEONORA Konopnicka (ca 1810-after 1838), daughter of Ignacy and Józefa Walewski; born in Mysliniów, and married in 1838 in Myslniów. Myslniów / Myslniew, in the Kobylagóra parish; see Teresa Sielnicka. Kobylagóra - see Marianna Urszula Psarska daughter of Fryderyk Jakub Psarski.

Note to above named Targowa Górka, Raclawki and SLAWECIN:
here Turno and Walewski: Jan Turno sold estates in 1732 to his son Zygmunt Turno that is Targowa Górka, Raclawki and Oledry Slawecinskie, and also Nekla with Oledry Nekielskie, Starczanowo and Stroszki. Zygmunt Turno m. Krystyna nee Szembek; then his son Stefan Turno owned Targowa Górka, Raclawki, Oledry Slawecinskie and next he sold this estates to Michal Walewski in 1783; Michal sold Targowa Górka, Raclawki and Slawecin to Mateusz Drogonski.
Targowa Górka - 11 km west of WRZESNIA;
Slawecin / Schlagentin - south to RACLAWKI;
Raclawki - 9 km east of CHOJNICE, ex-Pomorski province.

Note to BRODY and GUZOW:

Stanislaw Zólkiewski in 1584, then Koniecpolski, Sobieski, Potocki and Mlodecki; after Aleksander Koniecpolski - Jakub Sobieski, but he sold - in 1704 - Brody to Potocki. In 1772 under the authority of Austria.
Stanislaw Potocki {1698-1760} built here a palace; here in 1755 his daughter Teofila married Fryderyk Moszczynski; Stanislaw Potocki - owner of BRODY, official in Poznan in 1756, in Kiev in 1744, Smolensk in 1735;
Stanislaw was the son of Józef Potocki, 1673 - died 1751, and his 1st wife Wiktoria Leszczynski, 1682 - 1732;
JOZEF was the son of ANDRZEJ POTOCKI died 1691, and grandson of Stanislaw Rewera Potocki 1579 - 1667, who was the son of Andrzej Potocki senior 1552-1609, and grandson of Mikolaj Potocki ca 1517 in Potok, died in 1572 in Krakow - see below.
Stanislaw's children:
Anna Elzbieta Potocka died 1772 + Franciszek Salezy Potocki, 1720-1772, son of Jozef Potocki died 1723;
Antoni Potocki; Józef Potocki MP, Piotr Potocki, Franciszek Ksawery Potocki, Wincenty Potocki MP, Wiktoria; Ludwika; Ignacy; Michal; Ksawery; above named Teofilia Potocka m. in 1755 in BRODY.

Compare:
Mother of Nestor Trubecki or Nester Trubiacki / Troubetzkoy vel Nestor Kalinowski was countess Maria Kalinowska. Probably she was born after 1805 - ca 1819 and it was the same age as Maria Paszkowska / Mary Armand nee Paszkowski. The genealogy of Maria Kalinowska has to be proven, but it appears that the family was listed below:
her mother Emilia Potocka b. 1790 and married Kalinowski and second time married to Czeliszczew;
father Josif / Jozef / Osip Kalinowski b. after 1780 ? and died 1825;
grandfather was Seweryn Ksawery Kalinowski b. 1759 and
grandmother Elzbieta Bielska from Olbrachcice b. ca 1760.

Above Emilia Potocka married first to Kalinowski and second time to Czeliszczew, was born 1790 and her parents: Protazy Antoni Potocki b. 1761 and mother Marianna Lubomirska (Zubow, Potocki, Uwarow) born 1773 or Marianna Elzbieta Lubomirska b. ca 1766 - 1810.

Marianna Elzbieta Uvarova nee Lubomirska, ca 1766 - d. 1810, was daughter of Kasper Lubomirski and Barbara Poninska;
wife of Protazy Antoni Potocki
{1761 in Guzów - died 1801; son of Jan Prosper Potocki ca 1730-1761/1762 + Paula Szembek d. 1798}
[Protazy Antoni Potocki was the grandson of Antoni Michal Potocki d. 1765 / 1766 + Ludwika Maria Sapieha 1695-1766; great-grandson of Aleksander Jan Potocki ca 1662-1714, and Teresa TARLO; and great-great-grandson of PAWEL POTOCKI d. 1674 and Eleonora SOLTYK daughter of PIOTR SOLTYK.
Pawel was the son of Stefan Potocki, born in 1568, d. 1631 + in 1606 to Maria Movila, born in 1592 and grandson of Mikolaj Potocki, d. 1572 - see above.
Compare with: Stanislaw Rewera Potocki 1579 - 1667, who was the son of Andrzej Potocki senior 1552-1609, and grandson of named Mikolaj Potocki ca 1517 in Potok, died in 1572 in Krakow].
Above Paula nee Szembek OGINSKA
[born in 1737 in BRZESC LITEWSKI, died in 1798 in GUZOW or in Miedniewice, 5 km south-west to GUZOW and north-west of Zyrardow. Paula nee Szembek OGINSKA LUBIENSKA, born in 1737 in BRZESC LITEWSKI, was again the owner of GUZOW in 1795 from hands Karl Georg von Hoym: she was the wife of mentioned above Jan Prosper Potockim d. 1761/1762.
Her sons: Antoni Protazy Potocki (1761-1801) and son FELIKS LUBIENSKI.
Feliks exchanged with Karl Georg von Hoym his estates:
Kalinowa {7 km north-east to BLASZKI} and SZCZYTNIKI {9 km north-west to BLASZKI. Compare also BOBROWNIKI by the Prosna river of Madalinski and Kiedrzynski - 30 km south-west to BLASZKI}
for GUZOW and he moved from Kalinowa to Guzów, where he eventually settled permanently in 1823.
Paula Oginska died in 1798].

Note to GUZOW:

The first owner of Guzów (moved home from Szczytniki) was in the late eighteenth century Lubienski Felix de Valois (1758-1848), later Minister of Justice of the Duchy of Warsaw. The only son of Felix de Valois and Teresa Belinsky was Francis Xavier Lubienski (Franciszek Ksawery Lubienski b. 1784 in Szczytniki, died in Guzow) who had two sons:
Kazimierz born in 1801 (mother Anna Milkowska) and
Seweryn was born 1811 or born in 1812 (the mother Paulina Potocki - see below).

But another Seweryn Potocki of the Pilawa coat of arms (born 1762 in Kurylówka, died September 16, 1829) - Polish MP, senator, great crown prince, secretary and member of the Council of State. He had daughters:
1. EMMA [Emma Teresa Seweryna Potocka 1786-1858 + Piotr Strzyzowski, 1777-1854];
2. named Paulina Potocka 1793-1856 + Franciszek Ksawery Lubienski, Count, 1784-1826.

Seweryn born 1762, with the family moved to the property of the Potocki (Milanow) on the north border of the Lublin province, close to Radzyn Podlaski; Seweryn grew up at the court in Jablon at the property of his aunt Emma Potocki Strzyzowski. Count Seweryn Potocki in 1810 to convey the estate of Jablon to oldest daughter Emme / Emma, she married in 1810 to a Polish Army Colonel Piotr / Peter Strzyzowski; Piotr Strzyzowski was a participant in the Napoleonic campaigns, he settled in Jablon with spouse Emma.

PAULINA POTOCKA LUBIENSKA had son SEWERYN junior:
In 1836 Seweryn Lubienski (1811-1855) junior, married Amelia Jezierska (1813-1885) and had 4 daughters and 5 sons: Witold LUBIENSKI b. 1841 was grew up under uncle Piotr Strzyzowski, then bought Zasow / Zassow estate in ca 1870; Strzyzowskich Piotr, d. 1855; Emma d. 1856 - assume ownership of Jablon to Amelia Jezierski Lubienski, widow of Seweryn, nephew of Strzyzowski. The next thirty years Jablon was property of the Lubienskis. Amelia was formed in Jablon and around five schools in rural areas. During the January Uprising 1863 the palaces in Jablon and Kolano
[Seweryn Lubienski owner of Kolano and Rudzieniec; b. 1811 / 1812 - d. 1855 in Wenecja / Venice / Veneto, Italy; was son of Franciszek Ksawery Lubienski b. 1784 in Szczytniki, died in Guzow]
were the center of conspiracy and assistance to insurgents - Kazimierz Lubienski [1843-1908] who was Amelia Lubienski's son was forced to leave the property. Threatened with deportation to Siberia, Amelia Jezierska Lubienska changed home to a more civilized manor of the eldest son Witold / Vytautas LUBIENSKI - in Zassow / Zasow / Zasowo in AUSTRIA.

Tadeusz Lubienski 1872 - 1942, was the son of Witold Józef Lubienski
[1841 - 1892, son of Seweryn Lubienski
{Seweryn Lubienski 1812 - 1855 in Venice, son of Franciszek Ksawery Lubienski
(1784 - 1826, was the son of Count Feliks Walezjusz Wladyslaw Lubienski
[born in 1758 in Skala / Kraków, d. 1848 in Guzów, close to Zyrardów, son of Celestyn Lubienski and Paula Oginska]
and Tekla Teresa Katarzyna BIELINSKA)
and Paulina POTOCKI}
and Amelia GOLABEK-JEZIERSKA]
and Elzbieta Teresa Józefa Dzierzykraj - MORAWSKA.

Above Paula Oginska Szembek, burned in Miedniewice, was born 1737, d. 1798, she was wife of mentioned Celestyn Lubienski,
Jan Prosper Potocki, and
Andrzej Ignacy Oginski!

PAULA was the mother of Feliks Walezjusz Lubienski,
Michal Kleofas Oginski, (see: Komorowski, von Ronne, Mielzynski, Bilewicz, Pilsudski, Trubecki, Kalinowski, Konstantynowicz, Tallinn, Italy, Napoleon...),
and Józefa Zofia Lopacinska.

Prot Antoni Potocki 1761-1801 m. Marianna Elzbieta Lubomirska, with daughter
Emilia Potocka b. 1790 m. Józef Kalinowski, 1785-1825, 2nd Czeliszczew.

Marianna Elzbieta Lubomirska m. Count Valerian Zubov [with Aleksandr Valerianovich Zubov; Platon Valerianovich Zubov, and Elizaveta Valerianovna Voieikova], and Uvarov.

Named Emilia Kalinowska married to Jozef Kalinowski (Josef / Osip Kalinowski general of Polish Army, b. ca after 1780, died 1825).

We back to PASZKOWSKI:

The Linowa estate, in the Pruzany county, 23 km to Szereszow, 8 km to Pruzany, with villages: Horodniany, Slonimce, Olszany, Zahorze / ZAGOR'E, Smolany / SMALIANY, Podziensienie, Worotne, Zaniewicze, Obsze, in the 19th cent. owned by the Trebicki family. ZAHORZE is situated south-west to Mereczowszczyzna of Kosciuszko, 48 km.
Mereczowszczyzna / Mierieczewszczina, 2 km north-west of KOSOW POLESKI; owned by Kosciuszko from hands of SAPIEHA; 1733 - 1764 belonged to Ludwik Tadeusz Kosciuszko, then Kosciuszko moved to Siechnowicze - south-west to Pruzany. Tadeusz Kosciuszko was born in named Mereczowszczyzna. Ambrozy Kazimierz Kosciuszko (1667 - ca 1720 in Siechnowicze) son of Aleksander Jan Kosciuszko, the grandfather of Tadeusz Kosciuszko. Ambrozy's son: LUDWIK TADEUSZ KOSCIUSZKO, 1700 - 1758 + Tekla Ratomska, with children: Tadeusz Kosciuszko b. 1746, Józef Kosciuszko, Anna Kosciuszko and Katarzyna Kosciuszko. Ludwik Tadeusz Kosciuszko (1700 - 1758) official in Brzesc Litewski, in 1740 married Tekla Ratomski. Ludwik Tadeusz Kosciuszko devolved Siechnowicze Male with Stepanki, Nowosiólki and Konotopy, to his uncle Faustyn Benedykt Kosciuszko; Ludwik rented Mereczowszczyzna.
Mentioned Zahorze - 4 km north-east to Smaliany; Zagorie / Zahorze / Zagor'e, east to Pruzana / Pruzany. Named Smaliany / Smolany - 9 km east to PRUZANY.

POLONNE:

Adam Walewski + Józefa Lubomirska had 2 children: Tadeusz Walewski (1795-1855), in 1828 m. to Anna Karwicka / Ann Dunin- Karwicka (1797-1881), daughter of General Krzysztof Karwicki. Tadeusz Walewski took Polonne at Polonszczyzna after Callistus Poninski. Subsequent owners were Jozef Dunin-Karwicki and Henry Stecki. The Adam Walewski family, the royal army brigadier, from the hands of his wife received the Polonna estate; others assets taken Mary Elizabeth Potocka [Marianna Elzbieta Uvarov POTOCKA nee Lubomirska, ca 1766 - d. 1810, was daughter of Kasper Lubomirski and Barbara Poninska].
POLONNE in 1621 was taken by Zofia Ostrogska [see PASZKOWSKI in POLONNE ca 1640]; she was died in 1623, then her husband Stanislaw Lubomirski b. 1583 [see below - Stanislaw Herakliusz Lubomirski's father was Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski, grandfather was named STANISLAW b. 1583],
and next owner was his son - 1642 - Konstanty Lubomirski / Konstanty Jacek Lubomirski (1620-1663).
Above duke Konstanty Jacek Lubomirski (1620-1663) owned Jaroslaw and Pelkin, had sisters: Konstancja and Anna Krystyna Lubomirska married Stanislaw Albrycht Radziwill; and he had brothers: Jerzy Sebastian (1616-1667), Marshal of Poland; and Aleksander Michal (ca 1614-1677) of Cracow.

Above Stanislaw Lubomirski b. 1583 - died in 1649, was the son of Sebastian [see below] and Anna Branicki. Studied in Monachium and in Padwa.
Above SEBASTIAN: ca 1546 - 1613, was the son of Stanislaw Lubomirski and Barbara Hruszowska.
His children:
Stanislaw Lubomirski, Joachim Lubomirski, Katarzyna Lubomirska, Zofia Lubomirska, Barbara Lubomirska, Krystyna Lubomirska.

Mentioned above Adam Walewski + Jozefina or Józefa Lubomirska had 2 children:
a. above named Tadeusz Walewski (1795-1855), in 1828 m. to Anna Karwicka / Ann Dunin-Karwicka (1797-1881), daughter of General Krzysztof Karwicki;
b. Izabela Walewska.

Jozefina or Józefa Walewska nee Lubomirska married to Brigadier Adam Walewski, brother of Michal Walewski, the Voivode / governor of Sieradz. Michal Walewski 1735 / 1740 - 1806, was Voivode of Sieradz in 1785-1792.

Kasper Lubomirski [see below on his daughter !] divided the estates, also the Tuczyn over Horyn was sold in 1775 to Michael / MICHAL Walewski.
Marianna Elzbieta Uvarov nee Lubomirska, ca 1766 - d. 1810, was daughter of named Kasper Lubomirski [his daughters: Józefa WALEWSKA and named Marianna UVAROV] and Barbara Poninska
(Kasper Lubomirski, b. 1724 in POLONNE - 1780, Freemason, was son of
Teodor Lubomirski and Elisabeth / Elzbieta Marianna.
Teodor / Johann Theodor Lubomirski 1697 - 1745, was the son of
Stanislaw Herakliusz Lubomirski and Elzbieta Denhoff;
brother of Józef Lubomirski and Franciszek Lubomirski, half brother of Elzbieta Sieniawska and Elzbieta Lubomirska).
Above
Stanislaw Herakliusz Lubomirski (1642 close to Cracow - d. 1702) was the son of Jerzy Sebastian [Jerzy Sebastian (1616-1667), Marshal of Poland]; Stanislaw Herakliusz Lubomirski was the brother of Hieronim Augustyn and Aleksander Michal (d. 1673).
Stanislaw Herakliusz Lubomirski had sister Krystyna (d. 1689), m. Feliks Kazimierz Potocki, of Krasnystaw and Hrubieszow.
Stanislaw Herakliusz Lubomirski's father was Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski. Stanislaw Herakliusz Lubomirski m. twice: Zofia Opalinska (1642-1675), and 2nd to Elzbieta Denhoff (d. 1702).
Above JERZY SEBASTIAN [Jerzy Sebastian (1616-1667), Marshal of Poland]:
his father was Stanislaw Lubomirski - Stanislaw Lubomirski b. 1583, d. 1649, and mother was Zofia Ostrogska [see POLONNE in 1621].
JERZY'S children:
Stanislaw Herakliusz Lubomirski, Aleksander Michal Lubomirski, Hieronim Augustyn Lubomirski, Krystyna Lubomirska, Franciszek Sebastian Lubomirski, Jerzy Dominik Lubomirski, Anna Krystyna Lubomirska.

Mentioned above
Marianna Elzbieta Uvarova nee Lubomirska, born ca 1766, was wife of Protazy Antoni Potocki; Count Valerian Zubov, and Uvarov;
she was mother of Emilia Potocka + Jozef Kalinowski;
Aleksandr Valerianovich Zubov; Platon Valerianovich Zubov, and Elizaveta Valerianovna Voieikova.

Marianna Elzbieta Uvarova nee Lubomirska was sister of Józefa Walewska. Józefa Walewska nee Lubomirska, b. ca 1764 - 1851; wife of Adam Walewski and Jan Witt, Count;
copyright by Leszek Mila.
Adam Walewski b. ca 1750 was son of Marcin Walewski 1700 - 1761, who was son of Franciszek Walewski and Felicja.

Jan Paszkowski, born in 1742 + 1st to unknown, + 2nd married Petronela Kulikowska with son Dominik Paszkowski, b. 1783 in Brody, d. 1866 + Anna Niemojewska, died in 1872 (tomb in Kraków). Jan Paszkowski senior, b. in 1742, was living in Mokrsko, moved home to Ukraine in Brody; in 1790/1791 he was living in the Cracow province.

Franciszek Maksymilian Paszkowski, b. 12.10.1778 in Brody (to 1st wife of Jan), d. 10.3.1856 in Cracow, General, Virtuti Militari, owner of Tonie close to Cracow, tomb in Cracow - Rakowice, was half-brother of above Dominik Paszkowski.

Dominik Paszkowski was father of Józef Franciszek Paszkowski b. 1817.

Jozef Niemojowski / Niemojewski 1760-1836 m. ca 1790 to Ludwika Walewska 1775-1863, with Leon Michal b. 1798; Izabella Salomea Niemojowska b. 1801; Adolf Józef 1802-1873; Edward 1810-1874; Józef Niemojowski 1840-1857; and above named oldest daughter Anna NIEMOJEWSKA b. ca 1795 died 1872, married Paszkowski?

Anna PASZKOWSKA - Niemojewska was born ca 1795 ?, died 1872

[she married Dominik Paszkowski, b. 1783 in Brody, d. 1866. Franciszek Maksymilian Paszkowski, b. 12.10.1778 in Brody (to 1st wife of Jan), d. 10.3.1856 in Cracow, General, Virtuti Militari, owner of Tonie close to Cracow, tomb in Cracow - Rakowice, was half-brother of above Dominik Paszkowski. General's daughter married ARMAND in MOSCOW, with family relationships to Anna KONSTANTYNOWICZ wife of Apolon Konstantynowicz - see Duflon, Breguet, Trubecki]:

acc. to me, ANNA'S mother was Ludwika nee Walewska - NIEMOJEWSKA, 1775-1863 and her grandfather was Józef Kalasanty Walewski {b. 1720/1740 ?} 1747-1792 {died 1770 ?} + Paulina Pulina Radolinska {b. 1750}, and great-grandfather was
Aleksander Walewski {Alexander / Aleksander Walewski 1700 - 1751 or 1778} married Elzbieta Mecinska of Jedlno, born ca 1700 or ca 1720;
Aleksander was son of FRANCISZEK Walewski born ca 1675 / 1690, died 1745, owner of Rusiec, Wieruszów [before him to the Mecinski family], Dabrówka, Jastrzebice, Broszecin, Wola Wiazowa, Lesniaki.

Sons of above Dominik Paszkowski:
Franciszek Paszkowski b. 1818 in Warsaw, d. 1883 Cracow, owner of Tonie, MP; and
Józef Franciszek Daniel Paszkowski, b. 1817 in Warsaw, d. 1861 in Warsaw, + Seweryna Stompf with children:
1. Franciszek Paszkowski, lawyer, in 1902 owner of Tonie, and
2. Leon Ignacy Paszkowski, 1845 - 1904, director of a bank in Cracow, m. in 1875 to Maria Lasocka daughter of Bronislaw + Felicja Wolowska {see below - line to BRZEZINSKI - SZYMANOWSKI - WOLOWSKI}.

Izydor Kiedrzynski who was b. 1749 and m. to Helena - she was born in 1762 {1761} and she died in Wola Wiazowa in 1828.

Acc. to me she was the daughter of Romuald Walewski, General, 1738-1812, who m. 1st to Zuzanna Polchowska with:
a. Felicjanna Walewska 1760-1846 m. Sebastian Jan Dembowski 1762-1835, and
b. Magdalena Helena Walewska born ca 1761 / 1762.

Romuald was son of Marcin Walewski of Sieradz, 1700-1761, who m. in 1736 to Magdalena Antonina Szembek 1710 - 1744 daughter of Antoni Felicjan Szembek {MARCIN WALEWSKI m. 2nd to MARCJANNA ROMER}. Marek Szembek b. circa 1700, d. 1744, was the son of mentioned above Antoni Felicjan Szembek and Ewa Apolonia;
MAREK SZEMBEK married Jadwiga with daughter Paulina / Paula Oginska.

Note:
Tadeusz Lubienski 1872 - 1942, was the son of Witold Józef Lubienski

[1841 - 1892, son of Seweryn Lubienski
{Seweryn Lubienski 1812 - 1855 in Venice, son of Franciszek Ksawery Lubienski
(1784 - 1826, was the son of Count Feliks Walezjusz Wladyslaw Lubienski
[born in 1758 in Skala / Kraków, d. 1848 in Guzów, close to Zyrardów, son of Celestyn Lubienski and Paula Oginska]
and Tekla Teresa Katarzyna BIELINSKA)
and Paulina POTOCKI}
and Amelia GOLABEK-JEZIERSKA]

and Elzbieta Teresa Józefa Dzierzykraj - MORAWSKA.

Above Paula Oginska Szembek, burned in Miedniewice, was born 1737, d. 1798, she was wife of
Celestyn Lubienski,
Jan Prosper Potocki, and
Andrzej Ignacy Oginski!

She was mother of Feliks Walezjusz Wladyslaw Lubienski,
Michal Kleofas Oginski, (see: Komorowski, von Ronne, Mielzynski, Bilewicz, Pilsudski, Trubecki, Kalinowski, Konstantynowicz, Tallinn, Italy, Napoleon...)
and Józefa Zofia Lopacinska;
half sister of Konstancja Kossowska and Anna Letowska.

We remember that above Antoni Felicjan Szembek ca 1680 - 1739, was father of Magdalena Antonina Walewska.

Tadeusz Franciszek Oginski was 1st married to Izabela Radziwill with children:
Franciszek Ksawery Stanislaw Oginski and
Andrzej Ignacy OGINSKI (1738-1783) + Paula Szembek, with son
Michal Kleofas Oginski (1765-1833), owner of Molodeczno, Zalesie and Retów in 1812 from hands Platon Zubow [1806-1812]. Michal Kleofas Oginski lived in Zalesie, married two times: Izabella Lasocka, and Maria de Neri (she died in 1851) - with: Franciszek Ksawery Oginski and Tadeusz Antoni Oginski.

MAREK was the brother of Józef Eustachy Szembek, and to named above
Magdalena Antonina Walewska [mother to ROMUALD WALEWSKI and grandmother of HELENA KIEDRZYNSKA ?].

We don't know:

1. Aleksander {Alexander / Aleksander Walewski 1700 - 1751 or 1778} was son of FRANCISZEK Walewski born ca 1675 / 1690, died 1745, owner of Rusiec, Wieruszów [before him to the Mecinski family], Dabrówka, Jastrzebice, Broszecin, Wola Wiazowa, Lesniaki.

2. Or mentioned Alexander / Aleksander Walewski 1700 - 1751 {Alexander / Aleksander Walewski 1700 - 1751 or 1778} m. Elzbieta Mecinska of Jedlno} was the brother of named above FRANCISZEK Walewski {born ca 1675 or 1690, died 1745, owner of Rusiec, Wieruszów [before him to the Mecinski family], Dabrówka, Jastrzebice, Broszecin, Wola Wiazowa, Lesniaki. Named FRANCISZEK married 3rd in 1737 to Teodora Ludwika Walewska b. ca 1710, daughter of Kazimierz Walewski and Zofia Radolinska 1677 - 1723, the daughter of Andrzej Radolinski younger, 1650 - 1708 and Marianna Sarnowska} or Franciszek Walewski, 1710-1745 in RUSIEC, the son of Zygmunt and Marianna Koniecpolska.
They were sons {or next of kin} of Zygmunt Walewski (1656 ! or 1670-1716, son of Franciszek Walewski senior). Or Zygmunt Walewski, 1656-1716, was the son of Stefan and Teresa Sarnowska or KATARZYNA.
ZYGMUNT WALEWSKI m. 1st Anna Gostynska. Zygmunt Walewski of Rozprza (official in 1702-1716), married 2nd time to Maryanna Koniecpolska, of Pärnu {Franciszek Walewski, junior, 1710-1745 in RUSIEC, was the son of Zygmunt and Marianna Koniecpolska}.

3. Marcin Walewski 1700 - 1761 was son of Franciszek Walewski from Sieradz, 1670-1733 {or KAZIMIERZ WALEWSKI, 1670-1733}. Franciszek Walewski from Sieradz, 1670-1733, was maybe brother of Zygmunt Walewski b. 1656 ! or 1670 - died in 1716, both were sons of Franciszek Walewski senior.

The line to BRZEZINSKI - SZYMANOWSKI - WOLOWSKI

Leon Ignacy Paszkowski, 1845 - 1904, director of a bank in Cracow, married in 1875 to Maria Lasocka b. 1851, daughter of Bronislaw Lasocki, Count + Felicja Zofia Wolowska.
Named Bronislaw Juliusz Edmund Lasocki [member of the 1863 Uprising], Count, 1828-1912 m. Felicja Zofia Wolowska, 1832-1906. Her parents:
Adam Ernest Wolowski 1798-1868 + Barbara Maryewska, 1796-1863.

Wladyslaw Józef Ludwik Wolowski that is Ludwik Wolowski, Member of the Agricultural Society of the Kingdom of Poland [with Jakub Szymanowski, 1795/1797-1873]; he lived in Chamsk, close to Biezun [north-east], the Mlawa county [32 km south-west to Mlawa and west of PRZASNYSZ]; b. ca 1829, died in 1895 in Warszawa, was the son of mentioned Adam Ernest Wolowski 1798-1868 and Barbara Maryewska, 1796-1863;
he married in 1851, Warszawa, to Józefa Teofila Szymanowska, 1833-1875, with son Adam Franciszek Gabriel WOLOWSKI, 1856-1900 + Maria Koziell-Poklewska, 1860-1891.
Adam Ernest Wolowski 1798-1868 - parents: Adam WOLOWSKI 1770-1833, and Teresa Zalewska.

Józefa Teofila Szymanowska, 1833-1875: her father was Jakub Szymanowski, 1795/1797-1873 [Member of the Agricultural Society of the Kingdom of Poland in 1861; lived in ZBIKOW close to BLONIE]; her half-brother was Waclaw Cyryl Jakub 1821-1886 who married Michalina Naimska, 1833-1918.

Jakub Szymanowski, 1797 - 1873, was the son of Franciszek Szymanowski and Agata Wolowska; Franciszek was born in 1750, in Warszawa; Agata was born in 1760, in Warszawa.
Jakub had sister Filipina Teofila Brzezinska (born Szymanowska)
{she was married Franciszek Jakub Brzezinski, 1794 - 1846, son of Michal Brzezinski;
they had children:
Teofila Anna Zielinska;
Aniela Brzezinska;
Kazimierz Brzezinski senior [family of Zbigniew Brzezinski]
and Franciszka Teofila Krysinska}.

Jakub SZYMANOWSKI married Anna Zawadzka, born in 1790, with 3 children: Waclaw Cyryl Jakub Szymanowski and 2 other; Jakub SZYMANOWSKI married 2nd to Karolina Wolowska, born in 1809, in Pustynia, Galicja, Austria, with one daughter Józefa Teofila Wolowska (born Szymanowska).

Bronislaw Lasocki, Count + Felicja Zofia Wolowska had children:
Bronislawa Lasocka + Bronislaw Kurtz;
Halina Lasocka + Stanislaw Chometowski;
Idalia; Zygmunt Lasocki / Zygmunt Bronislaw Lasocki born December 1867, a Polish lawyer (law doctor), a politician of the Polish people's movement, a diplomat; and
Józef Adam Feliks Bronislaw Lasocki.

The German database on the KIEDRZYNSKIS:

Wilkowo Polskie, 25 km east of Wolsztyn - north-west-north of LESZNO. The Kosten county under Prussia. Landlord - Marceli Czarnecki [Wilkowo Polskie and Siekowo, Siekówko, Ziemin {1795 landlord Wiktor Szoldrski, then Marceli Czarnecki} and Bielawy in 1837].
In 1644, Wilkowo belonged to a daughter of Osowski and her husband Radomicki. Ca 1650 to Szoldrski; 1841, Wilkowo Polskie bought Marceli Czarnecki, then his son Antoni Czarnecki. 1884 - 1918 - Jan Czarnecki, and since 1918, Roman Czarnecki.

Pogrzybów - 20 km east of KROTOSZYN, 42 km east of GOGOLEWO ! Here in 1803, Helena Kiedrzynska was godmother; she was from a manor in Raszków. Pogrzybów - 1612 owner Dazdzbog Karnkowski, and his family here to ca 1835; 1861-1894 the Niemojowski family;
1803, Raszkówko, 12 / 14 km north-west of RAWICZ, and south of GOSTYN. Antoni Kamienski son of Józef and Katarzyna Zielinska - Godparents: Józef Ziemianski and Helena Kiedrzynska of Raszkow / RASZKOWKO [Helena b. ca 1780 ?].

Kotlów in 1820, inf. on Juljanna Kiedrzynska from KOTLOW, Godmother - Rozalja nee Szeliski, Wiesiolowska owner of Strzyzew; Józef Wiesiolowski of Strzyzew, and Marjanna Kaszynska of Nowolepsze; Mikolaj Garlicki of Nowolepsze.
KOTLOW, 1818 - inf. on Juljanna Kiedrzynska, Mss of Kotlow [JULIANNA b. ca 1800]; Kotlów - 18 km north of OSTRZESZOW.

1844, Gorzyczki, Józef Debinski of Sieroszewice, b. ca 1820/1821, son of Wojciech and Konstancja Kiedrzynski [b. ca 1795 ??], married to Zuzanna widow from Gorzyczki, b. ca 1806, daughter of Jan and Agnieszka Lawicki. Gorzyczki - the Koscian county, close to Czempin. At half way from KOSCIAN to SREM; north-east of LESZNO. Ca 1830 owner Edward Potworowski; Golembin (Stary Golebin), owner Melchior Szoldrski.

Lutynia in 1852, Franciszka Izabela, daughter of Kurcewski Dezydery and Pelagia Kurcewska; witnesses: Teodor Kiedrzynski and Franciszka Kiedrzynska, b. ca 1820? Lutynia - close to Pleszew and Dobrzyca by the Lutynia river; half way from PLESZEW to JAROCIN. North-east of KROTOSZYN. Ca 1830 owner Józefina Bogdanska. Lutynia, buried in church in 1852, died in Krotoszyn, Józef Bogdanski aged 75, nobleman.

Rawicz in 1810, baptized Eugenja Wiktoria ZMICHOWSKA, b. 1809, daughter of Jan Zmichowski of RAWICZ, and Wiktoria nee Kiedrzynski; witnesses: Anzelm Pomorski landlord in Stwolna and Franciszka Sczaniecka, owner in Zakrzew.
Rawicz in 1814, Jan Zmichowski was born, son of above Zmichowski Jan an official in the KROBEN county, and Wiktoria nee Kiedrzynski; witnesses: Józef Kalasanty Woznicki official of above KROBEN / Krobia [15 km south of GOSTYN {see Kunowo of Kiedrzynski}; east of ROKOSOWO], and Franciszka Grodzka of RAWICZ.

1841, in Karniszewo, Antoni Kamienski landlord, and Teofila Kamienska, daughter of Ignacy Swietochowski and Zuzanna Siemiatkowska; witnesses: Józef Mrozinski landowner in Domaslawka, and Anna Kiedrzynska from Gniezno; named Karniszewo - north-west of GNIEZNO.

Sokolniki close to Miloslaw, in 1852, was born Marja Kazimiera Pelagia daughter of Mikolaj Wysocki nobleman and Józefa Kiedrzynska noblewoman [born ca 1830 ?].
Sokolniki close to Miloslaw [north-east of NOWE MIASTO by WARTA river] in 1854, July, here was born Marja Boleslawa, daughter of above mentioned Wysocki Mikolaj and Józefa Kiedrzynski - WYSOCKA.

Count Wladislaw Zamoyski 1853-1924, was closest friend of Jozef Rettinger / Retinger who was born in Cracow, in Austria-Hungary (see more at my webpages) - his father, Józef Stanislaw Retinger, was the personal legal counsel and adviser to Count Wladyslaw Zamoyski.
Acc. to Wikipedia: when Retinger's father died, Count Zamoyski took Józef into his household. Financed by Count Zamoyski, Retinger entered the Sorbonne in 1906, and two years later became the youngest person to earn a Ph.D. there at age twenty. He moved to England in 1911, where his closest friend was Polish writer Joseph Conrad. See the European Union (EU) and its origins from the European Coal and Steel Community and the European Economic Community.
Father of above Count Wladyslaw Zamoyski was Count Wladyslaw Stanislaw Zamoyski (1803 - 1868) - politician, and general. He served as aide-de-camp to Grand Duke Constantine / Konstanty Romanow, commander-in-chief of the army and de facto viceroy of Congress Poland. Working with Adam Jerzy Czartoryski he became one of the main activists in the Hotel Lambert group. He emigrated to England; 1848 - 1849 he organized Polish units in Italy, serving with the Sardinian Army to fight against the Austrians (see about the Carbonari movement at my domain).
His father was Count Stanislaw Kostka Zamoyski b. 1775, politician; 1809 he became the chairman of the Provisional Government of Galicia. He was Senator 1810 until 1831.
He was the son of Count Andrzej Hieronim Franciszek Zamoyski 1716 / 1717 - 1792, 1764 until 1767 Great Crown Chancellor.
And he was the grandson of [see below] Michal Zdzislaw Zamoyski b. 1679.

