Miezonka
noble locality
Мяжонка Межонка Miezonki Miezhonki Meshonka
Photos © Аляксей Мацеша / Alyaxej Matcesha / Ales Matsesha / Alexey Matesha on http://vk.com/ales_matsesha
in 2012
ales89@tut.by

Konstantynowicz Bogdan: family - genealogy - origin - ancestry - history - biography. Part five.

History Of Secret Societies: Knights Templar and Illuminati. HISTORY OF SECRET SOCIETIES: Templars, Illuminati, and Freemasons. The Order of the Illuminati: Its Origins, Its Methods and Its Influence.


My research concerns many state intelligence networks created in the first half of the 18th century.

Initially it was a global political network of the Russian intelligence infiltrated by the British [1791], French [from the 40s of the 18th century] and Germans [1769/1776], and by the Polish independence conspiracy [was established 1792/1799] starting from a years 1870/1878.


Named Meshonka: here lived Antoni (the first son of Dominik derived Starostwo Szamowo / Szamow oraz Berezetnia i Niesterewo w 2 pol. 17 wieku i na pocz. 18 wieku do Konstantynowiczow. Copyright by http://download.maps.vlasenko.net/smtm100/n-36-063.jpg from area of Krycau - the first two maps depict the area on the eastern border of the former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the Mscislaw area, where the Konstantynowicz family had possessions in the 17th and 18th centuries, and from where moved to Miezonka - and verified noble descent in the Hrodna government 1861) and his son Stanislav Konstantynowicz (born c. 1855) with wife Anna nee Malkiewicz (Malkevicius of Tarnawa arms and others, mainly in districts of Panevezys and Siauliai) came from the Dryssa ujezd (= the Werchnedwinsk district; the place Asveja) in the Government of Vicebsk;  she was near related to the families Brzezinski / BĹľezinskis (Konstancja BĹľezinskis / Brzezinski), Ostrowski  (from Piotr Ostrowski de Kaki in 1697; 1760 by the Czerowacz lake in Livonia) and Filipowicz (Pilipavicius or  Pilipaitis with Pobog  and Prawdzic coat of arms verified the armorial bearings in Vilna 1821: Jozef, Mateusz, Michal, Antoni, Szymon, Izydor, Benedykt and  Joachim); Obszar wokol Mscislawia i Krzyczewa oraz na wsch. od Mscislawia w strone Soino: w 17 wieku, 18 wieku i 1 pol. 19 wieku Konstantynowicze. Copyright by  Мстиславль   http://mapn36.narod.ru/map2/N-36-14.jpgfamily of my grandfather had Georgians next of kin. 

Miezonka 

was situated in the Ihumen district (in the GOVERNMENT OF MINSK, the parish of BERAZINO or BERESINO, the  POHOST or Pogost region = Pogostskaya "volost" that is similar to county; PRECINCT BERAZINO = Uchastok No 2: Uyrevichskaya,  Pogostskaya and the Belichanskaya volost; in fourth military constabulary) near to villages Duleba or Duleby by the  Olsa river and Druczany - inheritance of Korsak family. In the small noble locality Druczany  was the poor nobility, too and they spoke Belorussian to themselves every day. In the village  Duleba lived mainly persons with Cedryk surname (1881). Florian Czarnyszewicz, Nadberezynscy, wydanie 1942 Buenos Aires Besides close by villages: Iglica,  Borowic(a), Zapole, Jagodka (Small Berry), Maczeski and Teresin. 

The residents in this Polish noble locality at the beginning of the 20th cent.

- Umecki 

- Tumilowicz (Miezonka and neighbourhood) Jan and Florian sons of Jozef, Leon and Piotr sons of Foma, Wasyl and Felicjan sons of Ilin,  Jakub and Maciej sons  of Wincenty and others; close to Dzierzynski family (brother of Felix); one of them Boleslav worked at the Monitz factory, was born c. 1901 in Miezonka number 9, he had two sisters and brother Bronislav, nowadays in Poland

- Bronowicki 

- madam Zaleski 

- Barszczewski (Adam the son of Wincenty and Jan the son of this Adam

- Soroko (= Soroka

- Konstantynowicz 

- Szostak, from this family was colonel of armoured weapon Stanislav / Stanislaw

The Konstantinovich family since 1842 in Miezonka; houses on a hill before 1850. Copyright by http://iberezino.ru/  

Szostak, person of the same age what my grandfather, defender of the  Winter Palace 1917; Szostak or Sastakas with the Dabrowa (i.e. "Oak  forest" - a first Michal Szostak near by Kolno) and Swan coats of arms (in the  Vilna province with Swan arms - baptized Tartars); Antoni Szostak in the Lida area in 1764: they verified the own coat of arms in Minsk,  Vicebsk (from Hrehory Szostak in the Polack province - Zarzecenice estate here in 1700, and also Lutowo inheritance called Sachnowszczyzna, Vielidzicze or  Wieliszkowicze and Bereszevo in the Vicebsk province; verified on 17.08.1835; the Hrodna and Vilna branches from them), Hrodna and Vilna (verified in 1835; they  were from the Svencionys district i.e. "Behind Vilija"); the Szostak house in the Dzisna district was related to the Arcimowicz family with Plavski  nickname from the Braslau district 

- Witkowski (= Vitovsky in 1860; among others: Antoni and Wincenty, the sons of Mikolaj, and also Jan who was son of Franciszek, in period of the January  Insurrection 1863 - 64)  

- Malkiewicz - information of 1958 according to Narcyz Soroko from Siberia; they had relatives in the Paluse estate i.e. Pluszcze, and  also Mrs Izabella Horodecki - Malkiewicz i.e. Izabela Horodecki was from them; daughter of Genowefa Werakso from Minsk and Wladyslaw Malkiewicz; great grand-daughter of Wiktor Waraksa / Weraksa b. circa 1820 son of Jan. She was famous for activity during the Second world war in Warsaw; was born in Moscow on 01 May 1908

- Zbieranowski, one from them, Mr. Alexander Zbieranowski was convicted during "shahtynski" lawsuit of 1928 - he was radio  engineer and the specialist of valves, educated at the polytechnic of Berlin (the foremost expert in valves in the tsarist Russia was a certain Boncz -  Brujewicz); other - Vladyslav Zbieranowski who was messenger of the Polish Military Organization in the district of Babrujsk A.D.  1918 

- Huszcza; the families Huszcza (Guscis or Gustis with Horseshoe and Puchala coats of arms) and Tumilowicz that is rural "badger nobility", the Polish strongly. The Borsuki village (Badgers) is situated 15 km north - east from Miezonka, according to M. K. Pavlikovski who described history of  Ipohorski - Irtenski family from the Berazino parish (in Backov, 3 km from the Berezina river); sons of Jerzy: Kazimierz, Hilary, Aleksander,  Julian  and  Maciej Huszcza; peers of this Jerzy: Jan Huszcza, Semen, Fiodor and Kondrat Huszcza in the period of the January Insurrection.  The Huszcza  family derived from the province of Polack and an area of Mahileu. They verified the noble descent in Minsk  of 1825 (Dominik,  Teodor, Tadeusz,  Maciej, Stefan, Wincenty Tomasz, Franciszek and Kazimierz). 

Estonia: Balachowicz, Constantinovich / Konstantinovich, Trubetzkoy / Troubetskoy / Trubecki, Dadiani, Dunkel, von Krauze / Krause, Gernet, Toll, Rehbinder / Rebinder, Croy - the Baltic German nobility. История фамилии Константинович - генеалогия семьи.

I search for all information about the village MIEZONKA / Мяжонка / Меженка where my grandfather was born on 23 April 1898 either 1897 or 23 April 1900; Belarus now, the Bjalynicy (= Belynichi) region in the Mahileu (= the Mogilev province) "oblast"; the village is situated among grand forest and southwards was big marsh - Miezonka was at a territory of enormous estates the Radziwilles before A.D. 1840; 

the Combat Organization

Miezonka podczas 2 wojny swiatowej. Okolo 1941 roku. Widac kaplice katolicka. The German map of 1941 / 1943  

of the Polish Socialist Party conducted a contraband of weapon from Russia to Austria -  Hungary at the beginning of the 20th century keeping in touch with Josef Pilsudski (b. 1867) and that track led out of  Petersburg among other things across Miezonka and Lodz (the Tuvim street) in the direction to Galicia; a family of  ANDRZEJAK from Lodz involved in this activity occupied quarters in Miezonka (among other things) all over the first World War and thus they became technolators of aviation and the basis of the amateurish movement of aviation sports in Lodz after 1920. 

The Polish school of Berazino precinct was here in 1918 under German occupation 

Andrej M. K. Mikalajeu-Paszkiewicz wrote about Hajduk Sloboda village, acc.to: Zdzislaw J. Winnicki, "Kojdanowsko-Polski Rejon Narodowosciowy w BSSR. Uwagi o genezie oraz przeslankach funkcjonowania. Stan badan problematyki."

(others Polish schools in this constabulary in 1918 with following of the Germans: Cerven, Poticzolo near to Cerven, Pieczyszcze, Tadulicze and Stara Droga near to Ljady, Malinnik and Nowinki near to Chutar, Raczyborek and Wysoka Gora near to Bahusevicy, Berazino, Wiazyczyn, Ravanicy, Bieliszczany, Bryjelow and Hajduk Sloboda - NW of Berazino, Rubiez, Studzienka and Wasilewszczyzna - the east of Berazino, Zukowiec by Bjarezina = the Berezyna river);  

farm - houses in Borovina and Miezonka estates were burned down and sequestered by the Soviets in the second half of  November 1918 (Lenin in agreement with Germany occupied Belarus since 14.11.1918) and many perished. Displacement at Ural  and Siberia (the governments of Perm and Omsk) from here in winter 1928/29 and 1937 - 1951.

With the webpage http://forum.globus.tut.by/viewtopic.php?p=35022&sid=343fd246deccd9f80daed406026c54e3 you can look at new photos of our Miezonka village and here 'alexBel' was writing:
'Mezhonka. At the local cemetery are ruins of the base of a church, the church itself was demolished in 1930. The Catholic cemetery has about 200 years (according to local), on it a lot of old monuments with inscriptions in Polish. An interesting story that we told the local granny: "After the revolution began mass repressions against Poles living in the country; Catholics, some exiled, others have time to run home. Immediately after the church was destroyed, all the values ​​that were in it, a group of parishioners were buried at the cemetery in the guise of the grave, and the parishioners themselves fled to Poland. In the early 2000s, the son of one of the survivors came to Mezhonka / Mezonka / Miezonki / Meshonka and asked to see the cemetery, the locals took him and showed a cemetery and a ... site of the grave, (photo below), which had recently unearthed unknown. In this place, lay tombstones and stone with an inscription in Polish, which, as he explained later descendant, said: "take away the one who left"...".
I realize that such stories in every village, but it seemed to me true, though perhaps no "belongings" were not there.
Another interesting fact: the village Mezhonka located at the border of the Minsk area, and if in the village our navigator showing that we are in the Mogilev region, then to the cemetery (the cemetery belongs to Mezhonka), he argued that we are in the Minsk region. Coordinates: 53.779296 29.412777. Below is showing the place where was the church...'.
And stone with name 'Boleslaw Nejmowski'.

The Roman Catholic chapel was in the
village on the German map of 1941.

On the Miezonka river was a mill owned by the Szostak family from the 60's of the nineteenth century. The Miezonka aristocratic locality partially abolished after 1937, and finally after the Second World War in 1944 - before eighties of the twentieth century. Only the Miezonka village area remaining south of the nobility houses, which were plowed. In 2012, there were remnants of the Catholic cemetery - photos on my domain 'konstantynowicz.info'.
The cemetery has a long history. The origins of the first half of the nineteenth century, when it was leased by the Czapski noble family from the Radziwill family. After 1842 the property was in the Konstantynowicz hands. Since the sixties of the 19th century settled here Szostak and other Catholic gentry. They were also the Zbieranowskis who received a land from the Radziwill family for their service to this aristocratic family. We had affinities with the Radziwills.
After 1937 the Bolsheviks killed the Poles suspected of collaborating with the Polish military intelligence. After 1944 the Soviets demolished all the houses of the nobility, but some fundamentals remained visible in the photographs. Land was plowed, planted with grass and turned into pasture land and a hill align up even, on which were the first noble houses in 1850, belonging to the Konstantynowiczs.
The chapel was destroyed, but the remaining stones. From the small Catholic cemetery in the area of the former noble Miezonka locality, remained only some graves, among others the Witkowskis. Currently, the south-east of the cemetery is a Belarusian village Miezonka where ca 2000 older people known on Polish Catholic nobility of the noble Miezonka village.

Miezonka noble catholic village ca 1800 - before 1951. Константинович - биография. Miezonka noble village, ca 1800 - before 1951. History and genealogy of the Constantinovich family with relatives: Troubetzkoy, Sedykh from Kazan, and Kalinowski from Cracow, Armand in Moscow and Petersburg, Gernet from Estonia, Dunkel / Tunkel, 
Rehbinder / Rebinder, Benkedorf, Urban, Steinberg, 
from Estonia, Dubbelt / Dubelt from Riga, Bakst, Demonet or De Monet, Dizeren, 
Azbelev, Bagration-Gruzinski and Mukhrani from Sakartvelo-Georgia.


A revenge on the Poles from Miezonka in the Soviet was terrible. Nothing was supposed to remain after their ancestors. In the colony of the Soviet - in Communist Poland - their descendants were destroyed and controlled. A graves and memory on the Polish nobility in Belarus were destroyed. Not only in Belarus, but also in other countries of Eastern Europe. This Asian way of revenge is difficult to describe.

Destruction of the cradle of the Polish nobility is Polish extermination hourglass. Only in this way and in this context should be understood edition of my websites on a deadly revenge on the one noble village among hundreds of similar localities. Yes, Miezonka is an icon of resistance, at the same time a symbol of aggression and occupation of Belarus by Soviet. Our photos are documents about the invasion, occupation and final destruction of the symbol. It's the ritual revenge and retaliation.

Polish troops achieved the Bjarezina river, north of Berazino, on August 19th, 1919 and conquered Berazino on August 20th, 1919 when Poland was fighting with the Bolsheviks in defense of its independence 1919 - 1920 

(during the war of liberty, Polish army achieved for example: Barysau on 19/20th, Bahusevicy on August 19th, 1919; Svislac by the Bjarezina river on August 20/21st, Babrujsk on August 28th, Jasen' station near by Babrujsk on August 23rd, 1919). 

Curiosity: Izrael Gelfond or Aleksander Izrael Lazariewicz Helphand, Alexander Israel Helphant i.e. Alexander Parvus was born in Berezino, the Minsk government in 1867, he was revolutionary, friend of Lejb Bronstein (i.e. Lew Trocki) and acted together in Petersburg A.D. 1905; Parvus served for the intelligence service of imperial German  Army as some write and "produced" money to Lenin.  

Самотнае дрэва на паўднёвым усходзе ад могілак
На могілках: помнікі Zdjecia pokazuja resztki cmentarza wiejskiego w okolicy szlacheckiej Miezonka w 2012 roku. Copyright by Alyaxej Matcesha - Алексей Матеша <ales89@tut.by>
 Самотнае дрэва на паўднёвым усходзе ад могілак
Самотнае дрэва на паўднёвым усходзе ад могілак - На могілках: помнікі Miezonka 2012 rok. Domy  na zachod od cmentarza juz nie istnieja. Copyright by Alyaxej Matcesha - Алексей Матеша <ales89@tut.by>
На могілках: помнікі
На могілках: помнікі Miezonka 2012 rok. Copyright by Alyaxej Matcesha - Алексей Матеша <ales89@tut.by>
На могілках: помнікі
На могілках: помнікі Copyright by Alyaxej Matcesha - Алексей Матеша <ales89@tut.by>
На могілках: помнікі
На могілках: помнікі Copyright by Alyaxej Matcesha - Алексей Матеша <ales89@tut.by>
На могілках: помнікі
На могілках: помнікі - На могілках: помнікі Copyright by Alyaxej Matcesha - Алексей Матеша <ales89@tut.by>

All 5 photos pages. 
Okolica szlachecka Miezonka, stan sprzed 2009 roku. Czerwona  elipsa pokazuje cmentarz katolicki. Strzalka na obecna wies Miezonka, rejon Bialynicze, na granicy obwodu mohylewskiego i minskiego. Under copyright by the Google Earth 2012 - the map of Miezonka noble locality  Copyright by Bogdan Konstantynowicz 2012. Properties of the noble Konstantinovich family before 1917.  

Okolica szlachecka Miezonka w 1936 roku przed Wielkimi Czystkami w Sowietach. Obok cmentarza kilka domow oraz na poludniowy-zachod od cmentarza zabudowania.  Na poludniowy-wschod wies Miezonki / Miezonka - znana ze zdjec z roku 2012. Copyright by  Bogdan Konstantynowicz.  Ponizej tez inna mapa sowiecka z 1936 ale brakuje na niej juz domu kolo cmentarza.  

Okolica szlachecka Miezonka w 1936 roku przed Wielkimi Czystkami w Sowietach. Obok cmentarza kilka domow. Copyright by  http://iberezino.ru/MapsofBerezino.html  mail doorsers@yahoo.com Uladzimir Mihal-Vishneuski  


1934 Miezonka wojskowa mapa polska
Under copyright by http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:WIG_Mapa_Operacyjna_Polski_-_49_Bobrujsk_1934.jpg and
http://igrek.amzp.pl/mapindex.php?cat=WIG300 - Operational map of Poland and neighbouring countries, region Bobrujsk. Scale of 1:300000. Mapa Operacyjna Polski, region Bobrujsk. Skala 1:300000. Date 1934. Source Mapy archiwalne Polski. 

The noble Konstantynowicz family in Poland and neighbouring countries 1534 - ca 1920.
Konstantynowicz from east Mscislaw area to central Belarus, the Polish Livland and Estonia.


Above maps of  noble Miezonka locality. More maps: http://iberezino.ru/MapsofBerezino.html and more photos: http://iberezino.ru/Miezonka.html


On the Wernadski and Modzelewski families you can read at my domain 'konstantynowicz.info'.


Miezonka and destroyed homes after 1937 and before 1951

Probably our ancestry with the name of Konstantynowicz derive from belorussian family (Senko Czyzewicz and his son Konstanty Czyz) Czyz;  Polish as early as the 16th century and professing catholicism, owned arms of FOX proper since 

1534 

id est Marcin Konstantynowicz Czyz from Nieciecza

either Marcin Czyz Konstantynowicz from Nieczyca

or Marcin Czyz Nieczycki (or Nietecki) who was born c. 1495

Konstantynowicz Czyz unknown of name (or Konstantinowicz who was born c. 1530 or Michno Konstantynowicz ?) was withdrawn in the last will and testament of his father of 

1547 

and destitute of a legacy which daughter Margaret inherited; she had got some brothers. 

Part of these Czyz from neighbourhood of LIDA (either Nieciecz or Nieczyca 9 km from Lida

c. 1550 

have accepted the surname Konstantynowicz (from Christian name of father according to Leszczyc 1908/13) adopting the armorial bearings of FOX proper and moved out to the Trakai district and thence to the MINSK province 

c. 1570

A famous 

Michno Konstantynowicz 

received the big estate, an arable ground and forested land from the king Sigismund Augustus on 

04 January 1554 

i.e. the farmland

Merecz Michnowski

and the same Michno possessed a landed property

Zaleskowszczyzna

49 km N-W-N of Lida in the Troki district, too (close by a south - easterly border of the former Trakai district) as early as 

1552 

and it seems he owned a farmland Merkine in addition id est

Merecz Michnowo

by initial course of Merkys river in the Turgeliai parish, 38 km S-E-S of Vilnius.

This fact noted down in armorials of the Grand duchy of Lithuania:

1578 Konstantinowicz who was born c. 1530

1584 Michal Konstantynowic

1648 Konstantinowicz or Konstantynowicz

The family Konstantynowicz used the call POCHOWICZ (or the Pohozy, Pohosha, Pohowicz, Rohoz, Rokoz and Pokoz nicknames,  information of 1937) at first in the Minsk province, Belorussia since A.D. 

1600 


Mikolay Pohosha Konstantynowicz has got a privilege in the Minsk province handed over to him by the king Vladislav IV Vasa.


ALTONA close to HAMBURG and the roots of the BLOCH family intermarried Ordega, Holynski, Kronenberg [the links to Zamoyski and Loewenstein];
Wielka Wies close to KARGOWA owned by BLOCH;
Dudino of the Holynskis - ex-Belarus, in Russia at present - 1881, 1901, 1963, assassinations of the US Presidents;
Soino of the Konstantynowicz family and of Holynski - in Russia close to Belarus at present.

James Abram Garfield was killed in 1881 by Charles J. Guiteau;
in 1901, the plot of Emma Goldman of SZAWLE and Leon Czolgosz who came from the Grodno district; with links to Tadeusz Wolanski; the Coup d'Etat in USA killed William McKinley in September 1901;
in 1963 the plot of George de Mohrenschildt and Lee Oswald with the links to the Minsk province in Belarus; John F. Kennedy in November 1963 was killed.

Many traces lead to Tuchorza, a village in the Siedlec commune, within the Wolsztyn County; and Wielka Wies owned by the BLOCH family - 2 km west to Kopanica; 5 km north-east to KARGOWA.

But we have different Nowa Wies Wielka with the Bloch family, 13 km south to CHODECZ:
8 / 10 km east to Przedecz; 22 km south to CHOCEN; 33 km north-west to KUTNO; in the Przedecz commune, 31 km north-east of Kolo.

Jan Gotlib Bloch (1836-1902) was born into a poor Jewish family, the Polish banker and geographer,
was the son of
Selim Bloch + Fryderykia Neumark.
Selim BLOCH was born in 1790, in Lezno, the Zukowo commune, the Kartuzy county.

Jan Bloch b. 1836 had siblings among others Hertz and Taubchen Jellinek. Jan Bloch married Emilia Julia Kronenberg in 1862, and Emilia KRONENBERG was born in 1845.
Above Selim = Salomon Bloch m. Friederike Neumark / Fryderyka, 1803-1879. Salomon Bloch / Selim Bloch b. 1790 in Lezno, was the son of Filip Bloch
[1760-1839; Filip b. in named Lezno, died in 1795/1839.
Note to above Nathan Jellinek m. Taubchen Bloch. Jellinek came from Rousinov / Rausnitz, a town in Vyskov District in the South Moravian Region]
+ Mariem Hamburger b. 1760, d. 1839, the daughter of Meir Hamburger + Sarah Mamrat.
Sarah was the daughter of Nathan Mamrat + Gnendel Dvora / Dvora Mamrat-Hirschfeld-Oldenburg Ashkenazi, ca 1688 in Altona, close to Hamburg, Germany - after ca 1717,
the daughter of
Chacham Tzvi Hirsch Ashkenazi + Sarah Rivka / Sara Rivka Mirels, Chacham Zvi' 2nd wife, b. in 1670 in London, d. 1719 in LWOW / L'viv,
the daughter of R' Meshulam Zalman HaLevi Mirels, A.B.D. Hamburg.

Above ALTONA:

Jonathan Eybeschutz born in Cracow in 1690, d. Altona, 1764, was a Talmudist, Rabbi of the "Three Communities": Altona, Hamburg and Wandsbek. Jonathan Eybeschutz's grandson was Baron Thomas von Schoenfeld, an apostate Jew who inherited his grandfather's collection of Sabbatean kabbalistic works. He founded a Masonic lodge called the Asiatische Bruder, one of four Illuminati lodges in Vienna. After his uncle's death in 1791, he was offered the leadership of the Frankist movement which he refused.

David Livingstone in 2013 wrote:
"The Asiatic BRETHREN continued to be associated with Egyptian Rite Freemasonry, which its origins with Count CAGLIOSTRO.
Cagliostro ... had been initiated into the rite by the COMTE St. GERMAIN
[the Comte de Saint Germain born ca 1691/1712, d. 1784, was a European alchemist. In 1779, St. Germain arrived in Altona in Schleswig, to Prince Charles of Hesse-Kassel, who also had an interest in mysticism and in secret societies. He had invented a new method of colouring cloth.
St. Germain was an Alsatian Jew, Simon Wolff by name, and was born at Strasbourg.
Maybe was a Spanish Jesuit named Aymar. The title of the Count of St Germain had during the early 1740s. He is called an Italian, a Spaniard, a Pole. In London he was in 1745. He understood Polish, and soon learnt to understand English.
St. Germain appeared in the French court around 1748. In 1749, he was employed by Louis XV for diplomatic missions.
He prophesied the French Revolution.
He met Giuseppe Balsamo (alias Cagliostro) in London. St. Germain was an alchemist, and Rosicrucian.
Ebenezer Sibly was deeply involved in occult, but his brother Manoah SIBLY was the member of the Swedenborgian Theosophical Society; and was living in London like Swedenborgian minister.
Manoah SIBLY thus provided a tangible connection between Ebenezer SIBLY / Ebenezer Sibley, and the Swedenborgian enthusiasts
Philippe de LOUTHERBOURG,
Peter Lambert de LINTOT and
Charles RAINSFORD
and in ca 1776 to CAGLIOSTRO.
Above acc. to Susan Mitchell Sommers.

Charles of Hesse-Kassel was born in Kassel in 1744 as the son of Frederick II, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel (or Hesse-Cassel) and his first wife Princess Mary of Great Britain.
His mother was a daughter of King George II of Great Britain and Caroline of Ansbach and a sister of Queen Louise of Denmark.
The grandfather, William VIII, Landgrave of Hesse].

Duke Ferdinand of Brunswick 1721 - 1792, was mentioned in Robison's secret Illuminati membership list, as the patron of the Asiatic Brethern, an Illuminati offshoot. The Sabbatian Vienna Lodge of the Asiatic Brethren was founded by Jacob Frank's cousin, Moses Dobrushka, alias Von Schoenfeld.
Jonathan Eybeschutz born in Cracow in 1690, d. Altona, 1764, was a Talmudist, Rabbi of the "Three Communities": Altona, Hamburg and Wandsbek.
Jonathan Eybeschutz's grandson was Baron Thomas von Schoenfeld.

Count Thadee Lessige GRABIENSKA [Tadeusz Grabianka], Nobleman of Liva, known in Holland under the name of Janiewske [Janiewski]; he was in England under the name of Soudkowski [Sudkowski]; in France and some parts of Germany under the name of Ostap;
in Hamburg and Altona under the name of Slonskimp.
Cagliostro had been initiated into the rite by the COMTE St. GERMAIN. The Comte de Saint Germain born ca 1691/1712, d. 1784, was a European alchemist. In 1779, St. Germain arrived in Altona in Schleswig, to Prince Charles of Hesse-Kassel, who also had an interest in mysticism and in secret societies. He had invented a new method of colouring cloth. St. Germain was an Alsatian Jew, Simon Wolff by name, and was born at Strasbourg.

In 1768-1789 two Frankists agents were in Prague and Possnitz.
Jakob Frank was freed by the Russians from Czestochowa in August 1772, and he left the town early in 1773. He came to Warsaw and in March 1773 escaped to BERNO to Dobruschka until 1786. In March 1775 met with Austrian Empress. At 1786/1787 established himself in OFFENBACH with the Prince Ysenburg.

Jakob Frank acted together with the Russian Orthodox Church and with the Russian government in 1773 in Czestochowa and Warsaw, but in 1765 Frankist delegation went to Smolensk and Moscow, acc. to Robert Akers.

St. Germain, an Alsatian Jew, Simon Wolff by name, born at Strasbourg, had the title of the Count of St Germain during the early 1740s, called an Italian, a Spaniard, a Pole, was in London in 1745. St. Germain understood Polish and visited ALTONA close to Hamburg.

Alexander Mikhailovich (Sandro) was the Freemason, and he called himself Philalethes. The 1785 congress convened by the Amis Reunis and the Philalethes was also attended by the Anton Mesmer, Comte St. Germain and Comte Cagliostro, another student of Rabbi Falk.

Cagliostro, had known all the secrets of Dr. Samuel Falk.
Catherine the Great was reportedly also associated with the Comte St. Germain. St. Germain was in St Petersburg, where he participated in a conspiracy when the Russian army assisted Catherine in usurping the throne from her husband Peter III of Russia.

At the same time
Althotas also been identified with Kolmer, the instructor of Adam Weishaupt, a German leader of the Illuminati, and at other times Althotas was identified with the Comte de Saint Germain. Althotas was born in southern of Denmark. Then he was living in Turkey, and EGYPT [Misraim in 1738 - London ?].

Tadeusz Grabianka was in Hamburg and Altona under the name of Slonskimp as the Illuminati.

Cagliostro had been initiated into the rite by the COMTE St. GERMAIN. The Comte de Saint Germain born ca 1691/1712, d. 1784, was a European alchemist. In 1779, St. Germain arrived in Altona in Schleswig, to Prince Charles of Hesse-Kassel, who also had an interest in mysticism and in secret societies.

In Turkey, in the 2nd half of the 17th century, Donmeh / Donme, a group of Sabbatean crypto-Jews in the Ottoman Empire, was created as the political and religious movement.
The movement was centered in Thessaloniki were Jakob Frank was in 1738. Jakob Frank in 1738 joined his father on a business journey from Czerniowce to Thessaloniki and he was introduced to Sabbatean circles in Thessaloniki.

At the same time
SAMUEL FALK, known Frankist, was in London [after 1736/1737 or he arrived here before 1742] to Emanuel Swedenborg.
Teomim of Horodenka was in ALTONA [Hamburg] in 1764 and in 1767, as the Frankist. Here were living mainly Ashkenazic Jews.
Jonathan Eybeschutz born in Cracow in 1690, died in named Altona in 1764, was a Talmudist, Rabbi of the "Three Communities": Altona, Hamburg and Wandsbek.
Jonathan Eybeschutz's grandson was Baron Thomas von Schoenfeld, an apostate Jew who inherited his grandfather's collection of Sabbatean kabbalistic works. He founded a Masonic lodge called the Asiatische Bruder, one of four Illuminati lodges in Vienna. After his uncle's death in 1791, he was offered the leadership of the Frankist movement which he refused.

ALTONA was visited by St Germain [St Germain known Catherine the Great of Russia]; the FRANKISTS movement; Tadeusz Grabianka of the Illuminati; maybe ALTHOTAS from Denmark was in Altona - he was friendly to Cagliostro and Manuel Pinto in MALTA.
In 1779, St. Germain arrived in Altona in Schleswig, to Prince Charles of Hesse-Kassel.

Altona is the westernmost part of Hamburg.

By Ushi Derman:
"Frank addressed his followers:
'I came not to elevate your spirits, but to humiliate you to the bottom of the abyss, where you can get no lower, and where no man can rise from by his own forces, but only God can pull him with his mighty hand from the depth'.
By 'abyss' he meant particularly sexual rituals that included sacred orgies with just a touch of incest. ...
David Kahana in his 'Book of Darkness':
'on the 26th day of the month of Shvat in 1756, on a market day in the town of Lanzkron, [LANCKORONA] Podolia, the people of the Frank sect gathered in the morning in an inn of one of their own, closed all the windows in secrecy, and took the rabbi's wife, a beautiful and promiscuous woman, sat her down naked in a palanquin, placed a Torah crown upon her head and danced around her...'."

His Polish aristocratic supporters chose their wives at the age of 17 and 18. They kidnapped young girls and made them harem, they used sadism, pedophiles, necrophiles - preparation of corpses, and even adopted Judaic customs, such as the Sabbath and kosher. The Frankis maintained contact with the German Illuminati through Altona in the suburb of Hamburg; and in Frankfurt am Main; in London, through Samuel Falk, through Cagliostro, the main emissary of the Order of Malta, through Carsten Niebuhr in 1767, in Skala Podolska, and established contacts with the Russian authorities in 1766 for anti-Polish purposes, and for muddle in the Balkans.

Russia's supporters in the 18th century and in the 19th century are not just Frankists in 1766; but also it is possible Georgian families, reaching the highest royal and princes dignities in Georgia. They are also aristocratic individuals from upper-class lineages in Poland imbued with the ideology of the Illuminati.
In the second half of the 19th century, a Polish underground movement emerged in Russian intelligence [Armand-Konstantynowicz]; it operated in consultation with France [Breguet, Frauchi], England [Koziell-Poklewski] and Austria and even with Germany [Parvus, Hutten-Czapski].
Poles were assisted by the Baltic Germans [Pilar-Pilchau, Mohrenschildt], who had mastered Russia's counterintelligence from the 1840s.
Georgians nobility and Scottish Templars sought help and support in the Orthodox Church in Moscow.
Frankists in Skala Podolska in 1767 were visited by Carsten Niebuhr, whom sent The Illuminati Superior of the Order of Malta, Manuel Pinto as early as 1761.
The whole Niebuhr visit in Poland in 1767, after the search for a New Religion in Persia and drugs in Yemen, and after penetrating Egypt in 1761/1762 [alchemy], organized rich noble families:
the Krasinskis from the neighborhood of Przasnysz in Krasne
[Ludwik Krasinski born in 1833, the friend of Leopold Kronenberg; Ludwik owned Krasne, Przystan, Magnuszewo, Krasnosielc and Zulin; Ojcow - Pieskowa Skala; Adamow with Gulow; Ursynow;
Rohatyn - in the vicinity was the center of the sexual deviation movement represented by Wilhelm Reich who wrote extensively, in his diary, about his sexual precocity. He maintained that his first sexual experience was at the age of four. He also was a Marxist.

Ludwik Krasinski owned many villages in the Minsk governorate from Magdalena Kiezgajlo-Zawisza: Kuchcice and Zarnowki in the IHUMEN county.
Maria Magdalena Radziwill, nee Zawisza-Kierzgajlo / Kiezgajlo, primo voto Krasinska, b. 1861, d. 1945 in Fryburg, in 1917/1918 in Moscow and in Minsk she was the communist. In 1919-1935 she co-operated with Jews communities.

Maria Magdalena was the daughter of Maria Kwilecka married Kiezgajlo, and Maria Magdalena was Belarussian not Polish! In 1882 she was married to Ludwik Jozef Krasinski.
Ludwik Jozef died in 1895 and she was married to the son of Wilhelm Adam Radziwill, ie. to Waclaw Mikolaj Radziwill in 1906 in LONDON; he was pro-Russian politic, and
the great-great-grandson of Marcin Mikolaj Radziwill b. 1705 in Ciemkowicze, alchemist, sexual pervert and the FRANKISTS supporter, living close to Ostrow Wielkopolski];
Stadnicki from Pleszew area and Jedlno;
Tarnowski of Podole; Kossakowski of Skala Podolska; the Poniatowskis of Warsaw and of Berezyna in Belarus.

Jacob Frank was jailed because his sexual antics. He then converted to the Russian Orthodox Church.

Teomim of Horodenka was in ALTONA in 1764.
In 1764 Rabbi Nachman made Aliyah to Israel [acc. to Dr. N. M. Gelber]. With him were Rabbi Menahem Mendel from Przemyslany / Peremyshliany, at half way from Busk to Rohatyn; and Rabbi Simhah. The group set sail from Galacz in Romania at present, to Constantinopol, and they sailed together with immigrants to Palestine in Jaffa.
Someone wrote that Teomim of Horodenka was in ALTONA in 1764.
In 1766 Aharon Yitzchak ben Moshe, from the family of Rabbis, the Teomims, left Horodenka for Altona in Germany as a messenger and preacher for the Shabbetean movement. In 1767, he arrived in Altona from Poland. From there Aharon Yitzhak proceeded to Hamburg.
Soon after there were rumors that Aharon Yitzhak was a preacher of the Shabbetai movement. Rav Moshe Teomim had a position as the Rabbi of Horodenka.

In 1779, St. Germain arrived in Altona in Schleswig, to Prince Charles of Hesse-Kassel. Altona is the westernmost part of Hamburg. In 1640, Altona came under Danish rule. A major Jewish community developed in Altona starting in 1611, mainly Ashkenazic Jews.

Horodenka was also one of the centers of the Frankist movement.

At the same time Althotas also been identified with Kolmer, the instructor of Adam Weishaupt, a German leader of the Illuminati, and at other times Althotas was identified with the Comte de Saint Germain. Althotas was born in southern of Denmark. Then he was living in Turkey, and EGYPT [Misraim in 1738 - London ?]. Tadeusz Grabianka was in Hamburg and Altona under the name of Slonskimp as the Illuminati.
Cagliostro had been initiated into the rite by the COMTE St. GERMAIN. The Comte de Saint Germain born ca 1691/1712, d. 1784, was a European alchemist. In 1779, St. Germain arrived in Altona in Schleswig, to Prince Charles of Hesse-Kassel, who also had an interest in mysticism and in secret societies.

ALTONA was visited by St Germain [St Germain known Catherine the Great of Russia]; the FRANKISTS movement; Tadeusz Grabianka of the Illuminati; maybe ALTHOTAS from Denmark was in Altona - he was friendly to Cagliostro and Manuel Pinto in MALTA.
A social movement related to sexual deviations was developed in the Frankist region: Podhajce - Rohatyn - Dubno. There, at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, Wilhelm Reich appeared, supporter of bestiality, pedophilia, group sex, liquidation of marriage, free love. The communist Kollataj of the Lenin government created an educational system supporting these sexual disorders. The anarchist movement in the 19th century was dominated by homosexuals.

Three coups in the US: 1881, 1901, 1963, were prepared and co-organized by structures related to sexual liberation and homosexuality, but also to the national minority, liberalizing and mainly derived from the territories of the former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. They were accompanied by Baltic Germans and Poles, or Polish-Jewish mixed blood persons. All this structure was managed from Russia.
The Illuminati formed in the 18th century by the Russian intelligence interested in conquering Central Europe, the American Pacific coast, the Caucasus and the Balkans. The Russians mainly operated in the 18th century through Denmark [with Altona close to Hamburg under Denmark rule] and Malta, by the Templar movements of the Scottish Jacobites who sought support and facilities in St. Petersburg; through the Maltese Order, through the Frankists in Frankfurt am Main, Altona near Hamburg, Skala Podolska, Krasne close to Przasnysz; in Ostrow Wielkopolski, Kamieniec Podolski, Podhajce and Rohatyn in Ukraine.
Sexual deviations were to allow the destruction of Western societies; the totality was completed by revolutions, and actually pseudo-revolutions in France in 1789, and in America.
Russian intelligence has contributed to Freemasonry since the 1720s.
After 1870/1871, the Illuminati movement was transformed into a globalist movement, and at the beginning, in 1871-1937, it was a Polish underground movement but the British intelligence and the Baltic Germans gained an advantage;
however, in a network of secret societies after 1937, i.e. after the Great Purge in the Russian Empire, Russian-Soviet military intelligence service completely took over the leadership.

By K. E. Sjoden in 1995:
"... Pernety indicates an important date in his role in the history of Swedenborgianism: September 29, 1779. ... The group came to be universally known as the Illuminati in Avignon. Who were the first members of this group? ... Count Thadee Lessige GRABIENSKA [Tadeusz Grabianka], Nobleman of Liva, known in Holland under the name of Janiewske [Janiewski]; in England under the name of Soudkowski [Sudkowski]; in France and some parts of Germany under the name of Ostap; in Hamburg and Altona under the name of Slonskimp. ... This letter of October 20, 1781 constitutes a veritable gold mine for those who take an interest in Pernety and his activities. I became aware of it thanks to a copy translated into Swedish located in the Royal Library in Stockholm... A letter from Grabianka to the Dutch editor Pierre F. Gosse of February 24, 1787, published in ... Hague, 1884... Included among them were his wife, his mother-in-law, Countess Stadnisca [Stadnicka], his daughter Annette Grabianka [Aneta Grabianka], his sister and brother-in-law, Count and Countess Jean Tarnowski [Jan Tarnowski], as well as Mademoiselle Bruchier from Strasbourg, who was his daughter Annette's tutor and also the ... medium. ...
But it was Louis-Joseph-Bernard-Philibert de Morveau, known as 'Brumore', initiated prior to Grabianka, who was even more influential. Brumore served as librarian to the King's brother, Henri [Henry], at his Castle of Reinsberg, near Berlin. Henri had hired a troop of French actors, one of whom, Bauld de Sens, was also a member of the secret Society. It is known that he entrusted Pernety and Brumore with two rare documents dealing with alchemy ...
I have found some mention of the Prince in the register of the members of the Illuminati in Avignon...".

The relatives of Jan Bloch - Meshullam Solomon / Israel Meshullam Solomon (1723-1794), was b. in 1723 in Altona - d. 1793/1794/1795 in HAMBURG; he was born as Israel Meshullam Zalman Emden in Altona near Hamburg, was one of two rival Chief Rabbis of the United Kingdom and the rabbi of the Hambro' Synagogue. Solomon claimed authority as Chief Rabbi of the United Kingdom from 1765 to 1780.
Israel Meshullam Solomon (1723-1794/1795), was the son of Jacob / Yaakov EMDEN, 1697-1776 + Rachel KOHEN, ca 1700-1739;
the grandson of Tzvi Hirsch ben Yaakov ASHKENAZI, 1658-1718 + Sarah Mirls / Mirles NEUMARK, 1670-1719.

Israel Meshullam Solomon in 1722/1723 in Altonia / Altona in Hamburg (now Germany). Israel Meshullam Zalman EMDEN in 1764 was appointed rabbi of the Hamburger Synagogue in London. In 1780 he left London and in 1794/1795 he died in Hamburg. He was known in England as Meshullam SOLOMON.
Israel was the son of Jacob / Yaakov EMDEN + Rachel KOHEN.