In WSCHOWA in 1775 Marianna Zamoyska
[widowed after death of Stanislaw Rembowski of Dobrzyn {marriage in 1752}, and after {death ?} Stanislaw Kostka Kiedrzynski, writer in Wschowa],
after receipt of payment from Ignacy Szoldrski of Smolensk, formally recognized the case is closed about Wilkowo Polskie and the Bielawy farm, since 1768 in hands of Jakub Szoldrski.
The assets also included: Siekowo, Siekówko, Ziemin and Bielawa.
In 1750 named Jakub Szoldrski [wife Eufrozyna GAJEWSKA, with son Wiktor Tomasz Szoldrski b. 1779, d. Jan. 1830; and grandson Wlodzimierz Damazy Szoldrski b. 1818], was the officer in Rogozno, and ruled Nowe Miasto ROGOZNO.

Les Freres Anglais et Français Réunis was founded in 1807 in Poznan, subsidiaries of the French Grand Orient, and consisted of numerous military and civilian dignitaries and prominent citizens; the champion for a long time was general Wincenty Axamitowski. Members: Colonel Stanislaw Mycielski, Józef Poninski, Aleksander Zychlinski, Augustyn Zaborowski, Bernard Rose, Count Kacper Skarbek, Wiktor Szoldrski, General Henryk Dabrowski, General Amilkar Kosinski, Count Aleksander Bninski, Kazimierz Turno, Count Melchior Lacki. In 1812 Faustyn Zakrzewski a master; and with Jozef Poniatowski.
The secret organisation was formed - probably at the beginning of 1820 in Poznan - that is national Freemasonry:
Sczaniecki,
Count Wiktor Szoldrski,
Gajewski, Czapski, Pawlikowski, Morawski, Jarochowski, Karol Stablewski, Klaudiusz Sczaniecki, brothers Bojanowski, Zaborowski, Radomski, Stanislaw Chlapowski, Skórzewski,
three brothers Mielzynski.

Wilkowo Polskie, 25 km east of Wolsztyn; north of Leszno [see Sulkowski]; 15 km north-east of PRZEMET / Przemet [see in named Przemet was living a father to Andrzej Mielzynski of Kcynia, 1698-1771 + Anna Petronela Bninska, 1720-1771].

Walewski - Poniatowski - Radolinski - Zamoyski:

Karol WALEWSKI died ca 1757, owner of Ptaszkowice, Lichawa, Grabia

[his brother was Wojciech WALEWSKI died in 1757, owner of Pstrekonie / Pstrokonie, m. in 1730, to Teresa Laszowska with son Ludwik Mikolaj WALEWSKI 1754 - 1820, MP in 1776, + in 1784 to Martyna / Maksyma Wezyk d. 1792 -
owner of Kalinowa and Ligota,
1v. Andrzej Niemojowski, 2v. Ludwik Wezyk;
Ludwik Mikolaj WALEWSKI 2nd m. in April 1794 to Kalinowska Janina / Antonina Kalinowska of Lelow daughter of Ignacy KALINOWSKI and Justyna Borzecka
- she was 2nd time married in 1822 in Swierzyny, to Mikolaj Jaksa Krobanowski b. ca 1771.

Ludwik Mikolaj WALEWSKI had children:
A. Michal Walewski b. 1804, owner of Krzeslow (see Wola PSZCZOLECKA), Kurow, Wypychow, Podlesie, Dziuby, Stara Poczta,
B. Justyna b. 1807,
C. Karol Franciszek Salezy Walewski b. 1795, owner of Parzymiechy, + Marianna Radolinska daughter of Piotr RADOLINSKI and Tekla Lanckoronska.
D. Napoleon Walewski b. 1802, owner of Pstrokonie, Wozniki, Swierzyna, Gorzuchów, Lisy, + Natalia Kreska d. ca 1833, daughter of Florian KRESKI and Antonina Karsnicka],

married Brygida Galecka, daughter of Franciszek GALECKI and Ludwika Poniatowska
(BRYGIDA married 2nd to Jan Radolinski; she come from the family of the King Poniatowski - Ludwika nee Poniatowska / Countess Ludwika Maria Poniatowska (1728 - 1781) as "Luds" was the sister of King. Brygida Walewski was born to Franciszek Galecki and Ludwika Galecki born Poniatowska).

Ludwika Maria Zamojska nee Poniatowska, 1728 - 1781, was wife of Jan Jakub Zamoyski; and was mother of
Urszula Maria Wandalin-Mniszech
[wife of Michal Jerzy Wandalin-Mniszech born 1742, son of Jan Karol Wandalin-Mniszech and Katarzyna Wandalin-Mniszech 1722-1771, daughter of Michal Zdzislaw Saryusz Zamoyski]
and mentioned Brygida Galecka / Maria Brygida Galecki / Brygida Galecka {but with a different partner}.

Brygida Walewski was born to Franciszek Galecki and Ludwika Galecki born Poniatowska.
Ludwika Poniatowska died after 1757 {d. in 1781} + Franciszek Galecki officiel in Wielun had also son Ignacy {GALECKI} born before 1740? or acc. to me 1745.
But we know about Helena Maczynska born Galecka in 1720, daughter of Ignacy Galecki b. ca 1700, and Ludwika Galecka born Poniatowska in ca 1700; Helena married Antoni Jan Maczynski b. ca 1720 with 2 children: Franciszek Maczynski.
Kasper Niesiecki ca 1839 wrote down:
Unknown GALECKI, officiel in Bydgoszcz, married Teresa Mycielska of Kalisz, 1 voto Sokolnicka of Miedzyrzecz, and the same man or maybe another married Ludwika Poniatowska; they were next of kin to Galicki in Brzesc Kujawski.

Galecki - Rozdrazewski - Poniatowski - Kiedrzynski:

In 1719 Ms Rozdrazewska writes inventory of wealth to the Rozdrazew estate - 15 km north-east of KROTOSZYN; Rozdrazew belonged to Doliwa-Rozdrazewski until 1685. In 1720, the inventory signed in Kalisz - a case mentioned by Poniatowski. This inventory of the landproperty by mediation between the miss Galecka and the Poniatowski family was signed in 1720.
Krotoszyn - 15 km south-west to above ROZDRAZEW.
KROTOSZYN in 1725 was bought by Józef Potocki of Kiev, from hands of miss Zofia Galecki, of Poznan;
Krotoszyn was the property of Rozdrazewski and Galecki:
Jakub Hieronim Rozdrazewski, of Inowroclaw, landlord in Krotoszyn, see inf. in 1656 in WROCLAW, fought close to Leszno and Koscian; then Konstanty Rozdrazewski who died before 1661 and sold in 1658 the villages Niewierz and Zakrzewko. His brothers: Franciszek and Stanislaw Rozdrazewski, next owners.
In 1668 Krotoszyn was owned by Katarzyna nee Opalinski, Rozdrazewska {died before 1678}, of Inowroclaw, widowed after death of Jakub Hieronim Rozdrazewski.
Chancellor Leszczynski, was the guardian of her children, in 1673 - 1678.
The estate was indebted and Rozalia Galecka had a court case in Srem on the unpaid sum;
then Zygmunt Franciszek Galecki of Poznan taken Krotoszyn, and in 1711-17 the property was owned by widow Rozalia nee Dzieduszycki, Galecka.
Next court cases in 1720 and 1723, versus miss Zofia Galecka, the only heir of the Governor Galecki (Rozalia died before 1720).

Krotoszyn: in 1725, Jozef Potocki came to the rescue of the bankrupt, daughter Zofia Galecka, and he bought her estate in 1725.
Andrzej Karszewicz {inf. in Przemet about the KARSZEWICZS}, who died before 1749, fall in love with Teresa Keszycki - Skapska, which is otherwise also for many years being processed for serious debt repayments from Rozdrazewski and Galecki. Andrzej Karszewicz in 1729 in Poznan married named Teresa Skapska, granddaughter of Teresa nee Keszycki, Skapski (Teresa is daughter of Antoni Skapski and Rozalia Cielecki).

See:
Jan Kiedrzynski b. ca 1680, was brother (?) of Adam Kiedrzynski - inf. 1704 from the Poznan province.
ADAM KIEDRZYNSKI married 1st to Elzbieta Myszkowska b. ca 1685 - d. before 1724 {her sister, Jadwiga Myszkowska m. 1st to Stefan Golygowski / Golyglowski, Goligowski, owner of Pomiany and Wodzicze}. Adam Kiedrzynski was born ca 1680, died ca 1723, married 2nd time to Eleonora Rozdrazewska / Rozdrazewski. In 1724, Eleonora Rozdrazewska, widow after death of Adam Kiedrzynski, married 2nd to Jan Relo.

Michal Zamoyski b. 1690 or acc. to me: born ca 1679, and Konstancja Zamoyska nee Rozen / ROZAN ? - that is Michal Zdzislaw Saryusz Zamoyski, the 6th landlord of ZAMOSC, b. ca 1679 or after 1679, died 1735 in Zamosc; he married three times;
3rd time to unknown with two daughters born ca 1723 / 1730 {above Marianna Zamoyska [? = Marjanna nee Zamoyska - KIEDRZYNSKA - REMBOWSKA, inf. in 1775]} and the second daughter after 1723.
Above Michal Zdzislaw Saryusz Zamoyski was also the father of
Ludwina Wielhorska; Tomasz Antoni Zamoyski;
mentioned Jan Jakub Zamoyski;
Andrzej Zamoyski, Count; Helena Potocka; Teresa Anna Hutten-Czapska, and
Katarzyna Wandalin-Mniszech born 1722, married Jan Karol Wandalin Mniszech 1716-1759, General.

Stanislaw Rembowski b. 1691 or born in 1696-1768 married two times: in 1733 [with son Jan] and 2nd time in 1752 [see below].

Stanislaw Kiedrzynski / Stanislaw Kostka Kiedrzynski, son of Marcin Kiedrzynski [ca 1700-1788], born ca 1730 / 1739, married to Marjanna nee Zamoyska [b. ca 1723 / 1730]. Stanislaw died in 1773 / 1774 or after 1775.

In WSCHOWA in 1775 Marianna Zamoyska [widowed after death of Stanislaw Rembowski of Dobrzyn {marriage in 1752}, and after Stanislaw Kostka Kiedrzynski, writer in Wschowa], after receipt of payment from Ignacy Szoldrski of Smolensk, formally recognized the case is closed about Wilkowo Polskie and the Bielawy farm, since 1768 in hands of Jakub Szoldrski.
Wilkowo Polskie, 25 km east of Wolsztyn; north of Leszno [see Sulkowski]; 15 km north-east of PRZEMET / Przemet [see in named Przemet a father of Andrzej Mielzynski of Kcynia, 1698-1771 + Anna Petronela Bninska, 1720-1771].

Countess Ludwika Maria Poniatowska (1728 - 1781) / as "Luds"; was the sister of King of Poland, Stanislaw August Poniatowski. Ludwika married in 1745 Jan Jakub Zamoyski.
PETRONELA Radolinska (b. ca 1764-1821), was a daughter of Jan Radolinski 1726-1796 and Brygida or Maria Brygida Galecki / Brygida Malecka; Petronela nee Radolinska was granddaughter of Józef Stefan Radolinski of Wschowa b. 1680 - died in 1740.
Petronela died in Zloczew / Zloczow, m. in 1789 to Ignacy Bleszynski (1742 - 1813), son of Kazimierz and Teresa Struss; owner of Zloczów and Brzezno; he was born in Zloczów, 1st married to Apolonia Sudrawska.

Ignacy Bleszynski born in 1742 Zloczew - d. 1813 / 1815, son of Kazimierz Bleszynski b. 1703 in Bleszno, and Teresa nee Struss / Strus m. 1st to Jan Jordan.
Ignacy BLESZYNSKI was owner of Zloczew (Bujnów - 3 km west of Zloczew and 9 km north-east of Dymki and close to Lututow, Borzeckie, Czarna, Cegielnia, Grójec Maly, Huta Szklana / Szklana Huta, Huta Stara, Miklesz, Stanislawów, Zloczewska Wies, Zloczewska Wola and Zapowiednik, inf. by Wikipedia; 1773 - Grodzice and Lagiewniki),
MP in 1809, 1811 of the Grand Duchy of Warsaw, officer in Brodnica, very active member of the 1794 Insurection (battle of Sieradz; see Madalinski and Uminski) in the Sieradz province; married Petronela Radolinski.
All children of Jan JORDAN:
Spytek Rogatian Jordan; Wojciech Ludwik Jordan, and
Konstancja Urszula Walewska - married Stanislaw Józef Walewski was born in 1720 ! or born in 1740-1770 with children:
Bogumil Gabriel Walewski 1750-1814
{his daughter Konstancja Salomea Józefa Walewska married to Wincenty Walewski b. 1785 d. 1819},
and Kunegunda Szembek nee Walewska, born in 1760 / 1766 - d. 1828 wife of Ignacy Józef Szembek 1740-1835 MP in 1788, officer in Ostrzeszow 1777-1793,
with son Piotr Szembek 1788-1866 General, Freemason, 1813 in Gdansk married to Fryderyka Becu de Tavernier.

Inf. in 1775 about Florian / Florjan Kiedrzynski, a official in KALISZ, and his relatives:
Pawel Kiedrzynski [heirs], son of Marcin Kiedrzynski and Wiktoria nee Pstrokonska - Kiedrzynska;
with Stanislaw Kiedrzynski / STANISLAW KOSTKA KIEDRZYNSKI, the writer of the customs chamber in WSCHOWA [see Sulkowski];
and Stanislaw's brother Józef Kiedrzynski - heirs
{Jan Antoni Maciej Kiedrzynski 1738 - d. ?;
FLORIAN [see below: Florian Kiedrzynski b. ca 1730 (1740 ?), married in 1759];
PAWEL;
Stanislaw and
Jozef were brothers and they were the sons of MARCIN Kiedrzynski
(a daughter of named Marcin:
"Bona z Karsów" / BONA of Karsy, nee Kiedrzynska - the village Karsy, the Lódz Voivodeship at present, close to Kobiele, 14 km south-east of Radomsko and south of Kodrab, north-east of Czestochowa);
Marcin Kiedrzynski b. ca 1700;
KAZIMIERZ Kiedrzynski was a brother to named MARCIN ca 1700-1788.
Andrzej Kiedrzynski b. 1720 / 1730, was probably a cousin to named MARCIN b. ca 1700-1788}.

Stanislaw Kiedrzynski / Stanislaw Kostka Kiedrzynski, ? - 1774, married Marjanna nee Zamoyska.
Stanislaw Kiedrzynski / Stanislaw Kostka Kiedrzynski, was the son of Marcin Kiedrzynski [MARCIN was born ca 1700 - died in 1788], and named Stanislaw Kostka was born ca 1730 / 1739, married to Marjanna nee Zamoyska [b. ca 1723 / 1730]. Stanislaw died in 1773 / 1774 or after 1775.

Lukasz Kiedrzynski married 1st time to Franciszka Buczynski / Buczynska, he was owner of Kunowo / Kunow in 1767 (from hands of his mother), he was son of Ludwika nee Sitnicka or Sielinski - 6 km north of Gostyn and 31 km south-east of Koscian - and JAN KIEDRZYNSKI.
Lukasz Kiedrzynski born ca 1740, on 01.08.1774 married 2nd time to Franciszka Maria Raczynska b. ca 1755, daughter of Józef Raczynski {JOZEF was the son of Stanislaw Raczynski and Zofia nee Grodzynska} and Brygida nee Breza {BRYGIDA was the daughter of Jan Dominik Breza and Katarzyna nee Kierski / KIERSKA b. 1680 d. 1749}.
Franciszka Józefata Raczynska / Franciszka Maria Raczynska was born ca 1755
[Franciszka born 1751 or ca 1755, was daughter of Józef Raczynski and Brygida BREZA / Brigitta Breza, ca 1720 - 1775, daughter of Jan Dominik Breza 1681 - 1738. BRYGIDA was the sister of MICHAL Breza b. 1718].

Lukasz Kiedrzynski with 2nd wife Franciszka nee Raczynska had daughter Wiktoria and sons:
Ksawery,
Józef,
Kazimierz, and
Feliks / Felix.

Husband of above Ludwika Sielnicka / Sitnicka or Sielinski was Jan Kiedrzynski with Ostoja arms, b. ca 1710 [see below].

Ignacy Kiedrzynski
[b. ca 1730; acc. to my research he was the brother of Andrzej Kiedrzynski born ca 1720 / 1730.
Andrzej Kiedrzynski was the landowner of Biegacino in 1760, that is Bieganin / Bieganino ca 23 km west of Kalisz and 16 km south of Orpiszewko; married Franciszka Jackowska]:
in 1764 in Wielgomlyny, Ignacy Kiedrzynski of Malowana Wola (5 km east of DMENIN; 9 km north-west of WOLKA BANKOWA; 5 km north of Kobiele Wielkie) married Zofia nee Zablocka 1 voto Swiecicka, widow.

Mentioned above Andrzej Kiedrzynski b. 1720 / 1730, was probably a cousin to named MARCIN senior, b. ca 1700-1788.

Marcin Kiedrzynski senior was the uncle of above Ignacy Kiedrzynski b. ca 1730 and to Andrzej Kiedrzynski born ca 1720 / 1730.

Mentione above Marcin b. ca 1700, and Kazimierz Kiedrzynski [Kazimierz Kiedrzynski m. Katarzyna Swierczkowska] were the brothers [maybe Jan Kiedrzynski, born ca 1710, who married to Ludwika Sielnicka / Sitnicka or Sielinski, was next brother ?!].

IGNACY b. ca 1730, acc. to my research, was the brother of Andrzej Kiedrzynski born ca 1720 / 1730.

Above Florian Kiedrzynski's father was Marcin Kiedrzynski senior, b. ca 1700 ? - died in 1788, mother Wiktoria Pstrokonska / Wiktoria Poraj Pstrokonska.
Florian / Floryan Kiedrzynski, b. ca 1730 / 1740, owner of Noskowo - inf. 1776, 16 km east of Koszkowo and 27 km east of Kunowo. The same Florian Kiedrzynski b. ca 1730 (1740 ?), married in 1759, his wife was living 1730-1786. His son Leon Kiedrzynski b. ca 1760. His uncle was Kazimierz Kiedrzynski m. Katarzyna Swierczkowska.

Brothers of Marcin Kiedrzynski junior {and maybe half-brothers}

(Marcin Kiedrzynski b. ca 1735 - the branch come from Jakob / Jakub Kiedrzynski senior b. ca 1675 - owner of Dymki in the Lututow parish since 1698, inf. 1709 Wielun. Dymki and Lututow - Dymki estate of the Kiedrzynskis is situated 5 km east of Lututow, in the Wieruszow county):

A. Jakub Kiedrzynski / Jakob Kiedrzynski the 3rd, b. ca 1735, in 1775 court case vs Anna [JULIANNA] about Kurow (see Walewski; close to Wola Pszczolecka; see Malkiewicz!) close to Wielun; in 1786 and 1788 in Kalisz.
The closest relatives of the MADALINSKI family was Jakub Kiedrzynski of Kalisz who helped to this family. Józef Madalinski, Jakub Madalinski and Julianna {? above Julianna of KUROW} were owners of Raczkow and Upuszczow, inf. 1786. Above JAKUB Kiedrzynski, and Antoni Psarski in 1792 were next of kin to the Madalinski family.
Above Józef MADALINSKI, Captain in 1809 m. Julianna nee Bogdanska, 1 voto Kiedrzynska, d. in Orpiszew / Orpiszewko in 1809 (Orpiszewko was the Kiedrzynskis).

B. Jan Kiedrzynski b. ?
(others with the first name Jan: Jan Kiedrzynski with Ostoja arms, b. ca 1710 and Jan Kiedrzynski b. ca 1680 who was brother (?) of Adam - inf. 1704 from the Poznan province).
Jan born ca 1710 married to above Ludwika Sielnicka / Sitnicka or Sielinski. Jan Kiedrzynski had the Ostoja coat of arms, b. ca 1710 [1710/1720]. His son - Lukasz Kiedrzynski married 1st time to Franciszka Buczynski / Buczynska, he was owner of Kunowo / Kunow in 1767, from hands of his mother. Lukasz Kiedrzynski born ca 1740, on 01.08.1774 married 2nd time to Franciszka Maria Raczynska b. ca 1755, daughter of Józef Raczynski - son of Stanislaw Raczynski.

C. Andrzej Kiedrzynski (senior) - b. ca 1720 / 1730, owner of Biegacino in 1760, that is Bieganin / Bieganino ca 23 km west of Kalisz and 16 km south of Orpiszewko [see Izydor Kiedrzynski and his son - Gabriel / Gabryel Kiedrzynski].
See:
Jan Kiedrzynski b. ca 1680, the brother (?) of Adam Kiedrzynski - inf. 1704 from the Poznan province. ADAM KIEDRZYNSKI married 1st to Elzbieta Myszkowska b. ca 1685 - d. before 1724. Her sister: Jadwiga Myszkowska m. 1st to Stefan Golygowski / Golyglowski, Goligowski, owner of Pomiany and Wodzicze.
Adam-Stefan Kiedrzynski / Adam Stefan Kiedrzynski / Adam Kiedrzynski was born ca 1660 / 1670 [not in 1680], died ca 1723, married 2nd time to Eleonora Rozdrazewska / Rozdrazewski b. ca 1683.

Eleonora Rozdrazewska was a daughter of - ? - Jan Franciszek Rozdrazewski b. 1650 and Filipina Heister; Adam Stefan had the son Mikolaj Kiedrzynski - inf. 1740. Eleonora's brother was Franciszek 1690-1744, m. Miaskowska with a son JAKUB, and a daughter WERONIKA of Gogolew, born ca 1715.
Karol Rozdrazewski was the brother of above Franciszek b. 1690.
Jakub Hieronim Rozdrazewski b. ca 1621, d. 1662 in KOZMIN - at half way from KROTOSZYN to Jarocin, and north-west of Rozdrazew, 6 km. His father was Jan (1595-1628) of Odolanow, and Gryzelda Sobieski; the grandfather Jan Rozdrazewski ca 1543 - 1600; great-grandfather Hieronim Rozdrazewski and Anna Lukowska.
Jan b. ca 1543 was closest friend of LESZCZYNSKI, and m. 1st to Barbara Rachenberk; 2nd to Katarzyna Potulicki - she died in KOZMIN - with son Jan officiel in Odolanow, and 2 daughters: Anna m. in 1603 to Waclaw Leszczynski, and Barbara married Jan Kostka of Lipno.
Katarzyna (d. 1613) bought in 1601 the Kozmin estate, and 1603 m. 2nd to Ludwik Weiher / WEJHER of Prussia.
Named Jakub Hieronim Rozdrazewski m. 1st with son Jan Franciszek (born 1650, official in Miedzyrzecc and Odolanow, d. 1685); married 2nd with sons: Stanislaw (of Odolanow), Michal (of Sroda and Odolanow) and Adam, and daughters: Ludwika Teresa OBORSKA, and Zofia Anna m. in 1670 to Aleksander Jan Wezyk.

Eleonora Rozdrazewska was 1 voto to Adam Kiedrzynski, but 2 voto Stanislaw Ryt; inf. of 1739 about her brother. We know about Sulmierzyce in 1739, a inventory of the estate Szulmierzyce, for Pagowski - here since 1669; Sulmierzyce belonged to Odolanow [13 km to west; Sulmierzyce was situated on the border of Silesia, Austria and Prussia; south-east to KROTOSZYN], owned by Rozdrazewski; with Graniowice farm.

Jakob Kiedrzynski 1st senior, b. ca 1675, had brothers or cousins:
Marcin Kiedrzynski b. ca 1670 / 1680,
Mikolaj 2nd Kiedrzynski b. ca ? - inf. 1704,
and the last Andrzej Kiedrzynski - inf. 1704 in the Kalisz province.
And Adam Kiedrzynski b. ca 1660 / 1670, son of Zofia Lubienska 1640 - 1692, daughter of Wojciech Lubienski [see KALINOWA !] d. 1653, and Teofila Górska, d. 1668; he was living in Galonki.
Elzbieta Myszkowska m. before 1692 to Adam Kiedrzynski.
Elzbieta Myszkowska b. ca 1675, d. before 1724, m. Adam Kiedrzynski b. ca 1660 / 1670, but in 1724 Eleonora Rozdrazewska was widow after death of Adam Kiedrzynski; Eleonora was then wife of Jan Relo or STANISLAW RYT.
We have different data:
Adam-Stefan Kiedrzynski was husband of Eleonora Rozdrazewska b. ca 1683, with son Mikolaj - inf. 1740. Eleonora Rozdrazewska was 1 voto m. to Adam Kiedrzynski, but 2 voto Stanislaw Ryt; inf. of 1739 about her brother.
Jan Kiedrzynski b. ca 1680 was brother (?) of above Adam; inf. 1704 from the Poznan province.
Jakob Kiedrzynski 1st senior b. ca 1675, owner of Dymki, close to Lututow [see Suliszewice !] since 1698, 1709 inf. in Wielun, was son of Mikolaj Kiedrzynski the 1st, b. ca 1650 - inf. 1704 in the Sieradz province.

In 1724 Eleonora Rozdrazewska, the widow after death of Adam Kiedrzynski, married 2nd to Jan Relo [see above].

Andrzej Kiedrzynski born ca 1720 / 1730, was probably son of above JAN Kiedrzynski b. ca 1680.

Andrzej Kiedrzynski b. ca 1720 / 1730, was the landowner of Biegacino in 1760, that is Bieganin / Bieganino ca 23 km west of Kalisz and 16 km south of Orpiszewko; married Franciszka Jackowska,
and was the father of:

1. KACPER Kiedrzynski b. ca 1750

[Maria Joanna Konstancja Kreska / Marya Joanna Konstancya Kreska, born 14 August 1774 in Grebanin, the Baranów parish, close to Kepno and the Polish-Prussian border, married on 27 August 1804 in Grebanin, close to above Baranów, to Andrzej Kiedrzynski / Jedrzej Kiedrzynski born ca 1770.
Andrzej Kiedrzynski (junior) born ca 1770, was son of Kacper / Kasper Kiedrzynski and Marianna Arcichowski, from Rokutow in the Grodzisko parish.
When Andrzej Kiedrzynski was died before / in 1855, his estates and properties - Suliszewice [north-west of BLASZKI], and Mikolajewszczyna, with Suliszewice Jarki, and Koldów [west of Kalinowa - see below], were divided between heirs in 1856 in Kalisz. Suliszewice and Koldów are situated close to Blaszki; Suliszewice, 2 km west of Koldow;
Koldow is west of Kalinowa, and north of Blaszki.
{Who was JAKUB Kiedrzynski (b. ca 1770)? Józef MADALINSKI, b. 1774, died after 1809, Captain in 1809, m. Julianna nee Bogdanska, 1st voto JAKUB Kiedrzynski; she d. in Orpiszew / Orpiszewko in 1809 (Orpiszewko was the Kiedrzynskis)}.
Maria Joanna Konstancja Kreska / Marya Joanna Konstancya Kreska, born 14 August 1774 in Grebanin, the Baranów parish, close to Kepno and the Polish-Prussian border, married on 27 August 1804 in Grebanin, close to above Baranów, to Andrzej Kiedrzynski / Jedrzej Kiedrzynski.
She was daughter of Joachim Kreski b. 1723 in Kobylogrod / Kobyla Gora close to Ostrzeszow, died 1795 in Grebanin, the Baranów parish, close to Kepno and the Polish-Prussian border, and she had mother Justyna Magnuska b. 1749 and died 1817 in Grebanin];

2. DOROTA PSARSKA - MADALINSKA born ca 1740 / 1750, died in 1784.

Dorota was 1st married (1768 / 1769 ?) to Wawrzyniec Grabinski / Wawrzyniec Bartlomiej Grabinski who d. before 1769, his father Stefan Grabinski d. 1742, mother Konstancja Lubiatowska d. 1763;
his brothers: Jan Grabinski, Andrzej Grabinski, Bartlomiej Grabinski d. 1787;
his step-father Szymon Czarniecki d. 1744.

Dorota KIEDRZYNSKA-GRABINSKA {1740/1750-1784} m. 2nd to Tomasz Psarski born ca 1740 / 1750, died {after 1770 !} ca 1807;
Tomasz was owner of Wola Dzierlinska bought in 1786.

Antoni PSARSKI born in 1770, was the son of Tomasz.
Antoni Psarski was the owner of Gawlowice and m. 1st Franciszka Stanislawska, with children:
1. Tekla 1799-1801,
2. Tekla 2nd, b. 1803, d. 1806 in Wierzchy;
3. Józef Rafal Psarski b. 1800 in Osmolin.
Above Tomasz Psarski born ca 1740 - died after 1770 / 1819 + Dorota Kiedrzynska 1740-1784 had son named above Antoni Psarski born in 1770.

Dorota m. 3rd to Kajetan Madalinski 1740-1784, with son Józef MADALINSKI, b. 1774, died after 1809, Captain in 1809.

Psarski MIKOLAJ d. ca 1769, owner of Zielonczyn, m. Teresa Skrzynska, with:
1. Ewa m. Joachim Psarski,
2. above Tomasz PSARSKI, died ca 1807, owner of Wola Dzierlinska since 1786, m. Dorota Kiedrzynska daughter of Andrzej Kiedrzynski and Franciszka Jackowska, she was 1st married to Wawrzyniec Grabinski.

Tomasz Psarski married 2nd to Franciszka Rupniewska - she died 1826, daughter of Dominik and Eleonora Szolowska; children of Tomasz PSARSKI:
a) Cyprian d. 1816, lived in Wólka Dzierlinska, owner of this estate in 1804;
b) Anna d. 1824, m. Ignacy Keszycki lived in Zalesie, 2nd time she married to Jan Korwin Kossakowski lieutenant of the French Guard;
c) Marianna PSARSKA born 1819, owner of Wola Dzierlinska, married Mikolaj Sulimierski son of Michal SULIMIERSKI and Jadwiga Jaroszewska;
d) Antoni Psarski [see above] owner of Gawlowice m. Franciszka Stanislawska.

Wola Dzierlinska - 4 km north-west of Sieradz, at way to Blaszki.

GRABINSKI STEFAN m. 2 voto Konstancja Lubiatowska, daughter of Wojciech Feliks LUBIATOWSKI and Katarzyna Helena Gadkowski, with son
Wawrzyniec m. Dorota Ostoja Kiedrzynska daughter of Andrzej KIEDRZYNSKI and Franciszka Jackowska, 2 voto Tomasz Psarski owner of Dzierlinsko, 3 voto Kajetan Madalinski.

Kajetan MADALINSKI, inf. 1772 about his wife Dorota Kiedrzynska, daughter of Andrzej and Franciszka Jackowska, widow after WAWRZYNIEC GRABINSKI or Bartlomiej Grabienski and Tomasz Psarski; Kajetan Madalinski was owner of Raczkow and Upuszczow, Strzegow, Zielecin; Kajetan d. 1781 / 1784; Dorota d. 1777 / 1784,
all children born in Strzegow:
Wawrzyniec Józef Kajetan Antoni, 1774;
Hiacynt Jakub, 1775;
Michal Stanislaw Kostka, 1776;
Anna, 1768 - 1772;
Julianna, b. 1775;
Waleria Józefa, 1778.
Closest relatives Jakub Kiedrzynski of Kalisz helped to this family.
Józef MADALINSKI b. 1774, Jakub Madalinski born 1775, and Julianna born in 1775, were owners of Raczkow and Upuszczow, inf. 1786.
Above Kiedrzynski, and Antoni Psarski in 1792 were next of kin to the Madalinski family.
Above Józef MADALINSKI b. 1774, Captain in 1809, m. Julianna nee Bogdanska, 1 voto Kiedrzynska, d. in Orpiszew / Orpiszewko in 1809 (Orpiszewko was the Kiedrzynskis);
above named Jakub Madalinski m. Honorata Psarska.

3.
Izydor Kiedrzynski who was b. 1749 and m. to Helena born in 1762, she died in Wola Wiazowa in 1828 [the family of the author].

4.
Jan Marcin BOGDANSKI died in 1809, married in ca 1764 to Marianna Ostoja Kiedrzynska d. 1785, daughter of above named Andrzej Kiedrzynski and his wife Franciszka Jackowska,
with children:
Marianna 1768-1848 m. in 1784, Piotr Franciszek Tomasz Kiedrowski;
Petronela m. Roch Ruszkowski;
Florian d. 1851 - owner of Jankow / Jankowo.

Józef MADALINSKI, b. 1774, died after 1809, Captain in 1809, m. Julianna nee Bogdanska, 1st voto JAKUB Kiedrzynski; she d. in Orpiszew / Orpiszewko in 1809 (Orpiszewko was the Kiedrzynskis). JOZEF was son of Kajetan Madalinski 1740-1784 and Dorota Kiedrzynska 1740 or 1750 - 1784.

MICHAL Arcichowski or Arciechowski Michal, b. ca 1717, inf. 1748, died in Chodziez [northern Grand Poland and close to ex-Prussian border !], in 1771.
Before 1747 he was married to Antonine (Agnieszka ?) Golinska, d. before 1779, with son Anastazy, and daughters:
Marianna Arcichowska in 1779 married to Kasper Kiedrzynski / KACPER KIEDRZYNSKI [see family of Izydor Kiedrzynski !];
Nepomucena in 1778 m. Zygmunt Grudzinski; Michalina; Karolina in 1779 was unmarried.
Arciechowski Józef Wojciech, b. in Milicz in 1785, Captain of the Grand Duchy of Warsaw, landowner of Dziewoklucz in 1815, owned Margonin in 1817,
m. in 1813 to Dominika Gembicka, daughter of Ignacy and Cecylia Kurdwanowska, divorced as Jaworowicz, b. ca 1784,
with son Jan, b. in Margonin in 1821, and with daughter
Monika Arcichowski, b. ca 1814, married in 1838 to Apolinary Kiedrzynski;
Eufemia, b. ca 1818 and died in 1820 in Margonin.
Margonin - 14 km east of above CHODZIEZ.

D.
IGNACY Kiedrzynski b. ca 1730, acc. to my research, was the brother of Andrzej Kiedrzynski born ca 1720 / 1730.

Who was the father of above named:
Ignacy;
Andrzej senior born 1720 / 1730;
Jan;
Marcin Kiedrzynski junior,
and Jakub the 3rd ??

Maybe Jan Kiedrzynski b. ca 1680 who was brother (?) of Adam Kiedrzynski - inf. 1704 from the Poznan province.
ADAM - see below!
Elzbieta Myszkowska b. ca 1685 - d. before 1724, m. Adam Kiedrzynski [b. ca 1680].
Her sister: Jadwiga Myszkowska m. 1st to Stefan Golygowski / Golyglowski, Goligowski, owner of Pomiany and Wodzicze; 1689 - 1692, Stefan Golychowski / Golyglowski lease village Kurow in the Wielun county, next of kin to Franciszka Antonina Trzcinska b. 1693, Trzcinica; 1692 named Kurow lease Michal Myszkowski of Dabrowa. Her brothers married to Fundament - Karsnicki.
In 1724 Eleonora Rozdrazewska widow after death of Adam Kiedrzynski, married 2nd to Jan Relo.

Maybe Kazimierz Kiedrzynski who married Katarzyna Swierczkowska [Kazimierz was the brother of Marcin b. ca 1700. Swierczkowski come from Kobylczyce, 20 km east of Czestochowa];
or Jan Kiedrzynski, born ca 1710, who married to Ludwika Sielnicka / Sitnicka or Sielinski.

Krzysztof Tyburcy Zlotnicki b. ca 1625, son of Tyburcy Zlotnicki + Katarzyna Bojanowska, was the brother of Barbara Zlotnicka married to Wojciech Kiedrzynski owner Gostyczyna;
Gostyczyna - close to Nowe Skalmierzyce, 3 km to the Prosna river; 10 km south of KALISZ and ca 30 km north of BOBROWNIKI by the Prosna river.

Note to Franciszka Jackowska -

Psarski MIKOLAJ d. ca 1769, owner of Zielonczyn, m. Teresa Skrzynska, with:
1. Ewa m. Joachim Psarski,
2. Tomasz died ca 1807, owner of Wola Dzierlinska since 1786, m. Dorota Kiedrzynska daughter of Andrzej Kiedrzynski and Franciszka Jackowska, she was 1st married to Wawrzyniec Grabinski; Andrzej 2nd m. to Franciszka Rupniewska d. 1826, daughter of Dominik and Eleonora Szolowska,
with:
a. Cyprian died 1816, Wola / Wólka Dzierlinska;
b. Marianna owner of Wola Dzierlinska, m. Mikolaj Sulimierski from Zalesie, son of Michal. Wola Dzierlinska - 4 km north-west of Sieradz, at way to Blaszki.

Note to the PSARSKI family:

Saul ben Jakub, 1807-?, banker, came from a poor Jewish family from Wieruszow [see Madalinski and Kiedrzynski].
In 1825 he converted to Catholicism and married a daughter of a banker and industrialist named above Maurice Koniar; since 1825 he ran a lottery; he was a co-agent of the Polish government, a supplier of raw materials to the government, and in 1849-1862 he was a lottery agent in the Kingdom of Poland.
JAKUB was a descendant of the francists and Adam Wolowski, director of the mint, since 1855, was his business associate.

Above Adam Wolowski (1855 to August 1865) and then Stanislaw Pusch were the directors of the Warsaw mint;
that is Adam Ernest Wolowski, b. ca 1798, died 1868 - Warszawa. He married ca 1820 to Barbara Maryewska, 1796-1863;
his children:
1. Wladyslaw Józef Ludwik WOLOWSKI, 1829-1895 + Józefa Teofila Szymanowska, 1833-1875; with son Adam Franciszek Gabriel Wolowski, 1856-1900 m. 1st Maria Koziell-Poklewska, 1860-1891, 2nd to Pss Stefania Woroniecka 1860-1925.
Her great-grandparents:
DUKE Andrzej Woroniecki; Pawel Gostomski 1760-1825; Hieronim Zielinski of NUR;
Antoni Piotr Fabian Psarski 1766-1851;
Magdalena Gruszecka; Aniela Szydlowska; Teresa Ciemniewska;
Lucja Czekulin, 1775-1863.
See:
Antoni Piotr Fabian Psarski (1766 - 1851 Redziny) m. Lucja Czekulin (1775 - 1863).
He was the son of Wladyslaw Psarski b. ca 1725 - d. 1787, officer in Ostrzeszów, m. Rozalia Bartochowska, lived in Ruda close to Wielun (see Kiedrzynski near Wielun).
Grandson of Franciszek Ksawery Psarski b. 1691 [Franciszek Ksawery Psarski 1691 - 1772, owner of Biala 14 km north-west of Wielun], died in Myslniew, the Kobyla Góra parish close to Ostrzeszow [see Kiedrzynski in Ostrzeszow]; married to Teresa Sielnicka b. ca 1690 / 1700
[his daughter was Marianna Psarska b. ca 1730-1764 + Jan Nepomucen Olszowski b. 1733 - see the Lech Kaczynski branch.
Remember about Lukasz Kiedrzynski married to (1st time ?) Franciszka Buczynski / Buczynska, he was owner of Kunowo / Kunow in 1767 (from hands of his mother), he was son of Ludwika nee Sitnicka / SIELNICKA / Sielinski - 6 km north of Gostyn and 31 km south-east of Koscian. This is Kunow / Kunowo, 6 / 8 km north of Gostyn, that is east of Leszno of the Sulkowskis. See: Koszkowo - 13 km north-east of Gostyn; Noskow / Noskowo - 9 km south-west of Jarocin and 16 km east of above Koszkowo; Gostyn / Gostingen, is a town in Greater Poland Voivodeship, in Gostyn County];
his son Wladyslaw Psarski b. ca 1725 - d. 1787, officer in Ostrzeszów, m. Rozalia Bartochowska lived in Ruda close to Wielun.

Compare - Kiedrzynski near Wielun, WORONIECKI and genealogy of Zbigniew BRZEZINSKI !

Marianna Psarska b. ca 1730 [1740 ?] - 1764 daughter of Franciszek Ksawery Psarski 1691-1772 and Teresa Sielnicka b. ca 1700; Marianna m. to Jan Nepomucen Olszowski b. 1733, d. 1784 - see the Lech Kaczynski branch; they had son Maksymilian Olszowski b. ca 1760 / 1763, d. 1814 in Wólka Krzykowska in the Chorzecin parish + Magdalena Górecka b. ca 1760, with children:
Tomasz Ksawery;
Szymon Jakub OLSZOWSKI 1798-1882 + Agnieszka Gurbska b. ca 1810-1860 [with daughter Julia Emilia Magdalena Olszowska born 1827 + Aleksander Dunin-Brzezinski {Aleksander Dunin-Brzezinski born ca 1821, son of Antoni Dunin-Brzezinski, 1780-1848 and Karolina Leszczynska 1782-1874}];
Jan Chrzciciel b. 1802 {the same generation like Mikolaj Kaczynski b. 1767}.
Daughter of above Aleksander Dunin-Brzezinski was Jadwiga Dunin-Brzezinska b. ca 1860 married Stanislaw Jasiewicz with son Aleksander Jasiewicz m. Stefania Szydlowska; and granddaughter Jadwiga Jasiewicz b. 1926.

2. Felicja Zofia Wolowska 1832-1906 + Count Bronislaw Juliusz Edmund Lasocki, judge in Mlawa, 1828-1912;
3. Stanislaw Wolowski 1834-1892 + Maria Rawicz 1840-1922.

Mentioned Adam Ernest Wolowski born ca 1798 was the son of Adam Zachariasz Wolowski, 1770 - before 1833, who was married in 1795, Warszawa, to Teresa Zalewska, 1777 - 1855;
they had daughter Emilia Teofila Zalewska (born Wolowska), and the son Adam Ernest WOLOWSKI, 1798-1868 + Barbara Maryewska 1796-1863.

See - Adam Alfons Wolowski, 1799 - 1861 - Warszawa, parents: Ludwik WOLOWSKI, b. ca 1764 - died in 1832 in Warsaw, and Elzbieta Lanckoronska, b. ca 1771 - d. 1837 - Warszawa.
Elzbieta Lanckoronska, b. 1770/1771, was the daughter of Józef LANCKORONSKI and Klara.
LUDWIK WOLOWSKI m. in 1786, Warszawa.

Unknown Kosciuszko was father of Abraham Salomon Kosciuszko - born in 1821 in Suwalki, died 1917, husband of Jeanette Marx [nothing to do with Karl] and father of Louis Kosciuszko b. 1857, and the grandfather of Jacques Achille Kosciusko b. 1913 in Paris, died 1994 in Paris.
Above Abraham Salomon Kosciuszko / Abraham Salomon Koscziuszko, b. 1821 in Suwalki, died 1917, a merchant from SUWALKI, arrived to PARIS ca 1850.
Above named Louis Koscziuszko / LUDWIK KOSCIUSZKO was the brother of Estelle Fontaine.
Above unknown Kosciuszko maybe was born ca 1785, son of Józef Tomasz Kosciuszko Siechnowiecki and Marija SIECHNOWIECKI;
brother of Rachela Aniela Broel-Plater
[Rachela Aniela Broel-Plater - Kosciuszko Siechnowiecka, 1784 - 1860 in Saukenai, the daughter of Józef Tomasz Kosciuszko Siechnowiecki and Marija Burniewicz; wife of Tadeusz Broel-Plater; mother of Adam Michal Broel-Plater; Michal; Lucjan Stanislaw; Ferdynand; Aleksandra; Fabian Antoni Ignacy Broel-Plater Count; Tadeusz August Jan; Antoni Konstanty Broel-Plater; Rachela Broel-Plater and Anna Czudowska. Above Tadeusz Broel-Plater b. 1780, died 1822, son of Adam Tadeusz Broel-Plater, Count, and Maria Zofia ZABIELLO];
Aleksander Kosciuszko Siechnowiecki and
Jozef Kosciuszko.

Above Józef Tomasz Kosciuszko Siechnowiecki, 1743 - 1789 in Wisznica, son of Ludwik Tadeusz Kosciuszko - Siechnowiecki and Tekla Kosciuszko Siechnowiecka. Husband of Maria and Marija.
Brother of Anna Barbara Krystyna Estka;
Katarzyna Zólkowska;
GENERAL Tadeusz Andrzej Kosciuszko
and Stanislaw Kosciuszko Siechnowiecki.
Above
Jeanette Marx b. 1828 [maybe born in 1835 in Lorraine, France, and married 2nd in 1858. Her second - ? - husband was born in 1828 !], wife [in ca 1855 1st time ?!] of Abraham Salomon Koscziuszko, and mother of Louis Koscziuszko born 1857 [maybe 1856; see below] and Estelle Fontaine.
Sister of Leon Marx ?
Acc. to me she was the mother of LEON {first name} and wife of {surname} LEON
[Jeanette Jennie MARX or Jennie MARKS, 1835-1886, married after 1857 to Marx Joseph LEON 1828-1885 with Leon Leon, ca 1858-ca 1858; and Harriett / Hattie LEON, ca 1859-ca 1932 {married on 29 October 1878 to Oscar I. FRANK, 1850-ca 1940}; and 5 more children born ca 1860 to 1869]!

JACQUES Kosciusko Morizet, 1913-1994, son of Charles Kosciuszko [Charles Kosciuszko born in 1882, d. 1951] and Diane Milliaud, married to Marianne Morizet. Named above Jacques Kosciusko-Morizet (1913-1994), born Jacques Koscziusko, uses the name of his wife, born Marianne Morizet (daughter of André Morizet); a French politician (mayor of Saint-Nom-la-Bretčche), university professor and former ambassador to the United States (1972 to 1977 !!). Marianne Morizet (1913/1914-2001), was the daughter of André Morizet (1876-1942), French politician, mayor of Boulogne-Billancourt and senator of the Seine.
Named above Marianne Morizet 1914-2001 had sons:
François Kosciusko Morizet / François Kosciusko-Morizet (1940-2015), born François Koscziusko, French politician, mayor of Sčvres, and
Jacques "Antoine" Kosciusko-Morizet, who was director at Credit Lyonnais, and who is the author of La Mafia Polytechnicienne and another book, written in collaboration with Jean Peyrelevade: La Mort du dollar.

Above Charles Kosciuszko born in 1882, d. 1951, was the son of Louis Kosciuszko b. 1857 [see above] and Marthe Weiler b. 1860.
Above Louis Kosciuszko born in 1857 was the son of Abraham Salomon Kosciuszko b. 1821 in SUWALKI - 1917, and named Janette Marx born in 1828 [maybe in 1835? Her second husband was born in 1828 !].
Above Abraham Salomon Kosciuszko, 1821-1917 - his grandparents: Jozef Kosciuszko, 1743-1789 and Burniewicz, and his great-grandparents: Ludwik Tadeusz Kosciuszko, 1700-1758, and Tekla Ratomska, 1715-1768;
parents: unknown by name Kosciuszko and unknown Jewish woman from the region of Suwalki.

The Kosciusko-Morizet family is a French family of Polish and French origin. The oldest ascendants come from
Abraham Salomon Kosciuszko (1821-1917), a Jewish merchant born in Suwalki, in the part of Poland then under Russian administration, very close to the present Lithuanian border and arrived in France ca 1850, and his wife, Janette Marx, from a Jewish family in Lorraine.
Koscziusko spelling is the result of an erroneous transcription into the French civil status in the nineteenth century of the original Polish name - correct spelling is Kosciuszko - for the son of Abraham Kosciuszko, Louis Koscziusko (b. on 6 July 1857), Professor, father of LOUIS / Leon Koscziusko, and Charles Koscziusko (born 1882) - father of Jacques Kosciusko-Morizet.
Nathalie Kosciusko-Morizet, represents the right wing party, in Nicolas Sarkozy's government was minister of the environment. Her distant ancestor was Abraham Salomon Kosciuszko (he lived in 1821-1917), born in Suwalki (then under Russian rule). He was a merchant by profession, he came to France in the times of the Monarchy of July. She has another interesting ancestor - her mother Benedice Treuille is a distant descendant of the famous Borghia Lucrezia.
On the paternal side, Abraham Salomon Kosciuszko (1821-1917) arrived from Poland under Louis-Philippe (Jean-Louis Beaucarnot, Le Tout politique, L'Archipel, 2011, p. 157). He was Jewish origin, and knowing that his wife's name was Jeannette Marx, it may be supposed that her son Louis was also a Jew. The paternal grandfather of Nathalie, above Jacques Kosciusko, father of François Kosciusko-Morizet, was the son of Charles b. 1882, himself son of Louis b. 1857.

We known on Henry Charles MARKS, 1828 - 1907, born to Joseph MARX and Jeanette MARX (born HANNA MENDEL HESSE).
Joseph was born in 1795, in Forbach, Moselle, Lorraine, France. Jeanette was born in 1796, in Puttelange-aux-Lacs, Moselle, Lorraine, France. Henry had 7 siblings: Cayae (Catherine) MOYSE (born MARX), Klymann Lipman MARKS and 5 other siblings.
Brother of another JEANETTE MARKS:
Cahiem (Henry Charles) Marks b. 1828 in Forbach, LORRAINE, France, d. 1907 in Cincinnati, OH, USA. Son of Joseph Marx and Hanna.
Brother of Caye Marx; Klymann Lipman Marks; and Jeanette Marks.
Above Jeanette Jennie Leon (Marks) b. 1835 in Cincinnati, OH [or in LORRAINE in 1828 ??], and died in Cincinnati, OH.
Cahiem (Henry Charles) Marks b. 1828 in FORBACH, d. 1907 in Cincinnati, USA. His father Joseph MARX, born 12 November 1795 - Forbach, Lorraine, France, married in 1824, Forbach, Lorraine, France, to Hanna Mendel HESSE, born 1795 or in 1796 - Puttelange, Lorraine, France [another source: Henry Charles MARKS, 1828 - 1907, born to Joseph MARX and Jeanette MARX (born MENDEL HESSE)]. See below more on JOSEPH b. 1795.

And another source of data:
Marx Joseph Leon b. 1828 in Forbach, Lorraine, France, was husband of mentioned Jeanette Marks, and father of Leon Leon; Harriett Leon; Carrie Leon; Charles Marx Leon; Emma Heldman.
Named above Joseph MARX born 1795, lived and born in Forbach, Lorraine, France.
Married in 1824, Forbach, Lorraine, France, to Hanna Mendel HESSE.
Children of above JOSEPH:
1. Caye Catherine MARX 1825;
2. Klymann Lipman Marks 1826-1891 married to Pauline GODCHEAUX-LEVI;
3. Cahiem Henry Charles Marks 1828-1907;
4. Intle MARX 1830;
5. Sarah Catherine MARKS 1832-1901;
6. Mendel Emanuel Marks 1834-1901;
7. Jeanette Jennie Jennie MARKS, 1835-1886 married about 1857 to Marx Joseph LEON 1828-1885 with Leon Leon ca 1858; Harriett Hattie LEON ca 1859.

Kazimierz Brzezinski, senior, born in 1824, son of Franciszek Brzezinski and Filipina Szymanowska; Brzezinski Kazimierz, died on 28.12.1876. Named Filipina Teofila Karolina Szymanowska, b. 1800 - Warszawa, died in 1886 - Warszawa; her husband - Franciszek Jakub Brzezinski, officer of 1831 Uprising, b. 1794, d. 1846.
Kazimierz Brzezinski, senior, born in 1824, married two times: 2nd time {ca 1865 ?} with sons:
1. 1867-1944 [but we know about TADEUSZ BRZEZINSKI who was the father of Zbigniew Brzezinski. Diplomat, Tadeusz Brzezinski, was the son of Kazimierz Brzezinski junior born in 1866 in Zólkiew, who was a son of Kazimierz Brzezinski senior {1824-1876} and Zuzanna Mayer].
2. Stanislaw Jan Nepomucen Brzezinski, 1871-1950 + Eugenia Eleonora Emanuela Lacka, 1882-1953, with a son Stanislaw Bronislaw Franciszek Brzezinski, 1903-1972.

Kazimierz Brzezinski, senior, born in 1824, married 1st time {in ca 1848}, to Walentyna Suchorzewska 1831-1924 daughter of Franciszek Tadeusz Józef Suchorzewski and Ludwika Zakrzewska, 1809-1857, with daughter Kazimiera Brzezinska b. 1849, m. Jan Cielecki, 1840-1871; 2nd to Franciszek Klemens Józef Gorczycki. Next of kin to Kazimiera Bernatowicz b. 1910.

Filipina Szymanowska that is Filipina Brzezinska-Szymanowska (1800 - 1886) was a Polish pianist and composer, daughter of Franciszek Szymanowski / Franco Francis Szymanowski {b. ca 1770/1780} and Agatha / AGATA Wolowska. FILIPINA was sister-in-law of the composer Maria Szymanowska ("szwagierka" or "bratowa" = sister-in-law).
Named above Maria Szymanowska born Marianna Agata Wolowska in Warsaw, 1789, died in 1831, St. Petersburg, Russia; was a Polish composer and one of the first professional virtuoso pianists of the 19th century. Marianna Agata Wolowska was daughter of Franciszek Wolowski, a landlord and a brewer. Her mother - Barbara LANCKORONSKA, 1780 - 1849 / 1850? Marianna Agata Wolowska m. 1810 in Warsaw to Józef Szymanowski, with whom she had three children while living in Poland: Helena (1811–61), who married a man named Malewski, and twins: Celina (1812–55), who married Adam Mickiewicz, and Romuald (1812–40), who became an engineer; Józef Szymanowski died in 1832.
Józef Szymanowski was born ca 1770/1780.
Franciszek Szymanowski / Franco Francis Szymanowski b. ca 1770/1780, Michal Szymanowski b. ca 1770/1780, and named here Józef Szymanowski was born ca 1770/1780, were brothers - acc. to me.
Named above Filipina Szymanowska [Filipina Teofila Karolina Szymanowska, 1800-1886] married Franciszek Jakub Brzezinski (1794 - 1846) and had four children:
Franciszka Teofila Krysinska (born Brzezinska),
Kazimierz Brzezinski [Kazimierz Brzezinski, senior, born in 1824, son of Franciszek Brzezinski and Filipina Szymanowska; Brzezinski Kazimierz, died on 28.12.1876 - see the genealogy of famous ZBIGNIEW BRZEZINSKI],
Teofila Zielenska (born Brzezinska) and
Aniela Brzezinska.

Who was the President of the National Government (in rebellion) since 10 Apr 1864 - to Apr 1865, Bronislaw Brzezinski - died 1865 [born ca 1825/1835 ??]?
Bronislaw Brzezinski was the last representative of the National Government in the January Uprising.
Before 1863 he was an official of the Government Revenue and Treasury Commission in Warsaw. In June 1863, during the reign of Charles Majewski, he became a referent and controller of the counts: Warsaw, Rawa and Lowicz. He was in opposition to Romuald Traugutt, and in December 1863 he formed a revolutionary circle; after Traugutta's arrest, he received the remaining government seals and on April 20, 1864 he created a new authority, until October of that year. With the help of Aleksander Waszkowski, appointed Jan Kurzyna a plenipotentiary of the government outside the borders of the Russia; then BRONISLAW fled to France where he died.
The Revolutionary Committee (a chair was Bronislaw Brzezinski) counter Traugutt's orders.
Kurzyna / Kurzyna-Pelszewski, Jan, born 1835, Warsaw, d. on 2 July 1865, Zurich, activist of secret youth circles; in Warsaw, 1859 repressed, fled abroad; on the emigration, he was the Secretary of Mieroslawski and his agent to contacts with the country; 1864 representative of the Government; he died in a duel with A. Guttre / Guttry. Kurzyna-Pelszewski Jan, in Brussels planned to resume armed combat in the spring of 1865. But in January 1865, after a long break, they began to get back to Warsaw, and saw the police provocation of Trepow; but many of his collaborators, including Bosak, Guttry and Kotkowski, took this action seriously. In Neuhausen near Schaffhausen, Kurzyna was wounded and died on July 2, 1865 in a hospital in Zurich. Among his books we found works of Egyptian hieroglyphic and rune writing.

Tadeusz Lubienski and Maria Popiel - I compare with Komorowski - Kalinowski:

The first owner of
Guzów (moved home from Szczytniki) was in the late eighteenth century Lubienski Felix de Valois (1758-1848), later Minister of Justice of the Duchy of Warsaw.
The only son of Felix de Valois and Teresa Belinsky was Francis Xavier Lubienski (Franciszek Ksawery Lubienski b. 1784 in Szczytniki, died in Guzow) who had two sons:
Kazimierz born in 1801 (mother Anna Milkowska) and
Seweryn was born 1811 or born in 1812 (the mother Paulina Potocki).
Francis X. Lubienski died at the age of 42;
Seweryn with the family moved to the property of the Potocki (Milanow) on the north border of the Lublin province, close to Radzyn Podlaski; Seweryn grew up at the court in Jablon at the property of his aunt Emma Potocki Strzyzowski. Count Seweryn Potocki in 1810 to convey the estate of Jablon to oldest daughter Emme / Emma, she married in 1810 to a Polish Army Colonel Piotr / Peter Strzyzowski; Piotr Strzyzowski was a participant in the Napoleonic campaigns, he settled in Jablon with spouse Emma.
In 1836 Seweryn Lubienski (1811-1855) married Amelia Jezierska (1813-1885) and had 4 daughters and 5 sons:
Witold LUBIENSKI b. 1841 was grew up under uncle Piotr Strzyzowski, then bought Zasow / Zassow estate in ca 1870; Strzyzowskich Piotr, d. 1855; Emma d. 1856 - assume ownership of Jablon to Amelia Jezierski Lubienski, widow of Seweryn, nephew of Strzyzowski. The next thirty years Jablon was property of the Lubienskis. Amelia was formed in Jablon and around five schools in rural areas. During the January Uprising 1863 the palaces in Jablon and Kolano
[Seweryn Lubienski owner of Kolano and Rudzieniec; b. 1811 / 1812 - d. 1855 in Wenecja / Venice / Veneto, Italy; was son of Franciszek Ksawery Lubienski b. 1784 in Szczytniki, died in Guzow]
were the center of conspiracy and assistance to insurgents - Kazimierz Lubienski [1843-1908] who was Amelia Lubienski's son was forced to leave the property. Threatened with deportation to Siberia, Amelia Jezierska Lubienska changed home to a more civilized manor of the eldest son Witold / Vytautas LUBIENSKI - in Zassow / Zasow / Zasowo in AUSTRIA.

Michal Lubienski (1896-1967), was the Head of Cabinet of the Minister of Internal Affairs of the Second Polish Republic - Joseph Beck. Copyright by Stanislaw Cichon, 2011.
Above Zasów in 1855 was located in the Tarnow county; 1876 Zasów village received city rights, which had lost in 1914. In 1879 (1870 ?), after the death of Henry / HENRYK Ankiewicz, Zasów becomes the property of Witold Lubienski; who derived from the Sieradz province.
Witold Lubienski and his son TADEUSZ LUBIENSKI / Thaddeus in Zasowo formed the Farmers Cooperative of Agriculture and Commerce.

Tadeusz Lubienski married Maria Popiel with five sons:
Witold Tadeusz,
Alfred,
Konstanty Lubienski / Constantine and
two daughters, Mary and Elizabeth.
Witold was killed during the Polish-Bolshevik war in retreat from Kiev in 1920.
His son Tadeusz junior fought in the September campaign of 1939.
Mentioned above
Tadeusz Lubienski 1872 - 1942, was the son of Witold Józef Lubienski
[1841 - 1892, son of Seweryn Lubienski
{Seweryn Lubienski 1812 - 1855 in Venice, son of Franciszek Ksawery Lubienski
(1784 - 1826, was the son of Count Feliks Walezjusz Wladyslaw Lubienski
[born in 1758 in Skala / Kraków, d. 1848 in Guzów, close to Zyrardów, son of Celestyn Lubienski and Paula Oginska]
and Tekla Teresa Katarzyna BIELINSKA)
and Paulina POTOCKI}
and Amelia GOLABEK-JEZIERSKA]
and Elzbieta Teresa Józefa Dzierzykraj - MORAWSKA.

Above Maria Lubienska nee Chosciak-Popiel, 1879 - 1944, was the daughter of Konstanty Chosciak-Popiel
[Konstanty Popiel b. 1841 was the son of Waclaw Popiel
{Waclaw Popiel 1812 - 1897, was the son of Konstanty Michal Ignacy Popiel
(1774 - died 1847, son of Pawel Popiel and Konstancja Magdalena KOMOROWSKI daughter of PIOTR KOMOROWSKI
[Piotr Komorowski died 1747, son of
Jan Komorowski and Katarzyna Konstancja Sulimierska, daughter of Mikolaj Stefan Sulimierski and Teofila GLUZICKA.
PIOTR was the husband of Anna KUMANIECKI])
and Zofia BADENI !}
and Ewelina nee LUBIENSKI !]
and Maria JANUSZKIEWICZ.

See:
Popiel (Chosciak Popiel) Józef, 1848-1880, a journalist, a courier between the country and the Vatican. Born in Chocimow (close to Opatow), was the son of LUDWIK POPIEL / Louis (1813-1856), a soldier of the November Uprising (honored with the Silver Cross of Military Virtue), the owner of Chocimow, and Apolonia Aleksandrowicz (her mother was the sister of late Cardinal Mieczyslaw Ledochowski);
JOZEF was the nephew of Paul and Vincent; he grew up with his uncle Vaclav / WACLAW;
studied in Piotrkow, and graduated in Warsaw. He studied law at Warsaw Central School, then at the University of St. Petersburg. 1870-4 he visited also in exile in Novgorod, his uncle Vincent (then bishop of Plock). As a journalist wrote on the opening of the Suez Canal (December 1869) and Letters from Sicily (1871-2).
Above LUDWIK POPIEL:
was the son of Konstanty Michal Ignacy Chosciak-Popiel, 1774-1847, and named above Zofia Badeni, 1790-1859.

Zofia BADENI was the granddaughter of Barbara Tyzenhauz b. 1730 and Tadeusz Aleksander Wawrzecki b. ca 1730.
BARBARA TYZENHAUZ WAWRZECKA was next of kin to Atanazy Colonna-Walewski 1733-1815 and to Antoni Kazimierz Tyszkiewicz-Lohojski, the General, 1723-1778.

See below on the KALINOWSKI family + the KOMOROWSKI family:

Franciszek Komorowski Count, 1723- died in 1800 in Szirwyty or Szenta, come from Teresa Oziemblowski [see PILSUDSKI and Terlecki] and Bartlomiej Komorowski b. 1697 in Laszki, d. 1758.

Stanislaw Grzymala at Jablonowo Jablonowski, owner of Rawa Ruska in Galicia
[he was son of Ludwika Grabinska and Jozef Jablonowski of Galicia, who married 1st Tekla Strutynska, 2nd to Ludwika Grabinska daughter of Jozef Grabinski official in Smolensk],
married to Lucya Glogowska daughter of Franciszek Glogowski Grzymala and Jozefa Kalinowska
[Jozefa KALINOWSKA was 2nd m. to Jan Karol baron de Wrazny SADLO].
Jozefa Kalinowska was daughter of Ignacy Kalinowski of Lelow, owner of Kamionka, Suchary and Dziatkowice + Justyna Borzecka {above Józefa Kalinowska b. ca 1750 + Glogowski; Jozefa was daughter of Ignacy Kalinowski b. ca 1710 + Justyna Borzecka b. ca 1720}.
Above Lucya Glogowska + Stanislaw Grzymala at Jablonowo Jablonowski, owner of Rawa Ruska, had 2 sons: Ludwik Grzymala Jablonowski, m. HORTENSJA / Hortenzya Karsnicka Css 1 voto Ignacy Kalinowski
{Ignacy Kalinowski b. ca 1790 + Hortensja Karsnicka.
Seweryn Ksawery Kalinowski b. 1759 + Elzbieta Bielska had above named son Ignacy Kalinowski b. ca 1790.
Seweryn Ksawery was brother of Józefa Kalinowska + Jan Sadel Sadlo + Glogowski;
and of Antonina Kalinowska + Ludwik Walewski (see Wola Pszczolecka);
Seweryn Ksawery was son of Ignacy Kalinowski + Justyna Borzecka, and grandson of Józef Jan Kalinowski b. ca 1650-1728 + Anna Lanckoronska b. ca 1660}.

Hortensja [nee Karsnicka Css 1 voto Ignacy Kalinowski] was daughter of Antoni Karsnicki.
The 2nd son of above Lucya Glogowska + Stanislaw Grzymala at Jablonowo Jablonowski was Stanislaw Jozef Grzymala at Jablonowo Jablonowski owner of Rawa Ruska, m. Jozefa Bakawska daughter of
Jan Wincenty Count Bakowski and Kunegunda KOMOROWSKA Css
[above Jozefa Bakawska had sister Henryka + Roman KARNICKI; and brother Ferdynand Bakowski m. Antonina Komorowska Css with the Korczak coat of arms].

Ferdynand Jaksa-Bakowski 1800-1853 was son of above Jan Wincenty Jaksa-Bakowski 1770-1828 and Kunegunda Komorowska b. 1770;
above Ferdynand BAKOWSKI m. ca 1830 to Antonina Józefa Komorowska 1812-1891,
daughter of Antoni Piotr Józef Komorowski 1769-1826 and Konstancja Kunegunda Siestrzanek-Karnicka b. 1787.

Above Antoni Piotr Józef Komorowski / Antoni Piotr Józef Kajetan Jan Walenty Adam Komorowski b. 1769 in Sushno / SUSZNO, was son of
Jakub Bartlomiej Komorowski 1697 - 1781, who was son of
Michal Józef Komorowski b. ca 1670, and grandson of
Jan Komorowski b. ca 1640 - 1700, who came from
Stefan Komorowski and Katarzyna.

Above Stefan had also son Adam Komorowski who had son
Jan Komorowski d. 1719, and grandsons -
Stefan Aleksander Mamert Komorowski [Stefan was father of Barbara Zofia Dambska and Jan Komorowski];
Adam Ignacy Komorowski [-];
Ignacy Komorowski [with son Józef Joachim Komorowski ca 1735 - 1800] and
Piotr Komorowski
[father of Konstancja Magdalena Popiel and Michal Komorowski with son Cyprian Kajetan Komorowski b. 1776, d. 1858 in L'viv].

The WHITE underground movement before the 1863 JANUARY UPRISING:

There is a mass various circles among Polish in St. Petersburg, Kiev and Warsaw. The origins of these coincidentally occurred on the date of arrival in Poland (1860) of one of the secretaries to Jakob / JACOB Cremieux
[JAKOB was the son of Saul Haim Cremieux / Crémieu, who was the son of Mardochée Crémieux and Esther; SAUL was a husband of Sarah Carcassone],
who was at the time organizing the Alliance Israelite Universelle.
This courier was a French lawyer and journalist, Armand Lévy (1827 - 1891), an anti-clericalist, a freemason, a socialist; he was "born in a Roman Catholic family, but with a Jewish grand-father, he was passionate about the Jewish cause. He fought alongside his illustrious friends, such as Adam Mickiewicz [Mickiewicz's stay on the Bosporus], Ion Bratianu and Camillo Cavour, for the independence of Poland and Romania, and for the unification of Italy" by Wikipedia; he propagated the social upheaval in Russia.

Karol Majewski, secretary of Leopold Kronenberg, was among the first of them. He was a very influential personality in conspiratorial circles; in 1860, Majewski had the most influence among the students.

Maksymilian Unszlicht, a member of the academic committee (consisting of three persons), was also attended by Edward Jurgens, the son of a Jewess, who ran all the youth circles and associations that was set up in Warsaw.

Named Karol Konstanty Majewski (born in Denkowo close to Opatow in 1833 roku, d. 1897), a chairman of the National Government of the January Uprising 1863. He came from a family with the Jewish roots; his brother was Wladyslaw Majewski [see below] - the Commissioner of National Government in 1863 and second brother - lawyer, Wincenty Majewski (1807-1888); a student at the Academy of Medicine and Surgery in Warsaw in 1860; he was the organizer of the Academic Committee. In 1862 he became a member of the White Country Rural Directorate. Arrested, in 1866 sent to Siberia, returned in 1880.