Above Tzvi Hirsch ben Yaakov Ashkenazi, 1656-1718), known as the Chacham Tzvi, born in 1658 in Velke, Moravia. His father Jacob Wilner was active in Moravia.
He was descended of Ephraim ha-Kohen, who in turn was the son-in-law of a grandchild of Elijah Ba'al Shem of Chelm Lubelski.

Above R' Israel (Solomon) Meshullam Zalman Emden, was ABD Podhajce and later in London.
Israel was the son of Yaakov Israel Emden + Rachel Emden Ashkenazi.
Israel was the father to Benjamin Emden.
Israel was the brother of Blimah Eisenstadt Ash, Second Wife;
R' Meir Zalman Yavetz Emden, A.B.D. Konstantin;
and others. And the half brother of Nechama Yavetz and others.

Above Benjamin Emden b. 1765 + Jetta Charney, with a daughter Chia Leah Rotkel (Emden) died in 1942, married Mattias Rotkel / Mates, 1860-1942, the son of David Rotkel.
CHIA was the daughter of Benjamin Emden and Jetta.
Chia was the mother of David Rotkel; Bella Weiss; Felicia Flatau; Benjamin Rotkel.
Above Mattias Rotkel had a daughter b. in 1907, Cecile Wechsler born in Warsaw. Cecile had a son born in 1931, Felix Leneman died in Paris. Cecile died in 2004 in New York. Felix Leneman b. 1931 in Paris, d. in 2000 in San Leandro, in California.

Above EPHRAIM BEN JACOB HA-KOHEN (1616-1678), rabbinic authority, served as a judge in Vilna together with Shabbetai Kohen and Aaron Samuel Koidanover. Born in Wilna in 1616; died in 1678, at Budapest / Ofen, Hungary; persecuted by the Chmielnicki uprising.

Jan Gotlib Bloch (1836-1902), also known as Ivan Bloch, born Jewish and a convert to Calvinism, was sympathetic to the Zionist movement. Bloch was married to Emilia Julia Kronenberg (1845-1921), the granddaughter of Polish banker Samuel Eleazar Kronenberg,
the daughter of medical doctor Henryk Andrzej Kronenberg;
and niece of industrialist Leopold Stanislaw Kronenberg;
"the Kronenberg and Bloch families had often been in competition with each other in several 19th century Polish businesses".

Amelia Maria Weyssenhoff Soltan's brother was Jozef Weyssenhoff who married Alicja Bloch / Aleksandra Emilia Bloch, the daughter of Jan Bloch, a banker from Lodz. Amelia Maria Weyssenhoff + Wiktor Wladyslaw Pereswit Soltan b. 1853, d. 1905, the son of Stanislaw Soltan and Albertyna Dunin- Jundzill Countess.

Amelia's father:
Michal Weyssenhoff b. 1831 + Wanda Lubienska Countess, ca 1830 / after 1836 / 1839 - ca 1880, her father was Seweryn Lubienski Count + Amelia Golabek Jezierska Countess;
Amelia Maria Weyssenhoff's brother:
Jozef Weyssenhoff writer + Alicja Bloch / Aleksandra Emilia Bloch.

Zionist movement:
Jan Bloch of Lodz, Armand Levy and Adam Mickiewicz with Leopold Kronenberg, Zamoyski, Adam Grabowski, Gustaw Findeisen, Filip Michal Newlinski.

JAN BLOCH m. Emilia Julia Kronenberg. Jan Bloch was the father of Maria Katarzyna Koscielska; Henryk Jan Bloch; Aleksandra Emilia Weyssenhoff;
Emilia Ordega;
Janina Maria Kostanecka.

Emilia Bloch, 1870-1940, m. in 1890, Warszawa, to Ksawery Holynski, 1856-1901. Emilia Bloch Holynska was the sister of Aleksandra Emilia Weyssenhoff.
Aleksandra Emilia Bloch, 1868-1939, the daughter of Jan Gotlib Bogumil Bloch + Emilia Julia KRONENBERG b. 1845, the daughter of Henryk Andrzej Kronenberg, b. 1813;
the granddaughter of Samuel Eleazar Kronenberg / Lejzor Hirszowicz Kronenberg, b. in 1773.
Named Samuel Eleazar was the father of Ludwik (Lewek) Kronenberg; Dorota Loewenstein; Rozalia Loewenstein; Stanislaw Salomon Kronenberg; Maria Kronenberg and 3 others:
Leopold Stanislaw Kronenberg, nickname Eliezer, b. 1812, d. 1878 in Nice, the son of Samuel Eleazar Kronenberg + Tekla Teresa.
Above Aleksandra Emilia BLOCH was the wife of Jozef Weyssenhoff b. in 1860 in Kolano, d. in 1932.

Monasterszczyzna:
the owners: 1. in 1714, Jan Jakub Holynski; and in 1719.
2. in 1729, the Mscislaw official, Kazimierz Holynski, b. 1670.
3.
Michal Holynski, the Marshal [in 1804] of the nobility in Mohylew, b. ca 1760, married Teresa Ciechanowiecka, b. ca 1770, was the owner of named Monasterszczyna / Monasterszczyzna, and probably Dudino - ex Dukes Horski possession. Michal Holynski, the Mohylew nobility Marshal, was the son of
Jozef Antoni Tadeusz Holynski, b. ca 1730, the Klimowicze official, married Petronela Zukowska.
The grandson of Kazimierz Holynski, b. ca 1670.
The great-grandson of Stefan Holynski and Izabela Ostankiewicz, ie. Stefan = Stefan Kazimierz Holynski (ca 1630 / 1640 - 1701).
Next the landlord in DUDINO was Michal Holynski
[his grandson Ksawery Holynski, 1856-1901 + Emilia Bloch of LODZ],
b. ca 1782, d. 1854, m. Elzbieta Tolstoj, b. 1773,
had the grandparents of him:
mentioned Jozef Antoni Tadeusz Holynski, of Klimowicze, b. ca 1730 + Petronela Zukowska.

The Bloch family from the PRZEDECZ district has links to Leszcze, close to Koscielec close to KOLO [we have also different Koscielec close to Czestochowa]:

Above Koscielec close to KOLO has associations with Izabela Grabowska, the wife of Wicenty Tyszkiewicz, and Izabela Tyszkiewicz Grabowska was the sister of
1.
Css Emilia Skorzewska, nee Goetzendorf-Grabowska, b. 1807 in Wawelno, close to Sosno and to Sepolno Krajenskie, died in 1875 in Jeziory Wielkie, close to Zaniemysl and to Sroda Wielkopolska; Emilia was the wife of Count Heliodor Jan Jozef Skorzewski, b. in 1792 in Margonin, d. in 1858 in Poznan. Heliodor Skorzewski was the son of Count Fryderyk Jozef Andrzej Skorzewski and Antonina GARCZYNSKA, the daughter of Stefan Garczynski JUNIOR. Count Fryderyk Skorzewski owned BRATOSZEWICE near to GLOWNO.
2.
Count Edward Goetzendorf Grabowski + Jozefa Goetzendorf Grabowska Koscielska, b. ca 1809, d. in 1860, the daughter of Jozef Koscielski and Kunegunda ROKITNICKA.
3.
Leokadia Poninska, b. 1817 in Grylewo, close to Wagrowiec - died in 1906 in Koscielec, close to KOLO.
Leokadia was the wife of Boleslaw Jozef Aleksander Poninski, b. 1814 in Wegierki, in the Wrzesnia County, d. in 1887 in Bydgoszcz, the son of Stanislaw Poninski and Anna SIERAKOWSKA.
Count Stanislaw Poninski, b.in 1779 in Wrzesnia, d. in 1847 in Berlin, the son of Marceli Poninski and Rozalia GRUDZIELSKA.
Marceli Poninski b. ca 1750, d. in 1816, was the son of Walenty Poninski and Marcjanna AWRYLEWSKA.
Walenty Poninski was the son of Michal Poninski and Anna Trampczynska, the daughter of Wladyslaw Otto Trampczynski and Anna Bojanowska GOLINSKA.

Jozefa Dowierski (born Walesa), 1874 - 1936, was the daughter of Stanislaw Walesa b. ca 1850, and Teofila Szybura b. 1856 in Ochle, west to KOLO. Ochle in the Koscielec Kolski parish - south-west to KOLO. LESZCZE - 9 km south-east to OCHLE.
Ochle is situated on the north bank of Warta, 8 / 9 km west-north-west to KOLO, 55 km south-west to CHOCEN, 14 / 15 km south-west to Wrzaca Wielka.

KOSCIELEC KOLSKI - belonged in 1836 to Count Kreutz, the Russian General, ie. Cyprian Belzig von Kreutz b. 1777 in Rzeczyca, in the Minsk governorate.
Above Jozefa WALESA had 5 siblings: Szczepan Walesa, Franciszka Walesa. Jozefa married unknown Kaminski ca 1924. We have the 2nd Jozefa Walesa born to Tomasz Walesa b. 1835 and Franciszka Cicha. Tomasz Walesa was born in 1835, in Koscielna Wies [19 km north-west to Brzesc Kujawski; and 23 km north-west to Lubraniec. Lubraniec - 11 km south-west to Brzesc Kujawski. Brzesc Kujawski - 8 km south-west to WIENIEC].

Michal Rembielinski, ca 1773 - 1846 was the father to Walenty Rembielinski, b. ca 1795/1800, died in 1846 in Wrzaca Wielka north-east to KOLO, ie. Walenty Faustyn Rembielinski m. in 1823, in Wrzaca Wielka, 8 kilometres north-east of Kolo.

General Franciszek Ksawery Dabrowski (1761-1839), the insurgent in 1794, in 1797 served Russian Army, b. in 1761 in Ponetowo
[PONETOW Dolne and Gorny, 6 kilometres north-east of Grzegorzew, 10 km east of Kolo.
Ludwika MDZEWSKA Sokolowska was the mother of Edward Sokolowski who was married in 1839, in Grzegorzew (7 km east to KOLO; north-east to TUREK), to Anna Jozefina Klobukowska, a daughter of Jozef Franciszek Klobukowski 1786-1874 + Anna Nina Kwilecka born in 1789 in POZNAN]
close to Kolo, d. in 1839 in Wrzaca Mala close to Kolo.
In July 1831 under Russian above General Franciszek Ksawery Dabrowski was PM of goverment. He was the son of Jozef Dabrowski, the Bar insurgent in 1768 + unknown mother 1st m. Kanigowska, 2nd m. to Wroblewski. In 1799 Lieutenant-General. He committed many financial embezzlement in this position receiving high gratuities for denouncing members of Polish patriotic organizations to the Russians. Arrested for scandals of an erotic nature, imprisoned near Riga, amnesty in 1801 by the new Emperor Alexander I, as a spy-provocateur, he infiltrated the November insurgents, against General Jozef Chlopicki. In July 1831, Field Marshal Iwan Paskiewicz appointed him the head of the Provisional Government of the Kingdom of Poland in Raciazek.

The Wrzaca Wielka parish in the KOLO commune, and the genealogy of the President of Poland Andrzej DUDA. With Swinice Warckie is a rural commune in the Leczyca County, 20 kilometres west of Leczyca.
Witonia is a village in the Leczyca County, 14 kilometres north-east of Leczyca. Wargawka - 4 km north-west to Witonia. Byszew - 5 km north-west to Witonia. Witonia - 45 km east to KOLO; 34 km north-east to Swinice Warckie.

Gieczno is a village in the Zgierz commune, 15 kilometres north of Zgierz. Modlna is a village in the Ozorkow commune, 7 kilometres east of Ozorkow, 15 km north of Zgierz.

Jozefa Milewska, b. in 1832 in Swinice [= Swinice Warckie], was living in Wrzaca Wielka [north-east to KOLO]
+ in 1854 in Grabow [at way from Kolo to Leczyca - 16 kilometres north-west of LECZYCA; but NOT in the Wrzaca Wielka parish], to Jozefat Kulczynski, b. 1830,
the son of Hieronim Kulczynski or Kolczynski + Balbina Pomorska.
Jozefat KULCZYNSKI was manager of Sokolow close to Wrzaca Wielka and to KOLO.
SOKOLOW = Sokolowo - 3 km north-east to Wrzaca Wielka. All north-east to KOLO.

Lukasz Milewski + Petronela had a son Teodor Hubert Marcin Milewski b. 1797 in Porczyny, in the Szadek county, d. aft. 1847, leaseholder of Wyrebow, in the SZADEK county, and Boleszczyn in 1860, m. in 1823 in Niemyslow to Izabela Helena Chrzanowska b. 1802 in Zerniki, the Szadek county,
the daughter of
Kacper Chrzanowski b. ca 1780, d. bef. 1837 + Magdalena Maria Sulimierska, died bef. 1837.
Izabela Milewska nee Chrzanowska had 10 children:
Przemyslaw Rafal Milewski b. in 1828 in Wyrebow. lived in Stryje Ksieze + in 1853 in Szadek to Julianna Natalia Skalinska; + 2nd to Kamila Elzanowska b. 1835, the daughter of Eufrozyna Elzanowska nee Nieniewska.
Kamila had a daughter Kazimiera Kamila Milewska b. 1871 in Stryje Ksieze, in the LASK parish. Przemyslaw had a sister Petronela Malgorzata Jozefa Milewska b. 1836 in the Baldrzychow parish, m. in Boleszczyn to Zenon Zaborowski b. 1833.
Kamienczyk - close to Wyszkow.
Grabow - 28 km east-south-east to Kolo and 16 kilometres north-west of Leczyca; 23 km west to WITONIA.

Antoni Sokolowski of Wrzaca Wielka [north-east to KOLO], Sokolow [Jozefat Kulczynski, b. 1830 was the manager of named SOKOLOW in the 19th century] and of Ochle born ca 1710 + Marianna Obiedowska b. 1730.
Ochle - 9 km west to KOLO;
Wrzaca Wielka - 10 km north-east to KOLO; but Wrzaca Wielka Kolonia 3 km south-east to Wrzaca Wielka and close to KIELCZEW Gorny and to Kielczewek.

Roch Kielczewski b. ca 1710, of JEZEWO [south to Bydgoszcz], the KOWAL official, the owner of Kielczew Mniejszy [Kielczewek, close to KOLO] in the Wielka Wrzaca parish;
married Joanna Trzebinska. Joanna Trzebinska, b. in 1710, was the daughter of
Tomasz Trzebinski of Jezewo - Labiszyn + Barbara Pawlowska.
Kielczew Mniejszy = Kielczewek - 7 km south-east to Wrzaca Wielka [close to KOLO].
Labiszyn and JEZEWO - [Jezewo, 7 km east to Labiszyn] 27 km south to Bydgoszcz; 7 km north-east to LUBOSTRON.

The same family of KIELCZEWSKI intermarried to Pola Negri, Gypsy of LIPNO. POLA NEGRI m. [in 1919 - div. 1922] Count Eugeniusz Dambski, b. 1893 in Rawa Mazowiecka, Eugeniusz was the son of Mieczyslaw Dambski, b. ca 1855/1857, and Natalia Weglinska, Dambska. Mieczyslaw's father was Ludomir Dambski, and the grandfather - Maksym Dambski and PLOWSKA. Pola Negri b. in LIPNO north to WLOCLAWEK as Apolonia Chalupiec 2nd, in 1897 to a mother Eleonora KIELCZEWSKA {Eleonora died in 1954, m. Juraj vel Jerzy Chalupec, Romani-Slovak of Neslusa - ie Catholic Gypsy of the Habsburg Empire. Jerzy was the son of Apolonia 1st}, d. in August 1987; her father was exiled to Siberia, and she moved to Germany in 1917-1922. Pola's Slovak-Gypsy grandfather Adam Chalupec married Apolonia Plevko or Plewko, who was Slovak, and they had the son Juraj or Jerzy (1871-1920).
They lived in Neslusa in north-western Slovakia, where some mebers of the family returned in the 20th century. Youngest son Pavol or Pawel (1890-1956) was born in Slovakia and now in 1890 the family moved to the former eastern part of Poland, maybe Belarus. Widowed Apolonia and children moved west and settled in Lipno north to Wloclawek, ca 1895.

We back to the KOLO county:
Stanislaw Dobrski, acted in KONIN, lived ca 1827 - 1886, m. in 1856, in Warsaw, to Maria Rembielinska, 1831-1877, the daughter of Walenty Faustyn Rembielinski b. ca 1795 / 1800, died in 1846;
the granddaughter of
Michal Rembielinski, b. ca 1773 + Antonina Ehrenkreuz / ERENKREJZ, b. ca 1774, d. in 1836 in Wrzaca Wielka close to KOLO.
Michal Rembielinski died in 1846, m. Antonina Erenkrejz, b. ca 1774, d. in 1836 in Wrzaca Wielka. Antonina Rembielinska Ehrenkreuz, m. Michal Rembielinski, and she was came from Ehrenkreutz of SWEDEN.

Witold Zieleniewski, 1850-1926, married in 1883, in Dabie on the NER river, to Jozefa Orzechowska, b. 1863, the daughter of Michal Orzechowski, acted in ZGIERZ, 1833-1911, m. Antonilla Wezyk, 1841-1916. DABIE: 20 km south-east to KOLO; and SMOLICE - 17 km east to DABIE. Witold Zieleniewski was the son of Zieleniewski, of LECZYCA district, 1820-1877.

Michal Orzechowski, who acted in ZGIERZ, 1833/1834-1911, married Antonilla Wezyk, 1841-1916. Antonilla Wezyk-Widawska, 1841-1916, was the daughter of Michal WEZYK and Konstancja Locci b. 1811.
Named Antonilla ORZECHOWSKI, born WEZYK-WIDAWSKA, had 2 sisters: Jozefa Wezyk and one other sibling. Antonilla had 12 children: Adam Orzechowski; Antoni ORZECHOWSKI. Konstancja Wezyk, nee Locci, was the daughter of Ignacy Pantaleon Bartlomiej Locci de Raimundi b. in 1776. Konstancja had 2 siblings: Magdalena Golabek - Lesniowska, born Locci.
Karszew - the Kolo county, in the Dabie by Ner river community, 5 km north-east to DABIE.

Mentioned Eleonora Chalupec (Kielczewska) b. in 1861 in Brdo / Babiak close to Kolo, d. in 1954 in Beverly Hills, was the daughter of Franciszek Kielczewski, 1836 - 1913 + Karolina PRZYBYLOWSKI.
The granddaughter of Stanislaw Kielczewski, 1808 - 1858 + Helena BAKOWSKI.
The great-granddaughter of Maciej Kielczewski b. ca 1770, and Zofia. Maciej Kielczewski also was married to Joanna / Julianna or Anna. Maciej was the son of Wojciech Kielczewski b. aft. 1700 / ca 1715,
and the grandson of
Jan Kielczewski b. ca 1670, d. in 1757, and 2nd wife Marianna. Jan older = Jan Kazimierz KIELCZEWSKI was born ca 1670, in Kamienczyk maybe in the Wyszkow county.
Babiak, 21 km north to KOLO.
Above Jan Kazimierz Zygmunt Kielczewski, the Kalisz deputy governor, b. ca 1670, d. in 1757, m. Zofia Letkowska, ca 1680 / 1700 - 1735 in KOLO and they were livin in JEZEWO north to SWIECIE.

We look now on the Bloch family:
Martin Bloch b. ca 1777/1780, m. Anna Christine GANSKE. Named Martin Siegmund Bloch was born ca 1781, to George Bloch and Dorothea Dorfert. Martin Bloch, 1780-1837 either Martin Siegmund Bloch, ca 1781-1868; or Martin Bloch, 1777-1833 / Martin Bloch was born in 1780. Martin married first Ganske ca 1807, and they had 10 children: Anna Katharina Behnke (born Bloch); Samuel Bloch and others. Maybe Martin Bloch was born 1788, to Michael Bloch + Anna OLSZEWSKA / Olschewski.
Above Martin married Wilhelmine Schwalgin in 1806, and Wilhelmine was born ca 1786/1790, in Rozogi.
MARTIN or MAERTIN b. ca 1780/1781 + Anna Christine, had the daughter Justine b. 1816 in Gorki, close to Dabie, in the Kolo county. Named Martin older had the son younger Martin Bloch, 1811-1852.
Above Anna Christine was born in 1789, in Inowroclaw.
Mentioned Martin Bloch b. ca 1780, m. Anna Christine GANSKE, with the daughter Anna Katharina BLOCH, b. Nov. 1808 in Nowa Wies WIELKA close to Przedecz, d. in 1837 in Leszcze, 3 km south-east to Koscielec KOLSKI; Koscielec close to KOLO.
Above Anna Bloch m. in 1825 in Przedecz / Moosburg close to Kutno to JAKOB Behnke, 1798-1846.
Anna had a son 1. Wilhelm Behnke in 1827;
2. Anna Behnke b. 1833, d. 1861, m. in 1853 in KUTNO [compare Miroslaw Znyk Sobczyk born close to Kutno ca 1940, studied in Kutno, m. Sobczyk; the Znyk intermarried PAWLAK of the PM Waldemar Pawlak family. Miroslawa lived in Lodz bef. 1975 - aft. 1990] to Mathias HAAK b. 1828;
3. Friedrich Behnke b. 1834, m. in 1855 in Przedecz to Wilhelmina SPIETZER.
Anna Bloch Behnke had a sibilings:
Martin Bloch, 1811-1852;
Samuel Bloch, 1813-1879, m. 1834 in Nowa Wies Wielka, to Wilhelmine Hoffmann b. 1816;
Andreas Bloch b. 1817, m. in 1837 in Nowa Wies Wielka to Anna Karoline SCHULZ b. 1819.

We have similar Wielka Wies close to Babimost, owned by Bloch ca 1837.
The Bloch family, Jews, came from the Lezno, in the Zukowo commune, the Kartuzy county.
Lezno is a village 5 kilometres east of Zukowo, 16 km east of Kartuzy, and 14 km west of Gdansk.
Below details:
Nynkow, Nynkowo (1509), Ninnekaw in the western Gdansk at present, 7 km east to Lezno with the Bloch family.
LEZNO - 7 km east to ZUKOWO.
And here the Donald Tusk genealogy: his mother - Juliana nee Jezewska moved home to Gdansk.
Chwaszczyno is a village in the Zukowo community, within the Kartuzy County, in northern Poland. It lies 12 kilometres north of Zukowo, 19 km north-east of Kartuzy, and 17 km north-west of Gdansk.
Donald Tusk genealogy include:
in 1784, in Wesiory close to Suleczyno - 21 km north-west to Koscierzyna;
in 1835, in Skorzewo - 7 km north to Koscierzyna;
in 1851, Kamienica, the Sierakowice parish - 26 km to Skorzewo;
in Czarlin - 21 km north-west-north to Koscierzyna [in Koscierzyna in 1660 the Wybickis].

Samson Garczynski (d. 1667) bought Obory in 1653, the Chelmno official in 1655, m. Katarzyna Gleisen - Doregowska, (d. 1629), m. 2nd to Barbara Werda, d. 1687/ 1689, the owner of Klonia - 18 km north-east to CHOJNICA, Karczewo and Karczewko in the Tuchola district; Wiecbork in 1684 - 1687,
owner of Nynkowo - 14 / 15 km east of ZUKOWO, at present in the west part of GDANSK, in 1669.
With a daughter Ewa Eufrozyna Garczynska (d. bef. 1714) and others.
His widowed Barbara Werda Garczynska took Wiecbork in 1684 - 1687, 14 km south to Sepolno Krajenskie. And probably his widowed Barbara Werda Garczynska took Nynkowo in 1669 - 14 km east to Zukowo, at present in west Gdansk.
Samson's older [b. 1596] had also children:
2nd.
Elzbieta Konstancja (d. aft. 1719) bought Obodowo in 1695, m. in 1675 to Jakub Teofil Dorpowski, d. 1689/1693.
3rd.
Barbara Zakrzewska.
4th.
Zofia Franciszka Krasinska.
5th.
Stanislaw Garczynski (1651 - 1722). The owner of Garczyn south-east to KOSCIERZYNA and of Krztowo / Kartouen / Kartno / KARSZYN, south to KARGOWA - in 1667, in 1774 to Tucholka, in 1762 to Trembecki.
Krztowo (Kartowen) in the KOSCIAN county ie Karszyn.

Mentioned Zofia Franciszka Garczynska (b. ca 1640/1642 - d. 1683 or she died aft. 1689), m. in 1664, to Feliks Felicjan Krasinski, the Ciechanow official in 1689. Zofia married Feliks Felicjan Korwin - Krasinski born in 1637, in Ciechanow. They had one son, Jan Jozef Ignacy Krasinski, born ca 1675 in Ciechanow, died ca 1764 in Krasne, close to PRZASNYSZ and villege Leszno {from Leszno came Wodkiewicz - Jaworska and net to Bogucka - Sedzicka; from Krasne - Nowotko of communist underground}!
Jan Jozef Ignacy Krasinski married to Elzbieta Teresa SOLTYK.

Damian Kazimierz Garczynski (b. ca 1653, d. 1709), the owner among others of
Sitno Niemieckie - 10 km south-east to Smilowo [or 8 km east to KARTUZY and 5 km west to Zukowo];
Zakrzewko / ZAKRZEWEK [5 km north-west to WIECBORK; 9 km north-west to SMILOWO],
Suchorask [5 km west to Sitno; 7 km south to SMILOWO], above Smilowo, 4 km east to Wiecbork [or 26 km north-west to MARGONIN];
Damian Garczynski took before 1700 ZBASZYN, 11 km north to CHOBIENICE.

Russian and Soviet intelligence carried out two coups in the US: 1901 and in 1963. It was one and the same organization that in 1917/1918 worked in Bolshevik Russia without a break and without change. Assassination of James Abram Garfield in 1881 by Charles J. Guiteau, and traces from the Warren Commission in 1963 led me to the Mscislaw province [now in Russia] that is to the village of Dudino - Monasterszczyzna.
Everything points to the Holynski family and the small village of Dudino inhabited in the 19th century by the Jewish community. The Monasterszczyna was a great estate of the Holynski family from the Mscislav province of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania [until 1772].

Dudino at present is the part of Monastyrshchina / Monasterszczyzna, it's just 1 / 2 km south-west to Monastyrshchina.

Abraham Zapruder's film indicates that the shot was also fired from the front. Testimonies from doctors at the hospital in Dallas tell us that the large wound on the back of Kennedy's head was the exit wound. Evidence of acoustic testing indicates that there were 4 shots, including one shot from the front.

In 1992, Dr. Crenshaw published his book titled 'Collusion of Silence'.
Dr. Creshaw, referring to what he saw with his own eyes on the operating table, said that Kennedy received a shot twice in front, once in the neck and once on the right side of the head.
This indicates that Oswald was not the only shooter. While he was trying to save the president's life, a strange man walked nervously around the operating room with his gun out. Dr. Creshaw goes on to say that the same man with a weapon appeared in the operating room when he was operating Oswald. At one point, Dr. Crenshaw was dismissed from the operating table by phone.
The newly sworn president Lyndon Johnson called, who wanted to get a testimony from dying Oswald and informed him that the agent in the operating room would accept this testimony. In this way, Crenshaw suggests that Johnson may have been part of the Kennedy plot. After Oswald was declared dead, he suddenly disappeared.
Dr. Charles Crenshaw ends his book with the following words:
"... 'The murder was a brutal action that changed our internal policy and outside and changed history. People who participated in this collusion of silence they are not heroes or great Americans. At most, they can be considered cowards, and at worst for conspirators. This plot must end'.

In addition to Oswald and Jack Ruby, several died in a few years, and some say even about a dozen people who were involved in the investigation of events in Dallas on November 22, 1963. There is no transcript of Oswald's auditions. Authorities confiscated several films made by viewers during the president's journey. After arriving at Bethesda near Washington, the president's body was wrapped in another material, and was in a different casket than when it was taken from the hospital in Dallas ... ".

On May 6, 2019 by Lawrence Goldstone about Leon Czolgosz in September 1901:
"... Within forty-eight hours, anarchist leaders were arrested in a number of American cities, most in Chicago, where Czolgosz had visited. Despite intense police grilling, although they admitted meeting Czologsz breifly, they denied all knowledge of the crime. In fact, one of the anarchists, Abe Isaak, published a warning in his newspaper, 'Free Society', that Czolgosz was likely a police agent. A warrant was also issued for Emma Goldman, the 'high priestess of anarchy', but she wasn't found until days later. ...".

J. L. Pattison in October 2018:
"... Another one of Oswald's ... friends was European emigre, Jerzy Mohrenschildt / George de Mohrenschildt, a petroleum geologist who just happened to be friends with CIA employee, George H. W. Bush. Yes, the same George H. W. Bush who would later become CIA director and the 41st president of the United States (and who claimed he couldn't remember where he was the day JFK was assassinated). ...
George de Mohrenschildt introduced Lee and Marina Oswald to Ruth Paine who allowed the Oswald family to move into her house in Irving, Texas.

Ruth Paine's mother-in-law was friends with Allen Dulles. Dulles was the United States CIA Director from 1953 until 1961 when he was fired by President John F. Kennedy.

... Conflict of interest notwithstanding, Allen Dulles was later assigned by President Lyndon B. Johnson to the Warren Commission to investigate the murder of JFK.
Not only did Ruth Paine's father, William Avery Hyde, have CIA connections - and at one time was under consideration for an undisclosed covert operation in Vietnam - and her sister, Sylvia Hoke, was an employee of the CIA in Falls Church, Virginia. ... It was Ruth Paine who recommended the job at the Texas School Book Depository (TSBD) to Lee Harvey Oswald. The TSBD was owned by Texas oilman, D. Harold Boyd who not only disliked JFK, but was also friends with George de Mohrenschildt.

Oswald began working at the TSBD on October 16, 1963 and was later accused of shooting JFK from that same building on November 22, 1963. Information that Oswald was an FBI informant came out during the Warren Commission investigation in January of 1964. ... It was also discovered that Oswald was an informant for the CIA. Former CIA accountant, James B. Wilcott, testified to the House Select Committee on Assassinations that Oswald was ... 'a regular employee, receiving a full-time salary for agent work for doing CIA operational work'. According to Dallas District Attorney, Henry Wade, Oswald's CIA informant number was 110669.
... According to Judyth Vary Baker, Oswald revealed to her that he had infiltrated a ring to assassinate JFK ... Oswald attempted to make an unsuccessful phone call from jail to a John David Hurt in Raleigh, North Carolina.

John David Hurt of Raleigh, North Carolina just happened to have been involved in U.S. counterintelligence during World War II. ... fingerprints of someone not employed at the TSBD were located in the 'sniper's nest'. Those prints belonged to Malcom 'Mac' Wallace. Malcom Wallace was a convicted murderer who shot and killed John Kinser on October 22, 1951. Kinser had been having an affair with Josefa Johnson who just so happened to be the sister of Lyndon Baines Johnson.

The same Lyndon Baines Johnson who would later become president when JFK was assassinated. ... Kinser ... was subsequently released after Bill Carroll and M. E. Ruby, both Lyndon B. Johnson financial supporters, posted his bail. ... the defense lawyer that represented Wallace in the murder trial was none other than LBJ's own attorney, James Cofer. ...".

Ruth Hyde Paine, born 1932, was a friend of Marina Oswald, who was living with her at the time of the JFK assassination.

Marguerite Frances Claverie Oswald Ekdahl, b. 1907, was a conspiracy theorist and the mother of Lee Harvey Oswald.

Lee Harvey Oswald's host in Texas was George de Mohrenschildt a Polish-Baltic German born petroleum engineer, relative of the Pilar-Pilchau of Parnu / Parnawa [my grandfather Jerzy or Marian Konstantynowicz was here until 1912].

Roman or Romuald Pilar Pilchau was long time top chief of the Soviet intelligence and counterintelligence until 1937.

Father of named George / Jerzy Mohrenschildt was the Nobel Company top director [one Nobel was the member of our Duflon and Konstantynowicz board of directors, with the Armands, our next of kin, and the family to Inessa Armand, the famous lover of Uljanov Lenin] and the Marshal of nobility in our the Minsk governorate [Zapolska was the mother of Jerzy].

Arlen Specter, b. 1930, d. 2012, was the assistant counsel for the Lyndon Johnson's Warren Commission, which investigated the assassination of John F. Kennedy. The recommendation was given by Gerald Ford.

Arlen was the son of Lillie Shanin
[from Russia, she was the daughter of
Mordecai Shanin, born in Mogilev by Dneper in Belarus {east to our Miezonka}!
The granddaughter of Yehuda Leb Shanin, b. 1847 + Anna UGEL;
and the great-granddaughter of Ansel Asher Shanin, b. 1825 in Russia, who was living in Dudino, the Monastyrshchina district, in the Smolensk prov.,
now in Russia - compare Konstantynowicz, HURKO, Holynski, Wollowicz and HORSKI]
and Harry Specter, from Bachkuryne in the Cherkasy district, Russia - now in Ukraine.

Specter was Jewish.
Harry Aaron Specter (1892 - 1964), died in Tel Aviv, Israel. They were friends to the Dole family, ie. of the politician Bob Dole.

Specter's father HARRY, served in the U.S. infantry during World War I. ARLEN was graduated Phi Beta Kappa, and he was a member of the Pi Lambda Phi fraternity. In 1951 to 1953 - an officer in the Air Force Office of Special Investigations. In 1953, he married Joan Levy. In 1967 ARLEN SPECTER was co-operated together with Tom Gola, the son of Ike Gola and Helen Gola. Gola's father come from Poland, as Galinsky.

Arlen worked for the Philadelphia law firm Dechert, Price and Rhoads; it was formed by MacVeagh, who was United States Attorney General under President James Garfield.
JAMES GARFIELD serving from 1881 until his death by assassination six and a half months later, by Charles J. Guiteau.

Guiteau was born in Freeport, whose family was of French Huguenot ancestry. Guiteau acted together with utopian socialist, John Humphrey Noyes.
NOYES founded the Communities, and is credited with coining the term 'complex marriage'. Noyes found ordinary sexual intercourse to be [by Wikipedia]: 'a momentary affair, terminating in exhaustion and disgust. ... The exhaustion which follows naturally breeds self-reproach and shame, and this leads to dislike and concealment of the sexual organs, which contract disagreeable associations from the fact that they are the instruments of pernicious excess.'
Masturbation and the practice of intercourse without intention to propagate was shameful and wasteful. Noyes did believe that women had the right to choose if and when to bear a child. Despite the "group marriage" aspects of that sect, GUITEAU was rejected during his five years there. He identified with the Democratic Party.
ARLEN Specter opened a law firm with Marvin Katz. Marvin Katz b. 1930, d. 2010.
Arlen Specter, b. 1930, d. 2012, worked for the Philadelphia law firm Dechert, Price and Rhoads;
it was formed by MacVeagh, who was United States Attorney General under President James Garfield.
Assassination of James Abram Garfield in 1881 by Charles J. Guiteau, and traces from the Warren Commission in 1963 led me to the Mscislaw province [now in Russia] that is to the village of Dudino - Monasterszczyzna. Everything points to the Holynski family and the small village of Dudino inhabited in the 19th century by the Jewish community.

Hale Boggs sat on the Warren Commission, which concluded that President Kennedy was slain by a lone assassin. Later, in 1971 and '72, Boggs said that the Warren Report was false and that J. Edgar Hoover's FBI not only helped cover up the JFK murder but blackmailed Congress with massive wire-tapping and spying.

BOGGS named Warren Commission staff member Arlen Specter as a major cover-up artist.
Congressman Boggs' plane disappeared on a flight to Alaska in 1972. The press, the military, and the CIA publicly proclaimed the plane could not be located. Investigators later said that was a lie, that the plane had been found. On the plane were Nick Begich, a very popular Democratic Congressman, and Don Jonz, an aide to Mr. Boggs. All were killed.

Wayne MacVeagh, who was United States Attorney General, was born in Phoenixville, in Pennsylvania, in 1833, the son of Major John MacVeagh and Margaret Lincoln. His brother, Franklin MacVeagh, was a banker and U.S. Secretary of the Treasury under President William Howard Taft.
Wayne MacVeagh was a brother of the Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity (Phi chapter). In 1875, MacVeagh co-founded the law firm known today as Dechert LLP. Dechert LLP is an international law firm.

Notable lawyers:
David N. Kelley, former United States Attorney and Deputy U.S. Attorney for the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York;
Norma Levy Shapiro, judge for the United States District Court Eastern District of Pennsylvania.
Arlen Specter, United States senator for Pennsylvania (1981 - 2011).
Scooter Libby, chief of staff to Vice President Dick Cheney (2001 - 2005), born to Jewish family in New Haven. his father, Irving Lewis Liebowitz, was an investment banker.
Cheryl Ann Krause, United States Circuit Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit. In 2014, President Obama nominated Krause to serve as a United States Circuit Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit.
Steven Engel, deputy assistant attorney general in the Office of Legal Counsel under George W. Bush and United States Assistant Attorney General.

Above Shapiro, born Norma Sondra Levy in Philadelphia, was nominated to the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania by President Jimmy Carter in 1978.

Monasterszczyzna was the property of Aleksander Holynski - inf. of 1855. Dudino at present is the part of Monastyrshchina / Monasterszczyzna, it's just 1 / 2 km south-west to Monastyrshchina. The Hoholowka farm was a part of this estate.

Holynski Aleksander Jan Joachim, b. 1816, close to Vicebsk / Witebsk, or in Krzyczew / Krichev. Died in 1893, in Lwow, or in Paris; traveler and publicist; in 1836 - 1837 with his brother Stefan Holynski, he traveled to the Middle East.

Holynski, Alexander (1816-1893) / Alexandre Jean Joachim Holinski visited Venezuela, described in 1853. Stefan was the friend of Juliusz Slowacki. They lived and were raised in their childhood in Krzyczew.
Aleksander was in the south California / Californie. He was writing on the Panama Canal. Aleksander Holynski emigrated after 1831/1832. He visited Egipt and Palestina, he was in Italy. Aleksander wrote 'La Californie et les routes interoceaniques' in Brussels in 1853.
His brother Stefan Holynski b. 1815, d. 1878, was the son of
Wincenty Michal Holynski and Emma.

Stefan Holynski b. 1815, was the husband of Maria with 2 sons: Wladyslaw Holynski [maybe with the son L. V. Golynsky who was the owner of Monasterszczyzna ca 1895] and Jan Holynski [Jan b. 1865 {1863}, had a son Jan Stefan Holynski = S. I. Golynsky, b. in 1889].


Laski, Ilinski, Duflon, Konstantynowicz in Petersburg.

CZACZ:
Ignatia Elzbieta Eufemia Jaraczewska, born Koczewska / Ignacja Kczewska, in 1759/1761 in CZACZ, the Koscian county, 4 kilometres north-east of Smigiel [here was living Rafal Tadeusz Gajewski (born in 1714, Czacz - d. 1776 in Borzeciczki or Srem, buried in Wolsztyn].
Above Ignacja Eufemia Kczewska b. ca 1759, m. Ignacy Jaraczewski b. ca 1760, with a son Adam Jaraczewski, 1785-1831.
Above Adam JARACZEWSKI m. in 1815 in Warsaw to Css Elzbieta Marianna Jozefa Krasinska of Krasne, 1791-1832, the daughter of Kazimierz Krasinski / Count Kazmierz Jan Krasinski, 1725-1802 + Anna Ossolinska.
Above Kazimierz Krasinski, the owner of Baranowo [here the ancestors of Marshal Konstanty Rokossowski; Kaczynski and Chudzik - my family line], died in Zegrze, was the son of Antoni Krasinski, the Zakroczym official, lived in 1693-1762 in ZEGRZE + Barbara Zielinska, ca 1690-1774.


Tadeusz Grabianka in 1802 found himself in Russia, i.e. in Ukraine. In the autumn of 1804, Grabianka found himself in Tulczyn with Stanislaw Szczesny Potocki (born 1751).
In 1805, the next protector of the "master" Tadeusz Grabianka, became Count August Ilinski (1766-1844), at whose invitation he arrived in St. Petersburg in August 1805.
Teresa Stadnicka, 1749-1826, the daughter of Stanislaw Stadnicki and Marta Lanckoronski, was the wife of named Tadeusz Grabianka.
So the main thought of the French-Polish-English Illuminati Order is the work of Tadeusz Grabianka.
The thought of taking power in Russia was a central idea guiding the Polish underground from the 80s of the 18th century until 1917. The continuator of the main thought of Tadeusz Grabianka about taking power in the tsar state - in the Russian Empire - was Jozef Pilsudski. Jozef Pilsudski was closest to Andrzejak in Stare Koluszki, Moscow and Miezonka - Konstantynowicz in Miezonka, Swolna, Moscow, Kazan, Tallinn and Viljandi - Zbieranowski.
But the thought of seizing power over freemasonry and secret societies in Europe went from the Stadnicki family since the 1740s. In the 18th century, the following families joined closely: Mniszech - Kalinowski - Stadnicki - Potocki and it's already in the 1750s.
Secret societies were created by Russian intelligence after around 1721, for the destruction of the colonial power of England and France, which was to allow the conquest of the Pacific coast from Kamchatka and Alaska to Oregon and California.
The occupation of Paris by the Russians was their greatest strategic success in the early 19th century. But the Crimean War showed the weakness of corrupt Russia defeated by France, England and Sardines. It was clearly the result of the counter-offensive of France and England in Europe.
Tadeusz Grabianka from the 1760s was intensively placed by his family in secret societies in Prussia and France. The next step was taking over of the Illuminati in the 1770s by the Stadnicki group - Grabianka - Tarnowski. Finally, in the 1780s Tadeusz Grabianka continued to create the main anti-Russian goals of the French-English-Polish Illuminati organization.
From the beginning of the 19th century, the Polish network of the Illuminati turned into a Polish underground resistance conspiracy [1819 - 1821 - 1830 - 1833]. The defeat of Polish uprisings and the breaking up of Polish conspiracy by the Russians in 1815-1865, this was the result of the infiltration of European secret societies by Moscow already at the stage of their establishment in the 1st half of the 18th century.
It was only the thought of the Illuminati from around 1870 that led to success - the creation of Lenin.
The Paszkowski family - Armand - Konstantynowicz and the Potocki family from Lubuszany - Berezina - Zator - Krzeszowice played the leading role in the years 1878 - 1918.
For sample only -
Colonel Marcin Tarnowski, died in ZATOR in 1862, the CONSPIRATOR and the ILLUMINATI, who was closest friend of TADEUSZ GRABIANKA, the Illuminati. Teresa Stadnicka, 1749-1826, the ILLUMINATI, the daughter of Stanislaw Stadnicki and Marta Lanckoronski, was the wife of Tadeusz Grabianka - the ILLUMINATI; they owned Sutkowice, Ostapkowice and Rajkowice at Podole / Podolia.
Named Stanislaw Stadnicki was the son of Jan Stadnicki [b. ca 1680 ?] and Katarzyna Peplowska - Stadnicka.

Tadeusz Grabianka from the 1760s was intensively placed by his family in secret societies in Prussia and France. The next step was taking over of the Illuminati in the 1770s by the Stadnicki group - Grabianka - Tarnowski. Finally, in the 1780s Tadeusz Grabianka continued to create the main anti-Russian goals of the Illuminati organization. From the beginning of the 19th century, the Polish network of the Illuminati turned into a Polish underground resistance conspiracy [1819 - 1821 - 1830 - 1833].

President Kennedy explained:
"...And as the true nature of the Communist conspiracy becomes better known around the globe, when people come to realize - as they surely will - that the Communist advance does not represent a means of liberation but represents a final enslavement, then I believe that they will rally to the cause to which we have given our support and our commitment"
and
"...For we are opposed around the world by a monolithic and ruthless conspiracy that relies primarily on covert means for expanding its sphere of influence - on infiltration instead of invasion, on subversion instead of elections, on intimidation instead of free choice, on guerrillas by night instead of armies by day.
It is a system which has conscripted vast human and material resources into the building of a tightly knit, highly efficient machine that combines military, diplomatic, intelligence, economic, scientific and political operations. Its preparations are concealed, not published. Its mistakes are buried, not headlined. Its dissenters are silenced, not praised. No expenditure is questioned, no rumor is printed, no secret is revealed. ...".

The true opinions are below:
"... The dark forces of secret societies have permeated our history ... The main areas of these conquests are the economy, religion, education, and politics. These societies usually practice odd rituals ...
It seems their reach is never ending, when you've been marked an enemy and we've seen many who have tried expose these forces lose their lives, in the process.
... the dark and shrouded history of these demonic forces and exposes their true history and agendas. Were the Illuminati behind the former Soviet Union and their secret service KGB? ...".
Russian intelligence conducts activities in 1945, 1977-1988, 2017-2018 from OPOCZNO County, in parallel with activities from Suwalki, Opoczno - ZARNOW [22 km south to Opoczno], and from Wloclawek - Brzesc Kujawski - Chocen [1983-2005 and 2013-2015 + Przasnysz - Rozan in July 1955 - 2018].

At the same time, the Russian military intelligence has been carrying out activities from Ploiesti, Bucharest, Timisoara from Romania, in 2005-2022.

Tadeusz Grabianka [during 1778/1779 - 1807] and the Templars [1785-1790-1805] tried to take over this enemy organization of Germans and Russians.
Weisshaupt's goal was the New World Order, a permanent revolution [compare PARVUS and Jean Phillipe Garran de Coulon] and destruction of the current order [see Nestor Trubecki and Lenin].
The organization of the GERMAN-RUSSIAN Illuminati was hierarchical, the individual degrees were isolated from each other.
It was forbidden to talk about the organization and its activities [compare the speech of John F. Kennedy in April 1961 on the secret societes ie. Russian communist network - the President expalin in the next day !]. The sect had three classes divided into two grades.
The criminality of the Illuminati's plans was confirmed in the Vatican by Cagliostro, in 1790, in front of a Roman tribunal of the Holy Inquisition.

And Abbe Barrvel wrote on the ILLUMINATI PLOT, in 1793, in his book "The memorials illustrating the stories of the Jacobins";
and in 1797 by professor John Robinson, the author of the book "Evidence of conspiracy" published in Great Britain.

All three conspiracy centers, Brittany, Malta, Scotland, were taken over by Russian intelligence. This happened gradually in the 18th century. Russia built its power in the 18th century and took every opportunity to act against France, anti-English, and anti-Spanish.
The goal was to conquer Western North America on the Pacific coasts.
This plan was implemented from the 20s of the 18th century by Peter the Great, to 60's of the 19th century when Alaska was sold to the Americans.
In much later times, Russian and Soviet intelligence carried out three coups in the US: 1881, in 1901 and in 1963.
Russian and Soviet intelligence carried out two coups in the US: 1901 and in 1963. It was one and the same organization that in 1917/1918 worked in Bolshevik Russia without a break and without change. Assassination of James Abram Garfield in 1881 by Charles J. Guiteau, and traces from the Warren Commission in 1963 led me to the Mscislaw province [now in Russia] that is to the village of Dudino - Monasterszczyzna. Everything points to the Holynski family and the small village of Dudino inhabited in the 19th century by the Jewish community. The Monasterszczyna was a great estate of the Holynski family from the Mscislav province of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania [until 1772].

Dudino at present is the part of Monastyrshchina / Monasterszczyzna, it's just 1 / 2 km south-west to Monastyrshchina. The Hoholowka farm was a part of this estate.

Michal Holynski, the Marshal of the nobility in Mohylew, b. ca 1760, married Teresa Ciechanowiecka, b. ca 1770, was the owner of named Monasterszczyna / Monasterszczyzna, and probably Dudino - ex Dukes Horski possession.

Arlen Specter, b. 1930, d. 2012, was the assistant counsel for the Lyndon Johnson's Warren Commission, which investigated the assassination of John F. Kennedy. The recommendation was given by Gerald Ford.
Arlen was the son of
Lillie Shanin [from Russia, she was the daughter of Mordecai Shanin, born in Mogilev by Dneper in Belarus {east to our Miezonka}!
The granddaughter of Yehuda Leb Shanin, b. 1847 + Anna UGEL;
and the great-granddaughter of Ansel Asher Shanin, b. 1825 in Russia, who was living in Dudino, the Monastyrshchina district, in the Smolensk prov., now in Russia - compare Konstantynowicz, HURKO, Holynski, Wollowicz and HORSKI]
and Harry Specter, from Bachkuryne in the Cherkasy district, Russia - now in Ukraine.
Specter was Jewish.
Harry Aaron Specter (1892 - 1964), died in Tel Aviv, Israel.
They were friends to the Dole family, ie. of the politician Bob Dole.
Specter's father HARRY, served in the U.S. infantry during World War I.
ARLEN was graduated Phi Beta Kappa, and he was a member of the Pi Lambda Phi fraternity. In 1951 to 1953 - an officer in the Air Force Office of Special Investigations.
In 1953, he married Joan Levy.
In 1967 ARLEN SPECTER was co-operated together with Tom Gola, the son of Ike Gola and Helen Gola. Gola's father come from Poland, as Galinsky.
Arlen worked for the Philadelphia law firm Dechert, Price and Rhoads; it was formed by MacVeagh, who was United States Attorney General under President James Garfield.
JAMES GARFIELD serving from 1881 until his death by assassination six and a half months later, by Charles J. Guiteau.
Russian and Soviet intelligence carried out two coups in the US: 1901 and in 1963. It was one and the same organization that in 1917/1918 worked in Bolshevik Russia without a break and without change.
They were looked after by people like:
Feliks Dzierzynski,
Uljanow Lenin,
Romuald Pilar Pilchau and
Artuzow Frautchi from Switzerland.

The transfer of people from the former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and Romania [Suczawa-Czerniowce-Jassy] began in the years 1860s and 1870s, mainly from modern Belarus, Lithuania and ethnic Poland. Often, to hide the origin and roots of these people [national minority from ex-Grand Duchy of Lithuania], they were given the term 'Russians' from 'Russia'. This applies, of course, to everyone from Zmudz / Samaites, around Grodno / Hrodna, and the Minsk Governorate of Belarus.

The Russians created ideologies for this underground political intelligence and the system of secret organizations [Freemasonry, too]. Marxism, atheism, and feminism as well abortion movement, mixed with anarchism, they were supposed to be the basis for contacts with Soviet Russia in the 1960s of the 20th century. There were quite other people behind direct killers in 1901 and 1963:
in 1901 they organized weapons and money, provided organizational contacts, and in 1963 they gave home, work and political contacts. An uninterrupted intelligence system is depicted on this website and on other pages in my domain 'konstantynowicz.info'.

This structure was based, among others on genealogies and places of residence in Belarus, Lithuania, Estonia, in Russia and Poland, as well as Scotland and Ireland. In addition, in France and Switzerland.

To conquer the North American west coast [Alaska - to California] they created - [beginning in 1721] through contacts on Malta - the intelligence network in Central and Western Europe [phase 1741-1791]. This organization was called the Illuminati [official beginnings of 1776/1778/1779].
In Poland it was built from the side of Kamieniec Podolski / Kamianets-Podilskyi and Podolia / Podole, through Warsaw and western Great Poland / Wielkopolska. In Germany:
Courland [then German-Polish territory], Konigsberg, Berlin, Neuchatel [then in Prussia], Brunswick and Strasbourg. In Great Britain: southern Ireland, Scotland, London.
In Russia, among others the Tver Governorate and Minsk Province in Belarus and the Vitebsk Governorate [together with Polish Livonia].

It was until 1870 / 1871-1909 but then the Illuminati turned into globalists, and from the 1950s-1960s the ideology of world globalization is also used, as well as globalism and atheistic liberalism derived from Marxism. After the 1963 coup in the US, globalists take over the US.

It allows for the 90s of the 20th century modernized Russia, and China had - after 2000 - the possibility of sucking money from the USA. Long-term goal:
seizing power over Northern Hemisphere after 2030.

Two coups in the US, September 1901 and November of 1963, and the murder of General Wladyslaw Sikorski in July 1943, as well as the Smolensk Catastrophe in April 2010 in Smolensk, are the result of the operation of one and the same intelligence organization created in Tsarist Russia, but infiltrated since the 1880s through the 19th century by the Polish independence conspiracy and by Baltic Germans
[Pilar-Pilchau; Mohrenschildt; Dzierzynski; Pilsudski; Paszkowski-Armand-Konstantynowicz of Miezonka and Moscow; Count Konstantin Alexander Karl Wilhelm Christoph von Benckendorff].

After 1871 [Albert Pike to Giuseppe Mazzini], it was known that British intelligence and the Polish underground aimed at overthrowing the family's power Romanov in Tsarist Russia [compare the branch of Romanov-Oldenburg-Japaridse-Armand-Saparian].

It was not until May 1937 that the communist Russian counterintelligence took over power again in Soviet Union [Great Purge], which led to the outbreak of the Second World War in September 1939.

So we have one underground system using social engineering:
Illuminati [Tadeusz Grabianka for Poland and Cagliostro for Russia],
globalists [Zbigniew Brzezinski],
Russian political intelligence [along with the network of Leopold Kronenberg and Loewenstein after 1865].

This hostile structure was ruled over Russia in Europe and North America after 1741 to 2016.

Cagliostro with Althotas, the member of the Knights of St. John, visited Turkey in 1762, and they back to Malta. Cagliostro again visited Malta after trips to North Africa and Europe, where new Grand Master de ROHAN-POLDUC, grant him a chivalrous dignity. In 1776 Giuseppe Balsamo came to London. Cagliostro learned about Freemasonry. He was admitted to the London 'Expectation' lodge on April 12, 1777 thanks to his influential friends. In England, he took the name of Count di Cagliostro. He wanted to reform this movement. In 1777 he was sent to prison for a short time; from London in 1778, went to the Netherlands, came to Paris in 1778.
Cagliostro found there a patron - Cardinal Louis de Rohan.
From Paris in 1778, came to Germany, and the Great Poland to ADAM PONINSKI. He went to Konigsberg and in COURLAND, Mitau / Mitava, and went to Saint Petersburg. Then from Warsaw, in a few months Cagliostro appears in Strazburg in 1780; he met Cardinal Rohan, to play a prominent role in Paris in 1781.
In 1782, Cagliostro founded the Order of Egyptian Masonry and stood at its head. As the Great Kopta he organized the Egyptian rite lodges in: England, France, Germany and Russia.

The MALTA Island was under the rule of the Order of St John of Jerusalem and had the Portuguese Fra Emmanuel Pinto as Grand Master (1741 - 1773). In 1762-1766, Cagliostro in Malta in the Pinto's laboratory. Acc. to Freller, the Grand Master of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta from 1741, was considered by Count Cagliostro as a true Illuminati.

Chancellor von KORFF in Konigsberg on 25th February 1779 thought Cagliostro is the secret Jesuit agent on a mission.


On 26 July 2023, Marius AKIM, ca 28 aged, 177 cm, Romani of Romania, under care of Police close to Szczecin, and also Jeleniewo close to Suwalki; with Canford 2 and Denmark 40 - he attacked, confident of the support of Watson and Romani clans. He was told to contact his Romanian intelligence superiors today. His dark brown face turned almost black with anger. A girl from Poland lined the bicycle lane, she waited, she was watched by a gray hairs Romani, 176 cm, 60 aged, who also appeared, oblong face, Semitic eyes, sharp nose - a permanent agent. The girl was transferred by the Foreign Intelligence Agency [24 July 2023 TVP Info indicated that this agency hid documents from Tusk's trip to Moscow to Putin in 2008] from Poland in or around 2008; is 36 years old now; Innovation Department; 155 cm, short dark cherry hair and very thick, like a barrel. The attacking me since 21 February 2023 until now, 23 July 2023, from the Denma. 68 and 74, Map. 20, W. 137, Garla. Rd 43A, 72, 134, 136, 140; Marius Akim [on 25 July 2023 three times like rat going around me]; Stert. Close 28, 22 and 24, with Ster. Close 1 and 2; with Ste. Rd 125, 66, 44, 94, 102, 6 and 16, is just a continuation of the activities of 16 May 2023/20 May 2023, when "deep state" called off the attack on me with accusations of THREAT to the environment at work - the action was carried out from Szczecin together with "Belo Horizonte province" from about 20 April 2023. On 25 July 2023, Piotr Czarnecki, Constitution Hill 9A, was waiting for me at footpath, together with a man with google for distance, Garland 53 right back home; Venezuela boy?, long black hairs, 28 years old, 177 cm, W. 94/96. On 24 July 2023, acted both parents at above Wi. 94/96, and fat 'mother' working at Buritto Bar of South America foods; old woman with long hairs, 180 cm, W. 56 / similar Marnhu. 18, with a nice daughter, black long hairs, 170 cm, 34 years old, acted aft. 2007.
Szczecin is net of General Jozef Flis, Romani/Sinti, and mother-in-law of the President Bronislaw Komorowski. This Police near Szczecin are connections to Stefan Niesiolowski from LODZ and to Senegal, and thus to Honoratow and the Natkanski family, together with Zbigniew Natkanski, who was a Jewish distributor for Glowno and Jan Olczyk [currently activities are carried out in Bratoszewice and Zgierz: Przemyslaw, a waiter from Piotrkowska Street, works from March 2005 to the present, on July 23, 2023], and to the Romani family of Lodz: Ostoja-Owsiany or Owsiany / Terlecki, and this is the Foreign Intelligence Agency in Lodz under the direction of Colonel Adam Owsiany, born around 1962. Owsiany intermarried Boryslawski in the old days, and this is the contact for the PRUSZAK family of Tczew and Zychlin: and this is the contact for Miroslaw Znyk Sobczyk and Waldemar Pawlak of Pacyna. Zbigniew Natkanski of Opoczno, Lodz, Honoratow and Ossa near Bialaczow is a connection to Robert Bubis, a little man from the Bialaczow area, a small gypsy provocateur. Bialaczow is the center of ILLUMINATI with connections to Rzeczycki of Pieniany near Tomaszow Lubelski, and to KRASICKI of the Nowy Sacz district; the same it is a chain of Berlin and family Ciecierski of Margonin, Stadnicki of the Kamionka near Nowy Sacz, Stadnicki and Wezyk near Pleszew and near my family in Orpiszewek and Pleszew together with Molski / Czarniecki / Zaleski branch: and this is a connection to the Nostitz-Jackowski family intermarried Andrzej Kiedrzynski born around 1710/1715. Nostitz-Jackowski owned property near LIPNO and CHELMZA - neighbors Kruszynski and family at the same time together with Garczynski near Koscierzyna, Wybicki near Koscierzyna, Karwat of Wichulec and Tczew, and this is a modern arrangement Jerzy Kruszynski acting as a spy near my parents after 1945 to around 1970. And this is also the Chelmza-Torun arrangement together with Piotr Szybko aka Szypko and Konicki, a gypsies families from Chelmza - together with Wabrzezno / Bydgoszcz / Torun / Tczew / Przybranowo near Aleksandrow Kujawski / Lipno / Wloclawek / Brzesc Kujawski / Chocen and Wola Nakonowska.


On July 4, 2008, Tusk said that the 'Shield' project may threaten Poland, because it mainly defends the USA. At 7.20 am on July 20, 2023, TVP Info reports for the first time that the amended contract was signed in August 2008, but the implementation was postponed - the ratification of the agreement was discussed only in 2011 by Komorowski - until September 2023. Well, on July 20, 2023, we have two gypsies outside my house - one is 17, works out at the gym, has pimples on his back, 178 cm, short hair, very large, hooked nose, long face, so-called devilish, so-called Semitic eyes; the tattoo behind the left ear / below the left ear, dark blue/navy blue, 7 cm high, two decorative letters, probably J and the right letter is C. And another Gypsy type Chinese, slanted eyes, long, Chinese, big fringe, 190 cm, about 19 years old, probably Wi. 159 or 169.
On July 20, 2023 at 20:49 it was reported that "The Prosecutor's Office [in Poland] is expanding the Smolensk investigation. Macierewicz on TV Republika:
'The report of the subcommittee as the main evidence ... information was first provided by [Macierewicz] in the program "W Punkt".' The Prosecutor's Office, after conducting the preliminary investigation, launched an investigation into the assassination attempt on the President of the Republic of Poland, attack on representatives of the Polish state [attack on April 10, 2010 in Smolensk], destruction of the plane by explosion and lead to the destruction of the basic structures of the Polish state. ... 'there is a hypothesis formulated that they are responsible structures of the Russian state. ... He emphasized that 'proceedings are not only about the destruction of the aircraft, but the entire assassination process [07 - 11 April 2010], which was supposed to lead to the destruction of the Polish state'.
Slanted-eyed, LGB... is working, Francesco Group Salon & Academy, resident Denma. 74 - Saturday, 15 July 2023 [and again on 04 September 2024], 12.30-13.10 + Romani of Denma. 40. On 17 July 2023, 12.44, Denmark 74 [68]; 12.35, a man, 182 cm, 40 yeras old, light brown face, limps slightly; 07.16 - the "uncle" at Sterte Road No 44 maybe, cat eyes, a little bald, 180 cm, 55 years old [again 7.14, 18 July 2023]; 07.00 - boy, 15 years old, St Margaret's 3, a little brown hairs.

We have the results of two my own provocations: 'japanese massage' at my You Tube and bike path, three times around! On July 18, 2023, panic raised at 14:10; a tall woman, 185 cm, jumped out, who helped yesterday 14.50 for Denmark 74, 14.40/15.00 - today on Tuesday, 18 JULY, she was placed [yesterday, 17 July, close to big shop was sent femous Denmark 74] in a hypermarket and works until 14.55, Wi. 137, friend of Sosnierz - the net of Szczecin Foreign Intelligene Agency - and net to Krystyna Podgor., 65 years old, the Tomaszow Mazowiecki district, active among the Polish community since the 80s, gypsy; the next people are Sterte Rd 44, so 'uncle' with cat eyes [description above], wife 36/38 years old blonde, 170 cm, her son, cat eyes, 16 years old, skinny, 180 cm, they are on vacation, working today from around 14.15 to 14.55; parallel Polish gypsy, 184 cm, rather thick, light glasses for distance, eyes with strong horseshoes around, rather small cat eyes, brown face, smokes e-cigarettes, blue shift with me, works 14.20-14.45. This brown gypsy with small eyes was guarded by an Askenazi Jew, red long beard, red hair, local policeman, fat, 180 cm, 35 years old, works 14.35-14.55, but he was looking back around 14.44/14.45. They had also helper from Police HQ: very thin, hands out, 190 cm, 52 aged, thin face, devil eyes, typical gypsy ['scarecrow' - hands to the sides, ass back, thin and 190 cm, face long and thin, but devilish eyes, slightly dark complexion, 'boss' of this action, THREAT to all Polish] - escaped to Police HQ but he was looking back around 15.15. And a woman, 35 years old, long dyed blonde hair, 187 cm, rather Jewish, always with a dog, works Monday and today Tuesday around 14.05/14.30, and once last week - a medium-sized dog. Let's remember that the action around me to prove that I am a THREAT lasts around February 21, 2023 and involves the development of structures with the symbol OBAMA / RESET. This is the same group of dangerous provocateurs as Sosnierz/Akim/Camopy and their bandit activities in April-July 2023. And Hungarian/Estonian/Russian/Jews actions aft. 13 March 2023 under command of SOROS.
George and Alex Soros going into 2024 election in US. Fox News on 18 July 2023 inf. about George and Alex Soros "have jumped into the 2024 presidential election by providing President Biden's campaign with maximum contributions. Financier George Soros and his son Alex SOROS provided maximum donations to President Biden's campaign during the second quarter. The father and son duo each cut $6,600 checks to Biden's re-election committee on June 30, 2023. ... Both George and Alex Soros will likely provide considerable amounts directly to Biden's re-election efforts and support outside super PACs backing his candidacy after helping to propel him during the 2020 elections. During the last presidential race, Alex Soros provided the Biden Victory Fund with over $720,000, while George Soros added more than $500,000 to the committee's coffers".
By Niezalezna.pl - "Deranged Jack Smith, DOJ [Justice] prosecutor of Joe Biden, sent a letter (it was Sunday night! - today we have Tuesday, 18 July 2023, and provocators against me 14.10/15.25, also from the local Police HQ) stating that I was the target of a grand jury investigation on January 6, and giving me a very short four days to appear before the grand jury juries, which almost always means arrest and charge," - Trump tweeted on his TRUTH Social. In a lengthy statement he posted, he said that he was once again the victim of political persecution and this is another "election interference", indicating that he is an opponent of President Biden in next year's election. At the same time, he maintained his false theses about electoral fraud. "This is a very sad and dark time for our nation," he said. Trump has so far been indicted in two cases, one involving his payment of silence to porn star Stormy Daniels, brought by the New York State Attorney's Office, and the other, related to the keeping of documents containing state secrets in his home, brought by specially appointed independent prosecutor Jack Smith.
Smith is also investigating the January 6 events and Trump's attempts to alter the election results. Additionally, Trump is under investigation by the Georgia state's attorney's office, which is investigating his pressure on local authorities to overturn the state's election results.
And by 'charismanews.com/politics/events' - Donald Trump on 10/14/2016, during a speech in Florida, Republican presidential nominee [said]:
"... The Washington establishment, and the financial and media corporations that fund it, exists for only one reason: to protect and enrich itself. The establishment has trillions of dollars at stake in this election. ... This is not simply another 4-year election. This is a crossroads in the history of our civilization that will determine whether or not We the People reclaim control over our government. The political establishment that is trying everything to stop us is the same group responsible for our disastrous trade deals, massive illegal immigration and economic and foreign policies that have bled this country dry. The political establishment has brought about the destruction of our factories and our jobs ... It's a global power structure that is responsible for the economic decisions that have robbed our working class, stripped our country of its wealth, and put that money into the pockets of a handful of large corporations and political entities. ... The Clinton Machine is at the center of this power structure. ... The most powerful weapon deployed by the Clintons is the corporate media
[Condoleezza Rice, the 66th United States Secretary of State, January 26, 2005 - January 20, 2009, under President George W. Bush; succeeded by Hillary Clinton. The 19th United States National Security Advisor, January 20, 2001 - January 26, 2005, preceded by Sandy Berger, succeeded by Stephen Hadley; the 8th Director of the Hoover Institution. Hillary CLINTON - the 67th United States Secretary of State, January 21, 2009 - February 1, 2013 under President Barack Obama; after Condoleezza Rice, succeeded by John Kerry].
... For them, it is a war - and for them, nothing is out of bounds. This is a struggle for the survival of our nation. This election will determine whether we are a free nation, or whether we have only the illusion of Democracy but are in fact controlled by a small handful of global special interests rigging the system. This is not just conspiracy but reality, and you and I know it. The establishment and their media enablers wield control over this nation through means that are well-known. Anyone who challenges their control is deemed a sexist, a racist, a xenophobe and morally deformed. They will attack you, they will slander you, they will seek to destroy your career and reputation
[the Sosnierz/Camopy action against me on 26 April 2023/16 May 2023/Camopy and me sick and Akim in June/26 July 2023].
And they will lie, lie and lie even more. ... Our great civilization, here in America and across the civilized world, has come upon a moment of reckoning. We've seen it in the United Kingdom, where they voted to liberate themselves from global government and global trade deals and global immigration deals that have destroyed their sovereignty. ... But the central base of world political power is here in America, and it is our corrupt political establishment that is the greatest power [Russian intelligence net in 1721/1741 until today, on 18 July 2023] behind the efforts at radical globalization and the disenfranchisement of working people. Their financial resources are unlimited. Their political resources are unlimited. Their media resources are unlimited. And, most importantly, the depths of their immorality is unlimited. Our political establishment has no soul. I knew these false attacks would come [against me 1972/2023]. I knew this day would arrive. And I knew the American people would rise above it and vote for the future they deserve. ... This is a conspiracy against you, the American people. This is our moment of reckoning as a society and as a civilization. ... This election is about every man, woman and child in our country who deserves to live in safety, prosperity and peace...".

As we can see, on July 18, 2023, we have a whole group consisting exclusively of gypsies from Poland [on 18 July 2023, until 14.44; a man with light far glasses, a gypsy with a dark face who has a break from work around 14.10 - this is the house of Sterte Rd 44 - cooperating with Sterte Rd 94 , 66, 16, 80, 84] and Jews [compare a red-haired Jew working in the Police HQ building, 07.31, light glasses for distance, close to Sterte Cl 28, pretending to be invalid, walking around with a shopping bag with the flag of the local country, like a Negro from Senegal, Wadiste el modou who hangs such a flag from the window - and a woman over 30 years old, tall, with a dog, pretending to be blonde, on 18 July 2023, probably Jewish, also entered the Police HQ building in June and July 2023, over 185 cm tall], rather locals, including red-haired Askenazi Jews. And the huge role of Soros [acted aft. March 2023, around 11 March] and his left-wing nonsense [Kaplan attaced Trump]. The only thing missing is a girl, 13 years old, who will lie down on the asphalt to attract attention, of course we have a whole group of underage children, and already sold by gypsy parents [12 years boy, coloured hairs, 150 cm, Kingst. Rd 67, 40, 6, 16, 78, and 69; a little fat girl, 13 years old, W. 135]. For example from Winterbou. 11 [and here No 14, 18, 17, 19]: at triangle taken by Foreign Intelligence Agency of Poland: Stoke. Avenue, 32 [and here No 70] - Polish high toll girl, 30 years old now, acted ca 2016; No 40 "Olo" of the drug net to W. 135 - Wroclaw spy; 15A - Polish little girl, 160 cm, 24 years old, acted May 2020; 15B - the similar hotel. After 2002, they were led by Colonel Adam Owsiany from Lodz, born around 1962, and General Zbigniew Nowek from Bydgoszcz-Torun, Sinti slant-eyed, and General Jozef Flis from Lublin, "chinese" eyes, in the 80' of the 20th century in Szczecin. So teenagers are: girl, 16 years old from Stokes Av 66 - a Polish girl 15 years old in 2022, slim, about 175 cm, blonde with long hair, uses STOKES AVENUE 66, right door, K700PEB helps her. Stokes Avenue 66 is a security [in 2014-2015, tall boy, 30 years old, long face, 185 cm] for Winterbourne 18, that is for the network created by P., ex-Police and Szczecin-Pogodno resident. This network also works with Denmark 2/4. On 09 June 2021, 16.30-17.00, St Mary's 74, very long hair, Romani of POLAND, big nose, Balkan eyes, 175 cm. Sunday, 13 June 2021, 10.39, action with Tatnam Crescent 6 - guy, of Bydgoszcz probably, a flat face like horse, gray-white hair, very short, bald, 55/60 years old, strong, well-built figure, free step, runs 10.39-11.45. Works together with Stokes Av 28, Romani of Poland, very long dark hair and big nose, tattoo all the way to the neck, 60 aged. And Winterbourne Close 11: boy 16 years old, very black hair. And Stokes Avenue (Winterbourne 18 co-operated with Stokes Avenue 66 after 2014 until October 2022. Observers at: Stokes 66; Stokes No 40 - lady 50 years old; Stokes No 2 - girl 15, fat, long hairs. On October 13, 2022, Thursday, somebody change software of my tools; time 16.10, action starts with LGBT, 13 years, 165 cm, oblong face, sharp gypsy nose and Chinese eyes; next is a Polish girl 15 years old, slim, about 175 cm, blonde with long hair, uses STOKES AVENUE 66, right door, from 16.12 to 16.40, then K700PEB helps her. Stokes Avenue 66 is a security [in 2014-2015, tall boy, 30 years old, long face, 185 cm] for Winterbourne 18, that is for the network created by P., ex-Police and Szczecin-Pogodno resident. This network also works with Denmark 2/4. On 09 June 2021, 16.30-17.00, St Mary's 74, very long hair, Romani of POLAND, big nose, Balkan eyes, 175 cm. Sunday, 13 June 2021, 10.39, action with Tatnam Crescent 6 - guy, of Bydgoszcz probably, a flat face like horse, gray-white hair, very short, bald, 55/60 years old, strong, well-built figure, free step, runs 10.39- 11.45. Works together with Stokes 28, Romani of Poland, very long dark hair and big nose, tattoo all the way to the neck, 60 aged; 13.03-13.09 the same day 13 June. On June 13, 19, Sinti of Skalna 15 and T. 1B, girl, 175 cm, move out around December 2020. On 15 July 2022, Piotr Szybko / Piotr Szypko from Chelmza / Torun-Wrzosy, 15.15; together with W. 131 [and here Jewish family at No 135 with 143, 137, 89, 91, 95, 97, 99, 129, 153, 201, 209, 156, 170, 46, 48, 54A, 74, 187, 60, 62, 80, 86, 88, 92, 94/96, 100, 98B, 102], big tatoo on the right low hand, inner side, blue colour, and on the left low part of the hand smaller tatoo, blue of course. Strongly mixed roots - Jew? The same man, 178/183 cm, W. 131, on 20 July 2022, 07.11-07.19; together with on 20 July 2022, 16.02-16.20, red hair man, strong google to distance, no hair on top of head, 178 cm, 40 years old, Stokes Avenue 29, FG62XDT; together with second man dressed blue t-shirt, 40 years old, 16.10; and boy 17 years old, 180 cm, 16.01; on 15 July and on 20 July 2022, the group of General Z. NOWEK of Bydgoszcz-Torun-Chelmza. On July 8, 2022, the pressure of Jews and Gypsies did not end on me. On that day 08 July 2022, wanted to send me to a job where I had damaged my spine and from which I quit. On 09 May 2023 Szczecin would like change my job position maybe to ex-post). And Winterbourne Close 11: boy 16 years old, very black hair. Compare on the last days of December 2022 and on January 04, 2023, 15.34 with the different boy, black hairs, who ran out of the house and he back to home at Christopher CRES around 226, 16.20/16.25 with phone links to boss of the action - my end of work 15.34 - 15.39/15.42, collaborated with Albacete, hands fully tattooed in color, earrings in ears, very strong distance glasses, 180 cm, 30 years old - our today's agent has been operating for 3 years, the son of a Civil Intelligence woman-agent, Romani roots, small head, cat's eyes, black Asian type eyes; short hair very black, skinny, born in 2006 abroad, gypsy parents from Poland, residing in a former housing estate for Wabrzezno and Przybranowo; height 177 cm currently - 16.15/16.25 interacted with an ethnic gypsy, 35 years old, 175 cm, slightly black face, head like the devil, residing in HEATH AVE - our 16-year-old Romani of Poland, residing Christopher CRES No 226. Similarly, a 16-year-old from Winterbourne CL No 11 on 29 December 2022. And boy, 16 yeras old in 2023, Christopher Crescent 226 in 2022. The Foreign Intelligence Agency of Lodz-Bydgoszcz-Szczecin and 14 years old, maybe from Bulgaria [acted Sunday, 21 May and Monday, 22 May 2023, 16.15-16.30, together with a Gypsy boy, 30 years old, 1 minute before her], light black face, thick lips, 160 cm, Wi. 46 [the 1st floor, not ground]; blonde boy, 155 cm, 12/13 years old, Kingston 67, not how he was hiding in Number 69; together with them there is now a gypsy, alcoholic, tattooed, 188 cm, very fat, from Poland, Stokes 28; provocateur, 14 years old, long black hair, from Garland 72 - people who have been spying on this building for about 15 years now; Sterte Cl 24 - building in 2 generations for Polish gypsies spying for the Foreign Intelligence Agency from Lodz; Sterte Cl, 28, two families, including a 14-year-old girl, wearing broken tights, long red hair; and blonde girl, probably from Poland, slanted eyes, has a sister, 160 cm, runs very fast, works in a school for 7-year-olds, Sterte Rd 44. On 18 May 2023, we have in May 2023, three girls-provocators: 14 years old, black long hairs, 160 cm, Garland 72 [the same team like Stokes Av. - Stokes 28, Romani of Poland, very long dark hair and big nose, tattoo all the way to the neck, 60 aged], the house with few cameras around; Wi. 46, light black face, light fat, 155 cm, 14 yeras old; Ster. Close 28 [fat, 14 years old, long red hairs, 165 cm, Polish probably - the same team like Jew, black or red short hairs, google for distance - at car park at rear of Sterte Close 24] near to boy-provocator, 16 years old, Polish Romani. And 09 May 2023 [!], girl-provocator with broken pantyhose, Sterte Close 24/28, close to Romani boy of Sterte Close 24 - he acted 07.55-08.14 on 09 May 2023, but the girl, fat, long red hairs, at 18.20-18.35. She was looking few times to back, 16 years old. Amazing, Sterte Close 24 is the layout of Justyna of Lodz. And this is an intelligence network built around Szczecin and Police near Szczecin in 2007 / 26 April 2023 - and this is link to Wadiste el modou of Senegal who attacked me in the Maple store. Justyna was the bodyguard for Denmark 74 / 68, who also used Maple 20, Arabic face high 190 cm man, 35 years old. And here we already have the LGB community... and Adam Owsiany of Lodz, director of the Human Resources Department in the Warsaw Foreign Intelligence Agency, around 2006-2009. And this is the spy network of Leszek Moczulski, under the protection of Bronislaw Geremek of Dzbadz near Rozany. Sterte Close 24 has been operating since around 2010 in two generations of Romani families from Poland. And this happened on May 09, 2023, repeating the provocations with girl on May 08, 2023. At the same time, on 09 May 2023, Donald Trump was attacked in New York. Action has boss Roberta Ann Kaplan (born 1966), an American lawyer. Kaplan joined Paul Weiss in 1996 and was made partner in 1999. She has served on the board and as chair of the board of the Gay Men's Health Crisis, which created the Roberta Kaplan Legal Center to provide free legal services. In July 2017, Kaplan founded Kaplan Hecker and Fink LLP, a law firm. Roberta Kaplan grew up in a Jewish family. LGBT scholar and activist Aaron Belkin was Kaplan's high school friend. She earned an B.A. in Russian history and literature. While in college she spent a semester abroad in Moscow and 'discovered a passion for political activism when she became active in the movement to free Soviet Jewry' - compare the Sandberg family in Romania, Moldowa and ukraine in the 70' of the 20th century. On 09 May 2023, KAPLAN acted against Trump. Co-operated with Mark Lawrence Wolf (born November 23, 1946). Kaplan is friend to Jews from Poland - from Benjamin and Lena (nee Cohen) Smith, Jewish immigrants from Poland who lived on a farm in Sullivan County, New York. And I found proof of secret following my YouTube account [key: massage in 2022/2023]. On May 08, 2023, a girl aged 13/14, with a light-haired dog, 160/165 cm, connected by mobile phone to the head of the action called "threat / threatening" {about me on 26 April 2023 from Szczecin / Police / Lodz - the link to Romani woman Justyna of Lodz, 41 years old, 165 cm, cat eyes}, which the intelligence center SZCZECIN / Police near Szczecin wants to attribute to me, i.e. a net covering mother-in-law of Bronislawa Komorowski, General Jozef Flis, Nowakowska, and unfortunately P. from around April 23, 2023 to tomorrow May 09, 2023 [Victory Day for Putin and Netanyakh]; so the girl described above acted in short trousers, 165 cm, 14 years old, dyed brunette with long hair, works in April near Tatnam 1B, the former home of a gypsy family from Lodz. The girl worked from 18.06, when she jumped out of the house with her dog, until around 18.20, when she called the police because she was "DANGER THREATENING" - that is, the word "threatening" of April 26, 2023, signed by Szczecin, i.e. the Senegal, Niesiolowski, General Flis, mother-in-law Bronislaw Komorowski net. The girl continued to follow me and 18.55-19.02 provoked me on Stokes Avenue; and then 19.25-19.34, operated with a dog Venezuela refugee, 180 cm, mustache, cat's eyes, black beard and medium black hair - it's already a detective firm from Garland 136, and Venezuela lives on Garland 134 [Region Security Guarding Ltd; and Piotr Jar... was resident here in 2008, and he acted on {and 07 May 2023} 08 April 2023, like street spy 16.15-16.30 + 190 cm boy, skinny, little head, 28 years old + fat girl, long black-brown haires, 165 cm 18.00-18.15]. Protection on 08 May 2023 was by WF06RXX, BEC15X, boss of security cameras at Cooperative Foods [in April 2023 he opened door for above girl-provocator, 165 cm, 14 years old, with big dog - the door to residential part of this building]. This provocator-girl, 13/14 years old, black long hairs, with dog, co-operated with observers at Haynes Rd.
And about November 25, 2016 began an unprecedented attack on Trump. Who led the attack? Jill Ellen Stein born in 1950, an American physician, activist, and politician. Stein was born in Chicago, the daughter of Gladys Wool and Joseph Stein. By Wikipedia: "...Her parents were from Russian Jewish families, and Stein was raised in a Reform Jewish household, attending Chicago's North Shore Congregation Israel, a Reform synagogue...". She is the Ashkenazi Jewish family.
"Jill's paternal grandparents were Abraham 'Abe' Stein and Lillian / Lily Zeidman / Zudman (the daughter of Joseph Zeidman and Sarah Green). Abraham was a Jewish immigrant from Russia / Poland. Lillian was born in London, England, to Russian Jewish parents. Jill's maternal grandparents were Israel William Wool (the son of Aaron Wool and Rose Lerner) and Mae Surslossky / Swislow. Israel and Mae were Russian Jewish immigrants. Israel was from Volhynia [ex Poland]. Aaron was the son of Joseph Wool".
Above Abraham Stein b. 1903 in Latvia, d. 1971 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. We know on Abraham Stein b. 1905, died in 1971 in Pa, USA. The same? ABRAHAM STEIN b. 1895, d. 1971 in Philadelphia.
Read more: locateancestors.com/abraham-stein. Place of Burial in Jenkintown, PA, USA - this is Philadelphia!
Abraham was the son of Morris Stein and Eva Stein; Abraham was the husband of Helen Stein - not Lillian. Above Eva Stein (Glass) b. 1872 in Lithuania - ex Poland, died 1946 in Phila in Pennsylvania, United States. Mother of Ethel Stein; Abraham Stein; Benjamin Stein; Phillip Stein and Leon Stein. Above Morris Stein b. 1874 in Lithuania, d. 1950 in Phila, Pennsylvania, United States.