Named the Rural Governance / White Country Rural Directorate - a body coordinating the activities of the White Party, formed in January 1862, existed until March 1863. Members of the Rural Directorate were among others: Wladyslaw Zamoyski, Leopold Stanislaw Kronenberg, Karol Ruprecht, Karol Majewski, Edward Jürgens, Tytus Wojciechowski, Aleksander Kurtz, Adam Goltz [Adam Goltz, 1817 in Sieniawa - d. in 1888, son of Jan and Katarzyna Czempinska], and Tadeusz Eydziatowicz [landowners, representatives of bank financiers and urban intelligentsia associated with the movement of "Millenerzy"].
Millenerzy - a group of Warsaw intellectuals in 1858-1861 with Edward Jürgens, efforts to grant autonomy to the Kingdom of Poland, demanded political rights for peasants.
Edward Jürgens (born 1824 in Plock, died 1863 in Warsaw) is a Polish independence activist; the leader of the liberal Warsaw bourgeoisie. He came from a family of the Jewish roots (mother). The son of a carpenter Henry (Heinrich) from Holstein and Anna Kryger, a widow. In 1843 graduated from Plock High School. Since 1847 under police supervision. 1852 graduated at the university in Dorpat and settled in Warsaw. In 1857 titular councilor.

Note at margin: Wladyslaw Majewski (1830 - 1897) - Polish politician, independence activist, commissioner of the National Government of 1863. He came from a family of Jewish origin.
Son of Jozef Majewski and Agata Niegodzinska.
His brother was Karol Majewski, chairman of the National Government in the January Uprising of 1863.
AGATA'S genealogy:
Magdalena Myszka de Laurentis / Myszka vel Mesczynska (1761 in Kunów - died in 1817, Kunów) married Jan Kubicki (1760 - 1811 in Kunów), son of Stanislaw Kubicki and Jadwiga Pakulska; her children:
Agnieszka Kubicka b. 1786 in Kunów; Anna; Jadwiga Kubicka m. Wincenty Jaroszewski; Anna Kubicka second,
Kazimierz Kubicki (b. 1795 Kunów) 1st m. Marianna Hagen,
2nd married before 1829 to Eleonora Majewska d. 1890 in Seredzice close to Ilza, daughter of Józef Majewski and mentioned Agata Niezgodzinska (Niegodzinska) b. ca 1785 in Janików, died in 1856, Warszawa.
Children of ELEONORA:
Jan Kubicki (1829, Ruda), and Karol Kubicki (1835 in Kunów - d. 1899 in Krasnosielc) m. in 1862, Parzymiechy, close to Klobuck, to Berta Maria Hellmann b. in Gruenberg, Prussia; with children in Parzymiechy, and Stanislaw Józef Kubicki in Patrykozy, close to Kozuchówek.
Geographic data to Agata Niegodzinska:
Byszewy south of SKOSZEWY; west-north-west of BRZEZINY [see Roman - Brzezinska LEONIA !].
Agata Niezgodzinska (Niegodzinska) b. 1785 Janików, close to Opatow and Ozarów.
Denków - part of Ostrowiec Swietokrzyski.
Kunów - close to above Ostrowiec and Nietulisko, by the Kamienna river.
Seredzice - close to Ilza.
Patrykozy, in the Kozuchówek parish, south-east of SOKOLOW PODLASKI.

We back to movement of Leopold Kronenberg, who collaborated very closely with the Agricultural Society
[the Agricultural Society issued in March 1861 several statements like social and political manifesto, for which it was dissolved. A group of Warsaw intelligentsia and the bourgeoisie demanded deeper reforms in the liberal spirit; leading role was played by one of the richest men in Poland at that time, banker Leopold Kronenberg. Representatives saw the possibility of further socio-economic development of the country also through the equalization of rights of Jews. Agricultural Society - an organization in the Kingdom of Poland in Nov. 1857 / 1858-1861],
together with Karol Majewski, Jurgens, Aleksander Kurtz.
Leopold Kronenberg was the great friend of Enoch
[Enoch Juliusz / Julian Kazimierz Mamert, in 1847 - 1850 the Judge of the Civil Court of the Province of Warsaw; since 1858 Prosecutor; since 1860 the Prosecutor of the Warsaw Senate Departments. Born 1822 - d. 1880, Secretary of State, secret adviser, senator, politician]
and Wladyslaw Zamoyski.
Thanks to Karol Majewski, two landowners: Kolaczkowski and Siemienski, formed an organization joined the younger generation of landowners; co-operated in 1860, with the Hotel Lambert - among others with Ludwik Wolowski SECOND, Leon Kaplinski and Juljan Klaczko.

Maurycy Koniar, son of Jakub, originally called Moryc Kohn,
concluded in 1840 a contract for the supply of raw materials to the government industrial plants, and in June 1841 he assured the Bank of Poland to the construction of industrial plants in Nietulisko. MAURYCY rented lotteries of the Kingdom of Poland (1849-1862).
Adam Wolowski, the director of the Warsaw mint, was granted a loan to above company, and he secured him a loan;
in 1856, KONIAR / KOHN concluded with the Polish Bank contracts for iron from Ostrowiec and Irena. In 1861-1863 he was the chairman of the Accounting Commission to the Warsaw Railway; acted in the sugar plants and refineries of Hermanów and Lyszkowice. He owned Gradowa, Lisice, Seroki near Lowicz, and Szymanow in the Sochaczew area, purchased in 1844. At the end of 1864, he officially declared bankruptcy and disappeared from Warsaw.

Saul ben Jakub, 1807-?, banker, came from a poor Jewish family from Wieruszow [see Madalinski and Kiedrzynski].
In 1825 he converted to Catholicism and married a daughter of a banker and industrialist named above Maurice Koniar; since 1825 he ran a lottery; he was a co-agent of the Polish government, a supplier of raw materials to the government, and in 1849-1862 he was a lottery agent in the Kingdom of Poland.
JAKUB was a descendant of the francists and mentioned Adam Wolowski, director of the mint, since 1855, was his business associate;
in 1835 JAKUB was granted nobility. In 1864 he declared bankruptcy. His further fate is unknown.

Above Adam Wolowski (1855 to August 1865) and then Stanislaw Pusch were the directors of the Warsaw mint;
that is Adam Ernest Wolowski, b. ca 1798, died 1868 - Warszawa. He married ca 1820 to Barbara Maryewska, 1796-1863;
his children:
1. Wladyslaw Józef Ludwik WOLOWSKI, 1829-1895 + Józefa Teofila Szymanowska, 1833-1875; with son Adam Franciszek Gabriel Wolowski, 1856-1900 m. 1st Maria Koziell-Poklewska, 1860-1891, 2nd to Pss Stefania Woroniecka 1860-1925

[her great-grandparents: DUKE Andrzej Woroniecki; Pawel Gostomski 1760-1825; Hieronim Zielinski of NUR; Antoni Piotr Fabian Psarski 1766-1851; Magdalena Gruszecka; Aniela Szydlowska; Teresa Ciemniewska;
Lucja Czekulin, 1775-1863 - see
Antoni Piotr Fabian Psarski (1766 - 1851 Redziny) m. Lucja Czekulin (1775 - 1863).
He was the son of Wladyslaw Psarski b. ca 1725 - d. 1787, officer in Ostrzeszów, m. Rozalia Bartochowska lived in Ruda close to Wielun (see Kiedrzynski near Wielun).
Grandson of Franciszek Ksawery Psarski b. 1691.
Franciszek Ksawery Psarski 1691 - 1772, owner of Biala 14 km north-west of Wielun], died in Myslniew, the Kobyla Góra parish close to Ostrzeszow [see Kiedrzynski in Ostrzeszow]; married to Teresa Sielnicka b. ca 1690 / 1700 [his daughter was Marianna Psarska b. ca 1730-1764 + Jan Nepomucen Olszowski b. 1733 - see the Lech Kaczynski branch];
his son Wladyslaw Psarski b. ca 1725 - d. 1787, officer in Ostrzeszów, m. Rozalia Bartochowska lived in Ruda close to Wielun (see Kiedrzynski near Wielun).

See - WORONIECKI and genealogy of Zbigniew BRZEZINSKI !
2. Felicja Zofia Wolowska 1832-1906 + Count Bronislaw Juliusz Edmund Lasocki, judge in Mlawa, 1828-1912;
3. Stanislaw Wolowski 1834-1892 + Maria Rawicz 1840-1922.

Adam Ernest Wolowski born ca 1798 was the son of Adam Zachariasz Wolowski, 1770 - before 1833, who was married in 1795, Warszawa, to Teresa Zalewska, 1777 - 1855;
they had daughter Emilia Teofila Zalewska (born Wolowska), and the son Adam Ernest WOLOWSKI, 1798-1868 + Barbara Maryewska 1796-1863.

See - Adam Alfons Wolowski, 1799 - 1861 - Warszawa, parents: Ludwik, b. ca 1764 - died in 1832 in Warsaw, and Elzbieta Lanckoronska, b. ca 1771 - d. 1837 - Warszawa. Elzbieta Lanckoronska, b. 1770/1771, was the daughter of Józef LANCKORONSKI and Klara. LUDWIK WOLOWSKI m. in 1786, Warszawa.

Kronenberg - Wolowski - Szymanowski: a political vision of the future of Poland by the eyes of the great Jews patriots.

Leon Wladyslaw Loewenstein de Lenval / Leon Ladislaus Löwenstein / Lenval Jean Ladislas Loewenstein, baron de, by 'Dictionnaire historique et biographique du comte de Nice', was the brother of Seweryn Jakub Henryk Loewenstein de Lenval, baron, son of Jakub and Dorota Kronenberg. Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka / Enna-Tiresa Timieniecka, died in 2014 come from the barons Loewenstein de Lenval. Leon Wladyslaw Loewenstein de Lenval was industrialist and philanthropist.
He was the third son among five children of a wealthy Jewish merchant Jacob Loewenstein and Dorothy Kronenberg, older sister of Leopold Kronenberg; after graduating in 1855 of the Institute of Agriculture and Forestry at Marymont in Warsaw, he worked as administrator of property of Kronenberg in Brzezie in the area of Wloclawek. 1857 - went to Calvinism. 1882 lived mainly in Brussels and Nice.

Note on the Kronenberg family and BRZEZIE close to Wloclawek:

Brzezie - west of WLOCLAWEK [see Lipno and Plock !], close to Radziejow and Brzesc Kujawski / Brzesc Kujawski.

BRZEZIE was the land property of Józef Dambski, b. ca 1810, son of Józef Walenty Dambski b. 1777 and Marcjanna Marianna Leszczynska born 1785. Jozef Dambski's great-grandparents:
Tomasz Dambski of Inowroclaw, 1690-1748;
Lukasz Madalinski of Kowal, b. 1700;
Andrzej Leszczynski of Rawa Mazowiecka b. 1700;
Franciszek Kazimierz Lanckoronski of Brzezie and of Rawa Mazowiecka, 1723-1785;
Marianna Kolczynska b. 1690; Ewa Estko b. 1740 [see KOSCIUSZKO]; Bazylea Woyczynska 1720-1751; and Eleonora Garczynska 1722-1802.

Please remember on Kazimierz Brzezinski, Sr. born ca 1820 / 1840 (60s of the 19 cent. emigrated ?? to Austrian Galicia), married before 1865 to Zuzanna Mayer [born ca 1840 / 1845 ?]; they were living in Zolkiew. Zbigniew Brzezinski come from named Kazimierz Brzezinski, Sr.

Marianna Agata Wolowska that is Maria Szymanowska married Józef Szymanowski, with whom she had three children while living in Poland: Helena (1811-61), who married a man named Malewski, and twins Celina SZYMANOWSKA (1812-55), who married Adam Mickiewicz, and Romuald (1812-40), who became an engineer.
Maria Szymanowska born Marianna Agata Wolowska in Warsaw, 1789, died in 1831, St. Petersburg, Russia; was a Polish composer and one of the first professional virtuoso pianists of the 19th century. Marianna Agata Wolowska was daughter of Franciszek Wolowski, a landlord and a brewer.
Her mother - Barbara LANCKORONSKA, 1780 - 1849 / 1850? Barbara was the daughter of unknown Lanckoronski
[Barbara maybe was the daughter of Jan Lanckoronski of Brzezie, officer of Nur, 1746-1791, and Maria Anna Januszkiewicz b. 1755; Barbara was sister of: Antoni Józef Lanckoronski 1777-1850 m. Ewa Mecinska, and Julia Barbara Lanckoronska 1779-1846 m. Jakub Jerzy Antoni Dunin-Borkowski].

Brzezie - west of WLOCLAWEK, close to Radziejow and Brzesc Kujawski / Brzesc Kujawski, then it was the land of Miaczynski, next the property to the Kronenbergs [with Wieniec, Dubielewo, Aleksandrowo, Maryanki, Leopoldowo].
1873 - new palace; Leopold Kronenberg died in 1878 and Brzezie taken his children: Stanislaw Leopold Kronenberg (to 1887), then Leopold Julian Kronenberg (to 1937); 1889 - here was living Walerian Kronenberg; the last owner was Leopold Jan Kronenberg. Above Leopold Stanislaw Kronenberg b. 1812, d. 1878 in Nice, was the Polish banker, investor and financier of Jewish origin, one of the leaders before the January Uprising 1863. He came from a wealthy family of Jewish rabbis. His father was Samuel Eleazar Kronenberg (1773-1826) led the banking activities in Warsaw. Mother Tekla Levi (1775-1848).

Above Baron Seweryn Jakub Henryk Loewenstein (b. 1833, d. 1895) - Polish entrepreneur and manufacturer of Jewish origin. He was born as the son of James and above named Dorothy Kronenberg (sister of Leopold). He was the brother of Leon. He was a co-founder and co-owner of plants Lilpop, Rau and Loewenstein in Warsaw. 1884 baron of the Saxon-Coburg-Gotha Duchy under Ernest II Sachsen-Coburg-Gotha.
Baron Leon Wladyslaw Loewenstein de Lenval married Maria Helena Kronenberg (1853-1895, daughter of Henryk Andrzej Kronenberg),
with children: Leon Mieczyslaw (b. 1872) and Maria Katarzyna Dorota (b. 1873, m. Count Izydor Colonna-Czosnowski).

Wladyslaw Józef Ludwik Wolowski that is Ludwik Wolowski, Member of the Agricultural Society of the Kingdom of Poland [with Jakub Szymanowski, 1795/1797-1873]; he lived in Chamsk, close to Biezun [north-east], the Mlawa county [32 km south-west to Mlawa and west of PRZASNYSZ];
b. ca 1829, died in 1895 in Warszawa, son of Adam Ernest Wolowski 1798-1868 and Barbara Maryewska, 1796-1863;
he married in 1851, Warszawa, to Józefa Teofila Szymanowska, 1833-1875,
his family - Adam Franciszek Gabriel WOLOWSKI, 1856-1900 + Maria Koziell-Poklewska, 1860-1891.

Adam Ernest Wolowski 1798-1868 - parents Adam WOLOWSKI 1770-1833, and Teresa Zalewska;

Józefa Teofila Szymanowska, 1833-1875: her father was Jakub Szymanowski, 1795/1797-1873 [Member of the Agricultural Society of the Kingdom of Poland in 1861; lived in ZBIKOW close to BLONIE];
her half-brother was Waclaw Cyryl Jakub 1821-1886 who married Michalina Naimska, 1833-1918.

Jakub Szymanowski, 1797 - 1873, was the son of Franciszek Szymanowski and Agata Wolowska;
Franciszek was born in 1750, in Warszawa; Agata was born in 1760, in Warszawa.
Jakub had sister Filipina Teofila Brzezinska (born Szymanowska).
Jakub married Anna Zawadzka, born in 1790, with 3 children: Waclaw Cyryl Jakub Szymanowski and 2 other;
Jakub SZYMANOWSKI married 2nd to Karolina Wolowska, born in 1809, in Pustynia, Galicja, Austria,
with one daughter Józefa Teofila Wolowska (born Szymanowska).

Józef MADALINSKI, b. 1774 [Józef Wawrzyniec Kajetan MADALINSKI b. 1774, owner of Kraszyn and Chodaki], died after 1809, Captain in 1809, m. Julianna nee Bogdanska, 1st voto JAKUB Kiedrzynski; she d. in Orpiszew / Orpiszewko in 1809 (Orpiszewko was the Kiedrzynskis).

He was son of Kajetan Madalinski, 1740-1784 [see below !] and Dorota Kiedrzynska / DOROTA PSARSKA - MADALINSKA born in 1740 or 1750 - 1784.
Dorota was 1st married (1768 / 1769 ?) to Wawrzyniec Grabinski / Wawrzyniec Bartlomiej Grabinski who d. before 1769, his father Stefan Grabinski d. 1742, mother Konstancja Lubiatowska d. 1763;
his brothers: Jan Grabinski, Andrzej Grabinski, Bartlomiej Grabinski d. 1787; his step-father Szymon Czarniecki d. 1744;
Dorota m. 2nd to Tomasz Psarski born ca 1740 / 1750, died ca 1807;
Tomasz was owner of Wola Dzierlinska bought in 1786.
Dorota m. 3rd to Kajetan Madalinski 1740-1784, with son Józef MADALINSKI, b. 1774, died after 1809, Captain in 1809.

Note:
Antoni Józef Madalinski b. 1739 in Porowo / Porów / Borowo, d. 1804 / 1805 in Borowo; son of Józef [1710 - 1755; Jozef was son of Bonawentura Madalinski and Konstancja Oraczewska] and Barbara Gutowski / Gutowska b. ca 1710, died 1775.

Porów - that is Borowo / Borowo-MLYN, north-east of Poznan, at half way from Poznan to GNIEZNO; north of Kostrzyn i the Great Poland; west of POBIEDZISKA.

Above Józef Madalinski b. ca 1710, d. 1755, of Niedzielsko 4 km east of Wielun, died in Srem close to Koscian - see Sulkowski!

Antoni Józef Madalinski b. 1739, Lieutenant General, commander during the Kosciuszko Uprising in 1794. He was Bar Confederation participant in 1768. His father was above mentioned Józef Madalinski, acc. to inf. 1739 - owner of Karniszew (the Sokolniki parish north of Gniezno, includes: Bojanice, Bojanickie Huby, Borzatew / Wilhelmsau, Florentynowo, Karniszew / Karniszewo close to Klecko, Kobylica, Maczniki, Male Swiatniki, Mieleszyn north-east of Klecko, Przysieka, Sokolnickie Huby, Sokolniki), married to Barbara Gutowski, owner of Gola - 5 km west of Gostyn and close to the Sulkowskis estates, in 1745-1746 owner of Babin - 6 km north of Slupca and east of Wrzesnia; Chrostowo - 1754, d. 1755. Barbara m. 2nd in 1765 to Jakub Krzyzanowski.

Above Madalinski Antoni / Antoni Józef, son of above Gutowska, b. 1739, owner of Karniszew / Karniszewo until 1781, Kostrzyn east of Poznan in 1800, Piekary 1802, Zatopolice close to Radom, Przybyszew / Przybyszewo, Lubania and Porów; burned in Przybyszewo, but his heart in Lubania. Lubania close to Sadkowice, and close to Nowe Miasto - see Kiedrzynski! Przybyszew - east of Nowe Miasto by Pilica! He was in 1778 - 1788 under protection of the Sulkowskis; was living in Baszkow - 6 km to the Silesien and then Prussian border - south-west of Krotoszyn, close to Zduny - north-west of Ostrzeszow. Baszków is situated ca 5 km west of Zduny, the Leszczynskis land, then in 1791 to Mielzynski. Antoni Madalinski after capitulation in 1794, was jailed by the Prussians 1795 - 1797.

Bonawentura Madalinski and Konstancja Oraczewska d. 1762:
Bonawentura [b. 1680 ??] died 1762; he was the son of Kazimierz Madalinski (1660 ??-1731 of NUR {son of Samuel Madalinski (1630 ??-1673) and Katarzyna Milaszewska}) and Zofia Wypyska (?-1731).
KONSTANCJA had 3 sons:
Józef Madalinski (-1755) [Józef Madalinski b. ca 1710, d. 1755, of Niedzielsko 4 km east of Wielun, died in Srem close to Koscian];
Andrzej Madalinski (-1766);
Wojciech Madalinski (-1778).

Note to above
Kajetan Madalinski 1740-1784: he was the son of Aleksander MADALINSKI, 1690-1773, owner of Raczkow and Upuszczow close to Sieradz, who married in 1725 to Barbara Walknowska Walichnowska daughter of Ewa nee Kozuchowska.
Above mentioned Kajetan MADALINSKI 1740 - d. ca 1784, landlord of Raczkow and Upuszczow, m. before 1773 to Dorota Kiedrzynska (1740-1784) daughter of Andrzej and Franciszka nee Jackowska, 1 voto Wawrzyniec Grabinski (b. ca 1730) son of Stefan Grabinski, 2 voto Tomasz Psarski, (1740-1770 ?) (b. 1807 ??), owner of Wola Dzierlinska;
with children:
1. Jakub Madalinski 1775 - 1833 m. Honorata Psarska 1770-1831 with daughter Pulcheria Anna Magdalena Madalinska m. to Józef Julian Kazimierz Kolumna-Walewski b. 1787;
2. mentioned Józef Wawrzyniec Kajetan Madalinski b. 1774, Captain, owner of Kraszyn, and Chodaki m. Julianna Bogdanska, 1 voto Jakub Kiedrzynski, d. 1809, with Kunegunda before 1809 in Orpiszewek, m. in 1835 in Restarzew, to Grzegorz Chrzanowski b. ca 1784, son of Zofia Tymienicki.

Madalinski Aleksander owner of Raczkow and Upuszczow in the Sieradz county, m. in 1725 to Barbara Walknowska Walichnowska; Aleksander Madalinski [born ca 1690 - died before 1773] owner of Raczkow and Upuszczow close to Sieradz, was from BOBROWNIKI by PROSNA.
Son of Andrzej Madalinski born in 1650, in Bobrowniki, died in 1720, official of WIELUN; he married in 1690 to Marianna Grabianka, 1660 - 1721. They had one son Aleksander Madalinski b. ca 1690.

Antoni Madalinski with the Larysza coat of arms of Bobrowniki nad Prosna - 20 km north of WIERUSZOW - was the owner of the estate;
the land was in hands of the Wierzbietas, 1365 - 1640; Madalinski, 1640 - ca 1800; Belina, ca 1730 - 1910; Chrzanowski, 1864 - 1945:
Piotr Wierzbieta married Anna Domiechowska, in 1640 he sold Bobrowniki, Kolebki and Mieleszówka to Aleksander Madalinski; but in 1497 Stanislaw Madalinski with a brother Mikolaj inherited Torzyniec (Torzeniec), they were sons of Piotr MADALINSKI.
Torzeniec - 17 km south-east of OSTRZESZOW - north of WIERUSZOW; 9 km south of above BOBROWNIKI by PROSNA river.

Piotr MADALINSKI bought Niedzielsko.
Mentioned Aleksander Madalinski, son of Jan Aleksander and Niechmierowska, was an official of the royal court in 1636, in Wielun in 1652.
His son was Andrzej MADALINSKI of BOBROWNIKI, m. Marianna Grabianka, and he taken from Marcin Borzyslawski and Stanislaw Borzyslawski, in 1685, village Zarzecze and Debicza in the Ostrzeszow county.
His successors were the sons:
Andrzej [see below] and Franciszek [Bobrowniki, Hanobry, Kolebki];
Franciszek married twice: Petronela Doruchowska, then in 1728 to Julianna Zajdlicz. He died in 1738;
his son Ignacy (1707 - 1777), died in Bobrowniki; in 1777 his brother JAN MADALINSKI inherited Bobrowniki, and he was also the guardian of the children of his cousin Kajetan MADALINSKI.
In Bobrowniki also lived sister of above Jan and Ignacy - Teresa. She died on January 4th, 1787 in KOLEBKI;
Jan's daughter, Katarzyna, on February 11, 1792, married in Bobrowniki to Ignacy Rominski;
in 1792 the son of JAN, that is Kazimierz was mentioned.
Named above Andrzej MADALINSKI was mentioned as a heir to Bobrowniki in 1741. His wife was Katarzyna Gaszynska. Their daughter, Anna Madalinska, married Maciej Belina, and since then, Bobrownik has been part of the Belina's family property.

It is unlikely that General Antoni Madalinski was born in Bobrowniki. First of all, in the records of the Doruchów parish there is no baptismal act of the General. His parents lived in the Gniezno area, and near to Sroda Wlkp, Srem, Gostyn; Brother of Antoni, that is Feliks born 1741, was baptised in Brodnica close to Srem; sister Gabriela b. 1745, and brother Leon born in 1746, come from Babin in the Bagrowo parish near to Sroda Wlkp; we can, however, say that the Madalinski family, from which the general was born, was related to the Madalinskis of Bobrowniki. The seven generations earlier (late 16th century) was Antoni Madalinski, married Anna Galewska and they had two sons: Sebastian (the line of the general) and ALEKSANDER, the beginning of the line in Bobrowniki.

We can say that the only top officer of the Madalinskis, born in Bobrowniki, was Captain Józef Kajetan Antoni Madalinski, born in 1774, died in 1809.
His father - Kajetan Madalinski, was the cousin of Ignacy and Jan Madalinski of Bobrowniki.
Kajetan Madalinski died in 1784, and left Józef, aged 10 years, under care of above Jan Madalinski.

Michal Nieniewski (1728 in Starokrzepice - d. after 1766), officiel in Wielun [the Godfather was Dziebowski / Dzieboski, officiel in Krzepice, writer, with Katarzyna Dzieboska, his wife], in 1762 bought Urbanice close to Wielun; m. 1756 in Bobrowniki by Prosna, to Aniela Bylina b. ca 1735 - d. after 1766, daughter of Maciej Bylina (1700 - 1747), officiel in Wizna !; and Anna Madalinska daughter of Andrzej MADALINSKI, officiel in Wielun, landowner in Bobrowniki, landlord-manager in Czarnobyl of Sapiecha, and his wife Katarzyna nee Gaszynska.

In 1808 the part of Bobrowniki had a new owner. It was Florian Szelicki, who married Marianna Kossecka, the sister of the last Madalinski's wife at Bobrowniki - Wojciech Madalinski. In 1810 Bobrowniki rented Ignacy Boblewski, and from 1817 to 1821 Wojciech Nowicki. In 1821 - 1830, Stanislaw Bleszynski, the proxy / procurator of the part of the village BOBROWNIKI.
Brief on the CICHOWICZ family:
CICHOWICZ of Zydaczow had sons: Marcin d. 1833 m. Malgorzata Wieczorkiewicz; and
Antoni owner of Danków close Czestochowa, officer in Zloczew, m. in 1828 to Józefa Bleszynska daughter of above Stanislaw Bleszynski and Konstancja Wezyk
[?? - she b. ca 1750; the daughter of Józef Wezyk of Konary Sieradzkie, 1710-1771 and Helena Jordan b. 1730. Konstancja was married in 1777 to Pawel Skorzewski 1744-1819].

PETRONELA Radolinska (b. ca 1764-1821), was a daughter of Jan Radolinski 1726-1796 and Brygida or Maria Brygida Galecki / Brygida Malecka; Petronela nee Radolinska was granddaughter of Józef Stefan Radolinski of Wschowa b. 1680 - died in 1740. Mentioned above Petronela died in Zloczew / Zloczow, m. in 1789 to Ignacy Bleszynski (1742 - 1813), son of Kazimierz and Teresa Struss; owner of Zloczów and Brzezno; he was born in Zloczów, 1st married to Apolonia Sudrawska. See: Wola Pszczolecka. The genealogy of above Ignacy Bleszynski [Ignacy Bleszynski of Luszowice, close to Koscielec]: Ignacy Bleszynski born in 1742 Zloczew - d. 1813 / 1815, son of Kazimierz Bleszynski b. 1703 in Bleszno, and Teresa nee Struss / Strus m. 1st to Jan Jordan.

Helena Nieniewska b. ca 1796, m. in 1816, Osjaków, to Wojciech Madalinski (1772 - 1824 in Debina, the Osjaków parish), owner of Osjaków, Nowa Wies, Debina, Felinów, son of Jan Madalinski, owner of named Bobrowniki, grandson of Franciszek Madalinski and his 2nd wife Julianna Zajdlic, daughter of Florian and Barbara Eleonora Herman; Wojciech Madalinski was the son of Anna Botkowska.

In 1864, Bobrowniki bought Julian Józef Chrzanowski ex-owner of Olszowa close to Kepno; then Walerian Chrzanowski (1834 -1891) - his son.

Józef Stanislaw Radolinski born 1730 - died in 1781 in Winnogóra, the Szamotuly County, was father of Antonina Maria Breza
{Antonina Maria Breza Radolinska / Maria Antoinette von Radolin-Radolinska, 1771 - d. 1845 in Poznan + Stanislaw Kajetan Krystian von Alcantara Ignatz Breza, 1752 or born in 1754 in Chorostki, Volhynia - 1847 in Jankowice, son of Michal Breza, 1718-1771 in Chorostki, and grandson of Jan Dominik Breza, ca 1681-1738 - see below !}
and Wiridianna / Wirydianna Fiszer (1761 - 1826; see General Stanislaw Fiszer, Radolinski of Wola Pszczolecka, General Franciszek Paszkowski, Armand + Konstantynowicz, Lenin + Inessa Armand, Tadeusz Kosciuszko).

Zdzislaw Godfryd Redel b. 1839 was the son of Wanda Narcyza Albina Zmichowska (b. ca 1816 in Rawicz), daughter of Jan Zmichowski and Wiktoria Kiedrzynska.

Wiktoria died in 1819; Wiktoria nee Kiedrzynska was daughter of Lukasz Kiedrzynski

{Lukasz Kiedrzynski married 1st time to Franciszka Buczynski / Buczynska, he was owner of Kunowo / Kunow in 1767 (from hands of his mother), he was son of Ludwika nee Sitnicka or Sielinski - 6 km north of Gostyn and 31 km south-east of Koscian. See: Franciszek Ksawery Psarski died in Myslniew, the Kobyla Góra parish close to Ostrzeszow; married to Teresa Sielnicka b. ca 1710; his son Wladyslaw Psarski b. ca 1725 - d. 1787, officer in Ostrzeszów, m. Rozalia Bartochowska lived in Ruda close to Wielun (see Kiedrzynski), with 10 children.
Lukasz Kiedrzynski born ca 1740, on 01.08.1774 married 2nd time to Franciszka Maria Raczynska b. ca 1755 daughter of Józef Raczynski - son of Stanislaw Raczynski and Zofia nee Grodzynska - and Brygida nee Breza - daughter of Jan Dominik Breza and Katarzyna nee Kierski / KIERSKA b. 1680 d. 1749.
Daughter of Lukasz Kiedrzynski and Franciszka Kiedrzynska, was Wiktoria nee Kiedrzynska - she was born ca 1775, studied in Poznan, translator of French philosophers, was near by to sister of her mother - Tekla Zmichowska nee Raczynski and her husband Józef}

and Franciszka Józefata Raczynska / Franciszka Maria Raczynska b. ca 1755
[Franciszka born 1751 or ca 1755, was daughter of Józef Raczynski and Brygida BREZA / Brigitta Breza, ca 1720 - 1775, daughter of Jan Dominik Breza 1681 - 1738.
BRYGIDA was the sister of MICHAL Breza b. 1718].

Lukasz Kiedrzynski with 2nd wife Franciszka nee Raczynska had daughter Wiktoria and sons: Ksawery, Józef, Kazimierz, and Feliks / Felix.
Husband of above Ludwika Sielnicka / Sitnicka or Sielinski was Jan Kiedrzynski with Ostoja arms, b. ca 1710.
Three sons of LUKASZ and FRANCISZKA studied at the University of Halle and Jena; all 4 sons fought under Napoleon; above Ksawery Kiedrzynski was lawyer and solicitor in Warsaw, owner of Oltarzew close to Warsaw; Ksawery died ca 1828; his brother Józef Teofil Jan Ewangelista Kiedrzynski m. Maria Skojewska, with children: Maria and Jan Kiedrzynski; Józef was owner of Mezenin close to Zambrow. Kazimierz Kiedrzynski married widowed Ksawery's wife - was friend of the Czartoryskis of Konskowola; then moved home to CRACOW.

Next of kin to named LUKASZ KIEDRZYNSKI born ca 1740:
1. Mikolaj Kiedrzynski the 5th, b. ca 1735, from Koszkowo close to Noskowo and Kunowo;
2. Florian / Floryan Kiedrzynski, b. ca 1730 / 1740, owner of Noskowo - inf. 1776, 16 km east of Koszkowo and 27 km east of Kunowo. The same Florian Kiedrzynski b. ca 1730 (1740 ?), married in 1759, his wife was living 1730-1786. His son Leon Kiedrzynski b. ca 1760. His uncle was Kazimierz Kiedrzynski m. Katarzyna Swierczkowska.

Above Florian Kiedrzynski's father was Marcin Kiedrzynski b. ca 1700 ? - died in 1788, mother Wiktoria Pstrokonska / Wiktoria Poraj Pstrokonska;
brothers of FLORIAN:
Jan Antoni Maciej Kiedrzynski 1738 - d. ?;
Stanislaw Kiedrzynski ? - 1774;
Pawel Kiedrzynski;
Józef Kiedrzynski;
sister "Bona z Karsów" / BONA of Karsy, nee Kiedrzynska -
the village Karsy, the Lódz Voivodeship at present, close to Kobiele, 14 km south-east of Radomsko and south of Kodrab, north-east of Czestochowa.

Presumably Teresa and Ludwika Sielnicka are sisters. Stefan Sielnicki b. ca 1680, had two children born ca 1710 / 1720; this is a branch of STRZELECKI Pawel Edmund (1797 - 1873), Redel and Rostworowski. Lukasz Kiedrzynski in 1767 bought from his mother Ludwika nee Sielnicki / Sitnicki / Sielinski (b. ca 1710 / 1720), the Kunowo estate. Franciszek Ksawery Psarski 1691 - 1772 in Myslniew, the Ostrzeszów County, son of Aleksander Psarski and Marianna; husband of Teresa Sielnicka b. ca 1710.

A note to JOZEF SOLTYK:

Jadwiga Maria Walewska was the daughter of Karol Walewski and Maria Radolinska [see below !]; Jadwiga had the daughter Henryka or Henrietta b. in Berlin in 1852 m. Henryk Gustaw Algernon Breza b. 1844.

Henryk Gustaw Algernon Breza b. 1844 was the son of Fryderyk August Breza b. 1808 in DREZNO;
FRYDERYK'S grandparents were:
named Michal Breza of Lubaczów, 1718-1771 - see above !, Ewa Zurawska 1720-1794, Józef Stanislaw Radolinski of Wschowa, 1730-1781 and Katarzyna Raczynska 1744-1792

{Katarzyna Radolinska Raczynska, 1744 / 1748-1792, was the daughter of Leon Raczynski 1698-1750 (son of MICHAL KAZIMIERZ RACZYNSKI 1650-1737 in POZNAN, grandson of Zygmunt Raczynski who died 1662), and Wirydiana Mielzynska.
But above mentioned Franciszka Maria Raczynska b. ca 1755 (or Franciszka Józefata Kiedrzynska nee Raczynska, b. 1751, wife of Lukasz Kiedrzynski, mother of Wiktoria Zmichowska; sister of Anna Strzelecka; Zuzanna Raczynska; Franciszek Wojciech Raczynski; Katarzyna Rynarzewska; Helena Raczynska and Krystyna Lisiecka) was the daughter of Józef Raczynski b. ca 1720 - son of Stanislaw Raczynski b. ca 1680/1700 and Zofia nee Grodzynska - and Brygida nee Breza, b. ca 1720 - d. ca 1775}.

Henryk Gustaw Algernon Breza married 2nd time to Helena Soltyk 1857-1947 {her great-grandfather was Józef Soltyk 1750-1803 who was the brother to Maciej Kajetan SOLTYK, Crown secretary, Senator and Speaker of the Parliament of the Duchy of Warsaw}.

Above named Maria Radolinska b. 1795 m. Karol Franciszek Salezy Walewski [see: Pstrykonie / Pstrokonie, Krzeslow with Wola Pszczolecka, Kurow - Kiedrzynski; and Kurówka bought in 1818.

Maria Januszkiewicz / Maria Anna Januszkiewicz Slonecka b. ca 1740 / 1755 or 1760 was the daughter of Henryk Januszkiewicz b. ca 1710 / 1720 and Anna Bialynska. Maria Anna married Jan Lanckoronski 1740 / 1746- 1791, Count in 1782; she had daughter
Anna Lanckoronska 1778 / 1780 - 1853, and son
Antoni Lanckoronski b. in Lanckorona in 1777, d. Paryz 1850, Count in the Polish Kingdom, 1824; orderly officer on the staff of Napoleon I, m. Ewa Mecinska daughter of Adam Mecinski and Aniela Stadnicka.

Antoni Lanckoronski had son Henryk Stanislaw Wojciech LANCKORONSKI b. Mianocice close to Ksiaz Wielki in 1816, m. in Berlin in 1850 to Jadwiga Maria Walewska daughter of Karol Walewski and Maria Radolinska [Maria Radolinska b. 1795];
with daughter Henryka or Henrietta nee LANCKORONSKA b. in Berlin in 1852 who m. above
Henryk Gustaw Algernon Breza b. 1844

[1st married in 1875, Drezno, to Css Henryka Lanckoronska 1852-1880, daughter of Henryk Stanislaw Wojciech Lanckoronski 1816-1897 + Jadwiga Maria Walewska 1825-1857);
2nd married in 1888, Kraków, to Helena Soltyk 1857-1947, daughter of Marceli Soltyk 1816-1896 + Zofia Budziszewska].

And again back to
Lukasz Kiedrzynski born ca 1740, owner of Kunow, on 01.08.1774 married 2nd time to Franciszka Maria Raczynska b. ca 1755 daughter of Józef Raczynski [son of Stanislaw Raczynski and Zofia nee Grodzynska] and Brygida nee Breza [daughter of Jan Dominik Breza and Katarzyna nee Kierski / KIERSKA b. 1680 d. 1749].

Katarzyna BREZA KIERSKA was mother of:
mentioned Michal Breza
(Michal Breza of Lubaczów, 1718-1771 [see above] was father of Stanislaw Kajetan Krystian von Alcantara Ignatz Breza born 1752/1754, and Ewa Woynarowski),

and Brygida Raczynska (see above).

Note to Ignacy Kiedrzynski / Ignacy Kiedrzynski

[b. ca 1730; acc. to my research he was the brother of Andrzej Kiedrzynski born ca 1720 / 1730. Andrzej Kiedrzynski was the landowner of Biegacino in 1760, that is Bieganin / Bieganino ca 23 km west of Kalisz and 16 km south of Orpiszewko; married Franciszka Jackowska]:
in 1764 in Wielgomlyny, Ignacy Kiedrzynski of Malowana Wola (5 km east of DMENIN; 9 km north-west of WOLKA BANKOWA; 5 km north of Kobiele Wielkie) married Zofia nee Zablocka 1 voto Swiecicka, widow.

Marcin Kiedrzynski senior was the uncle of above Ignacy Kiedrzynski b. ca 1730 and to Andrzej Kiedrzynski born ca 1720.

Mentione above Marcin b. ca 1700, and Kazimierz Kiedrzynski were the brothers.

Above Florian Kiedrzynski's father was
Marcin Kiedrzynski senior, b. ca 1700 ? - died in 1788, mother Wiktoria Pstrokonska / Wiktoria Poraj Pstrokonska. Florian / Floryan Kiedrzynski, b. ca 1730 / 1740, owner of Noskowo - inf. 1776, 16 km east of Koszkowo and 27 km east of Kunowo. The same Florian Kiedrzynski b. ca 1730 (1740 ?), married in 1759, his wife was living 1730-1786. His son Leon Kiedrzynski b. ca 1760. His uncle was Kazimierz Kiedrzynski m. Katarzyna Swierczkowska.

Brothers of Marcin Kiedrzynski junior
(Marcin Kiedrzynski b. ca 1735 - the branch come from Jakob / Jakub Kiedrzynski senior b. ca 1675 - owner of Dymki in the Lututow parish since 1698, inf. 1709 Wielun. Dymki and Lututow - Dymki estate of the Kiedrzynskis is situated 5 km east of Lututow, in the Wieruszow county):

1. Jakub Kiedrzynski / Jakob Kiedrzynski the 3rd, b. ca 1735, in 1775 court with Anna [JULIANNA] about Kurow (see Walewski; close to Wola Pszczolecka; see Malkiewicz!) close to Wielun; in 1786 and 1788 in Kalisz.
The closest relatives of the MADALINSKI family was Jakub Kiedrzynski of Kalisz who helped to this family.
Józef Madalinski, Jakub Madalinski and Julianna were owners of Raczkow and Upuszczow, inf. 1786.
Above JAKUB Kiedrzynski, and Antoni Psarski in 1792 were next of kin to the Madalinski family.
Above Józef MADALINSKI, Captain in 1809 m. Julianna nee Bogdanska, 1 voto Kiedrzynska, d. in Orpiszew / Orpiszewko in 1809 (Orpiszewko was the Kiedrzynskis).

2. Jan Kiedrzynski b. ?
(others with the first name Jan: Jan Kiedrzynski with Ostoja arms, b. ca 1710 and Jan Kiedrzynski b. ca 1680 who was brother (?) of Adam - inf. 1704 from the Poznan province).
Jan married to above Ludwika Sielnicka / Sitnicka or Sielinski.
Jan Kiedrzynski with Ostoja arms, b. ca 1710 [1710/1720].
His son - Lukasz Kiedrzynski married 1st time to Franciszka Buczynski / Buczynska, he was owner of Kunowo / Kunow in 1767, from hands of his mother.
Lukasz Kiedrzynski born ca 1740, on 01.08.1774 married 2nd time to Franciszka Maria Raczynska b. ca 1755 daughter of Józef Raczynski - son of Stanislaw Raczynski.

3.
Andrzej Kiedrzynski (senior) - b. ca 1720 / 1730, owner of Biegacino in 1760, that is Bieganin / Bieganino ca 23 km west of Kalisz and 16 km south of Orpiszewko [see Izydor Kiedrzynski and his son - Gabriel / Gabryel Kiedrzynski].

Jezewice, close to Tarczyn, and Piaseczno, south-west of Warsaw, belonged to Dominik Krysinski (1785 - 1853 in Warsaw), Polish scientist and economist, Freemason, a representative of the Polish liberal mainstream.
It is known that he came from a family of Jews, like later known economist, Ludwik Wolowski. After graduating at high school in Warsaw, Krysinski went to study in Germany and in Paris; returning to Warsaw began to participate in the creation of the Faculty of Law and Administration at Warsaw University. He was the first professor of political economy at the university. In 1819 he bought Jezewice. 1818, Dominik Krysinski was a MP of the Kingdom of Poland. He married in Warsaw, on January 31, 1813, Eleonora Józefowicz born in Nadwórna in 1793, south of Stanislawow, died in Warsaw on 30 June 1877, the daughter of Michal Józefowicz. His witnesses were the two future generals Jan and Ksawery Krysinski, his brothers.
They had four children:
Zygmunt (1814-1888), famous Warsaw lawyer, who married in 1845 to Celina (or Cecylia) Wolowska (1826-1845);
Michal Franciszek (born in 1815);
Felicja Henryka (born 1820), who married Jan Michal Szymanowski (1790-?), son of Michal Szymanowski and Ewa Zielinska;
Ksawery Jan Teodor (born 1825), who married Amelia Maria Wolowska (1832-?), daughter of Franciszek Wolowski and Justyna Julianna Niesiolowska;
KSAWERY'S daughter was poet Maria Anastazja Wincentyna Krysinska (1857 in Warsaw - died in PARIS, 1908) / Marie Anastasie, in Paris studied harmony and composition at the Conservatoire Music, became the active member of the literary circles of the Hydropaths, the Zutists, the "Hirsutes" and the "Jemenfoutistes".

Above Michal Józefowicz b. ca 1760, d. 1815 - Warszawa.

DOMINIK after the uprising was removed from any political offices, and research positions; tsarist government confiscated his property; Krysinski died in obscurity on April 17, 1853.

Jezewice were - at the beginning of the nineteenth century - the property of Zychlinski. After his death, his successor was Teodor Zychlinski (geologist and journalist, author and publisher). 1819, bought it Dominik Krysinski, one of the most prominent Polish economists of that time, Member of Parliament in 1818 and in 1831, a professor at the Warsaw School of Administration and Law and a lecturer at the University of Warsaw.

The family of Aleksander Wincenty Chosciak-Popiel b. 1780

[married Ludwika Piotrowska daughter of Jan PIOTROWSKI; with daughter Olimpia Józefa Chosciak-Popiel b. 1815 in MLODYN, the RADOM county, 27 km north-west of Radom + in 1837, in Slomczyn 28 km south to WARSAW, to Anastazy Wiktor Orlowski, 1805-1868,
with children:
1. Anastazy Wiktor ORLOWSKI, junior, b. 1845, m. Michalina Maria Ewa Zgliczynska b. 1845

{her grandmother - Marianna Romer b. 1790. Michalina's great-grandmother was Magdalena Soltyk b. ca 1750, daughter of Maciej Soltyk, 1720-1780. Soltyk Maciej was the son of Józef Franciszek SOLTYK and Konstancja Drzewicka; MACIEJ was the brother of Tomasz of LECZYCA and Bishop Kajetan SOLTYK (see the KALINOWSKI family - more below!). MACIEJ was the owner of Krysk in the Czersk county, and Majdan in the Braclaw county. KRYSK is situated close to Naruszewo, owned by Nakwaski, 17th cent. to Soltyk, then to Malowieski and Karczewski; 10 km south of PLONSK};
2.
Leontyna Orlowska b. 1843 + Antoni Dominik Roman b. 1830

{LEONTYNA'S children:
1.
Leon Wlodzimierz Roman, 1865-1936 + Janina Wladyslawa Malwina Pelka
(LEON'S son - Tadeusz Roman, 1894-1977. Remember!
Leonia ROMAN BRZEZINSKI died in 1985; she was married to Tadeusz Brzezinski.
LEONIA BRZEZINSKI, the mother of Zbigniew Brzezinski, was the next of kin to Andrzej Roman, well-known journalist in Warsaw; Andrzej was the son of above Tadeusz ROMAN - the brother of Leonia nee ROMAN, ZYLINSKA, BRZEZINSKA. Leonia Brzezinska 1st married Zylinska, was the daughter of mentioned Leon Roman with the coat of arms Slepowron. Named above Leon Wlodzimierz Roman b. ca 1865, d. 1936 in WARSAW.
His parents:
Antoni Dominik Roman b. 1830 and Leontyna Orlowska born in 1843.
Parents of above LEONTYNA:
Anastazy Wiktor Orlowski, 1805-1868 and Olimpia Józefa Chosciak-Popiel b. 1815)
2. Jadwiga Maria Roman b. 1869}]:

he was the son of Józef Chosciak-Popiel born ca 1740 / 1750

[son of Benedykt Chosciak-Popiel 1710-1796
{son of Szymon Chosciak-Popiel b. 1670 and Ludwina TULKOWSKA}
and Anna Korwin-Krasinska b. in 1716
{Anna KRASINSKA was the daughter of Teresa Elzbieta Soltyk 1685-1728. Teresa SOLTYK was married 4 times; Teresa's brother (Michal Aleksander SOLTYK, 1680-1735, married to Józefa Makowiecka) had son General Maciej Soltyk b. 1718 or born in 1720 - died in 1780 ? / 1802 in CHELMNO. Maciej Soltyk married 3 times: 2nd in 1752 to Anna nee Dembinska (d. 1789), daughter of Antoni and Teresa Lipska; Anna's 1st husband died - Stanislaw Lanckoronski (STANISLAW LANCKORONSKI d. 1747; married two times: Franciszka Bidzinska div. in 1733, and 2nd time to Anna Dembinska in 1740, daughter of Antoni; in 1739, Anna DEMBINSKA - LANCKORONSKA - SOLTYK owned Kurozweki and Kotuszow).
Maciej Soltyk married 3rd to Kunegunda nee Koszowska of Kurozweki}],

and Józefa Kochanowska.

Note to above SOLTYK + KALINOWSKI:

Ignacy Kalinowski b. ca 1710 + Justyna Borzecka b. ca 1720

[Justyna Borzecka b. ca 1720 (b. ca 1735 ?) daughter of Franciszek Borzecki b. ca 1695 - son of Antoni and Justyna Winnicka - and Marianna Pociej b. ca 1700, daughter of Ludwik Konstanty Pociej, commander-in-chief of the Lithuania Army in 1709, with his second wife Emercjanna Warszycka - daughter of Stanislaw Warszycki - she was 2nd time married to Duke Montmorency (his 1st wife was Aniela Katarzyna Zahorowska, daughter of Stefan)],
had children:
1. Agnieszka Kalinowska b. ca 1750,
2. Franciszka Kalinowska b. ca 1760/1765 + Olszewski / Olszowski [see President Lech Kaczynski],
3. Justyna Kalinowska b. ca 1750 + Józef Soltyk + Tomasz Piasecki.

Above Józef Soltyk b. ca 1750, died in 1803, came from Mikita (Mikolaj) Soltyk.
His grandfather - Józef Franciszek Soltyk d. 1735, and
father - Maciej Soltyk d. 1780.
Józef Soltyk d. 1803, was brother of Maciej Kajetan, and of Stanislaw SOLTYK - senator and Marshal of the Parliament of the Warsaw Duchy.

4. Józefa Kalinowska b. ca 1750 + Jan Sadel Sadlo + 2nd time to Glogowski
[this is the genealogical connection to the Komorowski family and this means that also to the President Bronislaw Komorowski - see my data on liaisons of Lithuanian and Galician branches of this count's family - also see: Wola Pszczólecka, Mielzynski, Kalinowski and Oginski - von Ronne and Bilewicz from Zmudz / Samaites],

5. Antonina Kalinowska b. ca 1750 / 1760 / 1764 + Ludwik Walewski [see Kiedrzynski, Fiszer {+ Kosciuszko and Jefferson}, Wola Pszczolecka {see Kiedrzynski}].

Antoniona b. ca 1750 / 1760 had 3 sons (Karol Franciszek Walewski) and daughter. See: Wola Pszczolecka, Kiedrzynski, Sulimierski, Oginski, Trubecki. Ludwik Walewski bought Parzymiechy in 1794 from Poninski.

Ludwik Mikolaj Walewski / Ludwik Walewski 1754-1820 m. 2nd in 1794 to Antonina Kalinowska.
His father Wojciech Walewski born ca 1715, d. 1757, landlord of Pstrekonie
[the grandfather - Stanislaw Franciszek Walewski b. ca 1670 / 1675, d. 1716, from Sieradz (see: Wola Pszczolecka, the Zaliwski movement, Radolinski, Sulimierski, Kiedrzynski), owner of Pstrokonie, Wozniki, Swierzyna / Swierzyny, Gronów; m. in 1694, to Marianna Rozalia Siemianowska, 2nd in 1708, to Krystyna Rychlowska daughter of Stanislaw, owner of Podlezyce, Rzechta; his parents Zygmunt Walewski (1656 or 1670-1716, son of Franciszek Walewski) and his first wife Anna Gostynska],
m. in 1740, Teresa Laszowska.

The brother of above WOJCIECH Walewski:
Karol WALEWSKI, d. ca 1757 owner of Ptaszkowice, Lichawa, Grabia, m. Brygida Galecka daughter of Ludwika nee Poniatowska - she was the 2 voto Jan Radolinski
(Brygida Galecka was the daughter of Ludwika nee Poniatowska. Countess Ludwika Maria Poniatowska (1728 - 1781) / as "Luds"; was the sister of King of Poland, Stanislaw August Poniatowski. Ludwika married in 1745 Jan Jakub Zamoyski, by whom she had an only daughter).

PETRONELA Radolinska (b. ca 1764-1821), was a daughter of Jan Radolinski 1726-1796 and Brygida [see above !] or Maria Brygida Galecki / Brygida Malecka;
Petronela nee Radolinska was granddaughter of Józef Stefan Radolinski of Wschowa b. 1680 - died in 1740.
Petronela died in Zloczew / Zloczow, m. in 1789 to Ignacy Bleszynski (1742 - 1813) [see Kiedrzynski], son of Kazimierz and Teresa Struss; owner of Zloczów and Brzezno; he was born in Zloczów, 1st married to Apolonia Sudrawska. See: Wola Pszczolecka.

6. Seweryn Ksawery Kalinowski b. 1759 + Elzbieta Bielska
[see Trubecki - Tallinn, Konstantynowicz - Nomme, Viljandi; ... Oginski and again back to Kalinowski].
Seweryn Ksawery Kalinowski married in 1780 to Elzbieta Bielski from Olbrachcice born ca 1760 with children:
1. Josef / Osip Kalinowski / JOZEF KALINOWSKI - general of Polish Army, b. ca after 1780 or 1790, died 1825.

Josef / Osip Kalinowski / JOZEF KALINOWSKI - general of Polish Army, b. ca after 1780 or 1790, died 1825 - his wife Emilia Potocka born 1790 or 1791.
Józef Kalinowski was owner of Kamionka Wielka, Machnowka, Lubar, Udnow + Emilia Potocka b. in Guzow [see OGINSKI], was the daughter of Prot Antoni Potocki 1761-1801 owner of Machnowka in the Berdyczow county, and her mother was
Marianna Maria Lubomirska d. 1810
[daughter of Kacper Lubomirski d. 1780, and Barbara Lubomirska b. 1745 daughter of Jerzy Ignacy b. 1687 (acc. to http://myszkowscy.pl/ by Andrzej Wcislo - Barbara m. to Sollohub, Kacper Lubomirski, Kalikst Poninski, and Aleksander Winnicki)].

Marianna Maria Lubomirska d. 1810 that is MARIA / Pss Marianna 2nd time married to Ct Valerian Alexandrovich Zubow, general of infantry (1771 - St.Petersburg in 1804);
Marianna Maria Lubomirska 3rd m. Feodor Petrovich Uvarov, general of cavalry (1769 / 1773 - St. Petersburg in 1824).

MARIA / Pss Marianna, b. 1773 had sister Pss Jozefa Lubomirska, 1 st m. Adam Walewski; 2nd m. Ct Joseph de Witt (died 1814).
Adam Walewski + Józefa Lubomirska had 2 children:
a. Tadeusz Walewski (1795-1855), in 1828 m. to Anna Karwicka / Ann Dunin-Karwicka (1797-1881), daughter of General Krzysztof Karwicki;
b. Izabela Walewska [Izabela Walewska 1800-1886 m. Siergiej Gagaryn 1795-1852 that is the chief chamberlain Sergei Sergeyevich Gagarin, with daughter Maria 1829-1906, and son Siergiej Gagaryn 1832-1890 {Prince}].

Children of count Jozef Kalinowski:
Seweryna b. 1814 d. 1852,
Jozefina married Oginska, born 1816 and died 1844
and also
Olga born 1822 died 7 April 1899 in Retow
(her son - Bohdan Michal Oginski duke b. 1848, married on 28 Apr. 1877 to Gabriela Maria Potulicki in Cracow, died on 25 March 1909 in Retow in the Rosienie district in Lithuania now / Zmudz, owner of Retow and Zalesie that is Retowo or Rietavas, 25 km from Plungian; RIETAVAS was property in 1775 of Ksawery Oginski. In 1863 here died Ireneusz Oginski and in 1892 the first telephones in Lithuania).
Probably M. Kalinowska (Maria / Maria Kalinowska Trubecka) married Troubetzkoy / Trubecki was sister of above Seweryna, Jozefina and Olga, but this data need to be check, of course!

Above countess Olga born 1818 or 1822 was married in 1844 to Ireneusz Kleofas Oginski b. 1808 d. 1863, and her son was above Bohdan / Bogdan Oginski who was born in 1848 or in 1849. She was lover of Alexander II, tsar of Russia who was born in Moscow on 29. 04. 1818. This Emperor has children from two marriages and children with two different women: with NN princess Lubomirska ca 1867 and with above Olga, countess Kalinovsky / Olga nee Kalinowska was son Michael-Bogdan or Bogdan / Bohdan, prince Oginski born 10. 10. 1848 or 1849 married after to Gabrielle-Marie, countess Potulicka / Maria Potulicki.

Above Ireneusz Oginski, duke, lived in the Kovno government, and was landowner of Retow / RIETAVAS and Zalesie.

Bogdan Oginski died on 25. 03. 1909.

2. Ignacy Franciszek Kalinowski b. 1784 or 1790/1795, d. 1831 and

3. Justyna Kalinowska married Russocka b. 1790 d. 1876. Justyna Kalinowska died in Paris, she was owner of Petlikowce + 1st in 1809 to Józef Tomasz Russocki Count 1785-1862 son of Magdalena Dobinska daughter of Zygmunt of Brzeziny d. 1759, + 2nd to Jozef Oechsner b. 1790.

Above Ignacy Franciszek Antoni Kalinowski b. in 1784 or ca 1790 / 1795, d. 1831 or before 1846 + Hortensja Karsnicka, 1800-1881, owner of Kurzany, daughter of Antoni Karsnicki born in 1777 / 1779 in Hrechorów - d. 1844, owner of Bakowiec and Hrehorow, who was son of Walenty Karsnicki and Elzbieta Paczynska [Salomea ?].
Hortensja Karsnicka had 3 husbands:
1st m. to Ignacy Franciszek Antoni Kalinowski b. 1784 / 1795 - died 1831 / before 1846; Ignacy Kalinowski, MP in 1830, was owner of Bialokiernica, and Kurzany; m. ca 1830 to Hortensja / Hortencja Karsnicka daughter of Antoni Karsnicki [writer, son of Walenty and Salomea (?) who was two times in Italy - Roma; Count] and Julia Glogowska b. 1780;
2nd m. Ludwik Jablonowski 1795 - 1846, son of Ludwik Stanislaw Jablonowski (1773-1825) and Lucja Glogowska [see above Julia],
3rd m. Józef Jakubowicz (1820 - 1883) owner of Zochatyn close to Sanok, Kurzany, Podwysokie, Wólka, Huciska, Demna, son of Dominik Jakubowicz (1784 - 1887).
Son of above Hortensja:
Wladyslaw Kalinowski (1831 - 1893) m. Cecylia Szeliska b. ca 1835, daughter of Józef Kalasanty Szeliski and Emilia Pietruska / Postruska.

Franciszek Jakub Brzezinski b. 1794, died in 1846 in Warsaw, officer of the November Uprising in 1831, was the son of MICHAL Brzezinski born ca 1740, d. 1817 or died in 1822 - Warsaw

[Michal Brzezinski, d. 1817 / January 1822, was the son of Feliks Brzezinski b. ca 1720 ?;
husband of Rozalia Wolanska d. 1825;
father of Jan Brzezinski b. 1785 / 1782, d. 1867 + Katarzyna Szymanowska, b. 1781 / 1772, d. 1853, the daughter of Michal Szymanowski and ELZBIETA Józefowicz.
JAN had children:
Antonina Tatarkiewicz, died in 1897; her son Franciszek Ksawery Tatarkiewicz, 1848 / 1854 - 1903, solicitor, father of Wladyslaw Tatarkiewicz, b. 1886 in Warszawa, died in 1980, historian. Antonina Brzezinska married to Jakub Tatarkiewicz;
Franciszek Ksawery Tatarkiewicz was next of kin to Andrzej Brzezinski, lawyer, and Józef Brzezinski.

JAN was the brother of
1. Jadwiga Józefowicz born in Warsaw in 1771 / 1772, died 1843, married Michal Józefowicz.
2. Andrzej Brzezinski born in Warsaw in 1783 {+ Barbara Lanckoronska, 2nd + Józefa Marianna Stepowska born in 1811}, and
3. Franciszek Jakub Brzezinski],

and Rozalia Wolanska, ca 1752 / 1773 - 1825.

Filipina Szymanowska [Filipina Teofila Karolina Szymanowska, 1800-1886] married above Franciszek Jakub Brzezinski (1794 - 1846) and had four children:
Franciszka Teofila Krysinska (born Brzezinska),
Kazimierz Brzezinski [Kazimierz Brzezinski, Sr. born ca 1820 / 1840 ! - see the genealogy of famous ZBIGNIEW BRZEZINSKI !],
Teofila Zielenska (born Brzezinska) and
Aniela Brzezinska.

The Roman family from the Przasnysz county and the neighboring surrounding area:
Krzynowloga, Janowiec Koscielny in south Prussia; Szemplino Czarne - close to Janowo - west of Chorzele, in south Prussia; others places: Lysaków Drugi [+ Dolega - Zakrzewski family];
affinities with Maria Konopnicka, and with President Ignacy Moscicki, who come from the Lysakowo parish [Mierzanow, Klice, Lekowo, Lysakowo - 20 km west of PRZASNYSZ - in 1868];
Zmijewo-Kuce, 18 km south-east of MLAWA, and west of PRZASNYSZ; in the Zmijewo Koscielne parish [+ Olszewski and Kolakowski].
At the beginning: the Roman family had owned an estates north and south of Przasnysz
[south of Przasnysz including Krasne - 18 km south-east of Przasnysz; and that next to Sachock / Sachock + the Krasinskis, Szczucki, Rembowski];
in the mid-seventeenth century, the Romans moved to Greater Poland, creating a new line of family:
Jan Roman (great-grandson of Sebastian Roman, the heir of Romany-Górskie, and Anna Gadomski) in 1726-1752, Secretary of the Metropolitan Chapter of Gniezno.
Kazimierz Roman of Czaplice-Kurki was treasurer of Wyszogrod in the middle of 18th century. Michal Roman of Zawkrze [close to Szrensk] and Pawel Roman of Ciechanow - both sons of Wladyslaw Roman of Romany-Skierki and Romany-Zajki, and Rozalia Kijewska, who lived in Latyczow district in 1780 [Ukraine].
Placyd Roman of Romany-Misie, Romany-Fuszki, Romany-Kosiorki, chamberlain of King Stanislaw August Poniatowski of Poland. His two sons, Wiktor (b. 1785, d. 1847) and Seweryn ROMAN (b. 1788) merited Napoleonic officers [more at freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com].
Before Herold of the Polish Kingdom in 1837-1860 nobility argued:
Andrew / ANDRZEJ ROMAN, Anthony and Apollinaris, both sons of Franciszek / Francis ROMAN, and Magdalena Kobylinski [see Zbigniew Brzezinski], all of Romany-Sedzieta, north of PRZASNYSZ.
Romany-Fuszki - 14 km north of Przasnysz: heirs Antoni, Blazej and Kazimierz, both sons of Jakub and Maryanna nee Zaleski; Grzegorz son of Wojciech; Franciszek son of Szymon ROMAN. The Romanski family with the coat of arms of Slepowron of 1641-43, come from Przasnysz; see in 1805 inf. by Piotr Malachowski.
Saturnin Roman emigrated from the parish of Chorzele, Poland to New Britain, CT, USA in 1904.

Rogowo - 10 km east of Przasnysz, here Marcin ROMAN, b. ca 1700, d. after 1761, resided in Ulatowo Pogorzel, close to Chorzele, married in Przasnysz in 1721 to Ewa Kobylinska (daughter of Kilian Kobylinski of Kobylaki Konopki), m. 2nd to Agnieszka Krepska (daughter of Kazimierz Krepski of Rogowo), died in Pogorzel in 1776. Sister of above MARCIN ROMAN - Konstancya, m. in 1729 to Pawel Gadomski, with son Michal Gadomski who married in the Chorzele parish in 1750 to Marcianna Bagienska.

Grzegorz CZAPLICKI had two wives, Anna Karwowska was the mother of:
1. Maryanna, m. Mikolaj Czaplicki, b. ca 1726, d. in Romany-Karcze in 1811;
2. Pawel Czaplicki, b. in Czaplice-Baki ca 1742, d. in 1826, m. Barbara Mlodzianowska with son
Franciszek, b. in Czaplice-Baki in 1788, d. in Krzynowloga Mala in 1859, m. in Krzynowloga Mala in 1826 to Zofia Orlowska (daughter of Waclaw Orlowski and Zofia), b. 1806, d. in Krzynowloga Mala in 1863, m. 2nd to Maryanna Charszewska, with daughter
Antonina, b. in Obrab in 1831, m. Krzynowloga Mala in 1857 to Tadeusz Karol Lelewel (Lollhoffel von Loewensprung) son of Prot Lelewel and Jozefa Slaska, b. in Warsaw in 1824. Tadeusz' father's brother was Joachim Lelewel, the famous historian. Prot was a Napolean officer, a member of the Polish Parliament, and inheritor of Wola Cygowska near Warsaw. Tadeusz was the grandson of Karol Maurycy LELEWEL, lawyer, captain of the Polish Army, 1768 he was a Polish citizen.
His wife was Ewa Szelutt from Lithuania. Tadeusz was the great grandson of Henryk, the personal physician of King August III Wettin. Henryk's wife was Katarzyna Jauch, the daughter of Joachim Jauch, general-major of the Polish-Saxon Army and Ewa Munnich, who was the daughter of Burchard Munnich, a Russian Field Marshal.
See:
Dmochowski Henryk / Dmochowski / Sanders Henry, 1810-1863, insurrectionist of 1863, artist-sculptor. Born in the Zablocie Manor in the Braslaw county as the son of Michal (died 1832) the former scribe for the Educational Commission, and Anna nee Deulow (died 1812). A brother of Michal, and uncle of Henryk; and next of kin to Kazimierz - the Archbishop-Metropolitan in Mohylew. Henryk studied in Wilno, but in 1831, led by Professor Walerian Pietkiewicz, joined the partisan regiment organized by Colonel Jozef Zaliwski near Troki. He had a close personal relationship with Zaliwski. He emigrated with Zaliwski to Hungary, Styria, Bawaria, Wirtenberg, and Baden to France. He worked with Zaliwski to organize an expedition to Poland (Besancon; Avinion). Freemason of "Trinosophes" in Tours; member of the underground "Carbonari" society (Lelewel, Krepowiecki, Mazzini, Józef Zaliwski).
Above Józef Zaliwski born 1797 in Marijampole or Jurbarkas, d. 1855 in Paris, a Polish Colonel of Kingdom of Poland, was a member of the National Freemasonry, Walerian Lukasinski's Society, Piotr Wysocki Conspiracy, co-operated with Joachim Lelewel in 1832, initiator of guerilla warfare in 1833, participated in November Uprising 1830 - 1831.