CBS News contributor, David_Leavitt says he hopes Donald Trump dies before being sworn in as President. David Leavitt wrote down: "Trump died sleeping" - 3:49 AM - 30 Nov 2016 - Boston, MA [https://twitter.com/DrDavidDuke/status/803977428179808256].
David Leavitt born 1961, is an American writer of novels, short stories, and non-fiction. He said - "I am the youngest son of a youngest son of a youngest son. ... All four of my grandparents were Jewish immigrants from the Pale of Settlement. Leavitt, a Mayflower name, is my grandfather's Americanization of Labovitz, which was in turn his father's Russianization of Lieb. Just as, in the Lithuania of the 1850s, a Russian name was considered better than a German name, so, in the Boston of the 1890s, a Mayflower name was considered better than a Russian name. My paternal grandfather, Joe Leavitt, owned a dress shop in Lynn. ... He and his wife, May, had eleven children... My father, Harold, was the baby of the family. He went to Harvard as an undergraduate, then earned his MA from Brown and his PhD from MIT. ...".
The Pale of Settlement "...was a western region of Imperial Russia with varying borders that existed from 1791 to 1917, in which permanent residency by Jews was allowed and beyond which Jewish permanent residency was generally prohibited. However, Jews were excluded from residency in a number of cities within the Pale, and a limited number of categories of Jews...", by Wikipedia.
Above Joseph Leavitt (Labovitz / Lieb) b. 1877 or 1878 in Lithuania / ex-Poland, died in Suffolk, Massachusetts, United States. Marriage: Massachusetts, USA. His father: Samuel Labovitz. Mother: Ida Sarah Apreyafski / Aprejawski. That is Samuel Labovitz b. 1838 in Russia and Ida Apreyafski.
Joseph Leavitt (Labovitz ) b. 1877 or 1878 in Lithuania / ex-Poland, married Mamie Lapata b. January 1880 in Kushan, the Kovno government, in Russia / Lithuania [where ? - maybe Kurszany / Kursenai / Kurlenai, 23 km to Szawle / Siauliai; south-west of JONISKIS and Zagare, east of Telsiai / Telsze; in 1564 - Jerzy Despot-Zenowicz (1510-1583); then to the Pac family - Stefan Pac (1587-1640) in 1631 sold the estate to Jerzy Gruzewski (1600-1651) who was married to Marianna Podbereska (1590-?); Gruzewski - to 1939 [Jerzy Gruzewski killed in Majdanek]; mainly Jewish population. Kurszany in 1717 belonged to Jakub Gruzewski (1670-?), grandson of Jerzy; Jakub m. Anna Potocka (1680-?) - Pilawa; Kurszany ca 1800 to Stefan Gruzewski (1776-1826), m. JAlzefa Swiderska (1797-1826). In 1826 Edward and Wespazjan, taken all assets - Kurszany to Edward Gruzewski (1830-1896) {born 1810 ?}, m. Aniela Dymsza (1830-?). In 1811 in Kurszany was Stefan Gruzewski, who built a court - manor; next was Jan (1860-?), son of above named EDWARD, m. Helena Skowronska (1860-?), and the last was Jerzy Gruzewski (1890-1943), son of above JAN, m. Barbara Puzyna (1888-1939). Also read on Siauliai - see Billewicz, Pilsudski, ZUBOV; ZAGARY - see Zubov; JONISKIS - see Komorowski and Zubov];
marriage on 25 December 1898 in Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts, United States. Children were born since 1899 in Boston - to Stanley Leavitt b. 1918, Helen Labovitz (Leavitt) b. 1920, and last Harold Jack Leavitt b. 1922 in Lynn, Massachusetts, United States.
Above Joe Leavitt (Labovitz) married to Mamie Lapta / Mamie (Mae) Lapata (born 1880).

"... Prime Minister Donald Tusk is guilty of abandoning efforts to return to Poland evidence of the investigation into the disaster in the form of a wreck, black boxes, a satellite phone and other items held by the Russian Federation. The result of this omission was storage of the remains of the wreckage in conditions inconsistent with the standards used in the case of air crash investigations (and described, among others, in Annex 13 to the Chicago Convention) and deliberate destruction of the wreckage by the officers of the Russian Federation, which could lead to damage or obliteration of significant traces, and what had all the hallmarks of destroying the evidence necessary for the investigation. ... Tu-154M No. 101 black box found at the crash site in Smolensk at 8:55 - 9:00 am Polish time by TVP editor Slawomir Wisniewski and visible on the film broadcast by Russian television around 1:00 pm. According to RIA-Novosti, Russian services found it three hours later. Col. Krzysztof Parulski, former Chief Military Prosecutor, reported in June 2010 in the Senate of the Republic of Poland that the box was extracted from the mud in his presence on the evening of April 10, 2010.
... European Union and NATO experts expressed their readiness to help investigate the causes of the Polish plane crash, but Russian and Polish decision-makers rejected these proposals during the meeting of the Putin Commission in Moscow on April 13, 2010 (the transcript of the Commission meeting is at the disposal of the Parliamentary Group). The United States also offered Poland all available help. This was emphasized by the spokesman of the State Department in January 2011 and May 2012, as well as by President Barack Obama during his visit to Poland in 2012. But the first satelite photo [made 10 minutes after catastrofe] back to us Donald Trump. Donald Tusk's government systematically rejects these offers. The initiatives of many Polish experts and scientists who offered selfless help were treated in a similar way. In turn, the Military Prosecutor's Office brought proceedings against prosecutor Marek Pasionek for attempting to obtain information from American services while supervising the Smolensk investigation. Against the background of such behavior of the prosecutor's office, the ignoring of prof. Karol Sliwka - Head of the Department of Forensic Medicine of the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, that together with the whole team he is ready to participate in the examination of the bodies of the victims. The Parliamentary Team has information indicating that Donald Tusk also rejected the offer of help offered by French President Nicolas Sarkozy. The government of Prime Minister Tusk is against the appointment of the International Commission to investigate the Smolensk catastrophe, and also refuses to appoint the Commission for the Investigation of State Aviation Accidents to investigate new circumstances revealed, among others, by by the Institute of Forensic Expertise of Jan Sehn.
... Minister R. Sikorski, exceeding his powers, acted to the detriment of the investigation and to the detriment of the Polish State by destroying and hiding evidence (e.g. documents of Minister Tomasz Merta, documentation of talks with, among others, the Operations Center of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs). At the same time, he did not take steps to: - adoption of the appropriate procedure for investigating the causes of the disaster,
- recovery of evidence relevant to determining the true causes of the disaster,
- proper protection of the property of the victims of the disaster (which allowed for their destruction, loss or unlawful use). ...
On the night of 10/11 April 2010, representatives of the military prosecutor's office (Chief Military Prosecutor Colonel Krzysztof Parulski, prosecutor of the Warsaw Military District Colonel Ireneusz Szelag), the Military Police and the Internal Security Agency participated in a meeting of Russian prosecutors chaired by the Deputy Prosecutor General of Russia Aleksandr Bastrykin. The Polish representatives did not oppose and tacitly agreed with the statement of the Russian side not to analyze other causes of the crash than possible errors of the pilots and ground staff, weather conditions and the technical condition of the aircraft. According to the minutes of the meeting, the Russians stated that:
(...) the basic versions of the event are:
1. Possibly incorrect technical condition of the aircraft.
2. Complicated weather conditions making it difficult to control the aircraft.
3. Possible improper operation of the aircraft crew and ground staff of the airport dispatching services.
Polish prosecutors accepted the Russians' ruling passively, without answering, and did not indicate that other scenarios should also be taken into account. The Military Prosecutor's Office has been operating in accordance with the obligations assumed at that time.

... The Marshal of the Sejm of the Republic of Poland, Bronislaw Komorowski, took over power on the basis of a statement by Russian President Dmitry Medvedev [Medvedev and Obama signed nuclear agreement in Prague on 08 April 2010], without waiting for evidence of the death of President Lech Kaczynski. This is inconsistent with the Constitution of the Republic of Poland. It should be emphasized that there is no documentation stating that President Medvedev had reliable information about the death of President Lech Kaczynski. According to available sources, the body of the President of the Republic of Poland was found on April 10, 2010 after 17:00 Polish time, i.e. after the conversation between D. Medvedev and B. Komorowski.

Thus, Komorowski's action bore the hallmarks of an agreement with a foreign power, which violated the law in force in Poland. Minister Andrzej Duda, in a conversation with Minister Jacek Sasin in the afternoon hours of April 10, 2010, described these actions as a 'coup d'etat'. ... The Parliamentary Team has confirmed and reliable records of the conversation conducted by Minister Bogdan Klich with Col. Edmund Klich on April 22, 2010, during which the issue of hiding the report of the Polish expert Col. M. Milanowski of April 15, 2010. Minister B. Klich stated that the report established that 'Russians are to blame for the catastrophe' in which the Polish President and a large part of the Polish state elite died. The Minister of National Defense B. Klich and the accredited Republic of Poland at the MAK Colonel E. Klich are guilty of acting to the detriment of the investigation and the security of the Republic of Poland by hiding the report of Polish experts submitted to the state authorities from the prosecutor's office and the public. These actions misled the law enforcement authorities and harmed Poland's international interests: the international opinion has perpetuated the belief that the Polish pilots are responsible for the disaster, and that the Russian side is innocent. ... The former Chief of the Chief Military Prosecutor's Office, Prosecutor Gen. Krzysztof Parulski, is guilty of failing to secure and examine the crash site, in particular the bodies of the victims, to conduct an autopsy in the presence of Polish prosecutors and pathologists, and to fail to examine the bodies of the victims - important evidence in the case - after they have been transported to Polish.

... The Military Prosecutor's Office, Minister of Justice Krzysztof Kwiatkowski and Minister of Health Ewa Kopacz, and above all the Council of Ministers, which finally made such a decision, are guilty of not admitting - despite the official request of the families of the victims of the catastrophe - the American forensic pathologist prof. Michael Baden to participate or assist in the examination of the exhumed bodies of Przemyslaw Gosiewski and Janusz Kurtyka."

And 09 May 2023, girl-provocator with broken pantyhose, Sterte Close 24/28, close to Romani boy of Sterte Close 24 - he acted 07.55-08.14 on 09 May 2023, but the girl, fat, long red hairs, at 18.20-18.35. She was looking few times to back, 16 years old. Amazing, Sterte Close 24 is the layout of Justyna of Lodz. And this is an intelligence network built around Szczecin and Police near Szczecin in 2007 / 26 April 2023 - and this is link to Wadiste el modou of Senegal who attacked me in the Maple store. Justyna was the bodyguard for Denmark 74 / 68, who also used Maple 20, Arabic face high 190 cm man, 35 years old. And here we already have the LGB community... and Adam Owsiany of Lodz, director of the Human Resources Department in the Warsaw Foreign Intelligence Agency, around 2006-2009. And this is the spy network of Leszek Moczulski, under the protection of Bronislaw Geremek of Dzbadz near Rozany. Sterte Close 24 has been operating since around 2010 in two generations of Romani families from Poland. And this happened on May 09, 2023, repeating the provocations with girl on May 08, 2023.

At the same time, on 09 May 2023, Donald Trump was attacked in New York. Action has boss Roberta Ann Kaplan (born 1966), an American lawyer. Kaplan joined Paul Weiss in 1996 and was made partner in 1999. She has served on the board and as chair of the board of the Gay Men's Health Crisis, which created the Roberta Kaplan Legal Center to provide free legal services. In July 2017, Kaplan founded Kaplan Hecker and Fink LLP, a law firm. Roberta Kaplan grew up in a Jewish family. LGBT scholar and activist Aaron Belkin was Kaplan's high school friend. She earned an B.A. in Russian history and literature. While in college she spent a semester abroad in Moscow and 'discovered a passion for political activism when she became active in the movement to free Soviet Jewry' - compare the Sandberg family in Romania, Moldowa and ukraine in the 70' of the 20th century. On 09 May 2023, KAPLAN acted against Trump. Co-operated with Mark Lawrence Wolf (born November 23, 1946). Kaplan is friend to Jews from Poland - from Benjamin and Lena (nee Cohen) Smith, Jewish immigrants from Poland who lived on a farm in Sullivan County, New York. And I found proof of secret following my YouTube account [key: massage in 2022/2023].
On May 08, 2023, a girl aged 13/14, with a light-haired dog, 160/165 cm, connected by mobile phone to the head of the action called "threat / threatening" {about me on 26 April 2023 from Szczecin / Police / Lodz - the link to Romani woman Justyna of Lodz, 41 years old, 165 cm, cat eyes}, which the intelligence center SZCZECIN / Police near Szczecin wants to attribute to me, i.e. a net covering mother-in-law of Bronislawa Komorowski, General Jozef Flis, Nowakowska, and unfortunately P. from around April 23, 2023 to tomorrow May 09, 2023 [Victory Day for Putin and Netanyakh]; so the girl described above acted in short trousers, 165 cm, 14 years old, dyed brunette with long hair, works in April near Tatnam 1B, the former home of a gypsy family from Lodz. The girl worked from 18.06, when she jumped out of the house with her dog, until around 18.20, when she called the police because she was "DANGER THREATENING" - that is, the word "threatening" of April 26, 2023, signed by Szczecin, i.e. the Senegal, Niesiolowski, General Flis, mother-in-law Bronislaw Komorowski net. The girl continued to follow me and 18.55-19.02 provoked me on Stokes Avenue; and then 19.25-19.34, operated with a dog Venezuela refugee, 180 cm, mustache, cat's eyes, black beard and medium black hair - it's already a detective firm from Garland 136, and Venezuela lives on Garland 134 [Region Security Guarding Ltd; and Piotr Jar... was resident here in 2008, and he acted on {and 07 May 2023} 08 April 2023, like street spy 16.15-16.30 + 190 cm boy, skinny, little head, 28 years old + fat girl, long black-brown haires, 165 cm 18.00-18.15]. Protection on 08 May 2023 was by WF06RXX, BEC15X, boss of security cameras at Cooperative Foods [in April 2023 he opened door for above girl-provocator, 165 cm, 14 years old, with big dog - the door to residential part of this building].
This provocator-girl, 13/14 years old, black long hairs, with dog, co-operated with observers at Haynes
(the Sky broadband blocked on 29 March 2021 - and I had blocked domain on 25 October 2022 - transmission of my domain konstantynowicz.info. Explanation was: hate and gore. Again on 30 March 2021. I checked firewall and talked... On April 5, 2021 my website categories were changed to "entertainment" and "arts". It caused a gy... howl from man, 30 years old, RAD1 on April 6 [175 cm, strong physique, drug addict - a link to Tatnam 113/115], and an earlier howl on the cliff of a gy... probably from Slovakia + long-haired miss, about 28 years old, resident at Haynes 15. On 24 March 2022, Haynes 15 and Haynes 5 - ...BYS. Romani of Spain or Romania, 185 cm, 35 years old, 16.40. Similarly, a girl watched my house on May 10, 2021, 16.50, thick, white, long, very blonde hair with orange highlights, thick legs; upper legs, thighs, tightly connected to each other, around 25 years old, TATNAM 113 - a hotel for several observers from Venezuela, Romania, Poland and Slovakia [she was secured by a boyfriend, white, Wi. 95; 28 years, 175 cm, moustache, 17.02 on 10 May 2021 + 17.25-17.35, boy, Romania, 165 cm, slim, beard, black hair, glasses for go, at W. 102 - next hotel for observers from Romania, Spain, Venezuela]. They co-operated with the Burleigh Hotel and with the Co-operativa Foods, on 04 October 2020, 06.13-06.45, fat young girl, 170 cm, 25 years old; and with Tatnam 113, at a garret - young fat boy, night shift, long black hair, 175 cm, 27 years old - and on 26 October 2022 right now 29 years old, very strong google for distance. And 19 years old boy at Wi. 159 [Polish, ex-W. 98B], a huge head of blond-red hair and 179 cm; the last co-operated with Ster. Close 24, KN05SZJ, 16 or 17 years old boy, of Poland, Romani, 182 cm around 16.51; Tatnam 1B [ex-Skalna 15 girl, now 22 years old, skinny with very long hair] or 1A - 45 years old ethnic gypsy, strong distance glasses, 175 cm, 3236BP, very black and very short-cropped hair; Haynes Avenue 9, boy, white, had rickets in his legs and now his knees are touching, big hips, Jew, around 22 years old, 16.30-16.50. And on 11 AUGUST 2021, 15.00-15.45 - we have man, white, long hair, 25 years old, 184 cm, Haynes Av No 25; on 12 August 2021, 18.30-18.40 - we have new old woman, white, Romani roots, skinny face, very long and big nose like eagle, silver-white middle hair, maybe from Poland, Wi. 137, she has 61 years old, skinny, 165 cm, she was looked at different girl 25 years old with long bright hair)
and Stokes Avenue
(Winterbo. 14, 17, 19, 18 co-operated with Stok. Avenue 66 after 2014 until October 2022. Observers at: Stok. 66; Stok. No 40 - lady 50 years old; Stoke. No 2 - girl 15, fat, long hairs. On October 13, 2022, Thursday, somebody change software of my tools; time 16.10, action starts with LGBT, 13 years, 165 cm, oblong face, sharp gypsy nose and Chinese eyes; next is a Polish girl 15 years old, slim, about 175 cm, blonde with long hair, uses STOKES AVENUE 66, right door, from 16.12 to 16.40, then K700PEB helps her. Stokes Avenue 66 is a security [in 2014-2015, tall boy, 30 years old, long face, 185 cm] for Winterbourne 18, that is for the network created by P., ex-Police and Szczecin-Pogodno resident. This network also works with Denmark 2/4. On 09 June 2021, 16.30-17.00, St Mary's 74, very long hair, Romani of POLAND, big nose, Balkan eyes, 175 cm. Sunday, 13 June 2021, 10.39, action with Tatnam Crescent 6 - guy, of Bydgoszcz probably, a flat face like horse, gray-white hair, very short, bald, 55/60 years old, strong, well-built figure, free step, runs 10.39- 11.45. Works together with Stokes 28, Romani of Poland, very long dark hair and big nose, tattoo all the way to the neck, 60 aged; 13.03-13.09 the same day 13 June. On June 13, 19, Sinti of Skalna 15 and T. 1B, girl, 175 cm, move out around December 2020. On 15 July 2022, Piotr Szybko / Piotr Szypko from Chelmza / Torun-Wrzosy, 15.15; together with Wi. 131, big tatoo on the right low hand, inner side, blue colour, and on the left low part of the hand smaller tatoo, blue of course. Strongly mixed roots - Jew? The same man, 178/183 cm, W. 131, on 20 July 2022, 07.11-07.19; together with on 20 July 2022, 16.02-16.20, red hair man, strong google to distance, no hair on top of head, 178 cm, 40 years old, Stokes Avenue 29, FG62XDT; together with second man dressed blue t-shirt, 40 years old, 16.10; and boy 17 years old, 180 cm, 16.01; on 15 July and on 20 July 2022, the group of General Z. NOWEK of Bydgoszcz-Torun-Chelmza. On July 8, 2022, the pressure of Jews and Gypsies did not end on me. On that day 08 July 2022, wanted to send me to a job where I had damaged my spine and from which I quit. On 09 May 2023 Szczecin would like change my job position maybe to ex-post).

Kaplan is friend to Jews from Poland - from Benjamin and Lena (nee Cohen) Smith, Jewish immigrants from Poland who lived on a farm in Sullivan County, New York.

On July 12, 2023, the European Parliament [the same power from Russia fought with TRUMP in May/July 2023 - and the same net is working against me in February/July 2023] called on Poland to repeal the law establishing a commission to investigate Russian influence [RESET]. The anti-Polish resolution was supported on Tuesday by members of the Civic Platform, the Left and Poland 2050. Tarczynski also said that the resolution against Poland was supported by two Russian women, one from Latvia, the other from Estonia, Tatjana Zdanoka [Latvian Jew] and Yana Toom [red hairs Askenazi Jew]. I clarified genealogy of named Russian/Jews [compare Wi. 100]. Tatjana Zdanoka or Tatyana Zhdanok / Tatyana Arkadyevna Zhdanok born Tatyana Khesin (CHESIN) on May 8, 1950 in Riga. She is co-chairwoman of the Latvian Russian Union and its predecessor parties (Equal Rights and For Human Rights in a United Latvia) since 1993. From 1988 to 1989 she was one of the leaders of the Interfront, a political front organization opposing Latvia's independence from the Soviet Union. She remained active in the Communist Party of Latvia after January 1991 in opposition to a restoration of independence. She is prohibited from further nomination for election to the Latvian Parliament or local councils under Latvian law due to her former allegiance with the Communist Party after January 1991. Together with Alfreds Rubiks, she is in the peculiar position of being restricted to European Parliament elections only. By Wikipedia: "Tatyana Khesin was born in 1950 in Riga in the family of Soviet navy officer Arkady Khesin and mathematics teacher Tamara Ivanovna, and is of mixed Latvian Jewish-Russian origin. Much of Zdanoka's paternal family was killed by the Latvian Auxiliary Police in 1941 during The Holocaust in Latvia. In 1975, she married Aleksandr Zhdanok, whom she divorced in the late 1980s". Alfreds Rubiks / Alfred Petrovich Rubiks born 24 September 1935, in Daugavpils / Dyneburg, a former leader of the Communist Party of Latvia. He was a Member of the European Parliament for Latvia from 2009 until 2014. In the European Parliament he was a member of the European United Left-Nordic Green Left group. His two sons Arturs Rubiks and Raimonds Rubiks are also politicians. Rubiks served as the Chairman of the city of Riga from 1984 to 1990. As head of the Communist Party of Latvia in 1991 he opposed Latvia's independence from the Soviet Union. His father was PIOTR RUBIKS / Peter b. ca 1912. Mary Rubik, born ca 1914, was the sister of named Peter. Mary Rubik was born in Pennsylvania, to Frank Rubik. Frank Rubik b. ca 1880. The second counter-Polish team is Yana TOOM of Eesti Keskerakond (Estonia). Yana / JANA / Janina b. Oct. 1966 in Tallinn. Hans and Yana are quite close relatives - Hans H. Luik, II is Yana Toom (Tsernogorova)'s fifth cousin. Hans H. Luik (born 20 March 1961 in Tartu) is an Estonian journalist. In 1984, he graduated from Tartu State University in journalism. In 1989-1991, he was the chief editor of Eesti Ekspress; he lives with Kristiina Tanavsuu, with whom he has a son Ludvig. His father Hans Luik first, 1934 - 2006. Hans married Eve Kalle (born Ots) b. in 1942. They had one child - above Hans H. Luik, second. The brother of his grandfather was Hans Luik, 1895 - 1968. Hans Luik was the son of Juhan Luik and Liis Peterson. Hans had 9 siblings: Mart Luik, Tonnis (Tonis) Luik and 7 other siblings. His grandfather - Hans LUIK, 1796/1805 - 1884. Hans LUIK was the son of Jurri LUIK and Madli. Jurri was born circa 1780, in Pickfer / Pikavere, Harju-Jaani, Harjumaa, Estonia. Jurri had 3 children: Hans LUIK b. 1823 and 2 other children. Hans Luik, 1823 - 1913, had 2 sons: Hans Luik [who was the father to above Hans b. 1895] and one other. Mentioned MEP Yana Toom was born in Tallinn in 1966. She went to an Estonian-language school and then to Russian-language school No. 26, where there was special emphasis on the study of the English language. She studied Russian philology in Tartu. After the restoration of independence to the Republic of Estonia, she left for Chelyabinsk Oblast in Russia with her husband, who had also been studying in Tartu but was not granted residency in Estonia. She returned in 1994. 2010-2011: Deputy Mayor of Tallinn. Born as Jana Tsernogorova / CZERNOGOROVA in 1966. Born to ethnic Russian immigrant parents, Toom become a naturalized citizen of Estonia in 2008. And I found proof of secret following my YouTube account [key: massage in 2022/2023].

On May 08, 2023, a girl aged 13/14, with a light-haired dog, 160/165 cm, connected by mobile phone to the head of the action called "threat / threatening" {about me on 26 April 2023 from Szczecin / Police / Lodz - the link to Romani woman Justyna of Lodz, 41 years old, 165 cm, cat eyes}, which the intelligence center SZCZECIN / Police near Szczecin wants to attribute to me, i.e. a net covering mother-in-law of Bronislawa Komorowski, General Jozef Flis, Nowakowska, and unfortunately P. from around April 23, 2023 to tomorrow May 09, 2023 [Victory Day for Putin and Netanyakh]; so the girl described above acted in short trousers, 165 cm, 14 years old, dyed brunette with long hair, works in April near Tatnam 1B, the former home of a gypsy family from Lodz. The girl worked from 18.06, when she jumped out of the house with her dog, until around 18.20, when she called the police because she was "DANGER THREATENING" - that is, the word "threatening" of April 26, 2023, signed by Szczecin, i.e. the Senegal, Niesiolowski, General Flis, mother-in-law Bronislaw Komorowski net. The girl continued to follow me and 18.55-19.02 provoked me on Stokes Avenue; and then 19.25-19.34, operated with a dog Venezuela refugee, 180 cm, mustache, cat's eyes, black beard and medium black hair - it's already a detective firm from Garland 136, and Venezuela lives on Garland 134 [Region Security Guarding Ltd; and Piotr Jar... was resident here in 2008, and he acted on {and 07 May 2023} 08 April 2023, like street spy 16.15-16.30 + 190 cm boy, skinny, little head, 28 years old + fat girl, long black-brown haires, 165 cm 18.00-18.15]. Protection on 08 May 2023 was by WF06RXX, BEC15X, boss of security cameras at Cooperative Foods [in April 2023 he opened door for above girl-provocator, 165 cm, 14 years old, with big dog - the door to residential part of this building].

And around me:
Roma from Romania, mainly in Ploesti and Timisoara + Nguekokh, in Thies district / county, Senegal + Katarzyna, Romani woman, very fat, strong google, 170 cm, b. ca 1990 - she was very angry that she had to work and not me for her on 12 December 2022. A Polish mine - Szczecin-Police plant - in Tivaouane, in Senegal - 33 km north-east of THIES. And Nguokhokh - source of instigators - 45 km south of THIES. Both towns are the same COUNTY: Tivaouane or Tivawan / Tiwaawan, is a city located in the Thies Region of Senegal + BT54 BKA + [black man, drug addict, 22 years old, 182 cm, skinny] Durley Chine Rd / Chine Cres, 'Kensington Lodge' [13 May 2018; 19 April 2019, 17.30/18.00]. Polish counterintelligence - response time to the hearing and telephone, 1 minute 30 seconds: compare - 15 May 2019, 12.38 - 12.40, and the same day, 18.31-18.33: Serpentine 21.
Mandeville, Jamaica [the same flat at Triangle, like CAMILA CAMOPE of the Belo Horizonte province in BRAZIL {acted 09 JUNE 2023 against me using false documentations of absence!}, both 28 years old - taken by the Lodz Foreign Intelligence Agency together with Wadiste el Modou of SENEGAL and others of Senegal, Ghana and GABON in 2016 by Spain, Canary Island] + on December the 1st, 2017, police had to intervene [and similer on 01 March 2018]; on action around me on 6 September 2018, 11.50-12.50, near ASDA + 11 Dec. 2018, 20.35 p.m.; an action on 10th April 2018, 20.15-22.40, with: Sadowska Ewelina and Radoslaw Sadowski of PRZYBRANOWO + Maciej Igor Wojtczak of Brzesc Kujawski, Wloclawek and LIPNO; Russian woman aged 50, ex-Estonian citizen of Soviet Union, on 06 October 2018, 18.50/19.30.
Radek Sadowski; Rochelle Thompson; Radoslaw Majewski;
on 26th May 2018: LGBT and Senegalese refugees in conjunction with Arabic double; lovers of hashish, at the Sterte Rd 80; and the Romanian intelligence network - 7 December 2018, 17.55 p.m.; and on 11th and 12th March, 2018, together with the Police / Szczecin network; Bubis - the Opoczno network; Cheikh Anta Diop in Thies; the "Women in Business" movement; LeanIn.Org receives all of the profits of Lean In: Women, Work & the Will to Lead by Sheryl Sandberg.

Przybranowo / Wloclawek; again Michalow / Suwalki; MARCIN, on 21 March 2005 - 19 August 2017, an active counter-intelligence agent at St Swithun's Rd; Zgierz {2005/2006 and again since October 2015 with international support from his "brethren"}. With the mysterious quarter of residential houses in Lodz, between the streets: Rybna Rd, Zachodnia Rd., Limanowskiego Rd., Lutomierska Rd - in the years 1983-1987, 2005, 2015-2017. In 1982/1988 from Opoczno - Natkanski Z. - ZARNOW, Ossa - 7 km north-east to ZARNOW; CHELSTY - 5 km south to ZARNOW; "Bogdan - they were very easy to get along in your case", a man named Przemyslaw of Zgierz says in spring 2006 to me; he was the bartender from the Piotrkowska street in 2004. Above highly dangerous, aggressive network of a pseudo Counterintelligence nature dependent on the Russians, led by national minority, currently is in a state of underground conspiracy [2016-2017]. The creator of this special services network since 1972 was General Kiszczak, the head of military intelligence, former communist prime minister and the head of the secret police. The funeral of Czeslaw Kiszczak was in November 2015 and his wife said: "God will pay you for all the harm, which ungrateful, unworthy Pole has done to you. A wrong words fall somewhere there out, hateful to you - of the people full of evil, hypocritical ... Your heroic deeds will be exposed."

President Donald Trump commented:
"...We must work together to confront forces, whether they come inside or out, from the south or the east, that threaten over time to undermine these values and to erase the bonds of culture, faith and tradition that make us who we are. If left unchecked, these forces will undermine our courage, sap our spirit and weaken our will to defend ourselves and our societies. ...",
and
"...It's a global power structure that is responsible for the economic decisions that have robbed our working class, stripped our country of its wealth, and put that money into the pockets of a handful of large corporations and political entities. ... This is not just conspiracy but reality, and you and I know it. The establishment and their media enablers wield control over this nation through means that are well-known. Anyone who challenges their control is deemed a sexist, a racist, a xenophobe and morally deformed. They will attack you, they will slander you, they will seek to destroy your career and reputation. And they will lie, lie and lie even more. ...".

President Kennedy explained:
"...And as the true nature of the Communist conspiracy becomes better known around the globe, when people come to realize - as they surely will - that the Communist advance does not represent a means of liberation but represents a final enslavement, then I believe that they will rally to the cause to which we have given our support and our commitment" and
"...For we are opposed around the world by a monolithic and ruthless conspiracy that relies primarily on covert means for expanding its sphere of influence - on infiltration instead of invasion, on subversion instead of elections, on intimidation instead of free choice, on guerrillas by night instead of armies by day. It is a system which has conscripted vast human and material resources into the building of a tightly knit, highly efficient machine that combines military, diplomatic, intelligence, economic, scientific and political operations. Its preparations are concealed, not published. Its mistakes are buried, not headlined. Its dissenters are silenced, not praised. No expenditure is questioned, no rumor is printed, no secret is revealed. ...".

El mamadou mld wadiste on a mission on Nov. 11, 2017 around Chaddesley Glen; a resident of Oman - an Arab of the type black; the group operating around me from 2005 to 2018 is focused on thievery through money extortion, bank data changes, sexual accusations, racial and national provocations, substitution of women {in 2004-2005, to precede by: on 19.03.2005}; and of Ghana [Greater Accra Region at east to the core - Ghana - close to Verostina House, among Spintex Road-Sakumono [Boundary Rd W.], Accra near to School, Almond Institute - and Ezra Rd. - April 2019: the Wojska Polskiego Rd district] to Telefoniczna Rd. {Oct. 2018} - see Szczecin-Police - phosphorus of the Senegalese mines - MP, Stefan N. acted to 20 Feb. 2019 {"Leopold" of Lodz} - Senegalese to 22 Feb. 2019 / Wi. Rd 135 + 95/97 - Brzezinska Street {Nov. 2018}; Zaspowa 21, Giewont 51; Gorska 4 at staircase 2; in Ploesti and Timisoara + Nguekokh, in Thies district, Senegal; Szczecin-Police plant - in Tivaouane, in Senegal; Mandeville, Jamaica; Sadowska E.; Russian woman aged 50, ex-Estonian citizen of Soviet Union; Rochelle Thompson; Majewski, Pruszkow; Bubis - the Opoczno network. Przybranowo / Wloclawek + D. Wagstaff; Michalow / Suwalki; St Swithun's Rd.; Zgierz {2005/2006 and again since October 2015 with international support from his "brethren"}; Andrew Gill; J. Toth; Knott; + Paul Williams. - parallel with the mysterious quarter of residential houses in Lodz, between the streets: Rybna Rd, Zachodnia Rd., Limanowskiego Rd., Lutomierska Rd - in the years 1983-1987, 2005, 2015-2017. 2015 from Mokotow in Warsaw; 1982/1988 from Opoczno - Natkanski; Ossa, Miedzna Murowana;
ZARNOW; Mroczkow; MARIOWKA of Kiedrzynski and Berman.
"Bogdan - they were very easy to get along in your case", a man named Przemyslaw of Zgierz says in spring 2006 to me; he was the bartender from the Piotrkowska street in 2004.

Close to WLOCLAWEK and 6 km to the south of the BRZEZIE was the palace in Wieniec founded in the early nineteenth century by the family of Miaczynski; in 1868 the property bought a Warsaw banker of Jewish origin and a great Jewish patriot - Leopold Kronenberg. Above Leopold Stanislaw Kronenberg b. 1812, d. 1878 in Nice, was the Polish banker, investor and financier of Jewish origin, one of the leaders before the January Uprising 1863. He came from a wealthy family of Jewish rabbis in WYSZOGROD. His father was Samuel Eleazar Kronenberg (1773-1826) led the banking activities in Warsaw. Mother Tekla Levi (1775-1848) = LEVY. Leopold Stanislaw Kronenberg had seven siblings: Louis, Rosalie, Stanislaw Solomon, Dorota (mother of Seweryn Loewenstein ! - the link to Anna Teresa Tymieniecka and to Obama Husain Second, President of US), Mary, Henry Andrew / Henryk Andrzej Kronenberg, and Wladyslaw Alphonsus.

Two coups in the US, September 1901 and November of 1963, and the murder of General Wladyslaw Sikorski in July 1943, as well as the Smolensk Catastrophe in April 2010 in Smolensk [in April 2022 we know it was Russian plot], are the result of the operation of one and the same intelligence organization created in Tsarist Russia, but infiltrated since the 1880s through the 19th century by the Polish independence conspiracy and by Baltic Germans [Pilar-Pilchau; Mohrenschildt; Dzierzynski; Pilsudski; Paszkowski-Armand-Konstantynowicz of Miezonka and Moscow; Count Konstantin Alexander Karl Wilhelm Christoph von Benckendorff].

After 1871 [Albert Pike to Giuseppe Mazzini], it was known that British intelligence and the Polish underground aimed at overthrowing the family's power Romanov in Tsarist Russia [compare the branch of Romanov-Oldenburg-Japaridse-Armand-Saparian]. It was not until May 1937 that the communist Russian counterintelligence took over power again in Soviet Union [Great Purge], which led to the outbreak of the Second World War in September 1939. So we have one underground system using social engineering:
Illuminati [Tadeusz Grabianka counter Cagliostro], globalists [Zbigniew Brzezinski and Lyndon Johnson], and Russian political intelligence [along with the network of Leopold Kronenberg and Loewenstein after 1865 - see Anna Tymieniecka and the link to Obama Husain Second, Cardinal Wojtyla].

This hostile structure was ruled over Russia in Europe and North America after 1741 to 2016 [until Donald Trump in US and Andrzej Duda in Poland]. So the introduction of Pinto as Grand Master in Malta [1741] was a victory for the Russians and Spain. Then introduction of Emmanuel Marie des Neiges de Rohan-Polduc was anti-France and also a victory for Spain and Russia. The temporary takeover by France in 1705 of the Knights Templar ended after Stuarts exile to France and to St Petersburg. In parallel, the Scots took over the Knights Templar in France in the 1740s and parallelly Scots with Irish settled in Russia after 1706. Russia after 1741 had in its hands the Templars and Scottish conspiracies, both in Malta and Russia. Scotland was England's main enemy in the 18th century. Malta had France for an enemy. But Russia wanted to eliminate power of France [1789] as well England [tea revolution case] and Spain [Yukon case].

The Illuminati were created for this purpose in the 70s of the 18th century. Russia took over the underground in Poland at that time [1767 Carsten Niebuhr in Kamieniec Podolski and Cagliostro met Adam Poninski and the Poniatowskis], leading to the liquidation of Poland 1772-1795. Zaspy Milkowskie, the village by the Warta river, the Ostrow Warcki commune, in the Milkowice parish = ZASPY, 7 km east to Wilczkow - in Wilczkow {belonged to the PSTROKONSKI family - but Strachocice, 3 km north to MILKOWICE, owned Stanislaw PONINSKI} was born in 1738 Jakub Kiedrzynski, the brother of my ancestor Izydor Kiedrzynski b. 1749 in Bieganin close to Raszkow. General Jozef Lipski the owner of MILKOWICE [bef. LIPSKI: Andrzej ZALESKI and in 1732 Stanislaw PONINSKI], and links to Ilowiecki, Arnold, Kiedrzynski in Boryslawice close to BLASZKI; Chocen; Raszkow close to Bieganin: Boryslawice close to Blaszki, belonged in the 17th century to the Lipskis. The last here was General Jozef Lipski died in 1817. The estate was divided. The Lipski family also owned Lubanow near to Boryslawice; Chrzanowice; Gzikow, Bukowina, Wilczkowice and the little town Blaszki. In 1848, Boryslawice close to Blaszki, Mateusz Arnold bought. The last owner was Jan Arnold until 1945. Above General Jozef Lipski b. in 1772, in Gzikow, d. in 1817 in Cielce, the owner of Blaszki, Kazimierz Biskupi and Milkowice; the insurgent in 1794 in the Sieradz county; and in 1806 in the Kalisz province. Jozef was the son of Michal Lipski, the Wschowa official, b. ca 1720 and died in 1792 + Barbara Zychlinska. Next of kin to Stanislawa Lipska nee Grodzicka of WRZACA. General Jozef Lipski was living in Gzikow close to Boryslawice. In 1794 fought also General Jan Lipski (1743 - 1832), with Jan's son Jozef Eligiusz Lipski (1769 -1812).

The Cabinet of Jan Olszewski was the government of Poland from December 23, 1991 to June 5, 1992. On 2 June, 1992, the final day of coalition negotiations with the Confederation of Independent Poland, Macierewicz met with deputy Marshal of that party, informing him that its leader, Leszek Moczulski, was on the list of collaborators which will be presented to the Parliament the following day. Shortly before the vote, President Lech Walesa [Chocen - Smilowice - Golaszewo + Lipno - Wloclawek] organized a meeting attended by: Donald Tusk [Koscierzyna: Wybicki, Garczynski and Nostitz-Jackowski], Tadeusz Mazowiecki, Mieczyslaw Wachowski, Leszek Moczulski [Mariowka - Kiedrzynski in the Przysucha district; together with the Pelka family - the mother line of Adviser Zbigniew Brzezinski in USA. In Ursus], Waldemar Pawlak [Zychlin, here the Znyk family in the 19th and the 20th century and my fate in 1973-1977], Stefan Niesiolowski [Police / Szczecin with Senegal - 1982/1983 and 2005 - October 2022 together with Monika Sedzicka nee Bogucka and Paulina S. hidden by Krzysztof of TCZEW - compare PRUSZAK in Turze, Tczew, Zychlin and CHOCEN], Bronislaw Geremek [Dzbadz close to Rozan and the Castellani close to Opoczno-Przysucha-Bialynicze: Malachowski + Krasicki], Ryszard Bugaj, Gabriel Janowski, Aleksander Luczak, Pawel Laczkowski. The talks resulted in the dismissal of Jan Olszewski's cabinet and the appointment of a new government headed by Waldemar Pawlak of Pacyna-Zychlin district. Leaders:
Walesa, Tusk, Moczulski, Pawlak, Geremek, Niesiolowski.

Facebook's founder Mark Zuckerberg sought advice from the chairman of Hillary Clinton's campaign about how he could get involved in politics and said he was 'hungry to learn', according to leaked documents. Emails from Facebook Chief Operating Officer Sheryl Sandberg [see Summers] to John Podesta, published by Wikileaks, suggested he was keen to influence public policy on issues like immigration, education and scientific research. In one email, in August 2015, Sandberg wrote to Podesta: 'Mark [Zuckerberg] is meeting with people to learn more about next steps for his philanthropy and social action and it's hard to imagine someone better placed or more experienced than you to help him.' Read more: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news. The leaked emails supports Donald Trump's claims that Clinton is too close to those with vested interests, such as Zuckerberg, whose Facebook empire has 1.7 billion users globally. Read more: http://www.dailymail.co.uk. Earlier in October 2016, other leaked emails showed Sandberg had gave Hillary Clinton aides research on 'gender and leadership by women' as they put together the former first lady's presidential campaign.

Bronislaw Geremek of the Rozan commune in DZBADZ, with the roots in LODZ and in ZELECHOW.
The Cabinet of Jan Olszewski was the government of Poland from December 23, 1991 to June 5, 1992. On 2 June, 1992, the final day of coalition negotiations with the Confederation of Independent Poland, Macierewicz met with deputy Marshal of that party, informing him that its leader, Leszek Moczulski, was on the list of collaborators which will be presented to the Parliament the following day. Shortly before the vote, President Lech Walesa [Chocen - Smilowice - Golaszewo + Lipno - Wloclawek] organized a meeting attended by: Donald Tusk [Koscierzyna: Wybicki, Garczynski and Nostitz-Jackowski], Tadeusz Mazowiecki, Mieczyslaw Wachowski, Leszek Moczulski [Mariowka - Kiedrzynski in the Przysucha district; together with the Pelka family - the mother line of Adviser Zbigniew Brzezinski in USA. In Ursus], Waldemar Pawlak [Zychlin, here the Znyk family in the 19th and the 20th century and my fate in 1973-1977], Stefan Niesiolowski [Police / Szczecin with Senegal - 1982/1983 and 2005 - October 2022 together with Monika Sedzicka nee Bogucka and Paulina S. hidden by Krzysztof of TCZEW - compare PRUSZAK in Turze, Tczew, Zychlin and CHOCEN], Bronislaw Geremek [Dzbadz close to Rozan and the Castellani close to Opoczno-Przysucha-Bialynicze: Malachowski + Krasicki], Ryszard Bugaj, Gabriel Janowski, Aleksander Luczak, Pawel Laczkowski. The talks resulted in the dismissal of Jan Olszewski's cabinet and the appointment of a new government headed by Waldemar Pawlak of Pacyna-Zychlin district. Leaders: Walesa, Tusk, Moczulski, Pawlak, Geremek, Niesiolowski.