Note to:
Joachim Daniel Jauch's daughter Constance Jauch 1722 - 1802 married Heinrich Lölhöffel von Löwensprung 1705 - 1763, privy councillor and physician to the King Augustus III of Poland. Death of her husband in 1763. That is Konstancja Jauch 1722 - 1802 or 1723 - 1805 daughter of Joachim and Ewa Münnich.
Married in 1740 to Henryk Lelewel von Löwensprung 1703-1763, with
Karol Maurycy of Liw (1792) 1748-1830 or 1750 - 1830 m. Ewa Szeluta-Malynicki 1763-1837;
Teresa b. 1750 m. Adam Józef Cieciszowski 1743-1783.
Karol Maurycy Lelewel (1750 - 1830) married a niece of the archbishop of the Mogilev, Kasper Cieciszowski 1745 - 1831.
Karol Mauricy Lelewel was a Royal Polish captain, a Polish noble, and became a member of Parliament; Karol Mauricy was 1778 until 1794 the lawyer and treasurer of the Commission of National Education.
Great-aunt of Constance's Lelewel progeny was Jadwiga Walewska (b. 1740 / 1744).
Constance Jauch's grandsons were Joachim Prot and Jan Pawel Lelewel.
Joachim Lelewel (1786 - 1861) became Poland's most famous historian. He was a member of Poland's Provisional Government in 1830, was vice-president of the Democratic Society for the Unification and Brotherhood of all People in Brussels; he was a friend of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, Gilbert du Motier, the anarchist Michail Bakunin, marquis de Lafayette, on 29 May is Lelewel's memorial day in the Jewish almanc for his commitment for the Jewish emancipation.
Constance Jauch's granddaughter Anna Cieciszowska was sister-in-law of Magdalena Agnieszka Sapiecha 1739 - 1780 - daughter of Antoni Benedykt Lubomirski and informal consort of King Stanislaw August Poniatowski.
Constance Jauch was sister-in-law of Countess Maria Walewska 1786 - 1817, mistress of Napoleon Bonaparte.
Above Jadwiga Colonna-Walewska / Walewski, born 1740 / 1744 to Józef Colonna-Walewski and Ludwika Colonna-Walewska. Józef was born in 1700 / 1710, in Walewice.
Jadwiga had brother Anastazy Colonna-Walewski.
Jadwiga married Michal Walewski. Michal was born in 1750, officer in Sieradz.
Her daughter was Teodora Walewski Stecki-Olechnowicz.
Above Józef Kazimierz Colonna Walewski died 1763, son of Kazimierz Walewski and Zofia Radolinska. Father of Jadwiga Colonna-Walewska, Anastazy Colonna-Walewski and Teodora Walewska; brother of Marianna Radolinska; copyright by Wanda Krystyna Korzeniewska.
Above Maria Countess Walewska nee Laczynska, 1786 - 1817, a mistress of Emperor Napoleon I. In 1805 she married Atanazy / Anastazy Walewski / Athenasius Colonna-Walewski of Warka district b. ca 1733, d. 1815 or 1814, and a chamberlain to the last Polish king, Stanislaw August Poniatowski. Maria and Anastazy Walewski / Athenasius had one son, Antoni Rudolf Bazyli Colonna-Walewski (he was an illegitimate child); she 2nd married count Filip Antoni d'Ornano / Philippe Antoine d'Ornano, an Napoleonic officer from Ajaccio. Maria was born in Kiernozia; she known Nicholas Chopin, Frederic Chopin's father; her father Maciej was born circa 1740. She had son Rudolf August d'Ornano.
Above Walewski Anastazy / Atanazy was born in 1733 / 1735. They had one son Antoni Bazyli Rudolf Walewski. Maria partnered Napoleon Bonaparte. Napoleon was born in 1769, in above Ajaccio. They had one son Aleksander Florian Józef Walewski.
Above Atanazy / Anastazy Colonna-Walewski b. circa 1730 / 1733 or 1735. Son of Józef Walewski / Józef Kazimierz Colonna Walewski b. ca 1710, d. 1763, and (Jozefa Colonna Walewska b. before ca 1720 ?) Ludwika / Ludwika Colonna-Walewska.
Above Józef Kazimierz Colonna Walewski b. ca 1710, d. 1763; son of Kazimierz Walewski and Zofia; brother of Marianna Radolinska, inf. by Andrzej Hennel and Wanda Krystyna Korzeniewska.

Leonard Borejko Chodzko died in 1871; he was a Polish historian, geographer, cartographer, publisher, archivist, and activist of the Great Emigration. At the University of Vilnius he was a member of the Philomaths in 1816 with Adam Mickiewicz, Tomasz Zan (in Molodeczno) and Józef Jezowski. 1819 was the personal secretary of Michal Kleofas Oginski / Michael Cleophas Oginski, with whom he left Russia in 1822; 1822 - 1826 Germany, Italy, Belgium, the Netherlands and England; he settled in Paris in 1826. Friend to Col. Joseph Zaliwski, Joachim Lelewel, Marie Joseph de La Fayette and Victor Hugo. Member of the Society of Lithuania and Russian Territories; a member of the Polish National Committee; the Revenge of the People, in 1833; persecuted by the Russian Embassy in Paris; 1833 - 1834 in the United Kingdom; returned to Paris; he published Michael Cleophas Oginski's Memoirs in four volumes in French in the years 1826-1827; Histoire de les légions polonaises en Italie, Les Polonais en Italie, Histoire populaire de la Pologne in 1863; Biographie du géneral Kosciuszko.

We back to PRZASNYSZ:

BARTLOMIEJ ZBIKOWSKI, b. 1727, d. before 1780, m. in Szwejki, the Krasne Parish in 1754 to FRANCISZKA MILEWSKA. Children:
1. Jan, m. Marcyanna Kobylinska, daughter of Adam Kobylinski;
2. Jakub, b. ca 1748, d. in Pogorzel, 1827;
3. Alexander, b. 1756, m. 2nd to widowed Rozalia Borucka daughter of Mateusz Lojewski and Maryanna Kobylenska.

MATEUSZ ROMAN, inheritor of Ulatowo Pogorzel, b. 1731, d. Pogorzel, 1792, m. in Chorzele in 1756 to EWA LOJEWSKA, b. ca 1732, d. in Pogorzel in 1799. His son:
Pawel ROMAN, b. 1777, d. before 1808, m. 1796 to Maryanna Dabrowska, she m. 2nd in 1808, Jakub Roman,
with daughter Maryanna, b. Pogorzel in 1798, d. 1841, m. in Przasnysz in 1814 to Jakub Kobylinski (son of Franciszek Kobylinski and Franciszka Chodkowska), b. ca 1790.

JAKUB ROMAN, b. ca 1785, d. in Ulatowo Pogorzel, 1831, m. AGNIESZKA CHODKOWSKA, with children (all born in Pogorzel):
Antoni, b. 1810, m (2) Tekla Kobylinska, b. 1819, d. Pogorzel;
Jan Alexander ROMAN, b. 1828, m (1) in Chorzele in 1847 to Domicella Kobylinska daughter of Jan Kobylinski.

Need to be check - she was next of kin of general Franciszek Maksymilian Paszkowski with the Zadora coat of arms who was born 12 October 1778 in Brody - d. 11 March 1856 in Cracow, friend of general Tadeusz Kosciuszko.

It's amazing that the October Revolution in 1917, which swept the Russian Empire, allowing the reconstruction of Poland, broke out just on the anniversary of the death of Tadeusz Kosciuszko, exactly the 100th anniversary of his death, and around Lenin appeared figures of the Polish nobility, which adopted a sense of the Kosciuszko Polish patriotism. "Instead, after the fall of Napoleon's empire in 1815 he met with Russia's Tsar Alexander I in Braunau. In return for his prospective services, Kosciuszko demanded social reforms and territorial gains for Poland, which he wished to reach as far as the Dvina and Dnieper Rivers in the east". On October 15, 1817 Tadeusz Kosciuszko / Thaddeus Kosciusko died. But a underground movement led by Jozef Pilsudski had in that case great deals to take in hands, behind the scenes, all revolutionary Lenin movement of the Bolsheviks, between about 1909 - 1917, and even longer to 1920, when Inessa Armand perhaps was poisoned, and even to the year 1921, when it was still marked a influences of Bruevich brothers of noble Boncza arms. Inessa Armand controlled all Bolshevik work as a secretary of Lenin and she has influence on the directions of philosophical - political considerations, which diverged from reality, and their possible introduction in the life would be - if not as an experiment - even doom for the Russian Empire. The purpose of Jozef Pilsudski was not only gathering information about enemy - Russia, and not only the smuggling of weapons for his organization, but primarily for Pilsudski was the goal to Lenin seized power and overthrew the Tsarist authorities. This was to allow the recovery of independence by Poland. Stalin was here the enemy, because he wanted to rebuild the Russian empire, just as the Soviet Russia - a communist state. Lenin wanted a European communism, the total fiction and the absurd. Pilsudski had to put Lenin at the head of the new Russia, and at least Pilsudski conducive to this Lenin's communist movement did not collapsed. Wrangel, Denikin, Kolchak were number one enemies.

Dominik Paszkowski born 1783 in Brody, the Lwow province; his father Jan Paszkowski was born c. 1750 and has got the Zadora coat of arms; married c. 1770 / 1777 and Franciszek Maksymilian Paszkowski, general, was his first son.
His family: colonel Jozef Paszkowski 1787 - 1858.
Franciszek Paszkowski (Franciszek Jozef Wladyslaw Paszkowski) was born 1818 and died 1883, painter - who was studied painting in Rome 1839, acc. to J. Pachonski, and after was living in Cracow; here was member of the Science Cracow Association since 1848 - after 1873; his father Dominik Paszkowski was born 1783 in Brody and was brother of general Franciszek Maksymilian Paszkowski (b. 1778). Jan, the grandfather of above named Franciszek - painter was living in Brody and was born circa 1750. Father of Franciszek - Dominik Paszkowski (at a portrait) and brother (at a portrait) Jozef Edmund Paszkowski. The same Jozef Edmund Paszkowski b. 1817 and died 1861, poet and translator. Franciszek was a nephew of general Franciszek Maksymilian Paszkowski b. 1778 and the nephew of Wojciech Paszkowski, who was member of the independent authorities of Galicia in 1809; also he was the uncle of Franciszek Paszkowski, lawyer, b. 1853 died 1926.
Józef Franciszek Daniel Paszkowski with coat of arms of Zadora was born 3 January 1817 in Warsaw and died 1861 in Warsaw, too; son of Dominik Paszkowski (father was born 1783 in Brody); he was related with Stompf family, the Lasocki from Lasocin with coat of arms of Dolega, Kulikowski, Niemojewski, Gzowski families, his son Leon Ignacy Józef Paszkowski was related with Niemojewski and Falkiewicz.
Addition: Michal Paszkowski colonel of militia, died after 1819.

Maria Paszkowska that is Paszkovski has got three sons: Eugene / Eugeniusz the 'third', Adolph / Adolf and Emilie that is Emil Armand / Aрманд (Eugene born about 1842, Adolph b. circa 1845 and Emilie about 1847). All the sons had taken the house close to Pushkino factory c. 1875. The elder son, Eugene / Evgeny was a merchant of the first guild and trading - manufacturing advisor. His wife, Barbara Karlovna Demonets had 12 children, all the sons were married and all the daughters married: it was told about 39 grandchildren Eugene and Barbara Karlovna (all 42 cousins). His wife, Barbara Karlovna - a woman of extraordinary kindness and care, shelter under his wing all. The brothers received education in Moscow, in France and Germany, mainly in the textile business and dyeing of fabrics.
Evgenii Armand and his wife Varvara Karlovna (Barbara daughter of Karl Demonet / Carl de Monet's that is Charles Demonets or DEMONTET from Vaud province / Monnette / Demonsi / Monnet) Demonets also had a very large family. Anna nee Armand was born on 19 August 1866 in Moscow and in 1869 next child Alexander. Elizabeth-Ines Fedorovna Stephane fitted in nicely with her new family: Anna and Alexander Armand were slightly older than she, while Vladimir born in 1875, Evgeniia b. 1876 and Boris born 1878 were somewhat younger. According to: 'French settlers in Moscow and some of the descendants: Collection', the author-composer V. Egorov, Fedosov, ed. Moscow, 2005, p. 200-210 and Copyright © Institution 'Museum of entrepreneurs, philanthropists and benefactors', powered by Vadim Tretyakov: Evgeny and his wife Barbara Karlovna nee Demonsi had 12 children: Anna (1866 - 1932), Mary (1868 - 1942), Alexander (1870 - 1943), Vera (1871 - 1942), Nicholas (1872 - 1936), Vladimir (1874 - 1875), Eugene (1876 - 1920), Boris (1878 - 1920), Sophia (1881 - 1941), Sergei (1882 - 1945), Barbara (1882 - 1966), Vladimir (1885 - 1909). Vladimir Armand joined a Social Democratic propaganda group in Moscow and was arrested but his sister Anna Evgen'evna helped finance party organizations. They lived in Pushkino, according to JoAnn Ruckman, 'Moscow Business Elite...', edit. 1984, p. 61 and by Egor Nazarenko - a great grandson of one of Evgenii Armand's brothers. They owned house in Moscow, but in summer lived in Finland.

The Eugene family intermarried with the families: Demonsi-Shnaubert-Mathiesen-Bunkin-Tsitsin, Konstantynowicz / Константинович and Manfred, Kohl - Osipov, Pampel / Papmel - Mazing, Vdovin, Stepanov, Stephen, Wild, Karasev, Fedosov, Egorov, Zhurin, Pichnikovyh - Shaposhnikov - Zilina, Cardo - Sysoev, Fallen, Shapiro, Romas and others.

A details:

Schnaubert or Shnaubert Ivan A.,
Professor of Chemistry at Kharkov University, b. about 1781 in Giessen in Hesse region. He studied at the Chemical Institute in Erfurt, Jena in 1803. In 1804 he was invited to Kharkov University and was appointed professor of chemistry.
Boris Shnaubert b. 1852

in Moscow and died October 1917, a Russian engineer and architect, he served on the Moscow - Kazan Railway.
Kazan ca 1870 - 1890? Repeatedly executed orders from wealthy merchant family Абрикосовых / Abrikosov 1900 - 1904 in Moscow.
See Demonets
and Anastasia Gruzinskaya from Daugavpils.

Demontet / Demonsi / Demonets, Kazan ca 1835 - 1839.
Demonsi Carl, the son of a Frenchman,
a native of Moscow, he studied at the Kazan univ. 1837, was prof. at the Kharkov Univ., died in 1867.
Demonsi was in 1864 a Moscow merchant 1st guild and a shareholder of a plants in the Urals.

Barbara Karlovna Armand from the Demonsi family was wife of Evgeny Armand.

Her sons:
1. Aleksandr E. Armand 1870 - 1943, wife Ines Armand Stéphane - his daughters Inna, Varvara, and sons Aleksandr Aleksandrovich, Fiedor Aleksandrovich, 2. Vladimir E. Armand 1874 - 1875, 3. Nikolaj / Nicholas E. Armand and his wife Rene / Maria Feodorovna Stéphane Armand 1872 - 1936, his son a. Pavel Nikolajevich Armand 1902 - 1964, his daughter Rene Pavlovna, b. daughter Marija Nikolayevna, 4. Boris Boris E. Armand 1878 - 1920, 5. Sergej / Siergiej / Sergey E. Armand 1882 - 1945, 5. daughters: Zofia / Sofija, Anna Evgenievna, Viera, Evgenija, Varvara, Maria / Marija.

On the Mathiesen family:
Mathiesen from Nćstved is a town in a municipality of the same name, located on the island of Zealand in Denmark. The town is one hour away from Copenhagen.
Anna Henrikke Petronelle Mathiesen from Oslo, Norway. Jorgen Arthur Mathiesen 1901 was a Norwegian landowner. The Vvedensky cemetry, Moscow: Alexander Eduard Mathiesen, died October 1881.

Mazing - Korkus in Livonia, from Estonia:
Revel, Dorpat, Narva and Viru / Wierland - Varstu Parish in Vőru County, and from Riga, St. Petersburg in Russia.
Motherland - the former Livonia, Estonia present. According to legend from the Swedish soldier who settled after 1630 in St. Mary Magdalene in Kayavere in Livonia.
Kaiavere - village south-west of Maarja-Magdaleena, east of Mullavere, east of Puurmani, north from Tartu / Dorpat.
Mazing / Masing Edward Wilhelm b. 1836 from St. Petersburg; Michael Masing b. 1836, Russian - Turkish war of 1877, general. From Dorpat Leonhard Masing and Ernst Masing; Otto Wilhelm Masing from Ida-Virumaa and his son Carl Gustav Theodor Masing; Carl Johannes Masing b. 1811 Rakvere, Lääne-Virumaa, Eesti. From Piirsalu, Läänemaa east of Haapsalu, connected to Mari Masing and from Roela, Lääne-Viru County, Estonia - soth-east of Rakvere; and an area south of Viljandi - Valga county; also from Iisaku, Ida-Virumaa, Eesti. Heinkople Ado Masing b. ca 1833 d. 1896 in
Raikküla mőis Lipa, Harjumaa;
from Märjamaa Parish, Rapla County in western Estonia, east of Haapsalu. Christoph Otto Wilhelm Masing; Peter Otto Christoph Masing b. 1811, from Riga; Carl Michael Reinhold Masing, general of artillery.

The Manzing / Mansing / Masing family from Revel are not Estonian, only Swedish descendants and come from Sweden.

On the Bunkin family and Shnaubert:

Carl Shnaubert, a doctor, at the beginning of the XIX century in Moscow. Constantine Bunkin, Eng., took part in the construction of the first Soviet helicopter.

On the Tsitsin family: Natalia Tsitsin art restorer, a granddaughter of the architect Boris Shnaubert (born in 1925) and Maria - died in 1915. Boris Shnaubert died in 1917. Her father Konstantin Bunkin, engineer.

On the Manfred family:
Albert Z. Manfred 1906 St. Petersburg, his father

Manfred L. Zachar / Zakhar / Zahar, worked as a lawyer in St. Petersburg, the French language was Manfred native one. He studied in St. Petersburg.

About Pampel / Papmel:

Papmel Alexander d. 1958, in France; Papmel E., a native of Finland.

Pampel Eduard 1884 - 1952, Germany, began his career in Russia: Lessner factory in St. Petersburg 1911, then entered the factory Becker in Revel; he worked at the aerodynamic laboratory of the Petrograd Polytechnic Institute 1917, shipbuilding division Putilov factory. Plant Becker was in Revel that is Revel Shipyard BECKER & Co. / Joint Stock Company 'metallurgical, mechanical and shipbuilding plants Becker & Co.' in Reval / Tallinn. During the First World War, it had to be evacuated to Novorossiysk, where it is located on the site of a small factory Muller, Lampe & Co., after which he ever lost shipbuilding specialization. The factory made machine-gun and artillery tower installation of armored trains.

Adolf and his wife, Alexandra, nee Lengold had three children: Andrew (1875 - 1884), Helen (1876 - 1958) and Margaret (1881 - 1882). They intermarried with the families of Repman, Gauthier, Doble, and others.
Emil E. was married to Sophia nee Osipovna Hecke (Hakker, Hacker, Hekke). They had six children: Leo (1880 - 1942), Natalie (1881 - ?), Mary (1883 -), Sophia (1885 - 1923?), Paul (1887 - 1892), Eugene (1890 -). They intermarried with the family Kindinger and others.

As a young man, Evgeny Armand was a clerk - official at a German factory in Vanteevke near by Bolshevo about 1845, in 1853 Evgeny bought dyeing factory in Pushkino, Moscow Province, from the French owner, Favard; in 1859, Evgeny build a second factory close to this one; c. 1865 Evgeny built a house and made it his residence. In addition there were houses in Moscow, four-story office in the Old Square, at the corner Varvarka, an apartment house in the German market, the trading house on Vozdvizhenka street near the Arbat Square. They were co-owners of the Firm 'E. Armand and his sons', and two textile factories in the Moscow suburb, owned houses in Moscow and estates in the suburbs, were members of the charitable community organizations.

A brothers Brilling, Nicholas R. and Eugene R., big engineers of engines, operating in the Soviet era and even after World War II, Nikolai Romanovich was a famous theorist, honored worker of science, the brothers were married to two sisters Armand. There were another of the next of kin, Dr. Kohl and K. Fedosov and Konstantynowicz. The middle brother, Adolph E. was, in contrast to his elder brother. Three brothers lived lavishly, but these great bourgeois clan Armand began to decline but the 'Evgenii Armand and Sons' Company by 1912 had two thousand employees. However, in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, all Armand continued to live in Pushkino and Nicholas Vladislavovich Ivinsky was here as governor.

1909 - 1910

Battleships 'Sevastopol', 'Petropavlovsk', 'Poltava' and 'Gangut' were laid in June 1909 in Petersburg and the construction of new battleships required the use of private businesses: 'Kulebaki association Prodamet', 'Metal', 'Putilov', Obukhov, 'G. A. Lessner' and of course for electrical equipment, plants 'Dyuflon, Konstantynowicz & Co.', 'Volta', 'Universal Company of Electricity', 'Geisler and Erickson'.
Acc. to: R. M. Melnikov, 'The battleship "Emperor Pavel I" 1906 - 1925', "... the beginning of all this work (with 'Emperor Pavel I') relates to 1906, when the plants have started to implement orders in mine arms, and until 1912 the ship is in a period of buildings and testing. During this time, were made all the principal mine works, equipped with facilities, installed devices, pumps, duct, radio, floodlights, alarm systems and all electrical installations. Since 1912, the ship enters into ... fleet ... Ship's electrical systems ... the ship in 1911 taken from plants: the Baltic, Volta, Geisler, 'Dyuflon and Konstantynowicz' and from the Kronshtadt port. ... In 1911, on the march back from Kronstadt to Revel was acceptance ... electric steering device, manufactured by the 'Volta'. ... there are two portable electric water turbines made by 'Dyuflon and Konstantynowicz' tested in 1912 ... Two electric winches ... were installed at the ship and manufactured by 'Dyuflon and Konstantynowicz' in 1911. ... shunt motor for polishing metal capacity of 1 kilowatt ... in 1911 made by the 'Dyuflon and Konstantynowicz' and installed on a ship ... In 1912, from the plant of 'Dyuflon and Konstantynowicz', were two 90-cm projectors of Sotter with gilt metal parabolic reflectors. Spotlight placed on the anterior and posterior bridges on the rails, which can be rolled from side to side...".

The Ministry of the Navy ordered 32 of the fortress spotlight diameter of 210 cm of an Italian company 'Officine Galileo' for Revel at the beginning of 1914. When the war began contract was terminated, and the Castle Management Committee arranged a competition among Russian electrical engineering firms. 16 spotlights a diameter of 200 cm gave Russian branch of the Siemens - Schuckert factory in St Petersburg, and spotlights with smaller diameters (all 60) - The Company electromechanical structures (former 'Dyuflon and Konstantynowicz'). In the meantime, had to interrupt the test of Italian spotlight (The Officine Galileo / Galileo Workshop is an important Italian manufacturer of scientific instruments; at present - scientific instruments for satellites; located in Campi Bisenzio, in the province of Florence, 1862 by Giovanni Battista Donati, Angelo Vegni, and after Guglielmo Marconi; 1873, the production was extended to electric tools, lighting, optical instruments, periscopes, stereoscopic rangefinders) and set it on the Weems peninsula. The War Department has transferred to the fortress a spotlights to the north coast of the island Nargen and another on Surop peninsula near Marah.

Curiosity: on 28 August 1909 a robbery at a very mysterious circumstances, committed in the night of August 14 at the factory company 'L. Dyuflon, Konstantynowicz and Company' on Lopukhinsky Street. The plant was guarded by night watchmen, but from the office was stolen 5000 rubles. The money were intended for delivery to the workers. One key had got a porter, the other an accountant and no traces on the walls.

In 1910 reveals 'Aeronautic Division' of 'Dyuflon, Konstantynowicz and Co.' in St. Petersburg to deliver a business aviation on an industrial basis.

1892 - 1910

"In 1892, Swiss citizen, L. F. Dyuflon / Duflon (built in St. Petersburg plant for the production of electrical equipment and) opened in St. Petersburg 'Electrical studio'. In the same year 1892 L. F. Dyuflon / Duflon concluded a cooperation agreement with Moscow businessman A. Konstantinovich / Константинович / Apollon (Apollo) Konstantynowicz son of Wasyl / Wasilij Константинович, the owner of the technical office.

Together they take on more complex projects, and soon the company was the first military orders. Only a few years, and its mechanisms and electrical devices are mounted on Russian shipyards, battleships and to coastal artillery batteries ... in 1896 Konstantynowicz and K. Dyuflon build a new plant and establish joint-stock company 'Dyuflon, Konstantynowicz and company'. The firm 'Deca' in addition to the main office in St. Petersburg, which was headed by Dyuflon opens branch in Moscow (headed by Konstantynowicz / Константинович). Soon the production of 'Deca' is widely known, and representative of JSC appear in Kharkov and Yekaterinburg / Ekaterinburg, address: Main Avenue, the Izboldin house, ... industrial regions of Ukraine, Tavria, Volga and Ural. Business are growing along with demand for high quality equipment. It is planned to open offices in Kronstadt, Revel (now Tallinn), Nikolayev and Sevastopol. For the development of new products plant 'Deca' in St. Petersburg is equipped with latest imported equipment specially purchased in France, England and America, but do not stop and his own. Beginning of the twentieth century marked ... the conquest of the air disaster. There are first guided balloons - airships and fundamentally new type of technology - the airplane. While this is not transportation, but rather fun. Undertake the construction of single-aircraft enthusiasts. ... of 1910 reveals 'Aeronautic Division' in St. Petersburg to deliver a business aviation on an industrial basis. In 1912 JSC 'Deca' is participating in the tender for the construction of airships for the military departments of Russia. The airship was constructed in full conformity with technical specifications and tested in 1913. The experiment was considered successful and commercially viable, and in the same year was founded a specialized aviation workshop as a structural part of the company 'Deca' (shareholders are thinking about such promising areas as aeronautics and aviation and aircraft engines). When the First World War broke out, JSC 'Deca' has received a loan to expand aircraft production under the production of airplanes and engines, from domestic materials. But space, material and manpower resources to carry out new plans in the Russian capital was not enough, and we had to consider options for building a new plant in the province. Among them was a small town Aleksandrovsk in Ekaterinoslav province" (Copyright 2006 - 2011 by 'Science & Technology', No 10 (53), 2010).

The 'Duflon and Konstantinovich' Company Board of Directors in St. Petersburg, Apothecary island, Lopukhinsky Street, No 8:

Evgeny / Armand Evgenii / Evgenij Evgienievich Armand - Chairman, hereditary honorable citizen, counselor, chairman of the Board of the Association of woolen goods factory 'Eugene Armand and his sons'; chairman of the Society of electromechanical installations 'Dyuflon, Konstantynowicz and Company'; Maria Paszkowska / Paszkovski has got three sons: Eugene / Eugeniusz the 'third', Adolph / Adolf and Emilie / Emil Armand / Aрманд (Eugene born about 1842, Adolph b. circa 1845 and Emilie about 1847), Eugene / Evgeny was a merchant of the first guild and trading - manufacturing advisor; his wife, Barbara Karlovna Demonets / De Monets or DEMONTET had 12 children,

Nikolai Danilovich Liesienko who represented the interests of the company in St. Petersburg 1906 - 1914,

Louis F. Duflon who lived since 1908 in Switzerland,

Alexander E. Armand / Armand Alexandr, hereditary honorable citizen and candidate for Board Member of the Association of woolen factory 'Eugene Armand and Sons'; a board member of the Society of electromechanical installations 'Dyuflon, Konstantynowicz and Company',

count Sergei von Gernet son of Pavel Gernet from Estland province, Von Gernet S. P., a nobleman, a retired captain and board member: the Company 'Bahmugskaya salt' / society 'Bahmutskiy salt', the Society of electromechanical installations 'Dyuflon, Konstantynowicz and Company' and the Company of metallurgical, mechanical and shipbuilding plants 'Becker and Co.',

Emil I. Ramseyer - Swiss citizen, the board member of the St. Petersburg Discount and Loan Bank, chairman of the Board of the 'Atlas' Society in St. Petersburg; his brother Ramseyer Y. I., Swiss citizen was also the board member of the St. Petersburg Discount and Loan Bank and Director of the Company 'Sormovo',

count Albert R. de Gern / Gernet ? / де Герн граф Альберт Романович Earl, member of the Russian-French Chamber of Commerce, Board Member: The Russian-French Commercial Bank and the Society of the Bryansk factories; the secretary of French society 'Russian Mining and Metallurgical Union', the French agent in Russia, and member of the board of 'Duflon and Konstantynowicz' Company,

Masson Ph. Charles / CHARLE Masson son of Philiberte / Antoine Philibert Masson / Masson Antoine-Philibert (name Masse by Russian language) was Vice - Chairman of the Society of electromechanical installations 'Dyuflon' in St. Petersburg (then L. L. Nobel succeed him) and a member of the Board of Nabpolts (Moscow).

His father probably:
Antoine Philibert Masson / Masson Antoine-Philibert, born 1806 in Auxonne and died 1860 in Paris, is a French physicist; "...he was responsible for the invention of the induction coil (with Louis Breguet) that bears Ruhmkorff's name. He realized tests telegraph transmission in ... Caen (in 1831, after a year of teaching mathematics at Montpellier, he moved to Caen, where he taught physical sciences at the College Royal until 1839; unaware of the discoveries of Joseph Henry or William Jenkins, Masson in 1834 observed independently the self-induction of a voltaic circuit; he described his investigation of this phenomenon and, ... demonstrated the tetanic effect of a series of rapidly repeated self-induced currents; ... Masson constructed some of the earliest induction coils). His research and publications cover areas as diverse as photometry, induction, the movement of fluids ... Antoine MASSON is the descendant of a family of cloth merchants from Burgundy. His father, Pierre Antoine Masson Fourth (the name of his wife) had studied pharmacy ... and will move to Dijon when the young Antoine just 6 years. ...In 1839, he was appointed professor of physics at the ... Ecole Centrale de Paris. With Breguet, it carries an electric telegraph in 1838 and in 1841, the first inductor to study electrical discharges in rarefied gases (in 1841, together with Louis Breguet, he described a high-tension induction coil of the type Ruhmkorff subsequently perfected ... in 1836 successfully defended a doctoral thesis elaborating Ampere's work in electrodynamics, Masson had returned to Paris and from 1841 taught physics at the Lycee Louis-le-Grand and at the Ecole Centrale ... until his death in 1860). Thereafter, the coil will keep the name Ruhmkorff coil... Masson ... establish the theory of wind instruments ("...between 1844 and 1854 he conducted an intensive investigation of the spark produced by electrical discharges through various media; ... with L. Courtepee and J. C. Jamin, he also examined ... the absorption of radiant heat and light by different substances ... he investigated aspects of electrical telegraphy, acoustics, the elasticity of solid bodies, and the discharge of induction coils through partial vacuums, as well as related chemical and physical problems").
... biography of MASSON family.
In 1830, Victor, cousin of Anthony, goes to PARIS ... publish several technical books and ... Victor Masson became the founder of Editions Masson...".

Nobel L. L. (descendant of Ludvig and Edla Nobel), Ludvig Alfred Lullu Nobel, 1874 - 1935, hereditary honorable citizen, Director of the Company 'Gear-Tsitroen' (Citroen) and board member of the Society of electromechanical installations 'Dyuflon, Konstantynowicz and Company' and a machine factory of Company 'Ludvig Nobel'.

Descendants of Immanuel Nobel, the younger b. 1801 and Andriette Ahlsell: Robert Nobel b. 1829, Alfred Nobel b. 1833 - the inventor of dynamite, instituted the Nobel Prizes, Emil Oskar Nobel and Ludvig Immanuel Nobel b. 1831 - is buried in the Smolensky Lutheran Cemetery in St. Petersburg.
Descendants of Ludvig and Mina Nobel: Emanuel Nobel b. 1859 d. 1932 (Branobel's second president and being interested in the encryption business correspondence, Carl Wilhelm Hagelin and Immanuel Nobel / Emmanuel Nobel were an investors of the AB Cryptograph Company, in the production cipher machines developed Arvid Damm, like a rotary machine Electrocryptograph B-1), Carl Nobel b. 1862;
and descendants of Ludvig and Edla Nobel: Esther Wilhelmina Olsen-Nobel, Ludvig Alfred (Lullu) Nobel b. 1874 (Duflon and Konstantynowicz Company), Ingrid Hildegard Nobel-Ahlqvist b. 1879, Marta Helena Nobel-Oleinikoff b. 1881, Rolf Nobel, Emil Waldemar Ludvig Nobel and last Gustaf Oscar Ludvig.

Zhurnollo L. A. (Dziurnollo?), engineer and commerce adviser, factory director and board member of the Society of electromechanical installations 'Dyuflon, Konstantynowicz and Co.', a board member of the Society of Tver city railway,

Mr Breguet - the engineer of 'Dyuflon and Konstantynowicz', company representative, Swiss citizen and friend of Drzewiecki.

And others top members of the 'Duflon...':

Azbelev Peter Pavlovich, b. Febr. the 27, 1868 in Vologda, a retired major-general of the Russian fleet, P. P. Azbelev also was Director of the Electromechanical Plant of the Society 'Dyuflon, Konstantynowicz and Company'; a board member of society 'Bahmutskiy salt',
Fedor Illarionovich Stupak - in 1898 he was appointed to the plant manager and in 1911 to the position of chief engineer of the plant 'Dyuflon, Konstantynowicz and Co.' in St Petersburg (to 1916),
Valentin Petrovich Vologdin, 1881 - 1953, Valentin Petrovich was working as technical director of 'Duflon...',
Nikolaj Romanowicz Brilling, elaborated aeroengine with two opposite pistons when acted as chief in DEKA factory (Duflon either Duflou or Dufflon & Konstantynowicz) in Zaporozhye 1916 - 1918.

Source: 'amburger' domain:
Sergius Gernet Pavlovič, b. 12.12.1859 / 24.12.1859 in Narva, Russia; education: a Seeschool, from 15 September 1875, Guard Marin Fleet from 05 January 1879; a training from 28 January 1884, merchant navy 20 October 1886, reserve 02 December 1890 as Kptn. 2 class, occupation: 'Gov. Duflon and Konstantinovič and Co.' 1912; ownership, owner of 'Tudor' Factory in Petersburg 1897; 30 August 1880 'micman', from 01/01/1885 Lieutenant, from 02/12/1890 Cptn 2 Class,

Louis Duflon Francov. born in Villeneuve, died 1930; wife Duflon, Marie Josephine. Top member of the Duflon and Konstantinovič Comp., from Swiss, Vaud district; mathematicians and ownership of the 'Duflon, Konstantinovič and Co. Mechan. Workshop', Saint Petersburg from 1893, owner of factory 08/06/1901 (Rauber, industry).

Edward Duflon / Eduard, from Swiss; owner of Duflon, Konstantinovič & Company Mechan. Workshop 1895 in Saint Petersburg. Acc. to 'amburger' we have two different figures with last name Duflon.

Emil Ramseyer Iv., born 1863 and died 1925; from Swiss, Bern, occupation: 'Gov. Peter. Loan (Učetnyj i Ssudnyj Bank) Bank' in 1917; Chrm. of the 'Atlas Petrograd'; top member of the 'Deka' that is Duflon, Konstantinovič and Co.; top member of "Volta" and Oil N. Hartmann.

The Ramseyer family from Neuchâtel, close to border on France, and area north of Lausanne and Neuchatel: La Chaux-de-Fonds is a Swiss city of the district of La Chaux-de-Fonds in the canton of Neuchâtel. It is located few kilometres south of the French border. Its growth and prosperity is mainly bound up with the watch making industry. It is the most important centre of the watch making industry in the area known as the Watch Valley. Completely destroyed by a fire in 1794; from St-Aubin-Sauges north of Lausanne, Grindlachen, Bern in Switzerland; from Siebnen and Steffisburg north-east of Lousanne, Tavannes, north of Neuchatel.

Villeneuve is a municipality of the canton of Vaud in Switzerland, located ca 30 km east-south of Lausanne; Duflon family gone from Nimes 1584, Lutry 1852, Neuchatel, in Paris 1801 - 1877 Louis Duflon and Duflon J.-F., landlord in Bouligneux in France west of Geneve. François / Françoise Duflon from Riex (Lavaux) and Villeneuve was born in 1831 in La Tour-de-Peilz, where his father was a teacher. He attended the College of Vevey, where he was a professor; 1876 Lausanne, 1906 d'Ardon, south-east of Villeneuve. La Tour-de-Peilz east from Lausanne, close to Villeneuve, 15 km.