And we have in 2022 the genealogy of Leszek Robert Moczulski by geni.com:
Stanislaw Moczulski b. 1911 in Rodatycze, close Grodek Jagiellonski, d. 1997 in Toronto, in Canada. Stanislaw was the son of Antoni Moczulski and Tekla Wanat, 1877 in Rodatycze - 1944, the daughter of Michal Wanat and Franciszka Lechowicz. Rodatycze close to Grodek Jagiellonski = Horodiatyczi. Above Antoni Moczulski, 1875 in Rodatycze, close to Grodek Jagiellonski - 1945 in Strzelce Opolskie, the son of Franciszek Moczulski and Franciszka Kaliciak b. 1846 in Rodatycze. Franciszek Moczulski b. 1847 in Rodatycze, d. 1921 in Rodatycze, the son of Wojciech Moczulski and Katarzyna Skalska, ca 1808 in Rodatychi, L'vivs'ka oblast - 1863 in Rodatychi, the daughter of Bartolomeo Skalski and Agnieszka Mazur. Wojciech Moczulski, 1807 in Rodatycze - 1855 in Rodatycze, the son of Kazimierz Moczulski younger and Lucja Zdobylak, ca 1779 in Rodatycze - 1831 in Rodatycze. Kazimierz Moczulski, 1766 in Dobrzany, close to Rodatycze, in the Grodek Jagielonski district - 1830 in Rodatycze.

Bronislaw Geremek born as Berele Lewartow, or Benjamin Lewartow, the son of the Lodz rabbi of the Hasidism movement. Bronislaw Geremek came from Grodek Jagiellonski and Lubartow.

The pre-resetting on 2nd and 3rd April 2008 in Bucharest:
"Russian President Vladimir Putin was invited to the summit, and he arrived on the second day (3 April) to participate in bilateral NATO-Russia talks. He opposed the US plans [the Bush plan] to deploy missile defenses in Poland and the Czech Republic, which was discussed at the summit. Russia also opposed Georgia and Ukraine's NATO membership bids". On 02 April 2008, "... German Minister of Foreign affairs Frank-Walter Steinmeier talked about Ukraine and Georgia and tried not to provoke Russia by doing so, as they are both on Russia's borders and are both former Soviet states. Romanian President Traian Basescu said Romania's approach to the relationship with Russia was to 'leave behind the Cold War logic. [compare Romani of Romania around me aft. March 2005]'. United States, Canada, Poland [Lech Kaczynski], Romania [?], the Czechs and the Baltic States, strongly supported Ukraine and Georgia becoming NATO action plan members". However, they were strongly opposed by Germany, France, Italy, Spain, the Netherlands and Belgium. "Germany was more focused on reconciliation, on the dependence from Russian resources. Also, there were concerns with respect to governance and corruption within the both countries [Ukraine and Georgia, or their ability to pull out of nefarious influence in the CIS". "Ukraine is seen by Russia as part of its own historic and cultural domain [Putin said the same in February 2022]," Dutch politician warned. Russia voiced its opinion on Tuesday, with deputy foreign minister Grigory Karasin warning that the prospect of Ukraine's NATO membership would create a profound crisis between Kiev and Moscow [the war in February 2022 - until probably November 2023, inf. by CIA in June 2023, a visit in Kiev], with a negative impact on the security of Europe [Trump said in July 2023 that Ukraine need to change borders!]. But Russia's Special Representative to NATO Dmitry Rogozin dismissed US ambitions to include Ukraine and Georgia in the MAP as unrealistic [Biden in Vilnius in July 2023 ...]. Speaking to 'Dziennik', Mr. Rogozin said: 'As far as I know NATO, and the people who work there - I don't think they will take such a decision [he was thinking about Barack Obama and Hillary Clinton aft. Nov. 2008/January 2009]. The US is very much in favour, but Bush is leaving soon and he will not take responsibility for the consequences of such an action. Those who will remain will be confronted with the issue. Therefore I don't think there will be any MAP'. The British judgment is that, although there was full support for both Ukraine and Georgia, the question of when they joined should remain in the balance. The Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) is a regional intergovernmental organization in Eurasia. It was formed following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. In April 2008, NATO invites Albania and Croatia to accession talks. At the Bucharest Summit, NATO Allies welcomed Ukraine's and Georgia's Euro-Atlantic aspirations for membership and agreed that these countries will become members of NATO. "We recall that the NATO-Russia partnership was conceived as a strategic element in fostering security in the Euro-Atlantic area, based on core principles, values and commitments, including democracy, civil liberties and political pluralism". "While we are concerned by recent Russian statements and actions on key security issues of mutual concern, such as the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe (CFE), we stand ready to continue working with Russia as equal partners in areas of common concern, as envisaged by the Rome Declaration and the Founding Act. We should continue our common efforts in the fight against terrorism and in the area of non-proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction [Obama and Clinton in Prague 08/09 April 2010!] and their means of delivery. We urge Russia to engage actively in important cooperative offers that have been extended. We believe that United States-Russia bilateral discussions on missile defence and CFE, among other issues, can make an important contribution in this field. We believe the potential of the NATO-Russia Council is not fully realised and we remain ready to identify and pursue opportunities for joint actions at 27, while recalling the principle of independence of decision-making and actions by NATO or Russia". We also commend the work already underway to strengthen NATO-Russia missile defence cooperation. We are committed to maximum transparency and reciprocal confidence building measures to allay any concerns - on 03 April 2008 in Bucharest.


Below we have data on Miezonka, noble locality with Konstantynowicz Bogdan's ancestors. Miezonka / Miezonki / Meshonka and photos by Alyaxej Matcesha / Ales Matsesha / Alexey Matesha on http://vk.com/ales_matsesha in 2012, ales89@tut.by.
The noble Konstantynowicz family in Poland 1945 - 2013.
HISTORY OF SECRET SOCIETIES: Templars, Illuminati, and Freemasons. The Order of the Illuminati: Its Origins, Its Methods and Its Influence. Masonic Origins. Berezyna and Lubuszany - the estate of Poniatowski-Tyszkiewicz-Potocki branch - the Knights Templar of the FREEMASONRY.
Miezonka-Swolna-Moscow-St Petersburg and the family history of Paszkowski-Armand-Konstantynowicz.
German, Russian and British Intelligence and the greatest conspiracy theories in history of Scotland, Ireland, Estonia, Switzerland, Russia and Poland.
Part 1 - Intelligence. Scotland, Ireland, Estonia, Switzerland, Russia. Bolshevik Revolution 1917. Key note.
Part 2 - Intelligence. Scotland, Ireland, Estonia, Switzerland, Russia. Bolshevik Revolution 1917. Espionage and intelligence in Russia 1772, 1914, 1917, 1937, 1989.
Belarusian, Estonian, Polish and Russian genealogical and historical database for the Konstantynowicz family. The noble Pilsudski, Konstantinovich, Dzerzhinsky, Pilar Pilchau, Bulhak families.

Wiktor Konstantynowicz or Wiktor Konstantynowicz Staroch Siedoch was born on 20 October 1874 in Kazan, his father unknown name - Wasyl acc. to me
(remember about A. Konstantinovich / Apollon (Apollo, Palemon, Apolon) Konstantynowicz, the son of Wasyl / Wasilij Konstantynowicz, the owner of the technical office in Moscow, worked for Breguet, and with Duflon. Wasilij / Wasyl Constantinowitz / Konstantynowicz, was general of the Russian Army, and Leon Bakst (1866 - 1924) is our far kinsman:
his relatives, families Tretyakov, Barsak, Klyachko and Manfred. Apollon (Apollo, Apellon) Wasylewicz Konstantynowicz who b. ca 1862, was the son of Wasilij / Wasyl Konstantynowicz who was born ca 1840. The wife of Apollon was Anna Armand, oldest - Anna nee Armand was born on 19 August 1866 in Moscow - daughter of Evgenii / Eugeniusz Armand; Eugene / Eugeniusz Armand was born about 1842),
but mother was Mary vel Maria nee Trubecki / Duchess Mary Trubetskaya / Maria Trubecka / Trubetskaja / Trubetzkaya born ca 1853 (or circa 1840).

Wiktor Konstantynowicz was married to Alexandra Nikolaevna nee Starych Siedych / Sedykh / Siedoh, born 03 February 1877 in St Petersburg, her father Nikolai Ivanov Starych Siedych / Sedykh / Siedoh, mother Olga Ryabchinskaya / Riabczynski;
Wiktor on 09 June 1934 lived in Estonia, Nomme, the Harku street No (tn) 28-2 and buried in the cemetery Hiiu-Rahu.

Above named Starych Siedych Victor Konstantynowicz born 1874, in service since 1904, an officer since 1912, 'ensign' that is praporschik by Admiralty, in the North - Western Army of White movement enlisted on May 20, 1919 and in December 1919 at the headquarters of the 4th Infantry Division.
In 1917 Wiktor Konstantynowicz was living in Peterburg / St. Petersburg but on June the 14th, 1924 they lived in the town of Viljandi.
Daughter of Alexandra and Victor Konstantynowicz / Konstantinovitsch was
Galina nee Konstantynowicz born approx. 1900 / 1902 died in Nomme after 1968 and was married to a Latvian - Dunkel / Tunkel; she had two daughters, one married to a Latvian, another to a German (Irena? Rita Irene).

Balduin Heinrich Dunkel, killed in December 1934, Tallinn, born on October 18, 1890 - or died on January 6, 1935 in Keskvangla, Tallinn. Son of Johannes Dunkel
[b. on August 26, 1845 in Humala, 9 km north to Keila, in Harjumaa, died on March 15, 1935 in Tallinn - son of
Mari Tunkel Pork, 1822 in Keila, d. 1865, daughter of
Toomas Pork and Anna - MARI was the wife of Hans Tunkel -
Hans Tunkel, 1814 in Lepiku talu, Kumna - 3 km north-east to KEILA, Harjumaa - 4 km south-east to KARJAKULA; son of
[Leppiko] Siim Tunkel and Mari - above Leppiko Siim, b. ca 1779 in Keila, Harju County, Estonia, died in 1846 -
see: Otto Magnus Karl Bernhard von Toll (1794 - 1799) born in Thula (Tuula), close to Saue, Harjumaa; d. 1799 in Walling (Valingu), close to Saue and Keila; and Margaretha Elisabeth Lisette von Toll Freiin von Rosen (1769 - 1824), d. 1824 in Walling (Valingu), close to Saue and Keila.
Valingu, 4 km north-east of Tuula, 4 km south-west of Saue.
Franziska Helene Magdalena von Toll 1796 - d. 1820 in Walling (Valingu), 3 km east of Keila.
Berend Heinrich von Toll, owner of Walling and Tuula / Thula (1758 - 1829)]
and Louise-Antonie KRAMAN Dunkel
{Louise-Antonie Dunkel (Kraman), b. 1861, died in 1920, daughter of
Anton Kreemann - born ca 1831, in Luiste, 8 km south-east to Kullamaa, Estonia.
Son of
(Uuetoa Mardi) Mart Kramann and (Haima kortsu Adami) Vilhelmina / Miina Kramann - b. 1806 in Marjamaa khk., Sotkula m., Estonia.
Daughter of
(Meremoisa Jaagu / Haima) Adam from Muua maja, Meremoisa, Keila vald, Harjumaa.
See KEILA-JOA and Yegor Maksimovic Pillar / Pilar von Pilhau 1767-1830, the Russian commander of the Napoleonic wars, Maj.-Gen., his father Magnus Wilhelm von Pilar Pilhau 1734 - 1801 from Hallik close to Rakvere, Lehtse south-west of Rakvere, Meremoisa close to Keila-Joa, served for the Polish army as Major in 1757.
Yegor Maksimovic Pilar has been married to Anna Fyodorovna von Hesse / Johanna Agnetha b. 1779, had three sons and two daughters:
Alexander (1804 - 1866), Lieutenant-Captain of the Guards;
Nicholas (1815 - 1887) and
George (1819 - 1882);
Elizabeth 1808,
Elena 1811
[Meremoisa Jaagu / Haima, Adam, b. ca 1770 - d. 1834],
and Leenu.

Haima kortsu Adami, Vilhelmina / Miina Kramann was the wife of (Uuetoa Mardi) Mart Kramann.
Mother of mentioned above Anton Kreemann; Leena Mans; Miina Nebokat and Mart Kramann.
Sister of (Haima kortsu Adami) Gustav Wilhelm; (Haima kortsu Adami) Magdalena / Leena Limann; (Haima kortsu Adami / Lauri) Juri Trubon and Priidik / Friedrich Wilhelm Trubon}.

CAPTAIN Balduin Heinrich Dunkel, was the husband 1st of Maria Tunkel {Hubner, died in 1923} and 2nd to Galina Tunkel KONSTANTYNOWICZ
[1900 - 1982, wife of Balduin Heinrich Dunkel and
mother of Georgi (Jura) Tunkel (1918 - 1942, husband of unknown Kukk);
Tamara Bender (1925 - 1975)
and unknown Tunkel];

Balduin Heinrich Dunkel was the father of Georgi (Jura) Tunkel; Tamara Bender and KUKK-Tunkel.
Brother of Herda-Elisabeth Takel; Herbert-Friedrich Tungal; Pauline Tamberg; Emilie Jaakson; Gottfried Valentin Dunkel.
Half brother of Helene Pauline Anette Dunkel; Carl Johann Tungal / Dunkel; Marie Dunkel; Emilie Dunkel; Adele Dunkel.

Siselinna Cemetery No K VI 11/1 11/1 - Dunkel Galina on 13.08.1982 by Rita Krause. Siselinna Cemetery No K IX 4/5 buried Krauze Rita-Ireene on 21.11.1998. Dunkel, Balduin-Heinrich, captain, reg. file ERA.554.1.139 - ERA.1868.1.1361 on 16.03.1934-15.01.1935 that is Heinrich Dunkel, father of Rita Irene nee Dunkel.

Victor Konstantinovich born on 20.10.1874 in Kazan, his father Konstantinovich / WASYL Konstantynowicz [see DEMONCY / Demonsi from KAZAN and Moscow; see Breguet in KAZAN !], mother Mary Trubetskoy / Trubetskaya.

Wiktor KONSTANTYNOWICZ was a sailor, Petrograd; his wife - Alexandra b. 03.02.1877 in Petersburg, her father Nikolaj Iwanow, mother Olga Ryabchinskaya, Victor was living on 09/06/1934 in Nomme.

Alexandra Konstantynowicz was buried by mentioned Rita Dunkel, and in the recording of Constantin (Wiktor Konstantynowicz) is Galina Dunkel / Tungel or Tunkel.

Rudolph Dunkel b. 1881 in Kurtna - d. ?;
his brother: Carl Johann Dunkel b. 1872 in Riisipere - d. ?,
his children: 1898 Harald Johann Dunkel in Tallinn, 1899 Marga Helene Dunkel in Koogi / Joelahtme ca 25 km east of Tallinn.

Riisipere - close to Nissi; 23 km south of Lehola.

Dunkel, Johannes was living in Tallinn, 1904.

By Georg Dunkel from Suomi:
Elisabeth Dunkel nee Koplas (her father Michel Koplas 1840 in Vastseliina, area of Voru, Eastland - south-east part of Estonia now, and west of Pskov 70 km) b. 1878 in Hursi, Vorumaa, Estonia but west of Pskov and died 1953 in Helsinki;
her son:
Voldemar Dunkel b. in St Petersburg and died in Helsinki;
her husband Georg Otto Dunkel, he was living in Viipurinlaani, Suomi / the Viipuri Province was a province of Finland from 1812 to 1945;
her grandson Georg Dunkel.

Above Voldemar Dunkel was born 1903 in St Petersburg - 1964 in Helsinki, Finland;
his father Georg Otto Dunkel b. 1873 in Szczecin, Western Pomerania - d. 1941 in Kirkkonummi, Finland - municipality is located just outside the Helsinki Metropolitan Area;
Voldemara's wife Taisia Dunkel nee Stanovaja / Stanovay b. 1902;
her sons:
Albert, Eugen and Georg Dunkel - Finland -
his son Manuel Dunkel.

Juhan Tunkel 1862 - 1930, by Henryk Manicki.
Nicknames: Juhhan, Dunkel, born on March 4, 1862 in Humala, Keila district, Harjumaa and d. April 1, 1930.
His children:
Annette Rosalie Turberg in Baltisch Port / Paldiski, Harjumaa, next on February 11, 1897 birth of Julie Tunkel in Paldiski, he married to Mari Dunkel and second time to Juula Dunkel.
Next children:
1898 Maria Dunkel
and 1901 Hermine Dunkel in Humala, Harjumaa;
and 1903 Johannes Dunkel in Humala, Harjumaa.

Johannes Dunkel b. 1903 died ?, Humala, Harjumaa and his halfsister:
Annette Rosalie Turberg b. on June 27, 1893 in Baltisch Port / Paldiski, Harjumaa; m. 1920 to Johannes Turberg,
children:
1926 Vilma Rosalie Turberg in Lehola, Harjumaa.
And her halfsister:
Julie Tunkel 1897 - d.?, Paldiski, by http://www.geni.com/people/Julie-Tunkel.
Her sister: Hermine Dunkel 1901 - d.? from Humala, Harjumaa
and son of Hermine: Heldur Jakob.

Some details on different person:
Leeno Dunkel nee Trauerberg b. on August 27, 1844 in Rannamoisa, Harjumaa, her husband Juri Tunkel and her father Juri Trauerberg.
Her daughter Maria Pauline Hindreus nee Tunkel b. 1870.

Both women - Rita Dunkel and Galina Dunkel - lived in those years at Apteegi No 14-2 in the area Nomme. The Apteegi street (Apteek road) in Tallinn, close to Vene str., and the Tallinna Kultuurivaartuste Amet in Old Town.

See 'A Rambling Dictionary of Tallinn Street Names' by Simon Hamilton.

In 1825 - restored merchant's harbor Baltic port / Baltijskij Port / Paldiski.
1842 - Lutheran Church of St. Nicholas was built at the expense of Nicholas I, on the proposal of the chief of the III Department of His Majesty's Office of General A. H. Benkedorf - a native of this place, the owner of the estate located near Keila-Joa. Created in 1856 by a special committee 'to improve on the military side', examining the question, '...where there should be first-class marine facilities', for the Baltic Fleet, near to the mouth of the Gulf of Finland. The Baltic port converted into the base of the main forces of the fleet.
1857, in the Baltic port began research under the direction of Admiral Panfilov, were taken successively in 1881 and 1889. Here was the headquarters of the Baltic Coast Defense district.
1893 - 1897 here lived Dunkel or Tunkel.

Close to Humala, in the Keila Parish, was an estate of Abram Hannibal. In Estonia, Abram Hannibal taken a family crest when he bought an estate Karyakyula / Vana-Karjakula mois / Alt-Hohenhof - Ivan Gannibal (1735-1801), was born in Karjakula Manor (Pushkin),
after: von Glehn, von Gernet, von Krause / Kraus.

Karjakula is a small borough in Keila Parish, Harju County, northern Estonia. It is known that Hannibal was the chief commander of Tallinn for 10 years and married Regina Christina Sjoberg / Sheberg in 1736; she was the daughter of the Swedish army captain Mattias Sjoberg (the female line from the family Albedil) but her first son was born on 5 June 1735 in Vana-Karjakula mois.
The three eldest sons (Ivan, Peter and Osip) were born in Eastland, and two younger (Isaac and Jacob), on the estates of Pskov province.

Count Alexander von Benckendorff / Aleksandr Khristoforovich Benkendorf, b. 1781 or 1783 d. 1844, was a Russian Cavalry General; he is most frequently remembered for his later role, under Tsar Nicholas I, as the head of the Gendarmes and the Secret Police in Imperial Russia.
Alexander von Benckendorff was born to a Baltic German family in Reval / Tallinn.
His brother Konstantin von Benkendorff was a general and diplomat,
and his sister Dorothea von Lieven.
Alexander was the first Chief of Gendarmes and Executive Director of the Third Section from 1826 to 1844. His family possesed Schloss Fall / Keila-Joa from 1827 or 1837 and in 1830s Meremoisa / Merremois / Meremoisa, close to Keila-Joa. After his death, the castle was owned by prince Volkonsky family.

"Konstantyn" and Alexandra KONSTANTYNOWICZ were buried at different sites;
on the site of Konstantyn were: Lewashow Weera / Levashov Veera in 1933, 1972 and Kuznetsova Kalina 1976, Lewaschov Konstantin / Lewasow Konstantin 1936, Straro, Sedo or Straroh Sedoh Konstantin (Constantine) and Ma'nnik Eugen 1986.
On the site of Alexandra: Aleksandra and Ivanova Maria 1991, Donskov Peeter 1993, Mary Grigorevna 7.11.1914 - 27.10.1911 and Peter / Pietr 09 January 1920 - 25 September 1993.
It is possible that this place was sold to a new owner. A date : 11 September 1948 and 1991 not confirmed. Sedykh were Orthodox.

The Krauze / Krause family, Latvian-German origin, before the Second War in Latvia and Estonia:

Christina Sofia Krause b. 1755 in Revel / Tallinn, d. 1825;
m. Frideriks b. 1749; her children:
b. 1776, d. 1834,
and b. ca 1780;
in Avandus was born in 1784.
They were living in Lasinurme (Lassinorm) - close to Avandus, knight manor in Simuna Parish, Virumaa County - south of Rakvere;
Thula / Tuula, Saue Parish, Harju County, Estonia - 3 km south of Keila, 8 km soth-west of Saue, 8 km east of Lehola.
Her husband - mentioned above - b. 1749, Dorpat; he was living close to von Toll. Above b. 1776, married in 1803 (div. 1807) in London to
Josephine Mercier (Friderichs, Aleksandrova, Weiss) b. 1778 d. 1824; she married second time in 1820 to Aleksandr Gustav Johann Weiss
- son of b. 1760;
her son b. 1839 d. 1917;
her grandson (stepgrandson, acc. to me) Aleksandr von Weiss b. 1870.

History and genealogy of the Constantinovich family with relatives in Estonia: Tuula, Saue, Ohtu, Harku, Nomme, Saku, Uksnurme, Lehola, Tallinn and the Harjumaa district: Krauze, Mercier, Troubetzkoy, Sedykh from Kazan, Gernet from Estonia. The Baltic German families in Estonia: Schilling von Cannstatt / Schilling von Canstatt / Schilling von Canstadt, von Pillar-Pilchau, Gernet, Rehbinder, Toll, Croy, Weiss.
Her partner, 1779 - 1831.

We know about: MERCIER, 1666 in Paris.
Mercier, Louis Sebastien, 1740-1814. They come from Levallois-Perret - in the northwestern suburbs of Paris. And from Meurthe et Moselle, and Vosges, Lorraine, France.
General Auguste Mercier (1833-1921) married Fanny Isobel Tremayne Simons at Versailles in 1871.
His son Evelyn Gabriel Tremayne Mercier, born 1876, was Lieut-Colonel in the infantry.

Samples only.
Pierre-Mathurin Mercier born 1774 at the Lion d'Angers in France, north-west of Angers, died 1801 in La Motte in France, is a military officer, commander of the legion of Vannes and the Catholic Army during the War in the Vendee, south-west of Angers; he joined in June 1793 Vendee army, going on Nantes.
Pierre Mathurin Mercier was the son of Pierre Mercier and Lucretia Touze / Lucrece Touze, from a middle class family, moved to Chateau-Gontier in 1784, north of Angers;
relatives: Frederic Mercier,
his brother, one of the leaders of Fromentieres;
Mary Lucretia Mercier (1776-1831), and
Felix Elias Mercier / Felix Elie Mercier,
brother of Peter / Pierre, attach to his name 'Vendee' in memory of his brother.
The Mercier Vendee:
in Grammont south-west of Angers, La Peraudiere, La Noue, Toulouse.
Next of kin with Huet, Picault, in 1701 to Bouvet, Guillot.
Louise Huet, b. 1714 in Le Lion d'Angers, d. 1764, her mother Bouvet;
Louise married to Mathurin Mercier, his sons:
FranA§ois Mercier (la Vendee) in 1766 m. Francoise Hantri,
and Pierre Mercier in 1773 m. to Lucrece Touze.

Josephine Mercier (Friderichs, Aleksandrova, Weiss) b. 1778 d. 1824; she married second time in 1820 to Aleksandr Gustav Johann Weiss
(son of b. 1760);
her stepson b. 1839 d. 1917;
her grandson Aleksandr von Weiss b. 1870.

Above mentioned Aleksandr Gustav Johann Weiss b. 1792 d. 1845,
his father b. 1760 d. 1821,
and his mother b. ca 1768;
he was married 1st to
Anna Elisabeth Wrangell b. 1804, 2nd time in 1820 married to b. 1778 d. 1824;
his children:
b. 1833,
b. 1837,
b. 1839,
b. 1840.

Anna Elisabeth Wrangell Betsy b. 1804. Marriage with b. 1792.

Alexandra Konstantynowicz was buried by Rita Dunkel, and in the recording of Constantin (Wiktor Konstantynowicz) is Galina Dunkel / Tungel or Tunkel.
Dunkel Galina was buried at the cemetery of Siselinna on 13 August 1982; here name of Rita Krause.
Maybe Rita KRAUSE is a daughter of Galina DUNKEL nee Konstantynowicz, and Rita Irene and Rita are the same person.
Rita Irene, was daughter of Heinrich.

Rita Irene Heynrihovna b. 1927; Rita-Ireene was buried at cemetery of Siselinna that is Krauze Rita-Ireene who died on 21 November 1998.

Heinrich Dunkel, was a father of Rita, Irene; captain, husband of Dunkel Galina / Halina nee Konstantynowicz.
Heinrich Georg Dunkel / Heinrich Dunkel / Baldwin-Heinrich Dunkel was a reserve captain; Heinrich Dunkel was poisoned in the central prison of Tallinn by the communists. On January 10, 1934 or 1935 in Tallinn - was a funeral of the union officers leader, a reserve captain Baldwin - Heinrich Dunkel.
He had died in prison.

Inf. from Riga, Latvia:
daughter of Galina Sedykh / Dunkel nee Konstantynowicz was Irena.
Granddaughter was Sabine from Riga, the Sedykh family relatives.
After Irene's death from Tallinn brought some pictures, among them there were, pre-revolutionary.

Now we back to the Konstantynowiczs:
Nestor Troubecki vel Nester Kalinowski in 1857 went to Vienna, in 1859 returned to Krakow, promote the Ruthenian Catholic Church, the Belarusian Greek Catholic Church and Ruthenian language; 1863 the outbreak of January Uprising and he was involved in the secret 'Prowincjonalny Litewski Komitet' in Vilnius / Wilno; Trubecki was a member of the 'Miedzynarodowa Socjalno-Rewolucyjna Partia Proletariat' and a contributor of the 'Wolny Swiat' in 1904; 1905 went to Warsaw in the Congress Poland and next fled arrest in April 1906 and went to Zurich and Geneva;
"...lived in several European countries and returned to Congress Poland; active in the Polish-Belarusian underground resistance until his death in 1907".

Prince Nestor Grigorievich Troubetzkoy / Nester / Nestor Grigoriewicz Trubecki, a landowner and revolutionary, international journalist and from 1901 "correspondent of Freiheit, Neues Leben, Der Anarchist, Der Freie Arbeiter, Wolny Swiat, Der Generalstreik, Der Weckruf, member of Jan Machajski’s squad in Geneva", was born and died in Poland, b. in 1832 (?) in Free City of Cracow or in 1840 (!) - died in 1907 Warsaw.

Mother of Nestor Trubecki or Nester Trubiacki / Troubetzkoy vel Nestor Kalinowski was countess Maria Kalinowska.
Probably she was born after 1805 - ca 1819 and it was the same age as Maria Paszkowska / Mary Armand nee Paszkowski. The genealogy of Maria Kalinowska has to be proven, but it appears that the family was listed below:
her mother Emilia Potocka b. 1790 and married Kalinowski and second time married to Czeliszczew;
father Josif / Jozef / Osip Kalinowski b. after 1780 ? and died 1825;
grandfather was Seweryn Ksawery Kalinowski b. 1759 and
grandmother Elzbieta Bielska from Olbrachcice b. ca 1760.

Above Emilia Potocka married first to Kalinowski and second time to Czeliszczew, was born 1790 and
her parents:
Protazy Antoni Potocki b. 1761 and mother Marianna Lubomirska (Zubow, Potocki, Uwarow) born 1773 or Marianna Elzbieta Lubomirska b. ca 1766 - 1810.

Marianna Elzbieta Uvarova nee Lubomirska, ca 1766 - d. 1810, was daughter of Kasper Lubomirski and Barbara Poninska;
wife of Protazy Antoni Potocki;
Count Valerian Zubov,
and Uvarov;
mother of above
Emilia Kalinowska + Jozef Kalinowski (Josef / Osip Kalinowski general of Polish Army, b. ca after 1780, died 1825 - his wife Emilia Potocka / Kalinowska born 1790);
Aleksandr Valerianovich Zubov;
Platon Valerianovich Zubov, and
Elizaveta Valerianovna Voieikova.

Marianna Elzbieta Uvarova nee Lubomirska was sister of Jozefa Walewska.

Jozefa Walewska nee Lubomirska, b. ca 1764 - 1851; she was wife of Adam Walewski, and Jan Witt, Count;
copyright by Leszek Mila. Adam Walewski + Jozefa Lubomirska had 2 children:
a. Tadeusz Walewski (1795-1855), in 1828 m. to Anna Karwicka / Ann Dunin-Karwicka (1797-1881), daughter of General Krzysztof Karwicki;
b. Izabela Walewska.

Husband of above Maria Kalinowska {countess Maria Kalinowska was born after 1805 or ca 1819} was Gregory / Grigory Troubetzkoy / Grigorij Petrovich Trubecki who - settled before 1832 in the Kingdom of Poland - was born in 1802 after death of his father, and died in 1879 or 11 January 1874
- his brother
Prince Jurij Petrovich Trubeckoj / Yuri Troubetzkoy was born 1796, died 1859 (married to Olga Nikolaevna Tchaikovsky / Czajkowski daughter of Mikolaj Czajkowski).

His sister Anna nee Trubecki / Trubetsky / Anna Kozhoukhova born 23 December 1793 died 29 March 1827 (married to Alexandr Stepanovitch Kozhoukhov / Aleksander Kozuchow or Kozuchowski
son of Stefan Kozuchow or Kozuchowski).

Above Grigory Troubetzkoy / Grigorij Trubetsky / Gregori Trubiacki / Grzegorz Trubecki was a Prince of the Troubetzkoy family. He married above MARIA Kalinowska (lived in St Petersburg to 1840, then in Cracow).

Grigory / Grzegorz Trubecki was the son of Piotr Nikolaievich Troubetzkoy / Prince Petr Nikolaevich Troubetskoy born 18 November 1773 and died 16 November 1801 and Nadezhda Ivanovna Pestov / nee Pestova born 1793.
Above Prince Petr Nikolaevich b. 1773 and d. 1801 had parents:
mother Princess Varvara Alexandrovna Czerkasskaja / Princess Varvara Alexandrovna Tcherkassky, and her husband Nicholas Nikitich Trubeckoj b. 1744 and d. 1820 / 1821, writer,
who was son of
Prince Nikita (1699 - 1767, for 3 years as head of the Military Board with the rank of Field Marshal General).

Prince Nikita was son of (1668 - 1739), Russian statesman, privy councilor, senator.

Above Prince Nikita 7 months after the death of the first wife, married the widow of Major Matthew Kheraskov - Anna Danilovna, daughter of Prince Daniel DRUCKI-SOKOLNICKI;
Anne Danilovna was primarily married to major Matvey Andreyevich Kheraskov.

Above died 1752.
Above named died 1780; she had son born in 1744 in Moscow - above 3rd, 1744 - 1820.

The family had 8 sons Yuri, Nikolai, Alexei, Nicholas, Nicholas II, Alexander, Alexander II, Basil, and 5 daughters: Anna, Maria, Elena, Elena II, Catherine. Of the 13 children, 6 died in infancy.

TRUBETSKOY Nikolai Nikitich (1744-1821) is known as a close friend of Novikov and one of the main members of society Martinists. In 1796 Paul I sent him to the Voronezh province, but he was soon appointed as a senator in Moscow Senate.
This Society had a close connection to the Franco-Masons and the Illuminati, in the end of the XVIII century, was a lot of branches in Russia and Germany. Many of its members were of royal and high-ranking foreign persons, such as the Duke of Brunswick, Duke Kassalsky, Velkner, Prussian First Minister, etc. Many of the members were the Russians: Lopuhin Ivan, Ivan Turgenev, Kutuzov, Tatishchev, Chebotarev, etc.

His brother Prince Yuri Nikitich TRUBECKI, who was also a member of society Martinists, had a name Neasta (Neastes).

M. Kalinowska (Maria) married Troubetzkoy / Trubecki was sister of Seweryna Kalinowska, Jozefina and Olga, but this data need to be check, of course!
Above countess Olga born 1818 or 1822 was married to Ireneusz Kleofas Oginski b. 1808 d. 1863 from Belarus in 1844 and her son:
Bohdan / Bogdan Oginski was born in 1849.
She was lover of Alexander II, tsar of Russia who was born in Moscow on 29. 04. 1818.
This Emperor has children from two marriages and children with two different women: with NN princess Lubomirska ca 1867 and with above Olga, countess Kalinovsky / Olga nee Kalinowska was son Michael-Bogdan or Bogdan / Bohdan, prince Oginski born 10. 10. 1848 or 1849 married after to Gabrielle-Marie, countess Potulicka / Maria Potulicki.

Above Ireneusz Oginski, duke, lived in the Kovno government, and was landowner of Retow and Zalesie.
Bogdan Oginski died on 25. 03. 1909.

Sister of Olga:
Jozefina Kalinowska born 1816, was also married to duke Ireneusz Kleofas Oginski who was born 1808.

And Seweryna Kalinowski b. 1814 d. 1852 was married to Mikolaj Plautyn b. 1794 or 1796 d. 24 December 1866, son of Fiodor Sergiejewicz Plautyn / Plautin died 1807?

Above Nikolai Fedorovich Plautin was an outstanding military leader and statesman of the Russian Empire, General of Cavalry 1856, Adjutant General 1849, a member of the State Council in 1862.

Children of above named landowner and revolutionary Nestor Trubecki / Nester Troubetzkoy or Kalinowski / Trubeckoj born 1832 or 1840 in Cracow and died in Cracow or in Warsaw, Congress Poland in 1907:
1.
professor Nestorovich Paul Troubetskoy / Pavel Trubecki son of Nestor / Pawel Trubecki (TROUBETZKOY, was born in Congress Poland 1879); with title of Prince; died in 1941 in Tallinn; in Orsza, Belarus, 1903 was married to Maria Makeiewna Dobrzinska (Maria daughter of Maciej Dobrzynski born in Orsza on August the 1st or 8th, 1887 and died in Tallinn on 22 March 1974).
Pavel Trubecki was a member of the Polish Socialist Party of Jozef Pilsudski, "was a partisan of Stanislaw Bulak-Balachowicz, a member of The Special Unit of Belarusian People's Republic in Estonia (Asobny Atrad BNR in Estonia) and veteran of Estonian War of Independence. By 1905 Jozef Pilsudski's party, the Polish Socialist Party, of which Pawel Trubecki was a member, was the largest socialist party in the entire Russian Empire. Failing in his purpose, Trubecki left Congress Poland in 1906, and moved to Reval (now Tallinn, Estonia).

(Pawel Trubecki / Pavel Trubiacki / Paul Troubetzkoy moved from Orsha / Orsza to Tallinn in 1906, at the end of this year probably - but all his family to 1908).

In 1906, as a stable government was re-established in the province, a Neo-Romantic literary movement 'Young Estonia' (Noor-Eesti) took hold there. Pawel Trubecki got the Nansen passport".
His children:
Jan Michal / Ivan Mihkel Trubecki / Pavlovich Troubetzkoy born in Orsza 1906, died in Tallinn 1971 with wife Alma Koidu;
second - Anjuta Pavlovna Gorbachev / Gorbaczow b. Tallinn in 1908, died Tallinn 2004 with husband A. Gorbachev, proprietor of houses in Tallinn;
third Aleksander Trubetskoi / Alexander Pavlovich Troubetzkoy b. Tallinn 1913, d. 1941 with wife Linda;
fourth (see also below) - Wladymir / Vladimir Trubetsky / Wladimir Trubetskoi / Vladimir Waloc Troubetzkoy, b. 5.10.1915, d. 22.4.1997 with wife Gerda Tiksmann and second wife 1935 Lydia Maripuu born Dundaga 1915, died in Muuga Aedlinn 1990
(Muuga aedlinn - Muuga garden city is area in the western part of the town of Maardu, Estonia; it's located just east of Tallinn's Pirita district and Maardu is a town and a municipality in Harju County, Estonia and it is part of the east Tallinn metropolitan area; Nomme is south-west part of Tallinn):
his child -
Jan Trubecki / Jaan Trubetsky, born in Tallinn on 29.12.1938 and his children with Leili Rikk:
Tonu Trubetsky (+ Anu Klyszejko)
and Toomas Trubetsky and
also with Dagmar:
Tonis Trubetski and Toivo Trubetski.

Above named Vladimir Trubetskoy was a member of the Polish Home Army born 1915 died 1997 and his son was above Jan Trubetskoy born 1938.

2.
Gerasim / Herasim Trubecki / Gerasimos vel Gerasim Nestorovich Trubecki, doctor, born 1866 / 1870 / 1880 or after 1870 and died in Paris; scientist.
3.
four (5?) unknown:
an unknown oil magnate in Baku who was born ca 1870s and died ca April 28, 1920 in Baku; he was chemist in oil industry in Bakou / BAKU;
the second unknown, captain of the soviet icebreaker 'Yermak' / Ermak,
and two (or three) unknown daughters.

The genealogical research are directed to show that
Nestor Troubetzkoy (with nickname Nester Kalinowski) had a sister Maria Trubecki / Troubetzkoy.
His sister's name would be given by the mother Maria of the Kalinowski house: Mary Kalinowski who had affinities with family of Oginski; in turn, this family was associated with the Radziwills and then with the Konstantynowiczs in Miezonki.

Duchess Maria Troubeckoy probably born about 1840 or after 1840, married Konstantinovich - genealogical research go towards demonstrating that her husband's name was Vasily / Wasyl.

Wasilij or Vasily Konstantynowicz was born about 1835/1840.

Therefore, we have strong links between the 'Duflon and Konstantynowicz' Company in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Zaporozhya / Zaporoze / Alexandrovsk and with Estonia, including Tallinn, Viljandi and Parnu. These relations also apply Miezonki, Lodz, the secret Pilsudski movement (Andrzejak, Wankowicz, Trubecki) in Belarus and Estonia and the smuggling of weapons from Russia to Galicia by (Spychalski, Andrzejak) Lodz.
Two families: Kalinowski and Paszkowski [see Armand], has a lot connections. Count Joseph Kalinowski fought in the Polish Legions, among others between 1806 and 1807 - Silesia, Westphalia, etc. Similarly, the colonel and then general Franciszek Paszkowski. Both participated in the Napoleonic wars, years 1812-1813. Returned to the country in 1814. Then Paszkowski, and Kalinowski, have made a Free City of Krakow (ca 1819) and established families. Their children were born just after 1816 [see Moscow and the Armands]. Both have completed military service in the rank of general. Both family came from south of the former Poland, after in the Russian zone, and also in the Austrian partition, but had a relationships with families living in Russia.

Named Meshonka: here lived Antoni Konstantynowicz
(the first son of Dominik derived Starostwo Szamowo / Szamow oraz Berezetnia and Niesterewo w 2 pol. 17 wieku i na pocz. 18 wieku do Konstantynowiczow.
Copyright by http://download.maps.vlasenko.net/smtm100/n-36-063.jpgfrom area of Krycau - the first two maps depict the area on the eastern border of the former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the Mscislaw area, where the Konstantynowicz family had possessions in the 17th and 18th centuries, and from where moved to Miezonka - and verified noble descent in the Hrodna government 1861)
and his son Stanislav Konstantynowicz (born c. 1855) with the 2nd wife Anna nee Malkiewicz (Malkevicius of Tarnawa arms and others, mainly in districts of Panevezys and Siauliai) came from the Dryssa ujezd (= the Werchnedwinsk district; the place Asveja) in the Government of Vicebsk;
she was near related to the families Brzezinski / Bzezinskis (Konstancja Bzezinskis / Brzezinski), Ostrowski (from Piotr Ostrowski de Kaki in 1697; 1760 by the Czerowacz lake in Livonia) and Filipowicz (Pilipavicius or Pilipaitis with Pobog and Prawdzic coat of arms verified the armorial bearings in Vilna 1821: Jozef, Mateusz, Michal, Antoni, Szymon, Izydor, Benedykt and Joachim).

Miezonka was situated in the Ihumen district (in the GOVERNMENT OF MINSK, the parish of BERAZINO or BERESINO, the POHOST or Pogost region = Pogostskaya "volost" that is similar to county; PRECINCT BERAZINO = Uchastok No 2: Uyrevichskaya, Pogostskaya and the Belichanskaya volost; in fourth military constabulary) near to villages Duleba or Duleby by the Olsa river and Druczany - inheritance of Korsak family. In the small noble locality Druczany was the poor nobility, too and they spoke Belorussian to themselves every day. In the village Duleba lived mainly persons with Cedryk surname (1881). Besides close by villages: Iglica, Borowic(a), Zapole, Jagodka (Small Berry), Maczeski and Teresin.

Florian Czarnyszewicz, Nadberezyncy, wydanie 1942 w Buenos Aires.

I search for all information about the village MIEZONKA where my grandfather was born [or in MOWSCOW] on 23 April 1898 either 1897 or 23 April 1900; Belarus now, the Bjalynicy (= Belynichi) region in the Mahileu (= the Mogilev province) "oblast"; the village is situated among grand forest and southwards was big marsh - Miezonka was at a territory of enormous estates the Radziwilles before A.D. 1840;
the Combat Organization of the Polish Socialist Party conducted a contraband of weapon from Russia to Austria - Hungary at the beginning of the 20th century keeping in touch with Josef Pilsudski (b. 1867) and that track led out of Petersburg among other things across Miezonka and Lodz (the Tuvim street) in the direction to Galicia; a family of ANDRZEJAK from Lodz involved in this activity occupied quarters in Miezonka (among other things) all over the first World War and thus they became technolators of aviation and the basis of the amateurish movement of aviation sports in Lodz after 1920.

The Polish school of Berazino precinct was here in 1918 under German occupation [Andrej M. K. Mikalajeu-Paszkiewicz wrote about Hajduk Sloboda village, acc.to: Zdzislaw J. Winnicki, "Kojdanowsko-Polski Rejon Narodowosciowy w BSSR. Uwagi o genezie oraz przeslankach funkcjonowania. Stan badan problematyki.]"

(others Polish schools in this constabulary in 1918 with following of the Germans:
Cerven,
Poticzolo near to Cerven,
Pieczyszcze,
Tadulicze and
Stara Droga near to Ljady,
Malinnik and
Nowinki near to Chutar,
Raczyborek and
Wysoka Gora near to Bahusevicy,
Berazino,
Wiazyczyn,
Ravanicy,
Bieliszczany,
Bryjelow and
Hajduk Sloboda - NW of Berazino,
Rubiez,
Studzienka
and Wasilewszczyzna - the east of Berazino,
Zukowiec by Bjarezina = the Berezyna river);

farm - houses in Borovina and Miezonka estates were burned down and sequestered by the Soviets in the second half of November 1918 (Lenin in agreement with Germany occupied Belarus since 14.11.1918) and many perished. Displacement at Ural and Siberia (the governments of Perm and Omsk) from here in winter 1928/29 and 1937 - 1951.

With the webpage http://forum.globus.tut.by/ you can look at new photos of our Miezonka village and here 'alexBel' was writing:
'Mezhonka. At the local cemetery are ruins of the base of a church, the church itself was demolished in 1930. The Catholic cemetery has about 200 years (according to local), on it a lot of old monuments with inscriptions in Polish. An interesting story that we told the local granny:
"After the revolution began mass repressions against Poles living in the country; Catholics, some exiled, others have time to run home. Immediately after the church was destroyed, all the values ??that were in it, a group of parishioners were buried at the cemetery in the guise of the grave, and the parishioners themselves fled to Poland. In the early 2000s, the son of one of the survivors came to Mezhonka / Mezonka / Miezonki / Meshonka and asked to see the cemetery, the locals took him and showed a cemetery and a ... site of the grave, (photo below), which had recently unearthed unknown. In this place, lay tombstones and stone with an inscription in Polish, which, as he explained later descendant, said: "take away the one who left"...".

I realize that such stories in every village, but it seemed to me true, though perhaps no "belongings" were not there.
Another interesting fact: the village Mezhonka located at the border of the Minsk area, and if in the village our navigator showing that we are in the Mogilev region, then to the cemetery (the cemetery belongs to Mezhonka), he argued that we are in the Minsk region. Coordinates: 53.779296 29.412777. Below is showing the place where was the church...'.
And stone with name 'Boleslaw Nejmowski'.

The Roman Catholic chapel was in the Miezonka village on the German map of 1941.

On the Miezonka river was a mill owned by the Szostak family from the 60's of the nineteenth century. The oldest homes in Miezonka 19th centuryThe Miezonka aristocratic locality partially abolished after 1937, and finally after the Second World War in 1944 - before eighties of the twentieth century. Only the Miezonka village area remaining south of the nobility houses, which were plowed. In 2012, there were remnants of the Catholic cemetery - photos on my domain 'konstantynowicz.info'.

The cemetery has a long history. The origins of the first half of the nineteenth century, when it was leased by the Czapski noble family from the Radziwill family. After 1842 the property was in the Konstantynowicz hands. Since the sixties of the 19th century settled here Szostak and other Catholic gentry. They were also the Zbieranowskis who received a land from the Radziwill family for their service to this aristocratic family. We had affinities with the Radziwills.

After 1937 the Bolsheviks killed the Poles suspected of collaborating with the Polish military intelligence. After 1944 the Soviets demolished all the houses of the nobility, but some fundamentals remained visible in the photographs. Land was plowed, planted with grass and turned into pasture land and a hill align up even, on which were the first noble houses in 1850, belonging to the Konstantynowiczs.

The chapel was destroyed, but the remaining stones. From the small Catholic cemetery in the area of the former noble Miezonka locality, remained only some graves, among others the Witkowskis. Currently, the south-east of the cemetery is a Belarusian village Miezonka where ca 2000 older people known on Polish Catholic nobility of the noble Miezonka village.

Miezonka noble catholic village ca 1800 - before 1951. This is history of the Constantinovich family with relatives: Troubetzkoy, Sedykh from Kazan, and Kalinowski from Cracow, Armand in Moscow and Petersburg, Gernet from Estonia, Dunkel / Tunkel, Rehbinder / Rebinder, Benkedorf, Urban, Steinberg, from Estonia, Dubbelt / Dubelt from Riga, Bakst, Demonet or De Monet, Dizeren, Azbelev, Bagration-Gruzinski and Mukhrani from Sakartvelo-Georgia.

In St Petersburg our family owned the Duflon and Konstantynowicz Company, 1892 - 1918.

A revenge on the Poles from Miezonka in the Soviet was terrible. Nothing was supposed to remain after their ancestors. In the colony of the Soviet - in Communist Poland - their descendants were destroyed and controlled. A graves and memory on the Polish nobility in Belarus were destroyed. Not only in Belarus, but also in other countries of Eastern Europe. This Asian way of revenge is difficult to describe.

Destruction of the cradle of the Polish nobility is Polish extermination hourglass. Only in this way and in this context should be understood edition of my websites on a deadly revenge on the one noble village among hundreds of similar localities. Yes, Miezonka is an icon of resistance, at the same time a symbol of aggression and occupation of Belarus by Soviet. Our photos are documents about the invasion, occupation and final destruction of the symbol. It's the ritual revenge and retaliation.

See also:

Franciszka Teofila Soltan b. ca 1751 in Berdyczow, wife of Stanislaw SOLTAN and mother of Adam Leon Ludwik Soltan; Karolina Piottuch-Kublicka; Helena Soltan and Anna Soltan.

Above Karolina Piottuch-Kublicka nee Soltan b. ca 1790. Wife of Jozef Piottuch-Kublicki.
Named Jozef Piottuch-Kublicki - see my domain on the KONSTANTYNOWICZs in MIEZONKA.

Adolf Piottuch-Kublicki born 1810 + Ida Oginska (b. ca 1820 or 1810 / 1813), with son Karol Piottuch Kublicki b. ca 1850 (+ Zofia Eysymont, 1840 / 1848 - died 1926, daughter of Oktawiusz, and Helena Soltan);
above Adolf was son of Jozef Piottuch-Kublicki - officer in Zawilie, b. 1780 + Karolina Soltan b. ca 1780 / 1790.

Above named Jozef had daughters and sons:
1.
Anna Benislawska (born Piottuch-Kublicki in 1809, d. 1885 + Jozef Benislawski, 1790-1852,
with: Leon Benislawski 1846-1935, Jan 1847 -1899, Stanislaw, Konstanty, Adolf, Edward, Ludwik Benislawski, Helena Benislawska b. before 1852);
2.
Walentyna Soltan (born Piottuch-Kublicka, b. ca 1800 / 1810 + Wladyslaw Jozef Soltan b. 1795, died in 1843, son of Benedykt b. 1770 and Jozefa Benislawska.
Walentyna's daughter was Oktawia Soltan, 1830 - 15.8.1871 in Kazan + in 1849 to Wladyslaw Hieronim Samuel Soltan, 1824 - 1900, the January Uprising 1863);
3.
Stanislaw Piottuch-Kublicki born 1804;
4.
Oktawia Piottuch-Kublicka b. ca 1810 + Jozef Szumski b. ca 1800 + 2nd to Dominik Konstantynowicz of MIEZONKA;
5.
Emilia Piottuch-Kublicka b. 1803 + Wincenty Smokowski 1797 - 1876, son of Michal and Konstancja Mickiewicz;
6.
above named Adolf Piottuch-Kublicki + Ida Oginska b. ca 1820 / 1813 / 1810.

Eliasz Piottuch-Kublicki was son of Jerzy Piottuch-Kublicki of Kublicze, official in Livland, b. 1710 + Rozalia Korsak-Udzielska 1735- 1789.
Eliasz Piottuch-Kublicki of Livland / Inflanty, born ca 1730, married in ca 1775 to Augusta Soltan b. ca 1750 or 1760
[daughter of Stanislaw Soltan 1698 - 1758, and Helena Romer;
the granddaughter of Samuel Soltan 1654 - 1735;
and great-granddaughter of Hieronim Wladyslaw Soltan],
with:
1.
Elzbieta Piottuch-Kublicka b. 1780, m. Benedykt Wawrzecki of Braslaw, b. ca 1760, 2nd to Krutz;
2.
above mentioned Jozef Piottuch-Kublicki of Zawilie, m. Karolina Soltan.

GIZYCKI, of the Gostyn county, come from Zytomierz.

Kajetan Gizycki (1725 - 1785 ) son of
Bartlomiej Gizycki b. 1682, official in Wyszogrod, and Franciszka Romer;
the BAR insurgent; Colonel; the owner of Krasnopole;
brother of Tadeusz Gizycki d. 1801, General.

Kajetan's children:
Salomea Gizycka m. Dominik Oskierko owner of Krasnopole;
Antoni Gizycki owner of Moloczki;
Adam Gizycki;
Bartlomiej Gizycki d. 1827 in Moloczki, 1792 adjutant of Jozef Poniatowski, General;
Franciszek Ksawery Gizycki + Weronika Sulatycka.

Rafal Oskierko + Stanislawa Teresa Oginski, 1724-1744, that is Rafal Alojzy Oskierka m. in 1741.
Her parents:
Marcin Michal Oginski, 1672-1750 + Teresa Tyzenhauz 1690-1730
[see SZAWLE and Obama, Clinton, McKinley in 1901, Pakosc with Czolgosz, and Tadeusz Wolanski with Szawle and General Tadeusz Kosciuszko, his godfather].

Now we need to look at the Oginski family:

Wilhelm Jan Plater Broel, b. 1715, died 1769 in Wilno, his father was Jan Plater / Jan Wilhelm Plater Broel, and mother was Helena Filipina Oginska
(Helena Filipina Oginska b. ca 1690 / 1694 in Mogilev, the Mahilyow District, was daughter of Leon Oginski and Konstancja Kociell.
That is Elena Filipina Plateriene Oginskaite.
Above Leon Kazimierz Oginski married Konstancija Ana KOCIELL - Oginskiene).

Above LEON Kazimierz Oginski / Leonas Kazimieras Oginskis, b. ca 1658, died 1699, was son of Jan Oginski (his second wife Anna Siemaszko; see below), and Joanna / Joana Teodora NARUSZEWICZ / Oginska.

LEON Kazimierz Oginski had children:
Helena Filipina Oginska b. ca 1690 / 1694 in Mogilev that is Elena Filipina Plateriene / Helena Filipina Oginska b. in Mogilev;
Liudvika Krolikovskiene, and
Mykolas Antanas Oginski.

Jan was brother of Szymon Karol OGINSKI / Symeon Oginski (see below); Regina Pociej; Helena Tyszkiewicz-Lohojska; Prakseda; Katarzyna; and Krystyna - wife of Dadzbog Frackiewicz-Radziminski.

Mentioned Jan Oginski b. 1619 of the Mscislau province was father of
Leon Kazimierz (see above),
Kazimierz Dominik Oginski (see below)
and Mikolaj Franciszek Oginski Duke / Mikalojus PranciL?kus Oginskis,
Anna Tyszkiewicz; Maria Massalska / Marina Ana Masalskiene; Grzegorz Antoni Oginski; Aleksandr Oginski; Marcian Antoni Oginski died 1703.

Jozef Tadeusz Oginski (George Tadeusz Oginski / Juozas Tadas Oginskis / Jozef Oginski b. 1693) married Anna Korybut- Wisniowiecka (b. 1695 in Novhorod-Sivers'kyi),
he was son of above named
Kazimierz Dominik Oginski b. ca 1664;
grandson of Jan Oginski / Jonas Jackus Oginskis / Jan Jacek Oginski, b. 1619 in Mscislau / Mstislavl, died 1684;
great-grandson of Samuel OGINSKI senior.

Jozef Tadeusz Oginski b. 1693 had children:
Augusta Plater / Pliateriene;
Katarzyna Przezdziecka;
General Michal Kazimierz Oginski Duke (b. 1728, d. 1800);
Kazimiera Brzostowska; Genowefa Brzostowska; Elzbieta Wielhorska; Honorata Oginska and Kotryna Przezdziecka / Pzezdeckiene.

Now we look at Szymon Karol / Symeon Oginski b. ca 1621, died 1699, who was also brother of above JAN Oginski (see above; 1619 - 1684);
Szymon was father of Zofia Oginska;
Boguslaw Oginski Duke;
Marcin Michal OGINSKI [see below] Duke, 1672 - 1750;
Krystyna Tyszkiewicz;
Eleonora; Jurgis Oginskis and Aleksander Oginski.

And the branch of Andrzej Ignacy Joachim Jozafat Oginski b. 1740 in Tadulin, the Vicebsk / Witebsk province, died 1787 in Guzow, the Marshal under Andrzej Mokronowski in 1776,
son of Tadeusz Franciszek Oginski b. 1712 and Izabella Radziwill (Tadeusz had 2nd wife Jadwiga Zaluska).

Andrzej Oginski married Paula Szembek, with son Michal Kleofas Oginski!

Above Tadeusz Franciszek Oginski 1712 - 1783 in Molodeczno,
was son of above Marcjan Michal Oginski (1672 - 1750) + Teresa Brzostowska.

Tadeusz's children:
above Andrzej Ignacy Oginski, and
Franciszek Ksawery Oginski.

Above MARCJAN Marcin Michal Oginski, 1672 - 1750, m. to Teresa Brzostowski,
then 2nd to Teresa Tyzenhaus;
3rd Krystyna Abramowicz;
4th Tekla Anna Larska.

Marcin Michal was father of
Stanislawa Teresa [see above - Stanislawa Teresa Oginski, 1724-1744, m. Rafal Alojzy Oskierka, marriage in 1741. Her parents: Marcin Michal Oginski, 1672-1750 + Teresa Tyzenhauz 1690-1730];
Marianna;
Barbara Pac;
Ignacy Oginski;
Stanislaw Jerzy Oginski;
Tadas Pranciskus Oginskis / Tadeusz Franciszek Oginski b. 1712
[father of Andrius Ignotas Oginskis / Andrzej Ignacy Oginski b. 1740 in TADULINO
{father of Michal Kleofas Oginski b. 1765 in Guzow
(he was father of
Franciszek Ksawery Oginski;
Tadeusz Antoni Oginski;
Amelia Zaluska;
Ireneusz Kleofas / Irenejus Oginskis b. 1808 who married Jozefina Kalinowska and Olga Kalinowska;
Emma Wysocka; and Ida b. 1813),
and Jozefa Zofia Lopacinska},
and Franciszek Ksawery Stanislaw];
Marcijana Potocka and
Benedykta Tyszkiewicz.

Now we back to Estonia - KAZAN - Moscow and Miezonka line of the Konstantynowiczs:
Wiktor Konstantynowicz or Wiktor Konstantynowicz Staroch Siedoch was born on 20 October 1874 in Kazan, his father unknown name - Wasyl acc. to me
(remember about A. Konstantinovich / Apollon (Apollo, Palemon, Apolon) Konstantynowicz the son of Wasyl / Wasilij Konstantynowicz, the owner of the technical office in Moscow, worked for Breguet, and with Duflon.
Wasilij / Wasyl Constantinowitz / Konstantynowicz, was general of the Russian Army, and Leon Bakst (1866 - 1924) is our far kinsman:
his relatives,
families Tretyakov, Barsak, Klyachko and Manfred.
Apollon (Apollo, Apellon) Wasylewicz Konstantynowicz who b. ca 1862, was the son of Wasilij / Wasyl Konstantynowicz who was born ca 1840.
The wife of Apollon was Anna Armand, oldest - Anna nee Armand was born on 19 August 1866 in Moscow - daughter of Evgenii / Eugeniusz Armand;
Eugene / Eugeniusz Armand was born about 1842),
but mother was Mary vel Maria nee Trubecki / Duchess Mary Trubetskaya / Maria Trubecka / Trubetskaja / Trubetzkaya born ca 1853 (or circa 1840).

Wiktor Konstantynowicz was married to Alexandra Nikolaevna nee Starych Siedych / Sedykh / Siedoh, born 03 February 1877 in St Petersburg, her father Nikolai Ivanov Starych Siedych / Sedykh / Siedoh, mother Olga Ryabchinskaya / Riabczynski;

Wiktor Konstantynowicz on 09 June 1934 lived in Estonia, Nomme, the Harku street No (tn) 28-2 and buried in the cemetery Hiiu-Rahu.

Above named Starych Siedych Victor Konstantynowicz born 1874, in service since 1904, an officer since 1912, 'ensign' that is praporschik by Admiralty, in the North - Western Army of White movement enlisted on May 20, 1919 and in December 1919 at the headquarters of the 4th Infantry Division.

In 1917 Wiktor Konstantynowicz was living in Peterburg / St. Petersburg but on June the 14th, 1924 they lived in the town of Viljandi.

Daughter of Alexandra and Victor Konstantynowicz / Konstantinovitsch was
Galina nee Konstantynowicz / Halina Konstantynowicz Dunkel born approx. 1900 / 1902 died in Nomme after 1968 and was married to a Latvian / German - Dunkel / Tunkel;
she had two daughters,
one married to a Latvian,
another to a German (Irena? Rita Irene).

Balduin Heinrich Dunkel, killed in 1934, Tallinn, born on October 18, 1890 - died on January 6, 1935 in Keskvangla, Tallinn.
Son of Johannes Dunkel
[b. on August 26, 1845 in Humala, 9 km north to Keila, in Harjumaa, died on March 15, 1935 in Tallinn - son of Mari Tunkel Pork, 1822 in Keila, d. 1865, daughter of Toomas Pork and Anna - wife of Hans Tunkel - Hans Tunkel, 1814 in Lepiku talu, Kumna - 3 km north-east to KEILA, Harjumaa - 4 km south-east to KARJAKULA;
son of [Leppiko] Siim Tunkel and Mari - above
Leppiko Siim, b. ca 1779 in Keila, Harju County, Estonia, died in 1846 -
see: Otto Magnus Karl Bernhard von Toll (1794 - 1799) born in Thula (Tuula), close to Saue, Harjumaa; d. 1799 in Walling (Valingu), close to Saue and Keila; and Margaretha Elisabeth Lisette von Toll Freiin von Rosen (1769 - 1824), d. 1824 in Walling (Valingu), close to Saue and Keila. Valingu, 4 km north-east of Tuula, 4 km south-west of Saue.

Franziska Helene Magdalena von Toll 1796 - d. 1820 in Walling (Valingu), 3 km east of Keila.
Berend Heinrich von Toll, owner of Walling and Tuula / Thula (1758 - 1829)]

and Louise-Antonie Dunkel
{Louise-Antonie Dunkel (Kraman), b. 1861, died in 1920, daughter of
Anton Kreemann - born ca 1831, in Luiste, 8 km south-east to Kullamaa, Estonia.
Son of (Uuetoa Mardi) Mart Kramann and (Haima kortsu Adami) Vilhelmina / Miina Kramann - b. 1806 in Marjamaa khk., Sotkula m., Estonia.
Daughter of (Meremoisa Jaagu / Haima) Adam from Muua maja, Meremoisa, Keila vald, Harjumaa

[Meremoisa Jaagu / Haima, Adam, b. ca 1770 - d. 1834],
and Leenu.

CAPTAIN Balduin Heinrich Dunkel, was the husband 1st of Maria Tunkel {Hubner, died in 1923} and 2nd to Galina Tunkel KONSTANTYNOWICZ
[1900 - 1982, wife of Balduin Heinrich Dunkel and mother of Georgi (Jura) Tunkel (1918 - 1942, husband of unknown Kukk); Tamara Bender (1925 - 1975) and unknown Tunkel];
Balduin Heinrich Dunkel was the father of Georgi (Jura) Tunkel; Tamara Bender and KUKK-Tunkel.
Brother of Herda-Elisabeth Takel; Herbert-Friedrich Tungal; Pauline Tamberg; Emilie Jaakson; Gottfried Valentin Dunkel.
Half brother of Helene Pauline Anette Dunkel; Carl Johann Tungal / Dunkel; Marie Dunkel; Emilie Dunkel; Adele Dunkel.

The Krauze / Krause family, Latvian-German origin, before the Second War in Latvia and Estonia:
Christina Sofia Krause b. 1755 in Revel / Tallinn, d. 1825;
m. Frideriks b. 1749;
her children: b. 1776, d. 1834, and b. ca 1780; in Avandus was born in 1784.

They were living in Lasinurme (Lassinorm) - close to Avandus, knight manor in Simuna Parish, Virumaa County - south of Rakvere;
Thula / Tuula, Saue Parish, Harju County, Estonia - 3 km south of Keila, 8 km soth-west of Saue, 8 km east of Lehola.

GENERAL Alexander Konstantinovich von Weiss, Captain 1st class, 1870-1923; and of Evgenija von Weiss. Named Evgenija von Weiss born Beklemiseva, ca 1905, was the daughter of Beklemishev.

Note on count Seweryn Ksawery Kalinowski b. 1759:
his father was Ignacy Kalinowski born ca 1720 died 1782 and his mother was Justyna nee Borzecka b. ca 1735 (1710 it's error) - Justyna was daughter of Franciszek Borzecki (ca 1693 - 1739) and Ludwika Marianna Pociej (b. ca 1715), and married ca 1765 to Ignacy Kalinowski; she died after 1780?.
The father of above Ludwika Marianna Pociej was Ludwik Konstanty Pociej.

Ludwik Konstanty Pociej, and Kazimierz Aleksander Pociej were sons of Leonard Gabriel Pociej b. 1632, died in 1695;
Leonard Pociej was closest friend of Marcjan Aleksander Oginski, son of wife's brother.
Leonard Gabriel Pociej married to Regina Oginska, primo voto Walter Korff of Troki.

Above Regina Pociej nee Oginska, b. circa 1624, died ca 1700, was daughter of Samuel Leon Oginski and Zofia Billewicz. She was sister of Jan Oginski; Szymon Karol Symeon Oginski, and Helena Tyszkiewicz, inf. by Viktorija Janina Ruskuliene.
Above Samuel Leon Oginski b. ca 1593, d. 1657; inf. by Andrzej Hennel at geni.com.

Above Kazimierz Aleksander Pociej and Anna Teresa
had son
Aleksander Pociej 1698 - 1770, who was the father of
Anna Tyszkiewicz; Karolina Radziwill; Leonard Pociej, and Ludwik Pociej.

Mentioned above Karolina Pociej 1732 in Witebsk - died 1776, was daughter of above
Aleksander Pociej and Teresa Brzostowska;
Karolina POCIEJ was wife of Stanislaw Radziwill;
she was mother of
Anna Barbara Mostowska; Mikolaj Radziwill; Franciszka Teofila Soltan; Antonina Barbara Anna Mostowska; Teofila Radziwill.

Karolina was sister of Anna Tyszkiewicz; Leonard Pociej, and Ludwik Pociej. Copyright by Jacek Wozniakowski.

Above named Antonina Barbara Anna Radziwill 1762-1833 was 1st wife of Tadeusz Antoni Mostowski Count (1824), 1766-1842; he 2nd married to Marianna Anna Potocka.

Now we back to above named Franciszka Teofila Soltan:
Jozef Szumski b. ca 1800, m. ca 1827 to Oktawia Piottuch-Kublicka b. ca 1810; Oktawia 2nd married ca 1831 to Konstantynowicz Dominik of MIEZONKA; OKTAWIA was daughter of Jozef Piottuch-Kublicki b. ca 1780 and from mother Karolina Soltan;

KAROLINA was daughter of Stanislaw Soltan 1756-1836 and Franciszka Teofila Radziwill at Nieswiez b. ca 1751,
daughter of above Stanislaw Radziwill 1722 - 1787,
who was son of Mikolaj Faustyn Radziwill 1688 - 1746.

We back again to above Kazimierz Aleksander Pociej 1666 - 1728, who was son of Leonard Gabriel Pociej and Regina;
Kazimierz Aleksander Pociej was the brother of mentioned above Ludwik Konstanty Pociej; copyright by Viktorija Janina Ruskuliene.

Children of above Stanislaw Soltan 1756-1836:
1. Helena Soltan + Franciszek Soltan, member of the Order of Malta;
2. Adam Leon Ludwik Soltan, b. 2.7.1792 in Warszawa, freemason, m. Idalia Pociej 1790 - 1839;
3. Karolina Piottuch-Kublicki; and others.

We back to above Leonard Pociej 1727 - 1774 who was son of Aleksander Pociej and Teresa Brzostowska;
Leonard Pociej was the brother of Anna Tyszkiewicz; Karolina Radziwill and Ludwik Pociej.
Leonard had son Aleksander Michal Pociej (1774-1846);
Leonard Pociej married Maria Aleksandra.

Aleksander Michal Pociej (1774-1846) was the husband of Anna Korzeniowska; he was the father of Teodor Pociej and Idalia Pociej 1790 - 1839 married Soltan.
Inf. by Maksim Pavlenko at geni.com.

Above Aleksander Michal Pociej (1774-1846) was son of Maria Aleksandra Radziwill b. 1753;
his grandfather was Wojciech Albrycht Radziwill 1717-1762.

Above Aleksander Pociej 1698 - 1770, was son of mentioned Kazimierz Aleksander Pociej.
Above Kazimierz Aleksander Pociej 1666 - 1728, was son of Leonard Gabriel Pociej and Regina;
Kazimierz Aleksander Pociej was brother of Ludwik Konstanty Pociej; copyright by Viktorija Janina Ruskuliene.

A brother of above Justyna nee Borzecka was Aleksander Maciej Borzecki in 1773 who made agreement with Ignacy Kalinowski on a will and testament of Emerencjanna Warszycki who was married first to Pociej, and she was great-grandmother of Ignacy Kalinowski born ca 1720 died 1782, acc. to: http://www.redbor.pl/.

Above Ludwik Konstanty Pociej b. 1664, d. 30 January 1730, in 1709 commander-in-chief of the Lithuanian army, his parents: Leonard Gabriel Pociej and Regina Oginska.
Ludwik Konstanty was father of above Ludwika Marianna Pociej (b. ca 1715) who married to Franciszek Borzecki (ca 1693 - 1739)
with daughter Justyna KALINOWSKA (m. Ignacy Kalinowski born ca 1720 died 1782).
Her son was above named count Seweryn Ksawery Kalinowski b. 1759.
Justyna nee Borzecka b. ca 1735 (1710 it's error).

Above named Seweryn Ksawery Kalinowski was born 1759, married in 1780 to Elzbieta Bielski from Olbrachcice born ca 1760 with children:
1. Josef / Osip Kalinowski general of Polish Army, b. ca after 1780, died 1825 - his wife Emilia Potocka born 1790,
2. Ignacy Franciszek Kalinowski b. 1784 d. 1831 and
3. Justyna Kalinowska married Russocka b. 1790 d. 1876.

Above Ignacy Franciszek Kalinowski b. 1784 d. 1831 had son Wladyslaw Kalinowski.

Children of mentioned count Jozef Kalinowski:
1. Seweryna b. 1814 d. 1852,
2. Jozefina married Oginska, born 1816 and died 1844 and also
3. Olga born 1822 died 7 April 1899 in Retow;
4. MARIA Kalinowska (Maria TRUBECKA) married Troubetzkoy / Trubecki was sister of above Seweryna, Jozefina and Olga, but this data need to be check, of course (see the Konstantynowiczs in Estonia)!

Above countess Olga born 1818 or 1822 was married to Ireneusz Kleofas Oginski b. 1808 d. 1863 from Belarus in 1844 and her son: Bohdan / Bogdan Oginski was born in 1849. She was lover of Alexander II, tsar of Russia who was born in Moscow on 29. 04. 1818. This Emperor has children from two marriages and children with two different women: with NN princess Lubomirska ca 1867 and with above Olga, countess Kalinovsky / Olga nee Kalinowska was son Michael-Bogdan or Bogdan / Bohdan, prince Oginski born 10. 10. 1848 or 1849 who married to Gabrielle-Marie, countess Potulicka / Maria Potulicki.
I wrote above that the grandfather of Olga, Jozefina and Seweryna was Seweryn Ksawery Kalinowski b. 1759.

Grandson of named above Seweryna nee Kalinowska was Mikolaj Plautin b. 1868 who married to Maria Michajlowna Rajewska 1872 - 30 December 1942;
her mother:
Marija Grigorievna nee Gagarin -
her sister
Anastazja Grigorievna nee Gagarin b. 1853 died 1876 married to Piotr Michajlovich Orlov Denisov born 1852
who was son of
Michail Vasilievich Orlov Denisov born 1823,
who was brother of Nadiezda married Katenin.

Grandfather of above Marija nee Rajewskaja was Mikolaj Mikolajevich Rajevskij Younger from the Kiev government, Moscow and St Petersburg b. 14 September 1801; and the second grandfather of above Maria nee Rajewska was Grigorij Grigorievich Gagarin b. 1810 d. 1893.

According to Russian sources in 2015, Maria Tarnowska came from the Ukrainian Cossacks:
Michael / Michail Andreevich Katenin or Colonel Mikhail Andreivitch Katenin, married to Countess Nadejda Vasilievna, the second daughter of General Count Vasili Vasilievitch Orlov-Denissov.
They had daughters:
1.
Mary or Maria / Princess Maria Mikhailovna Katenin married in 1868 to Prince Nikolaoz / Nikolai Ilyich Gruzinski b. 7th August 1844, Governor of Vilno 1899 and Vice-Governor 1896 - 1899; he d. 1916,
having two sons and four daughters.
2.
Sofia KATENIN d. 1908, married ca 1880 to Viktor Martynov / Wiktor Martynow b. 1858 d. 1915 -
his father,
Nikolai Martynov Solomonovich b. 1816,
and his grandparents: Solomon M. Martinov and Elizabeth M. Tarnovskaya b. 1783.

Martynov / Martynov Dmitry M. born 1760, had brother
Martynov Solomon Mikhailovich b. 1774, d. 1839 or after 1840; a wife of above Martynov Solomon Mikhailovich was above named
Elizabeth M. Tarnovskaya / Elzbieta Tarnowska - Polish (1783 - 1851), the daughter of Major and State Councilor Mikhail Vasilyevich Tarnowski (1759 - ?).

Children of Elzbieta Tarnowska MARTYNOW were:
Elizabeth Solomonovna Martynov,
Ekaterina Martynova Solomonovna (Rzhevskaya - Rzhevskij Michal),
1814-60 Michael Solomonovich Martynov;
above named Nikolai Martynov Solomonovich 1815 / 1816 - 1875 / 1876 who in 1841 killed Lermontov in a duel, his family related to Kolirovsky and Romeiko - Hurko (Polish);
1819 Natalia Martynova Solomonovna;
Julia Martynova Solomonovna Gagarin b. 1821;
Dmitry Martynov Solomonovich born 1824 and died 1909;
also Pawel and Peter Solomonovich Martynov (? born ca 1820) - friends of Stefan Drzewiecki, Polish nobleman but about Pawel and Peter no any inf.

Above Mikhail Vasilyevich Tarnowski was son of Wasyl Tarnowski / Vasily Tarnowski; known as Michael Tarnavskiy, b. 1759;
Vasily Tarnowski (? b. ca 1720) was son of
Jan Tarnowski / Ivan Grigorevich Tarnavskiy died 1761 (? born ca 1700); Vasily was Cossak, captain of Poltava regiment.
Above Grigorij TARNOWSKI (? born ca 1670) was son of Jan b. ca 1650,
and grandson of Jozef Tarnowski b. ca 1620.

Mentioned above Martynov Dmitry M. born 1760 - that is Martynov Dmitry Michajlovich b. 1760. Captain (or Major?). He was a Kirsanov district (in Tambov Province) leader of the nobility.
His daughter was Victoria nee Martynov / Wiktoria Matriniwna second voto Krasnickaja (Krasnicki), born ca 1796 and died on December 6, 1862 in Kiev.
Daughter of above Wiktoria:
Anna Petrowna Konstantynowicz / Hanna Pietriwna / Konstantinovich who married Vernadsky / Vernadskij.

Anna became the wife of Professor Ivan Vasilevich Vernadsky / Iwan Wasylewicz Wernadski b. 1821 died 1884, and she was mother of W. I. Wernadski.
Anna b. November 11, 1837 (1827?) in Kiev / Kyiv in Ukraine and died on November 7, 1898 (1865?).
Her mother was named above Victoria nee Martynov / Wiktoria second voto Krasnicka, daughter of Major (or Captain?) Russian army - Martynow.

Wernadska Konstantynowicz Anna / Ganna / Hanna was friend of Wultfert Malecka Lidia, daughter of Karol Malecki.
Anna's children:
1. Wladymir Wernadski born 28 February 1863 d. 6 January 1945, 2. Ekaterina married Korolenko / born 1864 died 1910, 3. Olga Wernadska born 1864.

Anna's father:
Piotr Konstantynowicz
son of Krzysztof Konstantynowicz,
b. 1785 (date 1795 was error) and died on October 9, 1850 in Kiev, Baykove cemetery; Kiev garrison 1836, general major 1848,
son of Krzysztof Konstantynowicz who was born 1741 and died 1786. Krzysztof Konstantynowicz with the FOX coat of arms, derived from the MSCISLAU / MSCISLAW province and he was from the family of AUGUST / AUGUSTYN Konstantynowicz, the writer of MSCISLAW.

Anna's stepmother (not mother): daughter of Jan Gulak, son of Jan.

Anna's brothers and sisters:
1.
Pawel Konstantynowicz Piotrowicz / Pawlo son of Pietr, 1822 - 1884, lived in Wsiotiwce / Wojtiwce / Woitivcy / Wojtowce, married to Olga Iwanowna, b. ?, died 1903, daughter of Dubnikow; he served for the Poltawskij regiment in 1837, the Sleckij regiment (Slucki?) of 1842, 1843 lieutenant, the Newski Naval regiment 1845, has 7 children;
2. Lew,
3. Elena,
4.
Iwan Piotrowicz - Jan Konstantynowicz who married to Marija Sofroniwna / Sofronow, daughter of Grigorij, b. ?, died 1850, she was from Sewastopol; they had daughter
Oleksandra Iwaniwna Konstantynowicz / Aleksandra Iwanowna 1848 - died 1920, nee Konstantynowicz; she was married in August 1866 to Modzelewski Lew son of Michail, 1837 - 1896;
her sons:
Modzelewski Wadim Lwowicz 1882 - 1920, historian [my father was known about WADIM]; and
Wsiewolod Lwowicz 1879 - 1936, the Naval Corps in Sankt Petersburg and after in 1898 he served in the Russian fleet in Petersburg, 'Imperator Aleksandr II', 1904 - 1905 a war against Japan, captain 2nd class in 1912.
Konstantynowicz Iwan son of Piotr, born 1818 - died 1877, since 1834 served the Russian fleet, captain 1st class, 1875 Caucasus army;
5. Zofia - Sofija Konstantynowicz Piotrowna, 1823 - 1848,
6. Wladymir,
7. Aleksandr,
8. Aleksandr second:
Aleksander Konstantynowicz who came from an Ukrainian military and landowning family, lived in the government of Poltava (now in Ukraine), also in Kiev;
his daughter was
Olga I. Konstantynowicz who was born 1860 in Kiev - since 1880 in Paris and USA at the beginning of the 20th cent.;
9. Elizawieta,
10. Piotr older,
11. Piotr younger.

Szostak
i.e. Sastakas with Dabrowa coat of arms and Tartars with Swan arms (they lived in the Lida and Vilna districts, for example A.D. 1764, and also in the Svencionys district A.D. 1835, derived from Tartar Szostak according to S. Dziadulewicz and verified in Minsk and Vicebsk);

Stanislaw Szostak was from this family, person of the same age what my grandfather, he learnt at the "Nikolai - Ingenieurschule" (the air section was here during the First world war) in Petersburg by November 1917, defender of the Winter Palace on 07 November 1917, colonel of armoured weapon 1944 - 1947. According to Dariusz Szostak of 2011:
Stanislaw Szostak born 14 January 1898 in Bobrujsk / Bobruisk, baptized in church of Berezyna, died 11 February 1961, 1908 - 1915 school in Bobrujsk, 1915 / November 1917 in Petrograd, all summers in Miezonka, 1917 / 1918 1st Polish Corps in Bobruisk, on 15 November 1918 escaped from Miezonka together with Karol Zbieranowski and M. Andrzejak, to 03rd December 1918 in Ihumen / Cerven, 06 December 1918 Lapy near by Bialystok in Polish Army, together with Ludwik Andrzejak, Marian Andrzejak, Karol Zbieranowski; in Zambrow after served for Lithuanian-Belarussian Voluntary Division; jailed 29 October 1917 to 18 December 1917 in Petrograd. 1939 Grodno, major 1939, 1939 / 1940 Lithuania, 1940 / 1941 Soviet camps, 1941 / 1947 Polish Army of General Anders. Stanislaw Szostak in Summer 1946 in UK.

The Konstantinovich family since 1842 in Miezonka; houses on a hill before 1850. Copyright by http://iberezino.ru/

Szostak or Sastakas with the Dabrowa (i.e. "Oak forest" - a first Michal Szostak near by Kolno) and Swan coats of arms (in the Vilna province with Swan arms - baptized Tartars); Antoni Szostak in the Lida area in 1764: they verified the own coat of arms in Minsk, Vicebsk (from Hrehory Szostak in the Polack province - Zarzecenice estate here in 1700, and also Lutowo inheritance called Sachnowszczyzna, Vielidzicze or Wieliszkowicze and Bereszevo in the Vicebsk province; verified on 17.08.1835; the Hrodna and Vilna branches from them), Hrodna and Vilna (verified in 1835; they were from the Svencionys district i.e. "Behind Vilija"); the Szostak house in the Dzisna district was related to the Arcimowicz family with Plavski nickname from the Braslau district.

A few interesting facts about families coming from Miezonka.
Antoni Szostak / Anthony Szostak born ca 1830 in the Vicebsk government, since ca 1864 in Miezonka or maybe ca 1850 the Berezina parish, the Pogost / Pohost district, The Ihumen county. He bought ca 75 ha in Miezonka, because of the act of 1861 this area of nobility been subjected to enfranchisement, and not divided and allocated among peasants, he was nobleman.

His wife Anna / Ann Nieciejewska / Nieciejowska, born ca 1835 in Hrynice / Grenica, south-west of the Berezina, close to the river of Berezina.
She was sister of Eugeniusz / Eugene Nieciejowski senior, was married ca 1860/1864 in Miezonka and here she was living.
Anna Nieciejowska's / Nieciejewski brother:
Eugene b. 1826 in Hrynice, the Berezina / or Berezino / Berazino parish, he was killed by soldiers of the Red Army close to Berezina in 1922, aged 96. Nobleman with the Poraj coat of arms. This arms was confirmed in 1836 in the Minsk government. His wife died before 1914.

And others Nieciejewski:
1863/1864 - Anthony Nieciejewski son of Peter Nieciejewski,
Anthony son of Casimir Nieciejewski or Niecijewski;
Jan and Michal Nieciowski.

Shot by the NKVD in 1939 - 1941:
Francis, son of Francis Nieciejewski (born 1901) living in Grodno;
Jozef son of Francis, born in 1899, killed in Grodno;
Kazimierz son of John Nieciejewski, lived in Pinsk?, born in 1915;
Jozef son of Mikolaj Nieciejowski, b. 1902 killed in Grodno;
Aurelia voto Nieciejewska, was born in 1913.