Acc. to A. SAUTER, 'RELIEUR...', ed. NEUCHATEL and Geneve, 1899: Valais, ...societe evalaisanne des Sciences naturelles, Vice-President: M. Emile Burnat, a Nant-sur-Vevey, M. Wilczek from Lausanne and M. F. Duflon from Villeneuve.

Acc. to: The Electrician, October 16, 1885:
"...Copper and bronzes prepared under such conditions are much used for aerial telegraph and telephone lines... A Wheatstone bridge, a differential galvanometer, a battery of four cups, and a contact key complete the apparatus. ... And made upon a great number a specimens, were made in part by the writer at the workshop at Angouleme with the assistance of Messrs. X. Muller and J. Stahl, engineers of the establishment, and partly by M. Duflon,

electrical engineer in the measuring room of M. Sciami, director of the Maison Breguet. These latter experiments were those made upon the bars themselves. ... Their conductivities compared with silver and pure copper are given in the ... table: silver...".

Emmanuel Nobel / Immanuel the younger b. 1801 died 1872, the inventor of underwater mines. In 1842 - 1859 he lived in St. Petersburg, where he founded a mechanical plant. Robert E. Nobel (1829 - 1896) was born in Sweden but his mother came to St. Petersburg and since 1850 he has worked at the factory of his father, after worked for many years in companies that founded together with his brothers: Alfred Bernhard Nobel b. 1833, founder of the Nobel Prizes - in Russia became acquainted with the works of Zinin and V. F. Petrushevskii / Pietruszewski in chemical engineering nitroglycerin. Ludvig Nobel b. 1831 died 1888, member of the Russian Technical Society, in St. Petersburg acted for 'Ludwig Nobel' / 'Russian diesel', in 1876 he founded with brothers Robert and Alfred and with his sons:
Immanuel Nobel / Emmanuel Nobel / Lyudvigovich Emanuel Nobel b. 1859 and
Carl:
Oil Industry Company / Branobel / Tovarichtchestvo Nephtanavo Proisvodtsva Bratiev Nobel in Baku. He moved with his mother Andriette and brothers Robert and Alfred to St Petersburg in 1842 where his father Immanuel had set up a factory. He bought his own smaller factory that he called the 'Machine-Building Factory Ludvig Nobel'. There, he made cannons, gun carriages, underwater mines and artillery missiles, machine tools, hydraulic presses. Together with Russian Major General Peter A. Bilderling and his brother, he built up a model factory in Izhevsk in the Urals. Ludvig and his son Immanuel Nobel / Emmanuel Nobel / Lyudvigovich Emanuel Nobel b. 1859, visited Baku in 1876. In 1879, the 'Naftaproduktionsaktiebolaget Bröderna Nobel', shortened to Branobel, was formed in St. Petersburg.

Above Ludvig Immanuel Nobel b. 1831, was an engineer, m. 1st. time in 1858 to Mina Ahlsell and 2nd time in 1871. Ludvig ran the company with his sons Immanuel Nobel / Emmanuel Nobel / Lyudvigovich Emanuel Nobel b. 1859 and Carl. His first and illegitimate child, Hjalmar Crusell, was head of a laboratory and the closest person in St Petersburg.
Most of the people in the managerial staff were Swedes, but was also a man from Norway, Hans Olsen who came to Kronstadt to work in 1880 and met Ludvig Nobel's sons, Immanuel Nobel / Emmanuel Nobel / Lyudvigovich Emanuel Nobel b. 1859 and Carl, in the Russian capital.

Second person Michael Belyamin, born in 1831 worked with Ludvig Nobel as an engineer with management responsibilities. In 1880 he was elected as a member of the Supervisory Board of the company to 1899. His son, Michael Belyamin jr, was a mining engineer and lived in St. Petersburg until 1919. Above named Peter Bilderling, born in 1844 was from a Courlandish noble family, was promoted to the rank of major general. He was one of the members of the Branobel administration from 1885 and one of the members of the Supervisory Board of the company until he died. Ludvig’s first child was born out of wedlock in 1856. His name was Hjalmar Crusell. Ludvig married his cousin Wilhelmina Mina Ahlsell who died in 1869. Together they had the children Emanuel, born in 1859, Carl in 1862 and Anna in 1866. Ludvig later married Edla Colin and they had seven children: Mina born in 1873, Ludvig in 1874 that is Ludvig Alfred Lullu Nobel (1874 - 1935) was married 1901 to Mary Minnie Johnson b. 1876, Ingrid in 1879, Marta in 1881, Rolf in 1882, Emil in 1885 and Gosta in 1886. Above Emmanuel Nobel Jr. b. 1859 in 1888 - 1917 headed the company 'Ludwig Nobel' and other enterprises and he played an important role in business organizations in Russia. In early 1918, went to Sweden.

Ludwig Nobel and then his son Emmanuel, who skillfully managed the 'Branobel' till 1920, when Bolshevik Red Army invaded in Baku and nationalized the oil industry, considered Baku (Villa Petrolea) as their second home.

All above data according to http://www.branobelhistory.com/themes/the-nobel-brothers/ludvig-nobel-enters-the-fight-for-oil/ by editor@branobelhistory.com. Under copyright with statement: 'Use of Content from this Website. The Centre for Business History in Stockholm (CBHS) provides the content on this website. The CBHS invites visitors to use its online content for personal, educational and other non-commercial purposes. By using the Branobel History Website, you accept and agree to abide by the following terms...'. Above Major General Peter A. von Bilderling co-operated with Alfred Nobel, Robert Nobel, I. J. Zabelsky / Zabielski, Baron Alexandre von Bilderling, Fritz Blumberg, Michel Beliamin, A. S. Sundgren and Benno Wunderlich. Baron Peter von Bilderling born in St. Petersburg in 1844 - died at Zapolie in 1900 close to Luga, was an engineer and engineering officer of the Russian Imperial Army. He is the brother of Baron Alexander von Bilderling, the general who participated in the Russo-Japanese War. From a noble family originally German - Baltic but Orthodox, his father Alexander Grigoryevich Otto Hermann von Bilderling was lieutenant general in Engineering Corps. His grandfather George Sigismund von Bilterlings in Mitau in Courland / Jelgava in Latvia. His mother was descended from a family of Polish nobility untitled, the Doliwo - Dobrowolski / Dobrowolski with coat of arms Doliwa. Died September 25, 1900 at his home in Zapolie near Luga, where he is buried, a major in 1861 after the Mikhailovsky Artillery Academy with 1st class, the Guard of the Grand Duke Nicolas, He served at the Caucasus. He was married twice 1. Sofia Vladimirovna Westman and 2nd to Natalia Alexandrovna Barantzov. His descendants migrated to Cannes and Nice. In 1872 he signed an agreement with Ludvig Nobel providing machine tools. His sons Vladimir and Peter Alexander or George and Peter, daughter Baroness Natalia Petrovna Bilderling. Well-known electrical engineer Mikhail Dolivo - Dobrovolsky Osipovich was his cousin: Michal Doliwa Dobrowolski / Michael Osipovich / Mikhail Osipovich Dolivo Dobrovolsky b. 1861 / 1862, Gatchina, Russian electrical engineer of Polish descent, in a large noble family.
Michael was the oldest child.
Grandfather Florian b. 1776 came from Poland to St. Petersburg. Michal Doliwa Dobrowolski completed the Riga Polytechnic Institute, Darmstadt Higher Technical School, where opened electrical laboratory with special attention to the electrochemistry, the preparation of aluminum. Dolivo - Dobrovolsky invited to join the firm AEG (Allgemeine Elektricitats-Gesellschaft), where in 1909 he was appointed director and served in that capacity until his death, made the induction motor, a rotor with windings in the form of a squirrel cage, 1889 was built
(after Nikola Tesla -
Acc. to: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikola_Tesla Nikola Tesla b. 1856, electrical engineer, mechanical engineer, the designer of the modern alternating current electricity supply system. Tesla gained experience in telephony and electrical engineering, 1884 worked for Thomas Edison. His patented induction motor and transformer were licensed by George Westinghouse, he is known for his high-voltage, high-frequency power experiments in New York, the invention of radio communication, for his X-ray experiments, and for his ill-fated attempt at intercontinental wireless transmission - and G. Ferraris)
three-phase induction motor capacity of about 100 watts and generators; built the electrical system for the transmission of three-phase of 8500 V, the three-phase transformer, small hydro power plant with three-phase synchronous generator. Acted in St. Petersburg Polytechnic Institute, which opened in 1899, after 1914 moved to Switzerland. In 1918, he again went to Berlin.
And few different details: Michal Doliwo-Dobrowolski, the main engineer of Berlin company AEG, for the development of a three-phase system. Invented the three-phase squirrel cage motor. Born January 2, 1862 / December 21, 1861 in Gatchina, near to St. Petersburg. Son of Joseph Dobrowolski, grandson of Florian Dobrowolski. Great-grandson of Joseph Doliwo-Dobrovolsky born about 1750 in the Mscislaw province of Poland.

DOLIWA coat of arms to the Doliwo-Dobrowolski family in the 1st half of the 19 century from Russian hands. This family lived in the Borisov district, village Малое Стахово / Maloye Stahovo, Bielaja Luza in Zodinsk / Zodino area / Жодино, Zodino / Shodino in the Minsk government; Doliwa-Dobrowolski also in Berezyna in 1864; at the beginning of the 20th century in Sienno in Vicebsk / Witebsk area - village Kokovtsino / Kokowczino / Коковчино and Papino 18 km of Bogushevsk / Богушевск. Добровольски / Dobrowolski in Chausy / Tshausy / Czausy district, the Mohilev government, Proskowia Dobrowolski daughter of Zachary Dobrowolski m. Prokopovich, born 1913 with brother Aleksander Dobrowolski or Aleksiej b. 1916.

Zachar Dobrowolski coat of arms Doliwa, lived in village Novosielki, 2 km west of Golovientsitsy (Головенчицкая волость), 14 km west-south Chausy / Czausy, south-east of Mogilev and village Smolki / Smolka / Смолка 13 km west of Novosielki.

See on the Brujewicz family!
Children of Dmitrij Brujewicz: Michail / Michal Boncz Brujewicz and his wife Eudokia Dobrowolski daughter of Porfir / Porfirion Dobrowolski. She was born 1870, d. 1943. Michail Boncz Brujewicz b. 24 Febr. 1870 in Moscow, died 1956 in Moscow, too. Second son of Dmitrij: Wladimir Boncz Brujewicz, b. 1873 in Moscow, d. 1955 in Moscow. Wife Wiera Wieliczkina, married in Geneve, Switzerland. Wiera was born 1868. His second wife Anna Tinkier vel Tynker daughter of Semen / Zenon Tynker. Anna Tinker was the first wife of Solomon Czernomordik son of Isajew / Izak.

Above named Michael's Dobrowolski mother Olga is a daughter of Mikhail Jewrejn. Between 1862 to 1872 Michael Dobrovolsky / Michail / Michal Dobrowolski lived in Gatchina. 1872 to 1878 Odessa. 1878 - 1880 Department of Chemistry, Riga Polytechnical Institute, where he teaches in German, but were many Poles. 1881 to 1883 in St. Petersburg, Odessa, Novorossiysk. He has been worked at the Widder plant in St. Petersburg. 1883 Hesse in Germany. Here to 1884. Again in 1887 in Odessa. 1887 - 1903 worked for Emil Rathenau - AEG.
1903 - 1907 Lausanne.
1907 Berlin: electric motors, electric power consumption meter. According to the professors Krolikowski Lech and Zbigniew Woyndrowski, he came from a noble family Doliwa Dobrowolski, of the Mscislaw province, from the region of Mogilev on the Dnieper. 1772 in Russia, as the governorate Mogilev. Florian Dobrowolski born 1776 died in 1852, the son of Joseph Dobrowolski coat Doliwa, born about 1750; Florian's wife Maria Szaltuch, a daughter of Fyodor Szaltuch.

Florian Dobrowolski served in the Russian Army. 1822 - 1824 lives in Mogilev on the Dnieper. 1799 verified nobility in Mogilev. It is then an inspector of the military field post, as well as the police chief in Mogilev on the Dnieper. 1812 - 1814 the Napoleonic Wars, 1814 siege of Paris. Florian had 9 children. The youngest son is Joseph Dobrowolski. Joseph has the son Michael Doliwo-Dobrowolski. Joseph was born in August 1824 in St. Petersburg. 1854 to 1855 the Crimean War, he served in the Russian Army in the rank of colonel. Director of the Institute for Orphans in Gatchina near Petersburg. Married to Olga Jewrejn, daughter of Mikhail Jewrejn.

In 1918

Abram Ioffe

[b. 1880, son of Fedor; completion of the St. Petersburg Technological Institute in 1902] became a head of Physics and Technology division in State Institute of Roentgenology and Radiologythe i.e. Physico - Technical Institute where a group of young physicists worked:

B. P. Konstantynowicz,

I. V. Kurczatow = Kurchatov,

Lev Landau [son of David, born 1908 in Baku; his father was an engineer who worked in the Baku oil industry; since 1927 he continued research at the Leningrad Physico - Technical Institute],

P. L. Kapitsa [Piotr = Pyotr Kapica was born July 08/June 26, 1894 in Kronstadt; he was son of Leon or Leonid Kapica - a military engineer, lieutenant general in the Russian engineers corps, Pole with the Kapica i.e. Jastrzebiec diverse coat of arms, see: http://www.jurzak.pl/gendyna.pl?kd=1&hb=0504

- and

Olga Stebnicki who was daughter of Hieronim Stebnicki, Pole with the Przestrzal coat of arms, see: http://www.przodkowie.com/niesiecki/s/stebnicki/5915.php?lit=s.

The grandson of Piotr Kapica senior; received his preparatory education in Kronstadt and next educated at the Petrograd Polytechnical Institute, "he graduated in 1918 with a degree in electrical engineering" (or 1919) on

Electromechanics Department;

he remained there as a lecturer until 1921; he went to England and there he worked with Ernest Rutherford; in 1934, Kapica went to Soviet Union] and others [quantum electronics, electromagnetic waves] - see http://depts.washington.edu/hssexec/newsletter/1997/graham.html.

The foremost expert in the radio valves in the tsarist Russia was Michail (2nd) Boncz Brujewicz (Bonch-Bruevich b. 1888 in Orjol - d. 1940; son of Aleksander (III) Boncz Brujewicz / Bonch - Bruevich who stayed in Kiev since 1896), electrician and engineer after completion of the "Nikolai - Ingenieurschule" in Petersburg 1914; he served in the Russian army as a professional officer, expert of electron lamps and radiolocation, 1915 - 1919 made a study of radio valves and organized the first production of one as chief of high - frequency's section in the Central laboratory of War Department in middle of 1917 (the first broadcast valves and valve sets appeared in Russian Air Force in 1917); director of the radio valves laboratory in 1918 - 1920 and author of the broadcasting station's project in Moskow of 1922; his son Aleksej Bonch - Bruevich (b. 1916) was the Soviet expert of electron tubes, too.

The Physico - Technical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Sergei Pietrovich Kapitsa

b. February 14, 1928 in Cambridge, Soviet and Russian physicist, the son of the Nobel Prize Kapitza /

П. Л. Капица, grandson of A. N. Krylov / А. Н. Крылов, the Russian mathematician and shipbuilder, and the great-nephew of the famous French biochemist Henry Victor / Victor Henri, Krylov - on his mother side, Anna Alekseevna. The great-grandson of a geographer И. И. Стебницки / I. I. Stebnicki that is Ierome Stebnicki / Hieronim Stebnicki, the elder brother of А. П. Капицa / A. P. Kapitsa.
Father - Peter Leonidovich Kapitsa - the famous physicist and Nobel Prize winner, mother - Anna A. Krylov, the daughter of Alexei Krylov, Russian ship builder, an expert in the field of mechanics, mathematics. Above named Krylov, Alexey / Крылов, Алексей Николаевич / Alexei Krylov b. in August 1863, 1878 he entered the Naval Academy, he graduated with honors in 1884, worked in the Hydrographic Office of P. Kolong, study of the magnetic deviation, in 1887 Krylov moved to (since 1892 the Duflon and Konstantynowicz Company in St Petersburg; before 1892 Duflon acted in the Breguet Company in Petersburg owned by the Brown family from London) the Franco - Russian plant, and then continued his studies at the shipbuilding department of the Nicholas Naval Academy. 1890 he remained at the Academy. According to the memoirs of Krylov, since 1887, his specialty was ship-building, the application of mathematics to various issues of maritime affairs and expanded the theory of William Froude, 1896 he was elected a member of the British Society of Naval Architects, proposed the gyroscopic damping roll. His daughter Anna, became the wife of Kapitza. Since 1900, Krylov cooperates with Stepan Osipovich Makarov, Admiral and scientist and shipbuilder.

Acc. to an Academician A. N. Krylov / Kriloff, 'My memories' on Stepan Karlovic Drzewiecki:
It was a talented engineer and inventor, with whom Krylov was friendly to April 1938.
He knew Drzewiecki in November 1878, at age 15, being at the Naval College (Admiral Gregory I. Butakov died in the summer of 1882, as a teacher of the fleet, with an architect I. G. Bubnov and Captain 2nd rank M. N. Beklemishev, cooperated on the project of submarine 'Dolphi').
Krylov met Drzewiecki many times in the technical society. In January 1886 was organized the first Electrical Exhibition. At this exhibition participated main hydrographic office, with the last sample of a compass 'de Kolong' and also participated a Parisian firm 'Breguet', with two instruments invented by the French Navy admiral Fournier: among others dromoskop. I. A. Shestakov and Main Hydrographic office was instructed to investigate these devices (I. P. de Kolong, Lieutenant N. M. Yakovlev and Krylov who met Drzewiecki). This work was later published in 'Sea collection'.

Krylov soon teamed up with the Petersburg department of the company 'Breguet', on dromoskop. Krylov then met with the engineer Dyuflon, a representative of 'Breguet', Swiss, friend of Drzewiecki.

Drzewiecki occupied a luxury apartment of the house No 6 Admiralty Street. In the evenings, guests of Drzewiecki were brothers
Paul and Peter Solomonovich Martynov, Dyuflon and botanist Professor Poirot, K. E. Makovsky and the Serbian Prince Karageorgievich,
who formerly served in the French Foreign Legion, mainly for scientific or technical topics, flying airplanes on a theory of Drzewiecki (in April 1884 he published it and the chief inspector Rear Admiral Loschinsky invited Krylov to resolve this issue). Drzewiecki acc. to his friend from Moscow, Goujon (remembering on the later system of J. Roy / Rey) and Dyuflon / Duflon, was noble, of an ancient clan of Poles, who owned large estates in the Volyn province, land in Odessa, orchard houses in Warsaw, etc. Drzewiecki had an extensive knowledge of the St. Petersburg nobility. His parents were living in Paris, where he was educated at home, at the Lycee St. Barbe, and the Central Engineering College. Among his companions was Eifel (aerodynamic research).
In 1873, Drzewiecki was at Vienna World Exhibition. When Drzewiecki moved to St. Petersburg, he turned to the famous Brouwer, at the Pulkovo Observatory and to the War Minister P. S. Rakovsky (construction of 50 boats, with the payment of 100.000 rubles for Drzewiecki). Drzewiecki, received one hundred thousand, and went to Italy.

Summer 1886 Drzewiecki went to Turkestan, to General Annenkov (the Trans-Caspian railway from Krasnovodsk to Samarkand with a huge bridge across the Amu Darya in Chardzhui).
The following summer, he went to Egypt, to Aswan. 1887 he calls Krylov to show a sketch of a submarine and gone to Grand Duke General Admiral Alexei Alexandrovich with this project to develop a submarine.
In 1888 Krylov was enrolled at the Shipbuilding Division of the Naval Academy, graduated it in 1890. At this time, Drzewiecki went to Paris. 1892 met with Krylov, on the development of the submarine, and together come to Paris. The Marine Technical Committee (boat steam engines, internal combustion engines, and then diesels) cooperated with Drzewiecki because he had an extensive knowledge of French naval engineers and brought Krylov into this world. In 1897 Drzewiecki invented a special type of destroyer for the Naval Ministry, and again asked Krylov to work with him in Paris. The project was adopted by the Technical Committee. In 1892 was the Dreyfus affair and Drzewiecki was not at home, back to St. Petersburg. Around 1905 Drzewiecki developed an original theory of propellers. 1909 to 1914 every time Krylov visited Drzewiecki in Paris, last time met with him 1925 to 1927, when Krylov was abroad for 'Neftesindikat' and 'Soviet oil'. Drzewiecki died in April 1938.
Above
Jerome Stebnicki / Hieronim Stebnicki born on 12 December 1832 in the province of Volyn, Polish engineer, cartographer and infantry general of the Russian Empire. He graduated in 1852, serve in the General Staff, since 1860 worked at the Caucasus and the Caspian region, left a description of triangulation Caucasus mountains, 1866 the head of the Military Division on the topographic of General Staff of the Russian Empire, 1867 head of the Caucasus Department, grandfather of Peter Kapitza. He made the first detailed maps of the Caucasus, after Joseph Chodzko, acc. to http://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hieronim_Stebnicki.

The Physico - Technical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, one of the largest research institutes in Russia, founded by Abram Fedorovich Ioffe in September 29, 1918. Located in St. Petersburg. Director of the Radium Institute was В. И. Вернадский / V. I. Vernadskij, his deputy - V. G. Hlopin. Director of the Institute 1957 - 1967 - Б. П. Константинов / Konstantinov B. P. acc. to Russian sources, but a US research show name Konstantinovich B. P. - acc. to:
Research Database, Bibliographies & Essays, Resources, HSS Publications, Committee on Education. "An interesting attempt to compare Soviet and Western research in high-energy physics is John Irvine and Ben R. Martin, 'Basic Research in the East and West: A Comparison of the Scientific Performance of High-Energy Physics Accelerators,' Social Studies of Science, 1985, 5(2): 293-341". History of Science Society: 440 Geddes Hall, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA, 574.631.1194, 574.631.1533 Fax, Info@hssonline.org.
After him in 1967-1987 was Tuczkiewicz / Tuchkevich.

Acc. to:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioffe_Institute we read "...Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (for short, Ioffe Institute) is one of Russia's largest research centers specialized in physics...". This Wikipedia page intentionally omits Konstantynowicz aka Konstantinov name in the list of scientists of the Institute. And "...Abram Ioffe was born in the Ukraine in 1880. After graduating from St. Petersburg Technological Institute in 1902, Ioffe went to Munich, Germany, where he worked under Wilhelm Roentgen, the discoverer of X-rays. Ioffe earned his doctorate in physics in 1905. In 1906, Ioffe returned to St. Petersburg where he worked in the Polytechnical Institute. ... Several times he demonstrated his loyalty to Russia by turning down offers of academic positions in Munich and later, in Berkeley, California. He briefly left Russia during the Bolshevik Revolution in 1918, but he soon returned and helped build up the Physico-Technical Institute. He traveled to Western Europe in 1921, collecting books, journals, and equipment for the institute. He served as director of the Physico-Technical Institute from 1923 to 1953. ... Igor V. Kurchatov, who was later put in charge of the project to build the Soviet atomic bomb, studied at Ioffe's institute during the 1930s, and Ioffe recommended Kurchatov for the position to head the nuclear project". Acc. to http://www.fofweb.com/History/ and Carlisle, Rodney P. 'Ioffe, Abram Fedorovich.' - Encyclopedia of the Atomic Age. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2001.

Above Владимир Вернадский / Vladimir Ivanovich Vernadsky b. 1863, St. Petersburg and died on January 6, 1945 in Moscow. His father, Ivan, according to family legend, was a descendant of Cossacks. Before moving to St. Petersburg, he was Professor of Economics in Kiev. In St. Petersburg, he served as a privy councilor. His mother, Anna Petrovna nee Konstantynowicz / Konstantinovich, was a Polish noblewoman. Vladimir Vernadsky was a cousin of the Russian writer Vladimir Korolenko. Above named Konstantinov, Boris Pavlovich or Borys Konstantinovich / Borys Konstantynowicz son of Pawel Konstantynowicz, b. 1910 in St. Petersburg. Soviet physicist and Vice - President of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Father Paul Fedoseevich Konstantinov / or Pavel Konstantinovich b. 1874, 1888 went to St. Petersburg, mother - Agrippina Petrovna Konstantinov b. 1876 nee Smirnov, gave birth to eight sons and four daughters; Boris in 1916 was sent to a private elementary school, where he studied until the end of 1917; In early 1918 the family moved to the home of parents in the village. In 1919 his father died. In the winter 1920 - 1921 he lived and studied in St. Petersburg. Autumn of 1924 the family moved to Leningrad. At this time, at the Physico-Technical Institute worked older brother of Boris -

Alexander Pavlovich Konstantinov (1895 - 1945, repressioned, was posthumously rehabilitated) or maybe Aleksander Konstantynowicz, who became one of the largest radio technicians, radiophysicist and create a variety of radio-electronic equipment (with Bonch - Bruevich) and contributed to the development of television - suggested a way to narrow band television signals, has developed a mosaic photocathodes for the television camera tubes of the 1930s television transmission. He was a member of the laboratory of L. S. Theremin / Л. С. Термен: an alarm systems of banks and museums. A. Konstantinov was an electrician in this protective system - 1909. In 1924 he created the radio-electronic equipment to determine the difference in longitude of Greenwich and Pulkovo Astronomical Observatory, in 1928 to 1930 with his brother has developed radio - protective signaling processes of government vaults. They invented electric seismographs have been used successfully for mineral exploration.
He studied at the Physics and Mechanics of the Leningrad Polytechnic Institute 1926 - 1929 and was expelled from this Polytechnic after fourth years for
the non-proletarian origin,
but was able to continue working in science through the application of Ioffe. He worked as a laboratory assistant, senior laboratory assistant at the Physical - Technical Institute, 1935 - 1937 in the department of electro - acoustics of the Leningrad Institute, (in 1937 Konstantinov Aleksandr Pavlovich was wrongly arrested and died in the dungeons of the NKVD) but 1937 - 1940 he headed a laboratory of the Research Institute of the music industry and acoustics for the needs of defense - but we need check this data.

His brother Boris Pavlovich Konstantinovich or Konstantinov was born in St. Petersburg in 1910, acc. to his autobiography, written an excellent literary language. In 1924 Konstantinov moved to Leningrad, because at the State Physical - Technical Institute of the X-ray worked his older brother, Alexander P. Konstantinov. Since 1927 he started working at the laboratory of D. A. Rozhanski as a physicist and was student of Physics and Mechanics Faculty of the Polytechnic Institute.

A few details on Boris Konstantinov / Konstantinovich:
Konstantinov Boris Pavlovich or Konstantinovich B. P. born on 23 June / 6 July 1910 in St. Petersburg and died July 1969. In 1927-35 and since 1940 has worked in the Physical - Technical Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 1957-67 director, in 1937-40 at the Research Institute of the music industry (like his brother?!). "In the 90's of last century, was opened part of the work on the nuclear problem, and as a result over the past half ten years, there are many books and publications devoted to the development of research on the nuclear problem in the USSR and Russia... There was a series of films about the secret physicists ... I. V. Kurchatov, Y. B. Chariton, Ya. Zel'dovich, A. D. Sakharov, I. E. Tamm, V. L. Ginzburg and others in the work on the atomic problem, but the role of B. P. Konstantinov reflected very sparingly. This is despite the fact that over the carried out his work, he was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor, was elected to the Academy and became director Physico - Technical Institute, vice - president of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, it is named after him the Institute of Nuclear Physics Gatchina and the largest chemical plant in Kirov...".
"...B. P. Konstantinov is one of the founders of the school of nuclear physicists. In 1945, the Physics and Mechanics Department opened the country's first training in the Department of Nuclear Physics (Department of Technical Physics). The first head of the department was A. F. Ioffe, but after 2 years it was headed by B. P. Konstantinov, who since 1945 has combined his academic work at PTI with teaching at the LPI...".
"The Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute (PNPI) is one of four nuclear physics centers within the National Research Center 'Kurchatov Institute' / NRC 'Kurchatov Institute'. PNPI bears the name of Academician B. P. Konstantinov ... Director of the Ioffe Physical Technical Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences, vice president of the Academy of Sciences...".

At the beginning in accordance with the Decision of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR in 1942 which was composed of the Commissariat of Communications was formed Military restorative management for all military telephones and telegraphs and broadcasting units, radio and postal enterprises on the territory liberated from the German. B. P. Konstantinovich / Konstantynowicz Borys / Konstantinov was working for this management (at the Petersburg Nuclear Institut as Head of Laboratory 1943 - 1957, for the Federal Agency for Special Construction / Spetsstroy Russia). 1951 established the Office building number 565 as a part of Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR - successor of the General Directorate of Special Construction. In 1953 in Leningrad was organized management for the construction of the air defense system. "Federal Agency for Special Construction (Spetsstroy Russia) - the federal executive body for the promotion of national defense and security organization works in the field of special construction, road building and communication engineering by military units and road-building military units of the Federal Agency for Special Construction".

References, acc. to 'Russian & Soviet Science and Technology' by Loren R. Graham, History of Science Society Newsletter, Volume 18 No. 4 (Supplement 1989):
"...An interesting article on the growth of scientific personnel in the USSR, portraying the Soviet overtaking of the United States in the number of research workers, is Louvan Nolting and Murray Feshbach's, 'R and D Employment in the USSR', 'Science', 01 Feb. 1980, 207:493-503. Nolting has also published a series of reports (Foreign Economic Reports, Department of Commerce) on the structure and organization of Soviet science and technology. A recent and valuable analysis of the political role of Soviet science by Stephen Fortescue is 'The Communist Party and Soviet Science' (London: Macmillan, 1987). ... Peter Kneen's 'Soviet Scientists and the State' (Albany: SUNY Press, 1984). Works written by emigres who previously worked in the Soviet science establishment provide special insights; these include Mark Azbel, Refusenik: 'Trapped in the Soviet Union' (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1981); Mark Popovsky, 'Manipulated Science' (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1979); and Vladimir Kresin, 'Soviet Science in Practice: An Insider's View,' in 'The Soviet Union Today', edited by James Cracraft (Chicago: 'Bulletin of Atomic Scientists', 1983). Three works treating Soviet industrial research from economic and political standpoints are Joseph Berliner, The Innovation Decision in Soviet Industry (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard Univ. Press, 1976); Erik Hoffmann and Robbin Laird, Technocratic Socialism: 'The Soviet Union in the Advanced Industrial Era' (Durham, N.C.: Duke Univ. Press, 1985); and Raymond Hutchings, 'Soviet Science: Technology and Design Interaction and Convergence' (London: Oxford Univ. Press, 1976). A topic of particular interest to American scholars who may wish to do research in the Soviet Union, no matter what the field, is the history of scholarly exchanges between the United States and the USSR. The most thoughtful analysis of the subject is by Linda Lubrano, 'National and International Politics in USA-USSR Scientific Cooperation,' Social Studies of Science 1981, 11:451-480. Also see Review of USA-USSR Interacademy Exchanges and Relations, Report of the National Academy of Sciences (Washington, D.C., 1977); and Yale Richmond, U.S. - Soviet Cultural Ex - changes 1958-1986: Who Wins? (Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1987). ... Loren Graham, Program on Science, Technology and Society, Room E51-128, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139. Russian-language films on the history of Russian and Soviet science can be purchased from Alexandre K. Surikov, President, All-Union Corporation 'Sovinfilm,' 20 Skatertny Per., Moscow 121069, USSR". This above data © 1989 by the History of Science Society, All rights reserved.

Acc. to http://www.fofweb.com/History/ and Carlisle, Rodney P. 'Ioffe, Abram Fedorovich.' - Encyclopedia of the Atomic Age. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2001.

Piotr Leonidovich Kapitsa - physicist, a researcher at low temperature physics.

Abram Fedorovich Joffe - physicist, moved to Munich, where he took a internship with Wilhelm Rontgen, he returned to St. Petersburg, was involved in nuclear physics and in the development of lasers.
Adam Gernet born on 7 August 1878 in Kiwidepah, Roethel, Laanermaa (Haapsalu), Estonia. An Adam von Gernet was involved in the study of magnetism; an infantry regiment in Dunaburg, escape across the German lines in March 1918, by John Hiden.

1912

Only five of airships had been built in Russia before 1914 and we exactly constructed (the fifth in order) to Russian Army in the plant of DEKA an airship named "Kobchik" type "Blimp" by S. A. Nemchenko as early as 1912 (with two engines 45 hp, and length 48 m; speed 50 km/h according to "Taschenbuch der Luftflotten", 1st Issue 1914, Vol. 1 "Airships" by F. Rasch and W. Hormel, published in Germany, worked out by Thomas Heinz http://www.internetelite.ru/aircrafts/airships.html; the picture from: http://info.dolgopa.org).

Airship i.e. an "aircraft that consists of a cigar-shaped gas bag, or envelope, filled with a lighter-than-air gas to provide lift, a propulsion system, a steering mechanism, and a gondola accommodating passengers, crew, and cargo. (...) NON-RIGID airships, now commonly known as blimps, are the most common type in use. The non-rigid airship has no frame and the envelope holds its shape due to the pressurized lifting gas inside." The DEKA company owned an infrastructure for airships i.e. a hangar, workshops and warehouses in St Petersburg before the First world war. War, revolution and civil war interrupted further development until 1920, when the Soviets built their first small blimp.

June, 1912: Vote of 150 aeroplanes (140 to be built at home); November, 1912: Military trials results: 1. Sikorsky in a "Sikorsky"; 2. HABER in a "M. Farman"; 3. Boutmy (BUTMI) in a "Nieuport". December, 1912: Aeronautical school re-organised; 15 pupils per school at a time - course made seven months. A one month course in aeroplanes, aerial motors, etc. Of the pupils, 10 to be selected for aeroplanes. New flying school established at Tashkent in TURKESTAN. Only in Army Aviation in March, 1913: new schools established at Moscow, Odessa and OMSK. At the end of 1913: the number of actual military pilots was 72. There was a special volunteer corps of about 36 private aviators; total to 108 in Russia. In Navy Aviation: July, 1912 - Lieut. ANDREADI, did a flight from Sevastopol to Petersburg.