Acc. to Dunin, 1836 nobility with coat of arms Poraj, 1836 confirmed in the Minsk government.
Piorunowy Most, Hrynica, Usochy in the Ihumen County, acc to Leszczyc of 1908/1913, Nieciecki only.

Children of above named Eugene Nieciejewski, brother of Anna Szostak:
Maria married to Wladyslaw Szostak,
Bronislaw Nieciejewski,
Stanislaw and
unknown son, born ca 1875/1880, in Hrynica maybe, his wife unknown name
has two children Sophia and Eugene Nieciejewski junior, lived in Warsaw, the Dabrowski street.
This wife b ca 1880, died in the 50' of the 20th cent. in Warsaw, were she was living since 1948. 1842 Konstantynowicz in Miezonka, the Ihumen district, Russia.

Above Bronislaw Nieciejewski, General of the Russian Army, b ca 1870 in Hrynica, co-operated with the Bolshevik groups before 1914, 'count', in 1917 in the Soviet Russia, August 1918 in the Red Army, a lecturer in military school in Moscow, killed in Moscow run over by a tram ca 1935, he known Stanislaw Szostak.

Above Stanislaw Nieciejewski b ca 1872.

Children of Anthony Szostak (the Szostak family from the Vicebsk government, nobility) and Anna Nieciejewska:
Faustina b. Miezonka, 1919 lived in Miezonka;
Beata born in Miezonka, ca 1930 the Urals mountains, lived in Ufa, died here,
she has children, husband Arthur Duszewski, Ural mountains exile, here died in Ufa;
Wincenty Szostak / Vincent Szostak born in Miezonka, wife Maria;
Maria nee Szostak, b in Miezonka, winter 1929/1930 exiled to Siberia, back from Siberia to..., husband Narcissus Soroko / Narcyz Soroka, born in Miezonka, 1929/1930 is exiled to Siberia, he was born ca 1865/1870;
Mamert Szostak, born Miezonka, single, died during the exile road in winter 1929/1930;
Pawel Szostak b. ca 1875, Miezonka, single, lived in Miezonka, after 1944 in Minsk, 1940 and 1944 letters to his family from Minsk, in July 1944 from Minsk escaped to a West but he died in unknown place, 1940/1941 near by Wladyslaw Szostak his brother;
Wladyslaw Szostak, born 1864 in Miezonka, lived in Bobruisk / Bobruisk, owner of the mill in Miezonka, 1940 - 1941 in Minsk Lithuanian,
with Pawel Szostak, 1942 - 1945 the Pruzany / Pruzenie area, Szamotuly 1945, after Wilkowo village west Poland, died in 1948 in Wilkowo close to Swiebodzin,
Mr. Dariusz Szostak discovered his tomb in the 90's of the 20th century.
The wife of above Wladyslaw Szostak:
Maria nee Nieciejewska;
above the Duszewski family was living in Ufa in Russia.

Alexander Szostak son of Vincent Szostak, b 1905 in Miezonka, 1921 Radom, Poland, Railway company, 1940/1944 Warsaw, in 70' of the 20th cent. often with visit in Koluszki Stare.

Three sons of Narcissus Soroko:
one was doctor in Siberia, after 1956 with his
next brother was still living in Siberia,
Soroko third son, b 1900 known many inf. on Miezonka, three times in Koluszki old in 50' of the 20th century, in 1958 among others, ca 1959 was living in Warsaw very short.

Stanislaw Szostak born 14 January 1898 in Miezonka or Bobruisk, son of Maria nee Nieciejewska, baptized in Berezina, 1908 - 1915 Bobruisk, 1915 Petrograd / Petrograd. Maria nee Szostak, b 1900 Bobruisk, lived in Hrynica, 1920 escaped to Czemioly, 1921 in Slonim, 1925 lived in Jeziornica, 1941 - escaped to Pruzany, 1942-1945 close to Pruzany in the Prussia at this time, 1945 Wilkowo close to Swiebodzin, single, 1960 Czeremchy close to Bialystok, 1970 with visit in Miezonka and at Minsk Belarus, teacher, in the 70' known next of kin Georgians, lived in Bialystok, died in 1984 in Bialystok.

Jan / John Szostak born 10 January 1905 in Svislach, lived in Bobruisk during the First World War, baptized in Svislach 30 January 1905, in 1918
with brother Stanislaw in Bobruisk, 1925 back to Poland, lived in Slonim, 1928 Lodz, 1996 spring I was talking with him, "Stanislaw Konstantynowicz was like close family" said to me, died November 1996 in Lodz, and his wife died in 1996.

Alexander Szostak b Miezonka 1906, July 1920 escaped to Poland, complited the University of Vilnius, friend of Stefan Jedrychowski, close to Raczkiewicz, 1939 POW in the Soviet Union, Warsaw, married to Maria, 1940/1944 in Koluszki old, June 1944 Sulejow,
with Zdzislaw Zbieranowski, 1943 letters to Jeziornica, 25 January 1945 with
John Szostak and
Zdzislaw Zbieranowski,
in 1945/1949 was working in Lodz, Warsaw after, died in 1968 in Warsaw. Among others Lodz now.

Witkowski
= Vitovsky of 1860; among other things: Antoni and Wincenty the sons of Mikolaj and Jan who was son of Franciszek, in period of the January Insurrection 1863 - 1864.

Malkiewicz
they had relatives in Paluse i.e. Pluszcze; information of 1958 according to Narcyz Soroko from Siberia; among others Lodz now.

Mrs Izabella Horodecki - Malkiewicz i.e. Izabela Horodecki was from them; daughter of Genowefa Werakso from Minsk and Wladyslaw Malkiewicz;
great grand-daughter of Wiktor Waraksa / Weraksa b. circa 1820 son of Jan.
She was famous for activity during the Second world war in Warsaw; was born in Moscow on 01 May 1908.

Zbieranowski
one from them, Mr. Aleksander Zbieranowski was convicted during "shahtynski" lawsuit of 1928 - he was radio engineer and the specialist - expert of a radio valves after completion of the Polytechnic of Berlin in 1914; the links to Apolon Konstantynowicz;

other - Wladyslaw Zbieranowski was courier of the Polish Military Organization at the district of Babrujsk A.D. 1918. The links to my grandfather Jerzy or Marian Konstantynowicz.

Aleksander born 1895, in Miezonka, son of Jan, wife Jozefa b. 1905 - daughter of Michal, lived in Kirylucha close to Rozyszcze in Volhynia before 1939, children: Danuta, Jan, Ryszard, Zygmunt.

Aleksander Zbieranowski born ca 1890 in Miezonka, son of Wiktoria nee Konstantynowicz - she died after 1940 in Omsk, and Antoni Zbieranowski b. 1869, d. 1914 in Miezonka;
Wiktoria Zbieranowska lived in Soviet Union after 1917, and 1929/1930 exiled to Siberia, Omsk; married to Antoni Zbieranowski ca 1890.

Above named Aleksander Zbieranowski born ca 1890 - completed the Moscow Technical University, an electricity division, after college in Bobruisk; next the Berlin Technical University before 1914, an radio faculty; he was working for Dutch Company Phillips. He taken Karol Zbieranowski to Moscow in 1914. He was in love to Letitia Bowler before 1917 in Moscow, she escaped from Moscow to Miezonka in November 1917 with Karol Zbieranowski. The links to Apolon Konstantynowicz and to Marian Konstantynowicz / Stankiewicz.

Letitia Bowler was wife of Juliusz Gezehle from Lodz after 1927. Aleksander Zbieranowski was with visit in Miezonka ca 1927/28.

Samples only:
Gezela (Gezela Augustyn b. 1889, Polish colonel, Lodz 1929) / Gesehle / Gesell / Geselle (Silvio Gesell b. 1862, was a German anarchist and founder of Freiwirtschaft. He gave his business in Argentina to his brother and returned to Germany in 1892, next Gesell moved to Les Hauts-Geneveys in the Swiss canton of Neuchatel, to 1907. In 1915, Gesell left Germany to return to Les Hauts-Geneveys, 10 km north of Neuchatel).

Children of Wiktoria Konstantynowicz and Antoni Zbieranowski:
Karol Zbieranowski,
Aleksander,
Aleksandra Przelaskowska b. ca 1900 in Miezonka, Siberia after 1929/30,
Anna Muzyka b. ca 1902 in Miezonka, she died after 1965 in Omsk,
Ryszard Zbieranowski b. 1897 in Miezonka, 1916 - 1917 the GUARD company in the Kremlin, Moscow, the first escaped to Miezonka and in November 1917 to Turkey, after Charbin in China, Vladyvostok, Japan after 1920/1921, cooperation with YMCA, Vancouver in Canada, Winnipeg in Manitoba 1921 - 1927, in 1927 moved home to Saskatchewan, the Buchanan farm, died ca 1980 in Saskatchewan.

And next child of Wiktoria:
Jozef Zbieranowski b. 1898 in Miezonka, 1915 the car unit in Moscow, with Marian Andrzejak, November 1917 escaped to Miezonka, February 1918 1st Polish Corps, 1920 aide at the General Zeligowski, 1922 Lodz, the Nawrot street No 44, Canada after 1930, 1938 - 1945 Koluszki Stare, December 1945 escaped again to Canada, 1958 in Bydgoszcz to Zofia Konstantynowicz my grandmother;
his wife from Lodz,
son in Winnipeg born after 1952 / 1956.

Karol Zbieranowski b. 1894, Miezonka, the Ihumen district; 1914 a car unit in Russian Army in Moscow, close to Aleksander Zbieranowski, November 1917 escaped to Miezonka together with Marian Andrzejak, February 1918 served for 1st Polish Corps with Jozef Zbieranowski, Marian Andrzejak, Marian Konstantynowicz vel Jerzy; in Bobruisk in a car unit of Staff; 15 November 1918 escaped from Miezonka together with Stanislaw Szostak and Marian Andrzejak; 06 December 1918 Lapy, together with Ludwik and Marian Andrzejak and Stanislaw Szostak; Zambrow after; 20 February 1919 at Bolshevik war; to 1921 in Lida, in car unit of the Kowno Regiment; 1921 Lodz, near by Ullman from Switzerland, 1928 near to Jan Szostak;
and to engineer Zygmunt Rau, who translate the Rowecki memoirs;
in 1934 in Koluszki Stare and Lodz, Piotrkowska No 40; 1927 in Lodz made appointment of Aleksander Zbieranowski from Soviet Union with English lady Letycja Bowler / Letitia Bowler - before 1917 in Moscow met;
he known Julian Bronowicki from Miezonka who settled in Lodz; 1939 Hungaria, 1946 back to Lodz.
Near by Marshal Marian Spychalski (Ludwik Andrzejak 'Black' friend of father of Marshal Spychalski from Lodz, and known Jozef Pilsudski ca 1900);
his wife Maria Adelajda Andrzejak b. 1903 in Lodz, died after 1968 in Koluszki Stare;
her father Ludwik Andrzejak 'Black',
her friend was wife of Marshal Spychalski, b. 1906;
in 1903 / 1904 Jozef Pilsudski very often in a home of Andrzejak;
her two brothers:
Marian Andzejak close to Jan Szostak and
Ludwik Andrzejak born ca 1895, owner of shop at Tuwim street No 15;
Karol Zbieranowski died November 1966 in Koluszki Stare, acc. to inf. 1995/2000 (28 January 2014).

After spending eight months in 29 Russian prisons, Miss Letitia Bowler (born ca 1890 ?) was changed for somebody and has come home to Ware, Herts - says The Daily Mail. She was sentenced to death by the Bolsheviks, taken into the woods at night to be shot, removed back to prison, and subsequently marched from gaol to gaol, walking in all 500 miles. In 11 years residence on the Continent, Miss Bowler had many other novel experiences (1910-1921). She dined with the ex-Kaiser at Wurtemburg in 1909 (she aged ca 19 ?), played blind man's buff with the Emperor Francis Joseph at Budapest in 1911, and was the only European among 3.000 women presented to Albdul Medjed after the great fast at Constantinople in 1912. She was acquainted with the Austrian Archduke Franz Fredinand, whose murder caused the war, and from the palace of the son of the Sultan Abdul Aziz at Constantinople she heard the first shot fired in the Dardanelles. She was captured by the Bolsheviks while a nurse with the Polish Army (1919 ? - 1921).
Tuesday, 8 March 1921. The Adelaide Register, 1901-1929. Acc. to 'trove.nla.gov.au' - 08 Mar 1921 - The Register.

Ware, Herts: Ware is a town in Hertfordshire, England close to the county town of Hertford. It is also a civil parish in East Hertfordshire district, ca 35 km north of London City.

Huszcza
or Guscis (= Gustis); with Puchala and Horseshoe coats of arms in the Polack province and in Mahileu A.D. 1671 and next in the provinces Vilna and Minsk; they verified the arms in Minsk in 1825; the Huszcza and Tumilowicz families that is the rural "badger nobility", the Polish strongly.

The Borsuki village (Badgers) is situated 15 km north - east from Miezonka, according to M. K. Pawlikowski who described history of Ipohorski - Irtenski family from the Berazino parish (proprietors of Backov estate 3 km E from the Berezina river);
sons of Jerzy:
Kazimierz, Hilary, Aleksander, Julian and Maciej Huszcza;
peers of this Jerzy: Jan Huszcza, Semen, Fiodor and Kondrat Huszcza in the period of the January Insurrection; they've been living in Siberia and Belarus.

On the Wernadski and Modzelewski families you can read at my domain 'konstantynowicz.info'.

Our ancestry with the name of Konstantynowicz derive from belorussian family (Senko Czyzewicz and his son Konstanty Czyz) Czyz; Polish as early as the 16th century and professing catholicism, owned arms of FOX proper since 1534 id est Marcin Konstantynowicz Czyz from Nieciecza
either Marcin Czyz Konstantynowicz from Nieczyca
or Marcin Czyz Nieczycki (or Nietecki) who was born c. 1495.

Konstantynowicz Czyz unknown of name (or Konstantinowicz who was born c. 1530 or Michno Konstantynowicz ?) was withdrawn in the last will and testament of his father of 1547 and destitute of a legacy which daughter Margaret inherited; she had got some brothers.

Oldest noble houses ca 1830 / 1850 in Miezonka were destroyed after 1937 and before 1951. We look at pics of the Google Earth in 2014, November.

Part of these Czyz from neighbourhood of LIDA (either Nieciecz or Nieczyca 9 km from Lida) c. 1550 have accepted the surname Konstantynowicz (from Christian name of father according to Leszczyc 1908/13) adopting the armorial bearings of FOX proper and moved out to the Trakai district and thence to the MINSK province c. 1570.

A famous Michno Konstantynowicz received the big estate, an arable ground and forested land from the king Sigismund Augustus on 04 January 1554 i.e. the farmland Merecz Michnowski
and the same Michno possessed a landed property Zaleskowszczyzna
49 km N-W-N of Lida in the Troki district, too (close by a south - easterly border of the former Trakai district) as early as 1552
and it seems he owned a farmland Merkine in addition id est Merecz Michnowo by initial course of Merkys river in the Turgeliai parish, 38 km S-E-S of Vilnius.

This fact noted down in armorials of the Grand duchy of Lithuania:
1578 Konstantinowicz who was born c. 1530;
1584 Michal Konstantynowic;
1648 Konstantinowicz or Konstantynowicz.

The family Konstantynowicz used the call POCHOWICZ (or the Pohozy, Pohosha, Pohowicz, Rohoz, Rokoz and Pokoz nicknames, information of 1937) at first in the Minsk province, Belorussia since A.D. 1600.

Mikolay Pohosha Konstantynowicz has got a privilege in the Minsk province handed over to him by the king Vladislav IV Vasa on 07 March 1643.

Just after 1661 they partly moved house to the East Belorussia in the MSCISLAU province near to:
KRYCAU = Kritschew or Kritchev,
MSCISLAU = Mstislavl (next of kins the Golynskij or Holynski family; kin to family Hurko;
neighbourhood: families Hryniewicz or Gryniewicz = Grinevicius, Hrynkiewicz or Grinkevicius in Iwanowszczyzna, Halko (Galkus), Goluchowski or Goluchovskis in the Mscislau province of 1669, Myszkowski or Miskauskas arms Jastrzebiec, Petryzycki or Pietrazycki, Oleszkowski, Olesza, Skorupa, Dudka, Oziemblowski, Woroniec, Kisiel, Romanowski, Pleskaczewski, Ostrowski, Mezynski, Gorski or Horski of 1654/1663 and Madalinski)
and in the region northwards of MSCISLAU (the villages Samava = Chamovo at the map of 1834, Kopceuka, Niesterevo – the Berezetnia estate), where Swedes looted them estates during campaign of Charles XII in summer A.D. 1708.

The family Konstantynowicz from eastern Belorussia (near to Krycau – Antoni 2nd Konstantynowicz was born c. 1833, Mscislau, Samava) is my ancestors.

1772 this territory was already in Russia, as the Government of Mahileu after the 1st Partition of POLAND, I am afraid.
They partly have moved out to the easternmost parts of the MINSK government to the Berezino parish after c. 1840 [1842] id est in the villages BOROVINA and MIEZONKA (the village is situated 28 kilometres south - east of Berazino = Beresino either Byerazino or Berezina).

St Petersburg and The Duflon and Konstantynowicz Company 1892 - 1918.

Genealogy and history of the Kanstancinovic / Konstantinovich / Konstantynowicz family in the XVIII and XIX centuries in Russia. Constantinovich family with relatives:
Troubetzkoy, Sedykh from Kazan, and Kalinowski from Cracow, Armand in Moscow and Petersburg, Gernet from Estonia, Dunkel / Tunkel, Rehbinder / Rebinder, Benkedorf, Urban, Steinberg, from Estonia, Dubbelt / Dubelt from Riga, Bakst, Demonet or De Monet, Dizeren, Azbelev, Bagration-Gruzinski and Mukhrani from Sakartvelo-Georgia.


Duflon and Konstantynowicz Electromechanical Company in Russia, France and Switzerland in 1892-1918. Dyuflon / Duflon / Dufflon, and Konstantynowicz and Co. - Company of the Electromechanical Factories of Constructions abbreviated as DEKA 1892 - 1918.

Domink Konstantynowicz in 1842 the Mezhonka owner, close to Berezyna and Lubuszany / Luboszany - the estate of Sapieha and Potocki / Krystyna Tyszkiewicz Potocka - the line to the Templars of Krzeszowice, General Franciszek Paszkowski and Poniatowski. History and genealogy of the noble Konstantynowicz family. History Of Secret Societies: Knights Templar and Illuminati. Copyright by Bogdan Konstantynowicz on 17 APRIL 2023: My genealogical branch of the Konstantynowicz family lived in the MSCISLAV province of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania on the border with Russia, ca 1660 - ca 1850. Dominik Konstantynowicz in 1842 - November 1918 in Miezonka close to Berazino / Berezyna and Lobushany / Lubuszany / Luboszany - the estate of Sapieha and Potocki / Krystyna Tyszkiewicz Potocka - the line to the Templars of Krzeszowice, General Franciszek Paszkowski, Wojciech Paszkowski and the Poniatowski family. Dyuflon / Duflon and Konstantynowicz Company in 1892 in St Petersburg, and in Zaporozhye in 1907 / 1916 - 1918, Kazan aft. ca 1840, Moscow aft. 1880, Tallinn at the beginning of the 20th century. My grandfather Jerzy Konstantynowicz vel Marian Konstantynowicz or Stankiewicz / Siedlecki in 1918 in Vilno; aft. 1922 in Lida until 18 Sepetmber 1939; 1939 - May 1945 in Wilno; then in Bydgoszcz. Swolna of the Konstantynowiczs together with the lines to Chrapowicki, Zarako-Zarakowski and Wankowicz with Swietorzecki, Piottuch-Kublicki, Szumski, Soltan, Stanislaw Radziwill, Stefania Julia Radziwill of Miezonka, Oskierka and Prozor, Stebnicki, Andrzejak of Stare Koluszki, Zbieranowski of Miezonka, Plaszczewski of Wilno, Puszkin of the Tallinn district and Venezuela.


The eldest information about a Konstantynowicz nickname, but not about the Fox coat of arms (crest), go back to 07 October 1515 (according to Jan Ciechanowicz) and to the Hrodna area:
Jakub (= Jakov) Konstantynowicz sued to a court his neighbour Tolloczko. His relative surely Olechno Konstantynowicz held a post in the Hrodna municipal tribunal in 1539. He sued his neighbour Dowtortowicz in 1542. The Konstantynowiczs - both of above mentioned - were the landowners of their Duke. Then the nest of them was in villages Toloczki, Ejsmonty and Jurewicze in the Hrodna region (probably since c. 1500) and they were knighted in 1578 with the Pielesz diverse coat of arms.

We are lacking information that they had the Fox coat of arms proper already and I don't know if the Konstantynowicz nickname was the surname in anyone case in the beginning of the 16th cent.! Or it maybe the Konstantynowicz name was only an "otchestvo" (by-name) id est a form deriving from Konstanty or Konstantyn names with oriental ending "wicz" (= vich). However it's not unlikely that Jakub was a father of Olechno and Michno Konstantynowicz but there is no probability on proved of the thesis. Michno and Olechno that's very popular form of Belorussian names with ending "-no" and "-ko" in the 15th and 16th cent.; I give others examples: Senko Miloszewicz from Ostryna 1528, Iwanko and Misko Miloszewicz in Podlasie, Mitko from Vicebsk = Vitsyebsk (or Witebsk) province in 1528, Michno Lyszczynski in 1528, Michno Polanski 1515, Mleczko from Vilkmerge 1467, Piotr Olechnowicz (surname from Christian name of father) 1501, Senko Mikolajewicz 1514, Szymko Mikolajewicz from Upita, Jacko son of Mikula Wasilkowicz A.D. 1525, Mitko (= Mikolaj) Mickiewicz with Fox arms et ceteri and also little villages exempli gratia Olechnowszczyzna in the Minsk province; besides I found out about Dmitrei son of Konstantin in the 15th century, Polut Konstiantinowic' mid 15th century, Kostiantinowic' Semen mid 15th century, Chebotko Konstiantinow in 1540 and Fedor Konstentinow son of Spits 1552, a clerk in Wisztyniec - Michal Konstantynowicz Sumorok A.D. 1571, Iwan Konstantynowicz from Kulbaczyna in 1572 (but with Mackowicz surname nicknamed Kulbaka or Mackiewicz), Jaroslaw Konstantynowicz (but with Lukomski surname 1595).

I was faced with the difficult task of collecting information and differing interpretations about origin of our ancestry. One has to be careful with final claims and theses for some years and in passing judgement on first person with the Konstantynowicz surname. A person with a Konstantynowicz nickname in the first half of the 16th cent. didn't has to be the person with the Konstantynowicz surname. I called it purposely to the attention of you. The Konstantynowicz ancestry with the Fox coat of arms proper lived only in the Trakai district (i.e. district of Troki since c. 1550), the Samaites territory (since c. 1550) and in the Minsk province (since c. 1570) by c. 1600 (next in the Slonim area after c. 1600; also in Vilna / Wilno since c. 1640) as good as proves it all armorials.

One of string evidences say us for example that the record of common noble movement A.D. 1528 doesn't point to persons with the Konstantynowicz surname in any districts of Lithuania (Grand Principality of Lithuania) according to all historical sources.

A legend was about the beginning of the Konstantynowicz family. Many said that our family (ancestry) has come from the BALKANS according to "Gutenberg Encyclopaedia" (volume 8); many said that the ancestry had got to descent from Serbian ancestor (janczar), who was Turkish soldier 1455 - 1463, who was afterwards in Poland (that is since 1470 or 1471); he has written memoirs here (1490-1516 or rather 1496 - 1501) about title "(...) the Turkish chronicle (...)". A copy was in the Sapieha Archive. More inf. on the same Turkish soldier - Michal Konstantynowicz in F. Bujak, "Studia geograf.-hist.", p. 129 - 134. The main editions of "(...) the Turkish chronicle (...)" in 1828 and 1912 misleaded many of our ancestors. The Kibalczyc family i.e. Kibalcicas have got a legend that tell us about an ancestor from Serbia - the family moved out to the Chernigov province in the Grand duchy of Lithuania in the 17th century - the legend it's mistake, too.

Descendants of the Konstantynowicz family who derived from present Bukovina (Bukovina joined Austrian Empire in 1775 but it seems to be probable they moved house here from the Austria - Hungarys Volhynia after the 1st Partition of Poland, precisely in the eighties of the 18th century) at the border Ukraine on Roumania; it was the Greek church family in the 19th century perhaps and they (regarded as - in part, by authorities - Ukrainians) were displaced partially to the Mazury / East Prussia after 1945. Most of them live today in south - easterly Poland. You see also about village Zydowskie = Shydovskie where Michajlo Konstantynowicz lived and who was born 1790; his father was priest and mother - Maria Wapnicki - derived from Desznica i.e Deshnica; and about Emilian Konstantynowicz b. 1864, d. 1943, priest in 1887. They had own GRECUL (i.e. GREKUL armorial bearings but own GREK arms was Lithuanian origin, according to Mieroszowski) coat of arms in time of the Austria - Hungarys Galicia at the beginning of the 19th cent. (Bazyli and Michal Konstantynowicz 1803). I take note of them in ODESSA, Tschernowzy (= Chernovits) in 1939 - 1940 and in Kiev after the second World War and besides e.g.
"Officials in 1876" note in Bukovina: "(...) Konopasek Emanuel, Konstantinowicz von Grekul Gedeon, Landes-Hauptmann Stellvertreter (...)" and "Franz Josef- Staatsgymnasium in Sereth": "(...) Kasriel Josef, Klocek Stanislaus Josef, Kohn Julius, Konstantinowicz, Ewald Ludwig Franz (...)".
Florin Konstantinowicz / Constantinovici from Roumania (Romania) was in Israel (the Tsafririm Holon team in 2001 - 2002).

In all probability our ancestry with the Konstantynowicz surname derived from belorussian Czyz family i.e. Senko Czyzewicz and his son Konstanty Czyz, I think. The Lithuanian - Byelorussian nobility was polonised as early as the 16th century (generally speaking, the ethnically non Polish noble families of Belarus adopted the Polish language and culture but only Byelorussian was official language of the Grand duchy of Lithuania in the 14th - 17th centuries till 1697) and converted from the Orthodoxy to Roman Catholicism.
The Czyz family used the coat of arms of FOX proper since 1534 id est Marcin Konstantynowicz Czyz from Nieciecza either Marcin Czyz Konstantynowicz from Nieczyca or Marcin Czyz Nieczycki (or Nietecki because different opinions have been passed upon him; more inf. on the Fox coat of arms in Lithuania and Belarus, see: the Fox crest) who was born probably c. 1495.

The royal courtier Marcin Konstantynowicz Czyz from Nieciecza according to:
Niesiecki 1839, Czarniecki 1875, Boniecki 1901, Leszczyc 1908/13, page 210; historical magazine of 1914; historical magazine of April 1938 (number 4/17, page 49) and of Dymmel of 1995.

Konstantynowicz Czyz unknown of name (either Konstantinowicz who was born c. 1530 or the probability is that Michno Konstantynowicz / Miknos Konstantinoviciaus) was missed out in the last will and testament of his father in 1547 and devoid of a legacy which daughter Margaret inherited; she had got some brothers. Another lawsuits were also at that time: lady Katarzyna Czyz - Boguszewski vs. her sons i.e. the sons of Stanislaw Wojciechowicz Czyzewicz or Czyz in 1546 and at the same time Jan Czyzewicz son of Jurij and his wife Hanna nee Narbut vs. Aleksander Czyzewicz son of Wojciech in 1547.

Part of the Czyz family from neighbourhood of Lida (either Nietiacz, Nieciecz, Nieciecza, Nieczyca or Nietiaz near to Dubrovny and farther Lipniszki, 9 km from Lida) c. 1550 have accepted the Konstantynowicz surname (from Christian name of father according to Leszczyc of 1908/13;
Konstiantin or Kostiantin = Konstantin that is "steadfast, constant") adopting the armorial bearings of FOX proper and moved out to the Samaites territory and also to the Trakai district, and after from here to the Minsk province circa 1570.

I don't know surely where did Michno = Michal / Miknos Konstantinoviciaus come from. I don't know doubtless if exactly Michno was stripped of the assets by his sister in 1547. But then Miknos Konstantinoviciaus / Konstantinovicius - nobleman from Zaleskovscizna / Zaleskowszczyzna - was founder of Roman Catholic church in Krikstonys in 1562.

Settlement Krikstonys in Lithuania now, in subdistrict Norageliai, county Alytus / Olita, now the parish of Christ the King in Krikstonys 67252, phone 31847893; Post Office in Krikstonys, LT - 67014, Lazdijai / Lozdzee / Lozdzieje District Municipality. Krikstonys is 18,5 km SW of Alytus - near by Zilviciai, Gudonys, Dubravai and Lizdai; 2,5 km West of Nemunas and 5 km SE of Norageliai.

In reality just famous Michno Konstantynowicz / Miknos Konstantinoviciaus / Michal Konstantinovicius received a big estate, an arable ground and forested land from the king Sigismund Augustus on 04 January 1554 i.e. the Merkine farmland or Merecz Michnowski which is situated in the Merkine area, Merkine parish (= Merecz, Meretium or Merken area in the Troki district in the ex-province of Troki; a chief officer for life of the Merkine area was Jan Janowicz Zabrzezinski / Zaberezenski since 1536; the Junowicz family lived close by Merkine - see also: the Pileszyszki estate), beside the Niemen river (Neman or Nemunas), next to estuary of Merkys = Mereczanka river and the same Michno possessed a landed property Zaleskowszczyzna / Zaleskovscizna, 49 km N-W-N of Lida in the Troki or Trakai district, too (close by a south - easterly border of the former Trakai district) as early as 1552
and it seems he owned Merkine (2nd) farmland in addition id est Merecz Michnowo upstream of Merkys river in the Turgeliai parish, 38 km S-E-S of Vilnius.

Zaleskowszczyzna, Merecz Michnowski, Ulkiszki, settlement Krikstonys and Merecz Michnowo are situated at the territory of independent, since 1918 (1940 - 1991 occupied), Republic of Lithuania. We set out to the authority in Vilna on 19 May 1842 original of the privilege edited by the king to MICHNO Konstantynowicz who was endowed with estate in the Merecz area on 04 January 1554 and many of documents of 18th cent.

Ca 1550 at Raseiniai region i.e. Rosienie / Rossienie in the Samaites territory: the Poszeszow estate in the middle of the 16th century.

In 1598 Petrus Konstantynowicz in France and Perugia (a province of Umbrien in Italy) according to "Lista degli scolari (...)".

In 1600 the Konstantynowicz family used POCHOWICZ by-name (or Pohozy, Pohosha, Pohowicz, Rokoz, Rohoza and Pokoz nicknames, information of 1937) at first in the Minsk province since A.D. 1600.
It was a certain Rohoza family in the Orsa district and Verchnjadzvinsk (i.e. Dryssa) region A.D. 1602/1643 but it's not our line.

Ca 25 August 1601, a certain judicial document from the district of Trakai (i.e. Troki) tell us about noblemen, Jan Sobolewski of Busilolisdy by Kraksznia river near by Urkiszki and Stanislaw Kiszka, who litigated against a neighbour from Lachowicze due to the same taken away a little ground in 1600; the landowner called Pavel i.e. Pawel Konstantynowicz, Matys Gozdziewski and Stefan Stankiewicz in evidence at the end of August 1601; we read in the document about neighbours: Koklin family and Jan Sowgowicz, and also about a functionary from Trakai, Jan Stanislawowicz from Bogdanowicze village; the document signed in Urkiszki, and above village Urkiszki i.e. Ulkiszki was situated only 1 km NW of Rudziszki (i.e. Rudiskes, Lithuania now).

On 07 March 1643 Mikolay Pohosha Konstantynowicz was rewarded a privilege in the Minsk province handed over to him by the king Vladislav IV Vasa. Bonifacy 1st Konstantynowicz derived from above mentioned Mikolay.

These facts noted down in armorials of the Grand duchy of Lithuania:
1578 Konstantinowicz who was born c. 1530;
1584 Michal Konstantynowic / Miknos Konstantinoviciaus / Konstantinovicius;
in 1648 Konstantinowicz or Konstantynowicz.

Just after 1661 the Konstantynowiczs partially moved house to the EAST BELARUS in the MSCISLAU / Mstsislaw province near to:
KRYCAU / Kritschew by Sosh / Kritchev / Krychaw
where we had eight hundred peasants c. 1700;
neighbourhood:
the Brujewicz family (in Krycau A.D. 1745), Czyz (Bazyli Czyz was an officer in Krycau in 1522), Danilowicz (Russians burned down Krycau in 1655 and all assets of Pawel Danilowicz, too), Holynski family (proprietors of towns Krychaw = Kritchev and Klimavici but after 1772), Jerzy Malachowski, Nowodworski, Petrazycki, dukes Polubinski or Polubenski (here as early as 1540), Siemaszko (Jan Siemaszko + wife Tomila Saprynowski at the castle of Kritchev / Krychaw in 1695), Siemienowicz (a priest Wasyl Siemienowicz in 1664), a certain Szalus (clerk in Krycau in 1568 - he fought against Russians in the Smolensk province), Mikolaj Shukovski (Nikolay Zhukovski i.e. Zukowski), Usakowski (in Zarubec since 1878), Weselowski (i.e. Wesolowski or Wiesiolowski in Kritschew as early as 1634 and next in 1663), Jan Zadanowicz (or Zdanowicz, Zdanavicius in Kritchev = Krychaw A.D. 1662, he came from the Orsa / Orscha district), Wacur (in Kritschew and nearby Zimonino or Zimonin) and others families,
MSCISLAU (= Mstsislaw, Mstislavl, Mstislawl)
and in the region northwards of MSCISLAU i.e. the villages Samava (either Szamowo by the Lejedna river or Chamovo at the map of 1834, Czamow at the map "Carte Des Frontieres de Pologne et de Russie (...)" by Rizzi Zannoni of 1772, only 3 km from present border of Russia), Kopceuka, Niesterevo or Niesterow - the Berezetnia estate, where Swedes looted their assets on 29 - 30 August (the battle near to Dobroje by White Natopa river 16 km SW of Mscislau) A.D. 1708.

Those near and dear in the Mscislau / Mstsislaw territory, the Polish and others known and renowned families:

Brujewicz
of Boncza arms (or Boncz - Brujewicz, in Bohdanovka - i.e. Bogdanowka in Russia now - in the Mscislau ex-district since 1870 and here also Poplatyno since 1870; Petrulin in the region of Cerykau; Muryn - Bor or Bor near to Holynski's Michiejeviczi, 12 km NW of Klimavicy since 1870; and Sieliszcze 18 km E-S-E of Cavusy or Czausy - since 1876);
counties Puszkin / Pushkin
according to Szaposznikow, vol. 1, in Mscislau = Mstsislaw 1774; owned Kolodzicz / Oltuchow in the province A.D. 1560, next Sielec or Sjalec farm south of Mstsislaw (according to "Philip's Concise World Atlas", 2003) i.e. Mscislau, Novae Sjalo i.e. Nowosiolki SW of Mscislau in 1774 and Monachi from Suchodolski family;
relations:
Sokolowski, Konstantynowicz and Reutt family. The greatest Russian poet, founder of classical Russian poetry, Alexander Pushkin, born June 6, 1799, in Moscow, into the old noble family.
Dederko
of Dederkalo arms (the crest verified on 10 March 1798, they lived in the Mscislau province and possessed:
Stare Siolo - 8 km NW of Mscislau,
Nowe Siolo i.e. Novae Sjalo - 13 km SW of Mscislau,
Hryckowo, Pisarzewszczyzna
and Turowka - 14 km SW of Novae Sjalo / Nowoje Sselo / Nowe Siolo / Nowosiolki);
Holynski
relations:
Chelchowski at the beginning of the 17th cent., Suryn before 1663, Kolski from Chlyszczewo by 1670; Ostankiewicz, Hurko, Konstantynowicz, Wojna, Karpilowicz, Anna nee Sutocki + Norbert Holynski from Janovek, Moskiewicz, Piszczal from Brakowiec, Kurzeniecki, counties Aleksandrowicz and Starosielski from Holedz at the beginning of the 18th cent.; Bojwid, Chodzkiewicz, Kaszyc, Mister(ow), Kirkor, Zyrkiewicz, Zukowski and Stachowski in the 18th cent.; Kotly, Issakowicz, Nagorski (i.e. Nagurski; pilot Jan I. Nagurskij did "the world first flight in Nesterov's flying boat on September 17th, 1916 twice with a passenger"; the international record was registered by the Airclub counsel on November 16th, 1916), Swatkowski (Swiatkowski) + Tekla nee Holynski at the end of the 18th cent.; Czudowski, Ciechanowiecki and Wieczor at the beginning of the 19th cent.;
dukes Horski,
places: Miksztyn or Miksztyno, Dudino, Liszki and Cerkowiszcze, and next here Ciechanowiecki, Hurko, Taran, Suchodolski families;
Hurko
in Jurkowszczyzna - 1330 ha. - near to Soino, Russia now; the Hurko house related to Dabrowski family of the Abdank coat of arms, branch from the Siauliai and Kaunas territories;
relations: the Konstantynowiczs, Jaroszewicz [Ludwik lived here in 1764];
Korsak -
Jozef Korsak, officer in the Mscislau province in 1611 - lived in Hlybokae, too; the others after 1667; possessed Holubicze in the Polack = Polatsk province and an estate in the Merkine parish - the Trakai district; in the Vicebsk / Vitsyebsk government related to the Lissowski house;
Korzeniewski
or Korzeniowski with the Fox coat of arms or Kosciesza arms according to Piekosinski, derived from the Brest province; the house distinguished in the Vitsyebsk / Vicebsk province, the Polack / Polatsk province and Livonia since the beginning of the 18th cent.;
the Korzeniewski house possessed village Usa (Usza or Staraja Usha) near by Kaluzyn, and also they possessed in the Minsk government in the end of the 19th cent.: Piorunov(y) Most together with Nieciejewski family, Krasny Brzeg and Hajdukowa Sloboda (Galdukova Sslobodka); Korzeniewski Jerzy + Konstancja nee Jablonski from the Mscislau province were owners of the Jurkowszczyzna farm in 1766 (Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth / Grand Principality of Lithuania i.e. a federal monarchy-republic formed by the Kingdom of Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania then, and Russia now.
They verified themselves in Hrodna in 1835; related to Ulanowski family;
Kurko
in Jurkowszczyzna village, close by estates of the families Hurko, dukes Polubinski and Rajewski in the 19th cent.;
Petryzycki
or Pietrazycki, Petrazycki, Petrazickis in the Orsa and Mahileu areas A.D. 1592, Mscislau 1648,
farms in Suchanowo 1654, Koscielnik and
Szamowszczyzna = Samauscyna 7 km NW of Mscislau;
near to Krycau 1695, village Petrazyce or Pietryki by 1813;
Polonicki
related to the Konstantynowicz family; they derived from Eustafi Polonicki who stayed in Kaniow in 1663.

LEW / Leo Polubinski in the first half of the 16th cent.; Wasil in Mstislawl A.D. 1535, Iwan was officer in Mscislau 1569, Konstantyn Polubinski in Mscislau 1627 - 1629, Karol was clerk in Mscislau in 1700; they possessed village Leszczynsk A.D. 1510, Slowuczany and next village Jurkowszczyzna since 1858 - 7 km NE of Soino i.e. Sojna at the map of 1859; the family was kinsman to the Fedorowicz house and Wolowicz i.e. Wollowicz - middle 16th century.

MSCISLAW and MIEZONKA - Kruszyna close to JEDLNO - DUBROVNA close to ORSHA:

Eugeniusz Adolf Lubomirski the owner of Kruszyna since 1862, d. 1911 [compare Kruszyna and Jedlno; also on Dubrowna by the DNIEPR river close to ORSHA]: come from Ksawery Lubomirski / Franciszek Ksawery Lubomirski 1747-1819, and Teofila Rzewuski.

Maria Anna Dorota Lubomirska RONIKIER, 1832-1905 + Roman RONIKIER 1832-1918 [compare de LACY, Buturlin, Wollowicz]:
her father - Konstanty Stanislaw Ksawery Lubomirski b. 1786 in Petersburg;
grandfather -
Franciszek Ksawery Lubomirski 1747 - 1819 [see above Kruszyna and Dubrowna];
great-grandfather
Stanislaw Lubomirski b. 1704 in Braclaw, d. 1793 in Warszawa;
great-great-grandfather:
Jerzy Aleksander Lubomirski 1666 in Nowy Sacz, d. 1735, son of Aleksander Michal Lubomirski d. 1675, grandson of Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski.

Teresa RONIKIER, 1845-1900 [the sister of above named ROMAN RONIKIER] m. Michal Wollowicz 1812-1882:
he was the grandson of Count Antoni Wollowicz, 1750-1822 + Teofila Matuszewicz.

Antoni Wollowicz, Count in 1798 of Prussia, 1750-1822 was the son of
Jozef Wollowicz b. ca 1720 and Magdalena Ludwika Marianna Michniewicz [see on SWIACK];
above Jozef Wollowicz b. ca 1720, d. 1779, was the son of Jerzy Wollowicz [b. ca 1690, died 1724, who was son of Krzysztof Wollowicz / Krzysztof Kazimierz Wollowicz b. ca 1670 / 1675] and Barbara Adamkowicz.