About above S. A. Nemchenko.
In the spring of 1906 the Wright brothers offered to the Russian Minister of War a flying machine created by them. Russian military department did not respond to the letter, however, in 1908 sent to France, where the Wright brothers opened Aircraft Company 'Ariel', two officers of the Training Aeronautic Park: - N. I. Uteshev and S. A. Nemchenko. Russian officers have studied the American airplane and have made test flights as passengers and wrote a negative review. According to them, the airplane Flyer-III for military purposes was no good. Should pay attention to the achievements of other designers, especially the French. On August 24, 1908 a Petersburg newspaper 'New time' informed on the Chief Engineer's Office organized in autumn 1909 international competition of airplanes with award of 50 thousand rubles but a place of the aerodrome was also not selected.

1912

In 1912 JSC 'Deca' is participating in the tender for the construction of airships for the military departments of Russia. The airship was constructed in full conformity with technical specifications and tested in 1913. The experiment was considered successful and commercially viable, and in the same year was founded a specialized aviation workshop as a structural part of the company 'Deca'.

1914

1912 - 1913

In April 1913 DECA has entered into a cooperation agreement with the French radio company 'Societe francaise Radio-Electrique' (SFR) and became a branch of it in Russia.

'Radiolectric French Company' was one of the first radiotelegraphic companies, founded by Émile Girardeau in 1910

and it supported the production of the Radiola - radio receivers. 'Dyuflon and Konstantinowicz' has entered into a cooperation with 'Sautter, Harle and Co.' from Paris and also with a factory 'Gabriel and Anzeno' (Paul Lemonnier engineer, bacame a partner in the business of Sautter, at 26 Avenue Suffren in Paris 1867. Beginning in the 1860s Sautter started the study of the use of electricity. In 1869, Henri Harle who had married into the Dolfuss family, started as an engineer. In 1890 Henri Harle became a full partner in the firm, which was now known as Sautter Harle.

The company 'Societe Sautter, Harle et Cie' was founded in 1825 in Paris as a mechanical engineering company. 1907 began production of automobiles as the 'Sautter Harle'. 1908 the company was renamed in 'Harle et Cie'. 1912 ended production of cars. Three companies have manufactured lights on the coasts in France: F. Barbier et Fenestre, Sautter-Harle / Sautter et Lemonier and Lepaute, by 'planete-tp.com'. "In order to eliminate the jerks in release, Augustin Fresnel modified the blade regulator around 1826 with the aid of the clockmaker Lepaute, by incorporating a ball regulator". Acc. to: 'en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_submarine_Gymnote_(Q1)', "The Gymnote was one of the world's first all-electric submarines. Launched on 24 September 1888 ... by Gustave Zede ... and Arthur Krebs, who completed the project. For the Gymnote, Arthur Krebs developed the electric engine .... The motor proved so problematic that it was replaced with a smaller but more powerful Sautter-Harle motor". In Tallinn the construction of the rear lighthouse was planned already in 1832. The new lighthouse acquired a Fresnel device purchased from Sautter Harle & Co in Paris.

In late 1915, the company name was changed to the 'Anciens Etablissements Sautter-Harle'. The Company produced electrical equipment: searchlight / floodlight, generators, compressors and diesel engines. The Sautter Harlé at present has name the Alsthom Company).

They were working for Sautter - Harle / SAUTTER HARLE, founded in 1852:
Eugene Dejonc,
Émile Girardeau, born 1882, a French engineer, founder of the General Society of wireless telegraphy; 1910 he founded the radio - electric French Society SFR, in the field of radio - electricity and military telegraphy; 1915 he was assigned to education, in radio - electricity, flying officers.
Camille Charles Augustin Claudeville, b. 1868, adviser naval armament for Europe and South America, and co-operated with SAUTTER HARLE, founded in 1852, making lenticular lights, electric motors, turbo-generators and projectors.
Jean Rey / Jean-Alexandre REY b. 1861 in Lausanne / Lauzanne, Switzerland. His first wife Marie Sautter b. 1870, daughter of Louis Sautter - founder of LEMONNIER - HARLE and Co. with Paul LEMONNIER. After the death of Mary, Jean REY married another descendant of SAUTTER born VAN MUYDEN. Jean REY was the uncle of another Jean Rey b. 1902-1983, Belgian (member of the EEC Commission from 1958 to 1967 and President of the Commission from 1967 to 1970), acc. to: Christian LEVI ALVARES. Jean-Alexandre REY, the School of Mines as a foreign student 1883; 1885 he obtained French nationality as a descendant of French parents refugees in Switzerland because of religion; he received the degree 1 ranked 1886; led factories Sautter - Harle and for thirty years directing the technical work of the house Sautter - Harle (turbo - machinery); 1904 studied steam turbines; 1906 gas turbines; at thirty - five he was chief engineer of the Sautter - Harle Company; finally president of the trade association of electrical engineering, President of the French Society of Electricians - 1921. In 1901 he build an internal combustion engine generators for submarines. From 1888, he became interested in steam turbines and turbo - electric machines.

You remember that Louis François Clément Breguet / Louis Francois Clement Breguet was born on 22 December 1804 in Paris, work in the early days of telegraphy, educated in Switzerland; in 1870 Louis Francois Clement Breguet transferred the leadership of the Breguet company to Edward Brown; collaborated with Heinrich Ruhmkorff, George Daniels, Professor Thomas Engel and Alexander Graham Bell; he had one son Antoine b. 1851.

The Swiss Canton of Vaud was the area where the French-speaking family settled (Diserens or Dizeren). Among other things, it were the villages and towns: CLARENS located east from Lausanne, also Villette, Cully and Riex. Villette or Lavaux is located close to Lutry and Cully. All on east of Lutry and east of Lausanne / Lozano. Moreover, a settlements such as Corsier sur Vevey, L'Abbaye and Grandvaux. L'Abbaye, is a municipality in the canton of Vaud, Switzerland, town from where the Breguet family (Antoine b. 1851) came to Paris; around 30 km north - west of Lausanne. The DUFLON family 1745 - 1815 was living in Riex of the Vaud province / Vaud canton, Switzerland / Suisse.
Villeneuve is a municipality of the canton of Vaud in Switzerland, located ca 30 km east-south of Lausanne; the Duflon family gone from Lutry of 1852 and Neuchatel, in Paris 1801 - 1877 was living Louis Duflon; Duflon J.-F. was a landlord in Bouligneux in France west of Geneve. François / Françoise Duflon from Riex (Lavaux) and Villeneuve, was born in 1831 in La Tour-de-Peilz, where his father was a teacher. He attended the College of Vevey, where he was a professor; 1876 Lausanne, 1906 d'Ardon, south-east of Villeneuve. La Tour-de-Peilz east from Lausanne, close to Villeneuve, 15 km.

Michail Dobrowolski lived 1903 - 1907 in Lausanne.

In the spring of 1914 L. Bakst moved to Montreux in Switzerland. Sophia Klyachko came to stay with her brother and taking along all family.

Clarens is part of Montreux in Suisse, where the Duflon family was living. Anna Konstantynowicz nee Armand, wife of Apollon Konstantynowicz from Moscow, was here with her son, Evgenii Konstantinovich, probably since spring of 1914. She acted with Lenin (on 5 September 1914 Lenin moved to neutral Switzerland, residing first at Bern, then at Zürich; on 31 March 1917 "Fritz Platten obtained permission from the German Foreign Minister through his ambassador in Switzerland, Baron Gisbert von Romberg, for Lenin and other Russian exiles to travel through Germany to Russia in a sealed one-carriage train"; from Zurich, Gottmadingen, Singen, Frankfurt and Berlin to Sassnitz, Trelleborg, in Sweden to Stockholm, at the Finland Station in Petrograd) and Inessa Armand, her friend. Anna Konstantynowicz back to Petersburg (Piotrogrod) with Lenin, Krupska and Inessa Armand in April 1917.

Sophia Klyachko met in Montreux (Clarens?) Yevgeny Constantinowitz / Eugeniusz Konstantynowicz son of Apollon Konstantynowicz from Moscow. 1914 all relocated to Geneve to Diaghilev; the company after (1914 / 1915 to 1920) moved to Lausanne, but Bakst removed to Paris, soon. The Klyachko family in spring of 1920 came to Paris; in Meudon is now a museum of Bakst.

The Ramseyer family from Neuchâtel, close to border on France, and from St-Aubin-Sauges north of Lausanne, Grindlachen, Bern in Switzerland; from Siebnen and Steffisburg north-east of Lousanne, and Tavannes north of Neuchatel.

Adolphe Jean Édouard WIDMER, CEO of the Society of Electrical Constructions Breguet - Sautter - Harle, married in 1930 to Jacqueline HARLÉ Lucy b. 1905, parents Frederick Augustus 'Henri' HARLÉ 1875-1961 and Jeanny Alice Lily KAMPMANN b. 1881.

Note at margin:
Jean Alexandre REY b. 1861 in Lausanne / Lauzanne, Switzerland. His first wife Marie Sautter b. 1870, daughter of Louis Sautter who was founder of the LEMONNIER - HARLE and Co.
Ambroise Samuel Joseph Rodolphe REY / Rodolphe REY, born 1866 in GENEVE, Suisse acc. to: http://gw.geneanet.org/garric?lang=en&p=rodolphe&n=rey, his parents: William REY 1821 - 1888 Professeur and Clothilde BOUVIER 1828 - 1911; Rodolphe REY married in 1892 in GENEVE to Françoise Jeanne Gabrielle BOUVIER b. 1866 from Ami Auguste Oscar BOUVIER and Louise Julie Marguerite MONOD b. 1832; siblings: Barthélémy REY, banquier b. 1858, m. 1888 in PARIS to Lucie MATTER; Jean REY, Ingénieur des Mines b. 1861, m. 1893 PARIS to Marie SAUTTER 1870 - 1895 and married in 1897 in LAUSANNE to Emma VAN MUYDEN b. 1870.
Father of above Jean Rey: William REY, Professeur b. 1821 in GENEVE, d. 1888 in CLARENS in Suisse, married 1856 in CÉLIGNY to Clothilde BOUVIER.
CLARENS - east from Lausanne, close to Montreux, Blonay and Vevey and 15 km east of Cully, 20 km east of Lutry. Clarens is a village in the canton of Vaud, in Switzerland. 1888 family Rey lived here and also: Igor Stravinsky 1878, Tchaikovsky, Paul Kruger, anarchist Élisée Reclus, the Duflon family and Nabokov.
Élisée Reclus b. 1830, known as Jacques Élisée Reclus, was a renowned French geographer, writer and anarchist; in January 1872 banishment from France. After a short visit to Italy, Reclus settled at Clarens, Switzerland, where he resumed his literary labours. In 1882, Reclus initiated the Anti-Marriage Movement / International Association, of which "Reclus and Peter Kropotkin were the two chief organizers. Kropotkin was arrested and condemned to five years' imprisonment, but Reclus escaped punishment as he remained in Switzerland. In 1894, Reclus was appointed chair of comparative geography at the University of Brussels", acc. to Wikipedia.

CÉLIGNY - on way from Geneve to Lausanne.
More inf. see: Christian LEVI ALVARES (Quatre siecles d'ascendance protestante: les 512 quartiers de Micheline Bruneton, ed. Jerusalem: AHVA, 1981).

Electric lighting has come into use in Russia in 1880s. In the end, the concession for the construction of the first power plant in Ufa and Ufa province was signed in 1896 by a specialist of the companies: 'Dyuflon and Konstantynowicz' from St. Petersburg and the 'Sautter, Harle and Co.' from Paris, engineer Nikolai Vladimirovich Konshin / Владимирович Коншин. Construction of the city's first power plant taken about two years, on 01 February 1898 it gave a light. The city council had to pay for it to the owner 275 thousand rubles. In July 1918 to October 1918 Konshin went through terrible ordeals, he was among the 98 hostages of Ufa. He was alive in the early 1920s.
His father probably Konshin Vladimir Nikolaevich born ?, member of the Board of the South - Eastern Railway Society and the Rybinsk Railway. Above Konshin Nikolai V. born ?, was working for the Prince of Oldenburg for the exploration of manganese around Trebizond 1887 - 1888, a member of the South Ussuri Expedition 1888 - 1890 and for the exploration of coal in the Semipalatinsk region 1890, in the Urals from 1891, built at his own expense the first power plant in Ufa 1898.

The Minsk City Council on June 28, 1894 decided on the introduction of electric lighting and the Town Council concluded an agreement with the Dyuflon and Konstantynowicz Company. According to the agreement a power station and the city's network lighting should be equipped with a steam boiler of Fiiner Gamper / Hamper from Sosnowiec, Westinghouse steam engine system, dynamos of the Baltic electric plant in Riga, lightbulbs of the Gabriel and Anzheno / Angeno Comp. from Paris, and electric bulbs of Harle factory.

On January 12, 1895 in Minsk, the first city power station started. In 1899 the plant was named 'Elvod', Minsk became the fourth city after Moscow, St. Petersburg and Kiev, where began to use electrical networks.

On the Pärnu history and power stations and electrical networks in Estonia:
One hundred years ago in Parnu earned powerhouse. "The first power that earned in 1907, on the right bank of the Pärnu River , has not survived. Its capacity was inadequate and just four years later had to build a new power plant. This building still stands today...". "It is particularly interesting that once held two submarine cable across the river Pärnu, as the network of street lighting was on one side, and the power plant - on the other".
1915, the commandant of the city Rodzyanko gave the order to blow up a number of industries and power station, too. In Estonia, the use of electricity began in 1882 at the Manufactory of Kreenholm, but the first public power - 108 or 100 kW and 220 V - launched November 2, 1907 in Pärnu. The first industrial power plant was built at the Kunda cement factory in 1893.

Kotri Hangelaid or Gottfried Hacker or Hakker b. 1887 d. 1961 in Germany, graduated from Wismar Polytechnical School as certified engineer, 1913 lived in LEHOLA.
Designed and built Estonian first electric power plant to Aru bog, on rented land from Kunda manor and the first high-voltage line 15 kV between different areas, which on 18 Oct. 1918 brought electricity to Rakvere. 1919 - 1939 was living in Tallinn. 1939 emigrated to Germany.

Kunda in Kirchspiel Maholm, Viru-Nigula Parish in Virumaa County, at present the Kunda Municipality in Lääne-Virumaa County. Viru-Nigula Parish - 25 km east-north of Rakvere, 13 km south-east of Kunda. "At the end of 1860s the owner of Kunda Manor John Girard de Soucanton became interested in the possibility of producing cement. Since 1893 steam engines were used for mining raw material, and a hydroelectric power station was completed at the same time (the first in all Estonia)". Gustav John Edmund Baron Girard de Soucanton, from Selgs b. 1863 in Kunda. His wife Sophie Eleonore (Ellinor) Girard de Soucanton (von Rosenbach). His grandfather from Reval, Johann Carl Baron Girard de Soucanton b. 1785. The Girard family was originally from the French countryside Languedoc - Roussillon.

Bliebernicht Johann Eduard began producing beer in 1869. He was bought in Pärnu a mechanical plant. In 1910 introduced the first electric motors.

1899 founded in Tallinn, electric motors and generators manufacturing factory 'Volta'. The first power plant was built in factories, for example in Narva, Kunda cement factory, a train factory in Tallinn, Pärnu in 1907. Followed by Tartu, Viljandi, Valga and Vőru city. In 1907 the first public power station was opened in Estonia and Pärnu was the first city in the whole of Russia, where the streets had light bulbs. The generator operated the steam engine and the electric went to city street lighting. The Pärnu plant was ready in 1907; because it would have been cheaper to use coal to heat the plant, in 1910 this plant has been rebuilt and expanded.

In Viljandi in 1900 'Viljandi Telephone Company' started; A. Rosenberg houses had got electric light in 1902 from a power station commissioned by Volta factory. In 1910 the 'Inthal & Co.' power station to get electric lights downtown businesses, the first permanent cinema and residential houses in Viljandi. 1912 the city constructed a new power plant.

On the Hacker or Hakker family from Estonia:
Hacker / Hakker / Kotri Hangelaid or Gottfried Hacker or Hakker b. 1887 d. 1961; his son Gert Hacker / Hangelaid; his brother Hugo Wilhelm Eduard Hacker b. 1884; his father Wilhelm Hacker b. 1852, grandfather (Szymon) Siim Hacker b. 1817. About above named Gottfried Hacker or Hakker: engineer, Wismar Polytechnic 1909 - 1913, Lehola / Leola 1913, Kunda 1918.
Gottfried Hacker or Hakker was living in Harjumaa, Lehola / Leola in 1913.
About above Siim Hacker b. 1817; his sons: Constantin Johann Hacker b. 1859 d. on February 28, 1926 in Keila - Keila town is 5 km north-east of Lehola, Harju County, and Keila is west of Saku; Gustav Hacker b. 1854 Hiiumaa - island, west of Haapsalu, died on September 28, 1917 in Tallinn, Harjumaa (his daughter Olga-Pauline Hacker b. 1876 d. 1877).

Lehola:
here was born in 1740 Christian Wilhelm / Христиан Вильгельм Гернет died ca 1819, born in Lehhola / Lehola as above, Estonia - and his sons:
1. Hans Moritz von Gernet born 1775 died 1860 (his son Adam Oskar von Gernet 1834 in Reval - 1908 in Reval - and his son: Moritz Nikolai Oswald von Gernet born 1867 Sallenstad - d. ?) and 2. Otto Heinrich von Gernet (1780 Reval - 1848) and 3. Frederick Wilhelm / Fridrich Wilhelm / Фридрих Вильгельм Гернет born 1783 died 1857; and next son born in 1747 Karl Gustaw von Gernet / Карл Густав Гернет (Carl Gustav von Gernet born in Waikna and died 1812 in Lehhola / Lehola, Estonia with son Karl Iogann / Carl Iohan von Gernet - Waikna / Vaikna that is support manor of Koluvere manor, Kullamaa Parish in Läänemaa County; 38 km east of Haapsalu and also east of Kiideva, north-west-north of Parnu, 70 km circa.
Sophia nee Armand was the daughter of Ivan Armand from his second marriage and was born c. 1830, she was granddaughter of Paul that is Pavel. She married a Swede from Estonia - Joseph Hekke (Hacker or Hakker among others from Lehola) about 1850. No data about this Swede but this family gone from Estland / Eesti / Estonia. From this marriage was the oldest Maria Osipovna that is daughter of Osip / Joseph. She was born about 1851. The second child was 12 years later, and was born about 1863 - Sophia Osipovna. And about 1864 Alexandr son. When their parents died c. 1866, a guardian was appointed - uncle Evgeny 'second'. He put children in his office in the Old Square and Evgeny hired a governess for the children about 1867.
Evgeny second / Eugene-Louis Armand was b. 1809 and died 1890, was a son of Jean Armand / Ivan Armand and his first wife Elizabeth Osipovna (born 1788, died 1817) called Sabina, and the second wife was Marie Barbe, born Kolinon (1780 - 1872) who had a daughter Sophia, later married a Swede, Osip Hecke / Hekke / Joseph Hekke (Hacker or Hakker from Estonia, but roots from Sweden or Sverige?!) about 1850. The COLLIGNON family in France was living in Lorraine 1835 (Meuse), Ile-de-France 1725, and in Russia 1858, in St Petersburg.

In 1912 released the first high-frequency machine for wireless telegraphy and telephony by Duflon and Konstantynowicz Company.

When the First World War broke out, JSC 'Deca' has received a loan to expand aircraft production under the production of airplanes and engines, from domestic materials. But space, material and manpower resources to carry out new plans in the Russian capital was not enough, and we had to consider options for building a new plant in the province. Among them was a small town Aleksandrovsk in Ekaterinoslav province (Copyright 2006 - 2011 by 'Science & Technology', No 10 (53), 2010).

The third company in Russia in terms of the electronic products supply.

We manufactured an electrical accessory and magnetos for aero engines in the beginning of the First world war. A Swiss / French share (since 1904) of DEKA Joint Stock Society with brand name "Duflon" in St Petersburg manufactured electric accessory for naval fleet of Russian army, but also for other defensive enterprises. The Russian - Japanese war in 1904 - 05 and the First world war were with the best years, according to http://konkretno.ru/ and shareholders had taken up the advantage of this prosperity. Total employees rose over 3 times only in "Duflon" proper in heyday 1914 - 1916, and the production - 6 times. The factory manufactured radio sets and broadcasting stations (see about the Boncz Brujewicz family), engines for automobiles and for planes. The "Duflon" had opened a branch in Aleksandrovsk / Zaporozhye that later on manufactured the "Zaporozhets" cars in "Zaporozhskiy Avtomobilnyi Zavod" (Auto Works of Zaporozhye in Ukraine)!

1915

DEKA JSC in December 1915 bought buildings and equipment in a town Aleksandrovsk in order to changeover of activity.

During the First World War the firm DECA was one of the best electrical companies in the country, was equipped with American equipment and have trained engineers, technicians and production staff. For 1914 - 1917 value of the new equipment has increased from 473 thousand to 2.5 million rubles; in 1897 one ruble = 0.774 grams gold.

The monthly production volume in July 1914 to December 1916 increased by 6 times.

On 24 October 1917 value belonging to the plant property, plant and equipment was estimated at 5.5 million rubles.

To 1917 plant was a wide-venture and had 6 major divisions: the ship and shore-based tower systems, searchlight, aviation, mechanical, magneto and telegraph technology, in which there were 17 workshops (a searchlight or spotlight is an apparatus that combines a bright light source with some form of curved reflector or other optics to project a powerful beam of light ... By 1907 it was using to assist attacks against torpedo boats, enemy ships at greater distances, were also used by battleships and were installed on many coastal artillery batteries).

DECA paid good dividends on the market in 1913: 500-ruble share of the Company was assessed at the St. Petersburg Stock Exchange at 850 rubles.

The capital of 750 thousand rubles as 1500 registered shares by 500 rubles, only in 1903 had given net profit totaled 62.1 thousand rubles. In 1913, fixed capital - 1.5 mln rubles, that is 1500 shares at 500 rubles and 7500 shares at 100 rubles; balance - 4.181.995 rubles; dividend - 12 % per share for 500 rubles and 3 rubles 12 kopeek per share for 100 rubles.

From June 1901 to October 1917 Joint-stock company 'Deca' has received about 3.5 million rubles net profit.

In June 1918 the company was nationalized. 'Dyuflon and Konstantynowicz' in Petersburg - the number of workers in 1900 - 1910 year: 170 and in 1911 - 1917: 250 or in January 1905 - 179 workers; in January 1914 - 240; 1917 - more than 820. The factory produced an electro-mechanical equipment for the Navy of Russia.
Around the same time, i.e. in the summer of 1915, Joint Stock Company 'Duflon, Konstantynowicz & Co.' (or 'Deca') offered an airplane with a bullet with 'a four-sided feathers'. The bullet was cast from solid lead alloy, the stabilizer was made of tin. Bullets 'with feathers sided' with the other models under the guidance of Professor Zhukovsky were purged in the aerodynamic laboratory of the Imperial Moscow Technical School and received the highest rating-known scientist. The bullet 'Deka' or 'DK' has the best aerodynamic performance. In the end, that since the end of 1915 the company 'Syromyatnikov, Ovchinnikov, Shatsky & Co.' and JSC 'Duflon, Konstantynowicz & Co.' became the main suppliers of such weapons for the Russian Army, launching a large-scale enterprises in their production. Bullets, 'DK' have been designed so well that no change had existed prior to the 20s of the 20th cent., survived war and civil war. The tests took place in this time showed complete failure of an engineer V. V. Dybovsky / W. Dybowski design of bullets and a bullets from foundry of E. E. Novitsky / E. Nowicki.

Copyright by http://www.nt-magazine.ru/nt/node/7009 and 'НиТ' / 'Nauka i Technika', 8 (75), 2012 by Мороз С. Г. / Moroz S. G.

"...Our magazine printed articles about the world's first heavy bomber 'Ilya Muromets'. ... more recently the editors received archival documents that shown new light on some of the events of World War I on the unique heavy airplane of Sikorsky and enterprises of JSC 'Motor Sich', which was called in those days 'Dyuflon, Konstantynowicz and Co. / Дюфлон, Константинович...', or abbreviated DECA. These materials have been provided courtesy of the Museum of the plant 'Motor Sich'... Such opportunities have factory 'Dyuflon, Konstantynowicz and Co.'. By the time the plant passed the reorganization and was named 'Company of electromechanical structures', but the old mark of DECA continued to be used, as has been widely known for about twenty years. Its managing director Peter P. Azbelev signed on September 9, 1915 contract with the military-technical management, taking the following commitments:
'1. Reference samples ... and the exact basis of general conditions and the annexed lists, and specifications that will be subsequently given to the Company by the Chief Military-technical management, manufacture and deliver ... a) one hundred types of Benz motors 150 HP at 16,200 rubles for the motor, and b) one hundred sets of spare parts for 1,570 rubles per set, and c) twenty additional kits to them / 12 / 15.250 per set, and d) twenty five engines like Mercedes 100-150 HP at 11,340 rubles for the engine, and e) twenty five complete sets of spare parts in 1500 per set, and e) five additional sets to them 14,000 rubles per set, and the total amount of two million four hundred and seventy three thousand (2.473.000) rubles.
2) Testing of engines produced by the supplier according to the rules that will be given to the public by the Office.
3) The company shall manufacture the aforesaid engines and spare parts for Russian factories and present at the factories for inspection and examination of the selection committee: motors of 150 HP, the first five engines and five sets of spare parts and an extra set of spare parts after ten months of the issuance to the Company of the sample, while the remaining 150 HP engines and sets of spare parts for them ... in the next delivery for the first eight months (and) the last month of 11 motors and 14 sets of spare parts. Engines Mercedes by the 100-105 HP - the first one motor, a spare parts kit and one extra set of spare parts in ten months from the date the sample ...
4) On receipt of engines and spare parts supplier undertakes at its own expense sealing and delivering them to the central warehouse near by the aeronautical school, or at one of the railway stations in Petrograd as directed by the Engineering Department, as well as to send them - if you need - to (at no extra cost to the Treasury) - on the proposals of the military department - a place as directed by the Engineering Department...'.

The contract was signed from the War Department by the head of the Technical Department, Major General GVTU Bolotov.
Company Dyuflon and Konstantinovich possessed relatively large and well-equipped production facilities, in addition having major plants in St. Petersburg and Moscow, and several more branches in major provincial centers of the Russian Empire, but they were loaded with military production, and had no opportunity to place another order ... requiring the development of two new products. In search of the site for the new production ..., called attention to the company of brothers Moznaim in Alexandrovsk in Ukraine (now a city of Zaporozhye). His owners could not find the military orders... Case the brothers were not going well ... and soon the plant changed owner. On the organization a motor branch of 'Dyuflon and Konstantynowicz' in Alexandrovsk and the modernization of the company told the 'S & T' / 'Nauka i Technika' number of January 2011 ... We remind the reader only two dates in the history of the company in December 1915 signed a bill of sale, and in April 1916, had already been built new production buildings with modern - purchased in the U.S. and delivered through Archangel and Vladivostok - equipment. Next were built and other buildings, as well as construction, the specifics of which was related to the future profile of the company. ... began testing station, a large building with a spacious stand, necessary utilities, electric lighting and ventilation. Following the expansion of the plant is the largest enterprise in Russia ... and one of the best equipment ...
The first five-row six-cylinder engines, 'DECA' M-100 with parts and an additional set had to pass by the end of August 1916. It was very difficult: the German construction 'did not fit' with either adopted our technology ... or with the ... Russian and American machines. It was necessary to understand the materials used by German designer and pick up a replacement of domestic production ... the effort to 'adapt' engine 'Mercedes' to our manufacturing taken engineer Vorobyov, and the development of more powerful 'Benz' ... engineer Kireev. ... but the first step has been taken - and in August 1916 the motor 'DECA' M-100 was presented to the control tests. Major General Pniewski reported in St. Petersburg: '...the first engine made entirely of Russian materials, was set in motion and gave satisfactory results'. The plant began to implement the agreement in full. So, the issue of engines was started.
And although by the time the Office of Air Force managed to establish some order to force manufacturers to make this airplane, according to their calculation, the production of the aircraft has failed. And in the following events in 1917, ... you can not find the information in the documents on what engines from Alexandrovsk were to installed to particular variety of aircraft "Ilya Muromets". ... In addition, the well-known book of V. B. Shavrov 'History of aircraft design in the USSR until 1938', states that the motor 'deka' (in the book it is called the M-101) was installed on the aircraft, 'Lebed XI'.
In 1917 began the turbulent events ... All year management and staff of the Alexandrov factory DEKA did everything possible to continue production of engines and save the company ... but 'Company' could no longer exist (after November 1917) in the same form and on December 24, 1917 the company was terminated / adjourned. Although less than a month, the Soviet government decree that plant was nationalized (January 1918), the Company under the circumstances was unable to work...".

1916 - 1917

The Deka built up the military manufactory of aeroengines in a town Aleksandrovsk (i.e. in Zaporozh'e either Zaporoze or Zaporizhzhya / Zaporozhye) in 1916. The Stavka (Supreme High Command of the Russian Military) and Russian military intelligence was interested in such experimental production with advanced technology in actuality and this headquarters laid down actual line of research into the Deka mechanical powers for aircraft, e.g. general P. W. Pniewski ordered to enforce norms of special steel for aeroengines in Petrograd at the end of 1916.
The "Main war - technical board" under W. A. Semkowski concluded a big contract with joint stock company of electrical firms (i.e. particular, separate businesses from Duflon / Dyuflon, Konstantynowicz and Co. abbreviated as DEKA) from Petrograd on 01 February 1916 in order to construct in the plant of DEKA two experimental aircrafts of professor Gheorghe Botezat by 01 or 20 October 1917 (with aeroengine "Renault" and with a gyroscope - wheel which, when spinning fast, keeps steady the object in which it is fixed - the first automatic pilot) but the professor has been gone abroad earlier.
The stock society DEKA received twice considerable government subsidies on research & development in 1916 but the magnetos to aero engines produced here continuously in co-operation with the Petrograd Polytechnic Institute (magneto i.e. electric apparatus for producing sparks in the ignition system of an internal combustion engine). And it was soon built the section of aero engines in Zaporozhye = Zaporizhzhya under the general chief N. R. Brilling; an area of the factory had got 39 millions m² according to "History of building airplanes in the USSR" by B. V. Shavrov of 1985. In 1915, 'Deca' bought the plant of Moznaimov brothers and rebuild it under the issue of internal combustion engines and in particular - aviation; the first contract with the Government for an engine type '100' and 20 engines type Benz - Mercedes. The Mersedes (i.e. Mercedes) aero engines manufactured here in the second half of 1916 and expected 10 - 15 engines monthly (e.g. the Mercedes - type 100 hp from DEKA factory and "Deka M-100" in Zaporozh'e as early as 28 September 1916, at a later date DEKA 166/168/170 hp and it were produced here ten aero engines DEKA 129 hp with six cylinders monthly in the end of 1916, and DEKA M-170 hp in 1917; extra the "Benz" and "Mercedes" aero engines manufactured here also in 1917; the DEKA Company learned production of the piston engines since September 1916: M-6, M-11, M-22, M-85, M-86, M-87, M-88, Ash-87FN, Ash-62JR, often superior and better than foreign engines).
Major General Pniewski said in parliament about the DEKA company in November 1916: "This is the first aeroengine as a whole from the Russian materials of experimental line of 5 pieces by 100 hp". The day of complete success - DEKA M-100, the first Russian six-cylinder water cooled engine constructed on 15 / 28 September 1916. This date can be regarded as the birthday of Russian domestic air industry; before 1916 Russia only imported aircraft engines.

So incompetent paralleled researches into the Mercedes engines conducted Anthony Fokker in Germany who was from Holland and Heinrich Focke b. 1890. About details and photos of the MERCEDES aviation engines or on the Mercedes-Daimler Motorengesellschaft from Stuttgart-Unterturkheim, see: "Jane's fighting Aircraft of World War I", by John W. R. Taylor, England 1919 and London 1990 ("Studio Editions").

The War Department wants to procure large quantities an airplane's bullets and even in 1917 our Joint-stock company 'Deka' was commissioned 400 thousand 'bullets, to shoot from airplanes' but the plant in July passed this order the army.

At present in 2007 "LSR Group planned to open 3 new first class business-centers. Electric City business centre of 340 thousand square metres was designed by architects Sergey Choban and Evgeny Gerasimov in 10, Medikov Prospect in St Petersburg, in the historic building of 'Duflon, Konstantinovich and Co' plant - 'Electric plant'. ... LSR Group founded in 1993, LSR Group is one of the leading real estate development, construction and building materials companies in Russia".

I will take pains to collect information on all and somebody who reads need to know about. You don't need to thank me; I'm happy to help whenever I can. I think that we are all agreed in this matter, and therefore there needs no more words about it..

'Omsk Engine-Building Production Association' originates from the plant in Alexandrovsk / Zaporizhia, a joint stock company 'Deka' and produces aviation piston engines of foreign models. Was restored in 1920.

Igor I. Sikorsky (or Sikorski) born 1889, he spent three years at the Naval College in St. Petersburg 1903 - 1906; Sikorsky's success helped win him a job as head of the airplane division of the Russian Baltic Railroad Car Works in Petersburg 1912 - 1917, that is where he developed his first major new airplane design. The R-BVZ manufactured trains, airplanes, engines and automobiles, and it was run by M. W. Szydlowski, who had insight into the importance of aviation's future; the engineering and technical staff at the R-BVZ was expanded by Sikorsky who brought many of them along with him from Kiev; the first airplane built by Sikorsky and his staff at the R-BVZ was the S-6B which was a modified version of the S-6A (by Carl Bobrow - this quotation without the Author's written permission). In 1920 a business - company of 'Sikorsky - Ukraine', was half of state company, started to operate.

Education and information - author Konstantynowicz Bogdan.
Дюфлон, Константинович и Ко. ДЕКА

Dyuflon / Duflon / Dufflon, Konstantynowicz & Co.

Company of the Electromechanical Factories of Constructions

Education and information - author Konstantynowicz Bogdan. Дюфлон, Константинович и Ко. ДЕКА

Dyuflon / Duflon / Dufflon, Konstantynowicz & Co.

Company of the Electromechanical Factories of Constructions

Education and information - author Konstantynowicz Bogdan.
Дюфлон, Константинович и Ко. ДЕКА