WOLLOWICZ and SULIMIERSKI [LUBIEC close to Wola Pszczolecka] the members of the ZALIWSKI guerilla in 1733:
Anna Wollowicz Oskierka had brother Michal Wollowicz, 1805 - 1833 (the Zaliwski conspiracy in 1833). Anna nee Wollowicz, Oskierka / Oskierko was granddaughter of Michal Wincenty Wollowicz b. ca 1740.

Michal Wincenty Wollowicz (with wife Petronela / Petronella Swiecicka) was son of Kazimierz Wollowicz senior - the Slonim Marshal, b. ca 1720 ?, died November 1790 in Slonim, with wife Ludwika.

Kazimierz Wollowicz senior - the Slonim Marshal, come from Samuel Wolowicz b. ca 1590 and Elzbieta.

Krzysztof Wollowicz was the husband of Jadwiga Wierzbowska and Cecylia Buchowiecka; father of Aleksander Wladymir Wollowicz / Aleksandras Vladimiras Valavicius.

Some details on the Ronikier family, the Lubomirskis, and O'Brien de Lacy:

Kazimierz Jozef Anastazy Ronikier was born in 1787 d. 1863, to Michal Aleksander Ronikier b. 1728 and Jozefa Miaczynski b. 1758. Kazimierz had brother Stanislaw August Jozef Ronikier.
Kazimierz RONIKIER married Ludwika Zbijewski b. 1780 ? (1790 !).
They had 9 children:
Adam Aleksander Ronikier, Roman Ronikier Count, Cezary Ronikier, Bronislaw Michal Ronikier.
Brother of above Kazimierz:
Stanislaw August Jozef Ronikier born 1785, in 1810 married Tekla Brudzicka b. 1790. They had one son Michal Ronikier.

Details on children of Ludwika RONIKIER nee Zbijewski b. 1790:
1. Cezary Michal 1809-1843 + Katarzyna Lewanidow b. 1820;
2. Bronislaw Michal Ronikier 1811-1853 + Kamila Ronikier of Nowosiolki;
3.
Adam Aleksander 1818-1873 + 1st to Zofia Barbara Starzenska + 2nd to Wanda Chrzanowska (Adam Aleksander Atanazy Jaxa-Ronikier);
4. Jozefa b. 1820 m. Aleksander Opperman,
5.
Ludwika Ronikier b. 1820 m. Piotr O'Brien de Lacy b. 1830
with children (this inf. about birth need to be check!):
a. Julia O'Brien de Lacy, 1850-1955,
b.
Patryk O'Brien de Lacy, b. 1860 (1863 !) m. 1st to Maria Tanska b. 1860
with
Katarzyna O'Brien de Lacy, 1889-1983,
and Piotr O'Brien de Lacy b. 1890.

PATRYK O'Brien de LACY m. 2nd to Ludmila Buturlin b. 1890;

6.
Edward Romuald 1824-1877 + Olga Olimpia Orlowska 1834-1919,
7. Gustaw Cezary Kazimierz b. 1830 m. Stefania Marianna Wawrzyna Skarbek-Kruszewska b. 1831,
8.
Roman RONIKIER 1832-1918 m. Maria Anna Dorota Lubomirska 1832-1905,
9.
Teresa Ronikier, 1845-1900 m. Michal Wollowicz, 1812-1882,
with
Jadwiga Kazimiera Teresa Wollowicz m. Jozef Mieczyslaw Miaczynski, 1842-1909,
and Wanda Wollowicz, 1850-1864.

Below the genealogy of Ludwika Ronikier b. 1880 m. Tadeusz Ostrowski b. 1860:
great-grandparents:
Michal Aleksander Ronikier 1728-1802,
Jan Nepomucen Zbijewski b. 1770,
Franciszek Ksawery Lubomirski 1747-1819
{Ksawery Lubomirski (Franciszek Ksawery Lubomirski 1747-1819) and Teofila Rzewuski (Teofila Beydo-Rzewuska 1762-1831)},
Mikolaj Tolstoj / Nikolaj Tolstoy 1765-1816,
Jozefa Miaczynska 1758-1822,
Teresa Dorota Karska b. 1760,
Teofila Beydo- Rzewuska 1762-1831,
Anna Boratynska 1769-1825;

grandparents:
Kazimierz Jozef Anastazy Ronikier Count 1787-1863,
Ludwika Zbijewska b. 1810,
Konstanty Stanislaw Xawery Lubomirski 1786-1870,
Katarzyna Tolstoj / Katerina Tolstoy 1789-1870;

parents:
Roman Ronikier, 1832-1918,
and Maria Anna Dorota Lubomirska, 1832-1905.

Louise Ronikier: Ludwika Ronikier, the daughter of Kazimierz Jozef Ronikier 1787 - 1863, and Ludwika Zbijewska b. after 1787 (ca 1790).

Note on above Konstanty Stanislaw Xawery Lubomirski, 1786-1870:

On October 7, 1918, on initiative of Prince Lubomirski, Polish declaration of independence was announced and 14th October 1918, Polish Army soldiers pledged allegiance to the Polish flag. Lubomirski supported Pilsudski's nomination (on 10th Nov. 1918 - 14th Nov.) for the post of the head of state. Remember that Jan Tadeusz Lubomirski b. 1826 in Dubrowna / Dubrovno, the Moghilov government; d. 1908, son of Eugeniusz Lubomirski, studied in St Petersburg. Then in France and England. 1863 the Foreign Affairs of Polish Government. Above named Dubrowno in the Sienno (north-east of Miezonka) catholic area; the Orsha county, Moghilev government; at present in the Vicebsk oblast; 90 km to Vicebsk, 19 km north-east of Orsza / Orsha. Dubrovno to 1774 to Sapieha; then Count R. A. Potiemkin / G. A. Potemkin to 1791 (a watch factory!), close to Ksawery Lubomirski estate (and his daughter Klementyna girlfriend of Piotr Kroer); since 1791 Lubomirski taken Dubrovno - now this place is "capital" of the government; next to Eugeniusz Lubomirski - 1809 new Orthodox church; Dubrovno was the Lubomirski family estate to 1917!

Eugeniusz Lubomirski b. 1789, d. 1834, landowner of Dubrovno close to Orsha from his father; EUGENIUSZ was the son of Ksawery Lubomirski (Franciszek Ksawery Lubomirski 1747-1819) and Teofila Rzewuski (Teofila Beydo-Rzewuska 1762-1831), and brother of the Russian General Konstanty Lubomirski 1786-1870.

Above Konstanty Stanislaw Ksawery Lubomirski b. 1786 Petersburg, d. 1870 in Warsaw, was also the son of Franciszek Ksawery Lubomirski and Teofila Broel-Plater Rzewuska.

Konstanty Lubomirski (1786-1870), was the Russian General, married Katarzyna Nikolajewna Tolstoj. He was the owner of MEZHEVO / Miezawa / Miezava in the ORSHA / Orsza district; in the Witebsk county; 15 km north to Orsza - se also TRUBECKI !
MIEZAWA in 1772 to Russia, the Vicebsk governorate.
MEZHEVO / Miezawa was the Chrapowickis land; in 1760 belonged to Antoni Marcin Chrapowicki, official in Smolensk.

Antoni Chrapowicki, Colonel of Orsza, b. ca 1700 - d. in 1760, that is Antoni Marcin Chrapowicki who was the son of STEFAN Chrapowicki b. ca 1660.
Antoni Marcin Chrapowicki died in May 1760 in WILNO, was also official in Smolensk in 1731-1760, and 1730-1731. Inf. on him in 1733.
The grandson of unknown Chrapowicki.

The MEZHEVO / Miezawa estate was bought by Lubomirski:
Anna Maria Lubomirska (1838-1917), in 1859, bring MEZHEVO / Miezawa dowry to Franciszek Lubienski (1834-1891).

The WOLLOWICZ clan:

Teresa RONIKIER, 1845-1900 [the sister of above named ROMAN RONIKIER] m. Michal Wollowicz 1812-1882:
he was the grandson of Count Antoni Wollowicz, 1750-1822 + Teofila Matuszewicz.

Antoni Wollowicz, Count in 1798 of Prussia, 1750-1822 was son of Jozef Wollowicz b. ca 1720 and Magdalena Ludwika Marianna Michniewicz [see on SWIACK];
husband of Jozefata Piasecka and Teofila Matuszewicz;
father of Joachim Jozef Wollowicz and Eustachy Wollowicz;
brother of Michal Wollowicz; Balbina Jelenska; Benedykt Wollowicz; Kazimiera, and Katarzyna.

Above Jozef Wollowicz b. ca 1720, d. 1779, was the son of Jerzy Wollowicz [b. ca 1690, died 1724, who was son of Krzysztof Wollowicz / Krzysztof Kazimierz Wollowicz b. ca 1670 / 1675] and Barbara Adamkowicz.

Compare on SWIACK:
the owner of SWIACK was mentioned Jozef Wollowicz b. ca 1720, married Magdalena Ludwika Marianna Michniewicz.

Now about Wollowicz in the Grodno district:
Swiack - in the Hrodna / Grodno district, ex-Augustow county; close to Wollowiczowce; in the 18th - 19th centuries in the Troki province - belonged to the Wollowiczs; a palace built the Grodno marshal - Jozef Wollowicz (d. 1779)
{Jozef Wollowicz b. ca 1720 and married Magdalena Ludwika Marianna Michniewicz.
Above Jozef Wollowicz b. ca 1720, d. 1779, was the son of
Jerzy Wollowicz [b. ca 1690, died 1724,
who was son of Krzysztof Wollowicz]
and Barbara Adamkowicz}.

The palace finished his son Antoni Wollowicz, the official in Merecz, senator in the Congress Poland; Antoni Wollowicz d. 1822, and the estate took his oldest son
Joachim Jozef Wollowicz (1783-1842) married Css Maria Starzenska.
Then all SWIACK belonged to Michal Wollowicz (1812-1882), m. Teresa Ronikier.
Michal's daughter Jadwiga Maria Wollowicz married Count Jozef Miaczynski - they were owners of SWIACK.

Above JOZEF WOLLOWICZ:
Jozef Wollowicz b. ca 1720, d. 1779; m. Magdalena Ludwika Marianna Michniewicz.
Son of Jerzy Wollowicz and Barbara Adamkowicz - see above.
Husband of Magdalena Ludwika Marianna Michniewicz.
Father of Antoni Wollowicz; Michal Wollowicz; Balbina Jelenska; Benedykt Wollowicz; Kazimiera Wollowicz.
Half brother of Joanna Alexandra Wollowicz.

The next of our neighbors in the MSCISLAV province:

Rajewski
or Rajewskij, Rajauskas with Nalecz and Radwan arms in Belarus as early as 1509, here in 1528 and after 1595, 1623, owned Kislowicze and Fenowszczyzna in 1663, Perany in 1664, Stajow from the Ipacewicz family and Jurkowszczyzna since 1858 - together with Polubinski;
their neighbours: Komorowski from Mazyki, Ipacewicz, Strzyzewski, Zloczewski c. 1664;

Sutocki
i.e. Sutockas of the Dolega coat of arms with Malkowicz nickname, numerous estates in the Mscislau district in the 19th cent., next in the Trakai district, related to: Kijacki, Holynski, Krzywicki, Kozuchowski, Kondratowicz, Ostankiewicz, Zubr, Platowski - vide the work of Jan Ciechanowicz ed. in Rzeszow 2001, vol. 5;

counties Wollowicz
or Volovitch since 1590 in this territory, next of kin with the Szemiot family in 1700,
owned A.D. 1778:
Staje, Berezetnia, Horowatka, Ray - i.e. Bolschoj Raj in present Russia and near by border between Belarus and Russia, Miteykow i.e. Miljejkova close by current border, Kozuchowicze - i.e. Koshuchowitschi in Russia now, Polachowszczyzna, Jurginow and Pietrowicze i.e. Petrovici estate - 810 ha. and 10 km E of Soino - in Zahustyn area, the Klimavicy district A.D. 1784, Russia now;
related to Kamienski - inf. of 1623; others in Mscislau in 1634, too.

They came of Stanislaw Wissygina of 1413 with Bogorya arms according to Niesiecki of 1842, vol. 9, p. 414 - 421: and his son Jerzy Wyssyginowicz who accepted Wolowicz surname in 1454, and also his grandson Jerzy Wolowicz who fought in the battle near by Viedrussa in 1499, this last Jerzy had 3 sons (Niesiecki missed out a generation, I think): Bogdan, Grzegorz and third unknown; two sons came of this third unknown: Ostafiej - inf. of 1568
and Marcyan + wife nee Pac: they had 3 sons
i.e. Dominik + wife nee Savicki,
Jan Kazimierz + Katarzyna nee Narushevich - inf. of 1676
and Wincenty who died in 1698;
above Dominik had 3 sons:
Marcyan 2nd + Antonina nee Zahorovski in the Mscislau area in 1704,
Krzysztof and
Wincenty from the Mscislau province;
Wincenty had daughter who had gotten married to Pac,
and also six sons:
Marcyan 3rd, Dominik 2nd, Aleksander, Krzysztof, Jerzy and Stanislaw who died in 1737 and had gotten married to Eleonora Racs;
this last Stanislaw had two sons living in the Mscislau province in the middle of the 18th century.

The Russian army in the east Lithuania since 1657 till 1661 in Mstislawl; army of Saxony in Lithuania at first in 1708/1709, and next 1713 - 1717; the Russian army stationed in the east Lithuania: 1733-1736, 1743-1748, 1757-1763, 1764, 1767 - 1772.

Ancestors of ours
- Piotr Konstantynowicz who was born c. 1610 in the Minsk province; he lived in the Mscislau province A.D. 1669.

- Augustin / Augustyn Rokoz Konstantynowicz / Augustyn Pohoza Konstantynowicz (Augustyn was a clerk of the Lithuanian military confederation since 1661 by 1667 and after a special envoy of Michal Pac to Moscow to ask tsar Aleksei / Aleksey to put up his son Feodor / Fiodor III as a candidate to Polish election; the municipal and territorial writer in the Mscislau province, born c. 1635, had died 1713 or before 1713).
Mscislaw nobles, wishing to have their own school, appealed to the Parliament in 1690, on the Jesuit residence in Mscislaw, on the border of the Smolensk province and RUSSIA. County officials have provided with fund a missionary house with chapel St Michael and Joseph; also a grammar school.

In 1711 - the Mscislaw city writer Augustyn Konstantynovich, gave to the chapel a wonderful portrait of the Blessed Virgin from the Orthodox church. Assisted Kucewicz, Larska, Celnerowa, Wojnina, Illinich, Lendorf, Potemkin. 1707 - the chapel; the Swedes burned a large wooden church in 1708; rebuilt in 1711 by Dziechelewicz and built new wooden residential house.

Augustyn Konstantynowicz, the Mscislaw writer, from whom Krzysztof Franciszek Ciechanowiecki (once called Krzysztof Mikolaj Ciechanowiecki), son of Michal Wincenty Ciechanowiecki, bought the land estate of Bielyj Mech / Bialy Mech.

Above Ciechanowiecki, Michal Wincenty, inf. 1685, mentioned in 1653, signed the election of Michael Korybut Wisniowiecki to the king in 1669, was the 5th son of Krzysztofa Stanislaw or Krzysztof Stanislawowicz Ciechanowiecki and Drucka-Horska; received in 1673 the Choslaw estate by his mother Antonella Drucka-Horska.

Above Krzysztof Franciszek CIECHANOWIECKI / Krzysztof Mikolaj Ciechanowiecki, was the brother of Mikolaj / Boguslaw Mikolaj Ciechanowiecki, son of mentioned Michal Wincenty Ciechanowiecki.

Named above Ciechanowiecki, Mikolaj / Ciechanowiecki, Boguslaw Mikolaj, was the son of Marianna Kotowska / Marcjanna Ciechanowiecka and Michal Wincenty Ciechanowiecki.

ROZA was the daughter of named Krzysztof Franciszek Ciechanowiecki.

Marcin / Marcjan Adam, was the son of named Krzysztof Franciszek;
Antoni Tadeusz, son of named Krzysztof Franciszek;
Jozef, son of Krzysztof Franciszek;
Mikolaj / Michal Ciechanowiecki, son of Krzysztof Franciszek;
Stanislaw, son of mentioned above Krzysztof Franciszek Ciechanowiecki.

Krzysztof Franciszek Ciechanowiecki bought the village of Bialy Mech; he was the writer of Mstislav; Samuel Ciechanowiecki wrote a letter in 1705 on above Krzysztof. The first wife of Krzysztof Franciszek Ciechanowiecki was unknown Konstantynowicz with the FOX / Lis coat of arms.

In the years 1681-1685 the main supporter of Russia in Lithuania was KRAJEWSKI. His trusted supporter was Augustyn Pohozy Konstantinovich - our branch of the family. Krajewski received letters from Augustyn Konstantinovich. Augustyn Konstantynovich was a long-term trustee, servant and advisor to Marcjan Oginski, Governor of TROKI. This information was given in 1686 by Jerzy Kazimierz Nienoronowicz-Szpilowski. Augustyn Constantinovich also had relations with the Ukrainian Cossacks.

In 1671 he was in Minsk the official to bridges [the Land Office of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania dealing with the maintenance and maintenance of bridges in the area entrusted to them].
In 1674, after the death of Wisniowiecki, in Lithuania, Michal PAC and MARCJAN Oginski wanted to be King Fyodor Alekseejewicz, so they were sent to MOSCOW Augustyn Konstantynovich. Augustyn talked with Prince Yuriy Alekseejewicz DOLGORUKI and Artam Sergeyevich Matveev.

Yuri Alekseyevich Dolgorukov b. 1602, d. on May 15, 1682 in Moscow, Russian prince, the Novgorod governor and Moscow, participant of the Polish-Russian war, commander of the army in the Polish-Russian war 1654-1667.

In 1674 - Augustyn Konstantynovitch is appointed the writer of MSCISLAW; 1685 - writer of the Land of Mscislaw; 1703 - last information about Augustyn Konstantynovich [1711 !].

In September 1682, S. Bentkowski arrives in Kadzina / KADINO [15 km east to Mohylew by the Dniepr river] and this information is given by Augustyn Konstantynovich.

Above Marcjan Alexander Oginski born 1632; he was the Orthodox; in 1670 the governor of TROKI and turns to Catholicism. Marcjan Oginski in 1674 fights with Turkey. His family was also the governors: POLOCK and MSCISLAW. Marcjan Aleksander Oginski (born 1632 - January 26, 1690) was a great Lithuanian chancellor from 15 May 1684, the voivode of Troki since 1670.
Son of the castellan of Troki, Alexander OGINSKI (died 1667).
MARCJAN was a member of the Confederacy of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in 1672. He was a Senate deputy to the King's War Council in 1673.

His father Aleksander Oginski (born 1585 - died 1667), castellan (from 1649), Voivodeship of Minsk (1645), son of Bogdan (d. 1625) and Regina Wollowicz.
Above Aleksander Oginski, Prince, b. ca 1585 / 1590 in Trakai, d. 1667, son of Bogdan Oginski and Regina / Raina.
Husband of Elzbieta Pac and Kotryna.

Marcin Marian Aleksander Oginski / MARCJAN ALEKSANDER OGINSKI, 1632 - 1690, was the son of Aleksander Oginski, Prince and Kotryna.
Husband of Marcybela Anna Oginska and Konstancja Krystyna Oginski.
Brother of Jan Oginski; Jerzy Wincenty Oginski; Izabela; Helena; Aleksandra Konstancja Zawisza-Kiezgajlo.
Half brother of Bogdan Oginskis and Jan Oginski.

Note on count Seweryn Ksawery Kalinowski b. 1759:

his father Ignacy Kalinowski ca 1720 died 1782 and his mother Justyna nee Borzecka ca 1735 (1710 it's error) - Justyna was daughter of Franciszek Borzecki (ca 1693 - 1739) and Ludwika Marianna Pociej (ca 1715), and JUSTYNA married ca 1765 to Ignacy Kalinowski, she died after 1780?

The father of above Ludwika Marianna Pociej - Ludwik Konstanty Pociej.

Leonard Gabriel Pociej b. 1632, died in 1695; Leonard Pociej was closest friend of Marcjan Aleksander Oginski [Marcjan Alexander Oginski born 1632], son of wife's brother [Marcin or MARCJAN b. 1632 was the son of Aleksander Oginski, Prince and Kotryna].
He married to Regina Oginska, primo voto Walter Korff of Troki
[Regina Korff, Pociej, born Oginska, in 1624, to Samuel Leon Lew Oginski and Zofia Billewicz born in 1597.
Regina had brother Szymon Karol / Symeon Oginski.
Regina married Leonard Gabriel Pociej born on November 6, 1632.
They had 2 sons.
Regina married 1st Walter Korff. Regina died in 1728];
with children: above Ludwik Konstanty Pociej, and Kazimierz Aleksander Pociej].

Above Regina Pociej nee Oginska, b. circa 1624, died ca 1700, was daughter of Samuel Leon Oginski and Zofia Billewicz.
She was sister of Jan Oginski; Szymon Karol / Symeon Oginski [see below !], and Helena Tyszkiewicz,
inf. by Viktorija Janina Ruskuliene.

The our ancestors:
- Adam Konstantynowicz of 1697;
- Krzysztof Konstantynowicz in 1697;
- Adam Franciszek Konstantynowicz A.D. 1707.

- Franciszek Rohoza Konstantynowicz near of kin with Holynski family from Soino (either Big Soino or Voronove Slobody near by a farm of Mielkovka = Mietkowka), and his siblings and Hurko family also (from Krotowsza otherwise called Krynki or Krotovshe that belonged to Romejko - Hurko family in the Orsa district) were in trouble for this reason with Holynski (Kazimierz son of Stefan Kazimierz Holynski from Chlyszczewo i.e. Chwostowo close by border between Belarus and Russia, from Soino and Uszpol) family after 1714.

The above Soino is situated 18 km east away from Mscislau, at territory of Russia now i.e. 7 km from present border; it was the Grand duchy of Lithuania 1359 - 1772 and next in Russia: the Mstislavl district, Soino region = "volost" that is similar to county, in a parish of Mscislau (archbishopric of Mahileu, in the Mscislau - Klimavicy catholic area were three parishes: Lozovica, Mscislau and Smolensk in the 19th cent.); one our leg lived in the territory of present Belarus, but the second one stood at the present land of Russia in borders after 1992. A fortunes of Poles in this remote easterly territories of the former Both Nations Republic turned out differently than by Vistula, because not a few Poles had got to choose military service in the Russian Army since the end of the 18th cent. or they worked as engineers in different corners of former Russia since second half of the 19th century.

Next ancestor
- Antoni Konstantynowicz b. ca 1735, signed the Second Manifesto of Lithuanian Nobility in 1763;
- Dominik Konstantynowicz was born in the Mahileu (either Mogiliow or Mogiljow by Dnepr, Mogilev = Mahilyow by Dnieper, Moghilev) Government in Russia near by Krycau / Krychaw c. 1805. He was gotten married with Oktawia Piottuch - Kublicki from Kublicze (= Kublicy) in accordance with Boniecki;
she was great-granddaughter of
Stanislaw Duke Radziwill at Nieswiez / Nyasvizh (b.1722) + Karolina nee Pociej (b. 1732);
and daughter of
Jozef Piottuch - Kublicki of the Ostoja coat of arms (Oktawia born c. 1810, and Kublicy = Kublicze is situated in Uszacz region = Ushachi, Usacy - that is west of Uszacz, the Witebsk / Vitsyebsk / Vicebsk province, in district of Lepel / Lyepyel).

Mentioned Konstantynowicz that was Dominik born c. 1800/1805, exceptionally well-off man, the second husband of Oktawia Piottuch - Kublicki because Jozef Szumski was the first one. It was plenty of conversations among families of Zarakowski and Konstantynowicz even in the middle of the twentieth century about wealth of Dominik Konstantynowicz who took MEZHONKA after Dss Stefania Julia Radziwill Oskierko Chrapowicka.

These spouses were related with:
dukes Radziwill (one of richest person of Poland and Lithuania in eighteenth century, Stanislaw duke Radziwill was an immediate descendant of Aleksander Ludwik duke Radziwill - born 1594 - with "Trumpets" coat of arms and his wife Tekla nA„‚A?€LlA?A?‚¬L?A„‚A?€L?A‚A‚¨e Wollowicz; also the descendant of Mikolaj Krzysztof duke Radziwill called the "Black" born 1515 in Nieswiez - most influential man in Grand Principality of Lithuania in 16th cent. and an uncle of Barbara Radziwill),
dukes Oginski,
Szumski,
Piottuch (- Kublicki),
Smokowski,
Soltan,
Pociej
and Benislawski.

Note about the Piottuch - Kublicki family:

Ferdynand Piottuch - Kublicki, who was an activist of 1863 in the East Belarus, was friend of Artemiusz Viaryha - Dareuski from the Vicebsk region and also Walerjan Weryho / Valerian Veryho (he was owner of the Stajki estate - South of Vicebsk, close to the Dymanowo station, where Russian police on 22nd April 1863 attempted to arrest him).
Above Ferdynand Piottuch - Kublicki was neighbour of Wasilewski and relation of Staniewicz; he and duke Artemiusz Viaryha - Dareuski / Weryho stayed in Vicebsk in 1862 and in Stajki 1863. Artemiusz Viaryha - Dareuski was familiar to:
Moniuszko, Odyniec, Syrokomla and with Aleksander Chodecki in Mohylew (Mahileu or Mogiliow) in 1859.

Note about the Benislawski family:

The Benislawskis from Polack / Polatsk / Polock, Vicebsk / Vitsyebsk / Witebsk, Lucyn / Ludza and Rzeczyce / Rzeczyca / Rezekne districts (here also in the thirties of the 20th cent.). The bishop of Mogilev (Mohylew, Mahileu or Mogiliow), Jan Benislawski who was in Rome 1783, consecrated new R.C. church in Aglona, in SE Latgale, 25 km SE of Preili and 40 km NE of Daugavpils, in 1800.

The Kastyr estate i.e. Kastire was situated in this parish: 42,5 km NE of Daugavpils (Dunaburg, Dyneburg), and belonged to the noble Dunaburg marshal Jozef Brzezinski [compare Malkiewicz and Brzezinski in the 40' of the 19th century] and next Zaba family.

This branch of the Konstantynowiczs come from Dominik Konstantynowicz with the Fox coat of arms.
All descendants with the Fox proper coat of arms (and probably with the Bowel(s), Three Crosses and Radwan armorial bearings, too) and with our Konstantynowicz surname in the 17th cent. came from Michno Konstantynowicz:
in the region of Brest
in 1664 Jedrzej i.e. Andrew Konstantynowicz was the mayor of Brest
and Roman Konstantynowicz was a priest of the Greek Church in Jelna A.D. 1667 - as far as I know Jelnia i.e. Jelna was situated about 12 km away from Scucyn.
And in Mscislau and in the SLONIM district:

Hermogen Konstantynowicz wrote down in tribunal documents together with his neighbour Mizgier (Mizgier family lived also in Perepeczyn and Kolyszki in the Lida region A.D. 1608) in 1603, and also Michal Konstantynowicz - he signed the Olkienicka Alliance in 1698 and had Radwan coat of arms with Plavski by-name; the Arcimowicz family had also the Plavski nickname in a Braslau area, inf. of 1698 and 1763.

The others of the Konstantynowicz family lived in the central MINSK province continuously in
the Babianowszczyzna village i.e. Buchta,
Little Loszyca (Loszyce) in the Koroliszczewice parish - region of Siennica (the estate of Siennica was pawned and at a later date also sold by Stefan Dostojewski to duke Piotr Gorski son of Hryhory at the end of 16th cent.),
Koroleszczenicze (i.e. Koroliszczewice or Karoliszczewicze at the map of 1859) and others;
Mikolay Pohosha Konstantynowicz as early as 1643 and
Jan Konstantynowicz in 1698;
following Jan Konstantynowicz was born in the Minsk province at the beginning of the 18th cent. and possessed here the village Buchta = Baguta at present.

In PINSK a certain Konstantynowicz called Rokoz i.e. Pokoz in 1674.

In the province of VILNA:

Jozef Konstantynowicz Master of Arts, published "Decisio controversiae juris canonici (...)" in 1647
and Stefan Konstantynowicz who was a member of the municipal board of Vilna in 1665 and information about him in 1669 and February the 06th, 1672 - in accordance with "The Records of the Lithuanian High Court" vol. XI, p. 319 about Iwan Pott;
also Symon = Szymon Konstantynowicz was a deputy to the Warsaw general confederation in 1668;
lady Maryna Konstantynowicz lived in the Vilna district in 1673;
Franciszek Konstantynowicz lived in the Vilna town in 1686 and he witnessed a riot.

In PORAZAVA and Vaukavysk district:
the Konstantynowicz family with our coat of arms lived also at the Vaukavysk district in the 17th cent. in accordance with "The Town Court Records"; Porazava i.e. Porozov landed property = Porosow near Vaukavysk in 1669.

In the Paszkowszczyzna - Kuranec region:
Jan Konstantynowicz in the Asmjany ex-district 1690, 7 km north - east of Vilejka in the 17th century.

In the Hrodna district:
Adam Konstantynowicz landowner near to Grodno with his neighbour Eysymont in 1646 and
Bazyli Konstantynowicz who was a royal general in the Hrodna district 1664 - 1688.
A certain Teodor Drozdowicz of Jastrzebiec arms was the royal general in this district also in 1682.

The Ejsmont family (= counties Eysymont or Eysimont) owned a Cydzik farmland and they were a neighbourhood of Konstantynowicz house. The Eysmont house was related to Bylinski or Bilinskis family of Lodzia arms from Kleptowszczyzna and Koraziewo village in 1623.
The Jurowski family or Jurauskas of Friend arms in an estate of Jurewicze also was a neighbourhood of them,
and Tolloczko house who had relationship with Dworzecki - Bohdanowicz or Dvozeckas - Bagdanavicius. Kalenkiewicz family of Kotwicz arms from the Jurewicze estate was related to the Konstantynowicz noble house.
Andrzej Konstantynowicz, Marek Konstantynowicz and Konstantin / Konstanty Konstantynowicz stayed at the Zydomlija region in space of 1630 / 1690.

Tolloczko i.e. Toloczko or Talackas with the Pobog diverse coat of arms according to Gajl, p. 234 and the Godziemba arms derived from Podlasie area, and for the first time information of 1391, verified in 1800, possessed Nieprakszty in the Trakai district and Dobury in the Vilkmerge district; Toloczko noble family with Pobog arms in the Hrodna district, and for the first time information of 1619, 1632, 1648, 1672, 1674 and 1764; the Pobog diverse arms: shield - an arrow diagonally going out of horseshoe, with three feathers and crown above the shield.

Kalenkiewicz lived in villages: Tereszki - Zygmuntowszczyzna, Zukiewicze, Niescierowskie, Filipowskie, Jurewicze, Kotra - Kalenkiewicze, Huszczyce and Piotrowszczyzna, too.

In the Trakai (Troki) district:
Krzysztof Konstantynowicz was a clerk of the district in 1669.

The Konstantynowicz ancestry lived in the 18th cent. in
1.
in the Minsk province:
Koroleszczenicze (= the parish of Koreliszczewicze / Koroleszczenicze) near to Minsk and the holding Little Loszyca next to Koroleszczenicze; we were in the Buchta estate (i.e. Bahuta at the map of 1859, Baguta or Babianowszczyzna in the parish of Luzki that is Lushki west of Smolewicze or Smaljavicy / Smolevichi), here Jan Konstantynowicz and his sons: Maciej, Pawel, Samuel, Bazyli, Antoni, Franciszek and Marcin in the first half of the 18th century.

According to the Dressel / Dreszel Genealogy:
in 1774 Jan Konstantynowicz was residing in Stashynki / Starzynki / Stashynek, and he witnessed to an attempt on Jerzy Dreszel = Dressel; he was giving the names of the people involved in it:
Alexander and Konstancya HORAIN WOYSKI / Harain Wojski (they have told that the duce Woronecki tries to include Stashynek / Starzynek in the County of Koydanov / Kojdanow, SW of Minsk, and that he means to take over the estate by force from Horain Woyski).
Jan Konstantynowicz was one of the willing to help for Dressel. His neighbours: Tadeusz Rutski / Rucki, Antoni Borowski, Jan Oskirka Zienkiewicz, Jan Daszkiewicz and Mikolaj Downar.
2.
near to Braslau
(or Braslaw) SE of Dyneburg; they were close to the family of Beynar - Bejnarowicz, with Novina - Zlotogolenczyk coat of arms;
3.
next Mscislau;
4.
near by Brzesc or Brest = Brest - Litovsk;
5.
at Volhynia
in 1729 with the "palatinus Kijoviensis" title to Bazyli Konstantynowicz but Volhynia is outside of the Grand duchy of Lithuania; "(...) two Konstantynowicz families have been (...) verified in (...) Podolyia (05. 12. 1841) and in Volhynia (04. 12. 1844)" according to Andrzej Bajor - this quotation without the Author's written permission;
6.
in the Grodno (= Hrodna) province,
an information was about
Jozef Konstantynowicz on 19 April 1764 and the same Jozef in 1765; besides in 1765:
Antoni, Jan, Dominik, Benedykt and Leon Konstantynowicz served their country;
the Konstantynowicz families, owners of Tolloczki village in part, survived in the Hrodna area in the 18th cent. according to S. Koscialovski and they lived in parishes of Pojeziersk and Lawkowo = Lavkovo ("Antoni Tyzenhaus", volume 1, p. 646);
7.
in the Vilna (Wilno) area,
Jan Konstantynowicz and
Michal Konstantynowicz in 1779 (they lived in the Hrodna district, too).
1788 - Szymon Konstantynowicz deputy "a communitate" of Wilno city to the 4-years Polish Parliament. It hasn't signatures of persons with the Konstantynowicz surname from the Grand duchy of Lithuania (without the Polish Ukraine: Podolia and Volhynia) in a documents of the Sluck Protestant Confederation of 1767;
8.
near to Perejaslav
somebody (owned Fox coat of arms according to an armorial of 1914; territory of Russia in the 18th cent., 78 km SE of Kiev) among Cossacks in 1756.

And somebody pro tempore in Greater Poland afterwards in the 18th century, too.

In 1772
this territory (Mscislau, Samava, near to Krycau) was already in Russia, as the Government of Mahileu (or Mogilev by Dnieper, Mogiljow by Dnepr) after the 1st Partition of Poland, I am afraid. Seventy years later on they partly have moved out to the easternmost parts of the Minsk government, to the Berezina parish circa 1842 id est in the villages BOROVINA and MIEZONKA (the village is situated 28 kilometres south - east of Berazino = Beresino, Berezyna, Berezina, Byerazino or Berezino).

The above Mezhonka:
here lived Antoni Konstantynowicz - was born c. 1833 - and
his son Stanislaw; the same Stanislaw Konstantynowicz from Miezonka (i.e. Miezonki) and Anna nee Malkiewicz are foster parents of my grandfather;
my foster great grandmother Anna nee Malkiewicz (Malkevicius) came from the Dryssa ujezd (= the Werchnedwinsk district; the place Asveja / Oswieja) in the Government of Vicebsk / Vitsyebsk; her ancestry was near related to the families:
Czyzewski (from the Dzisna district),
von Krey / The House of Croy / Count von Croy in 1697 entered the Russian service (i.e. the Baltic German noble Krej family from Tallinn and Livonia - from Polish Livonia),
Ostrowski (derived from Piotr Ostrowski de Kaki of 1697; Kaki farm situated 16,5 km NW of Ludza / Ludsen in Polish Livonia),
Juszkiewicz (or Jushkievich)
and Filipowicz (Pilipavicius or Pilipaitis with Pobog and Prawdzic coats of arms verified the armorial bearings in Vilna 1821: Jozef, Mateusz, Michal, Antoni, Szymon, Izydor, Benedykt and Joachim; the family related to Kisiel or Kiselius of the Kisiel coat of arms i.e. "the Camp Tent" in the Wilno / Vilna province and to Chodasiewicz family in the Dzisna district); family of my grandfather had next of kin Georgians.

Those near and dear in the Berazino parish in the middle of the 19th cent.:
Piotrovicz from Luboszany, Karp, Zywica (Shywica), Korbut from Hrynica (Grenica), Tatur (near of kin Zbieranovski),
Dzierzynski i.e. Dzerzhinskii (Dzerzhinskii - according to "Imperial and Soviet Russia (...)", Melbourne 1986 by David Christian; named Dziershynski in the Ihumen district related to Tumilovich = Tumilowicz family; the Dzierzynski or Derzinskis house of Sulima arms was verified in Minsk 1819; a poorer members were administrators in the Wankowicz house; others were related to Bulhak family and held Pietrylowicze farm in the Asmjany district in 1838, also Podgaj farm in Barysau district at the end of the 19th cent.;
Edmund Dzierzynski = Dzerzhinskii of Sulima arms who was father of Feliks, verified hereditary nobleness in Vilna on 14 June 1862),
Nieciejevski (their coat of arms verified in the Minsk goverment in 1836),
Milkiewicz (alone acquaintances and that's only accidental similarity with surname of Malkiewicz),
Stankiewicz (or Stankivich, among other things Antoni, Walerian and Jan - the sons of Stepan).

The counties Czapski family from Stankov and Przyluki leased Miezonka (only nearby villages Cereszyn i.e. Tereschin and Jagaszkin = Jagodka were at the map of 1859) from Stefania Radziwill - Wittgenstein (b. 1809 - died 1832) in the first half of the 19th century to c. 1840 - information of 1995 from Mr Piotr Zbieranowski.

We were also in the ethnic Lithuania and we possessed in part a landed property Pileszyszki
in the Kaunas district / the Kovno region in the 18th cent. (1766 bequeathed by lady Junowicz), here lived
Maciej Konstantynowicz; the same Maciej had brothers:
Pavel / Pawel, Samuel, Bazyli, Antoni, Franciszek and
Marcin Konstantynowicz.
The brothers inherited from their parents
(father Jan Konstantynowicz was born at the beginning of the 18th cent.)
the Babianowszczyzna = Buchta estate in the Minsk province (government then) A.D. 1798; that family verified the nobleness in Vilna A.D. 1842;

we lived in a district of RASEINIAI
Raseiniai region i.e. Rosienie / Rossienie in the Samaites territory: the Poszeszow estate in the middle of the 16th century.
Also in the parish of Sartyniki (or Sartininkai) in the place Komcie where stayed
Jan and his son Waclaw Konstantynowicz with Bowel (or Bowels) coat of arms, called Svarplovich i.e. nickname Szwarplowicz c. 1650 and others A.D. 1799.
In Vilna (i.e. in Wilno A.D. 1841) authorized the arms of them. To this lineage were related the Konstantynowiczs with the Fox proper arms from Pileszyszki in the Kaunas (here in 1766) district; they derived from famous
Michno Konstantynowicz.
Only one of the Kaunas branch was verified in Vilna A.D. 1910 and information about four lines of this branch were lacking.

Marijampole i.e. Mariampole in the Augustov government in the forties of the 19th century; two of them were the members of the Democratic Polish Society in Kaunas.
Piotr Konstantynowicz also in the Trakai area;
a certain Konstantynowicz signed a manifesto of the Polish nobility on 26 July 1812 - according to Czeslaw Malewski - because of Napoleon conquered Kaunas on 24/25 June and Vilna on 28 June;

the locality Chwiedziejowszczyzna
or Chwedziejowszczyzna in the Trakai district, the ex-parish Vysoki Dvor i.e. Aukstadvaris and at a later date other parish (Uzuguostis probably) in the 19th cent.;
near to Vladipolis, Alesiskes, Beizionys, Mergiskes and Mackantiskes - 7 km east of Aukstadvaris;
neighbouring families:
Mackiewicz (they owned - in the Kaunas district or more truly in the Trakai district - a Klidzie farm by 1817 - from Tolloczko noble family and also frroom Jan Szteyn who came from the Butrimonys parish, and Mackiewicz family possessed also Zailgi i.e. Stecki in the Trakai district c. 1690 and
here families at a later date:
Krzywicki, Romansewicz, Poplawski A.D. 1757), Klidzianka and Jeleniewski;

in Butrimonys
a certain Lucius Konstantynowicz was a teacher at high school in Butrimonys (more probable that is Butrimonys 18 km SW of Aukstadvaris in the independent Lithuania since 1918 and unlikely Butrymance i.e. Butrimonys 14 km NE of Eisiskes in the Butrimonys parish near by Jargance, Jundeiliszki, Kuze, Strzelce) in the thirties and forties of the 20th cent.

We possessed the Ustron estate in the Kaunas district (= region of Kovno) in the 19th cent. and at the beginning of the 20th century.

The Konstantynowicz family moved house also in the 19th century period:

- to St Petersburg / Sankt Peterburg in the middle of the 19th century (Michal or Michail son of Fiodor 2nd Konstantynowicz); a good many the Konstantynowiczs acted and lived in St Petersburg in past days, among other things state activists and also a senior military commandant;

- to Minsk in the eighties of the 19th century (old Bonifacy 2nd Konstantynowicz with his sons: Semen, Jakov and Vincenty);
- a documentation of the noble Konstantynowicz family with the Fox coat of arms proper was being shown in Minsk on 15 December 1802 and A.D. 1853 in the Minsk government;

- the Konstantynowicz family with the Fox coat of arms in the noble locality Nosewicze or Nosowicze near to LIDA in the 19th century; the village Nosewicze is situated 6 kilometres S-E-S from Radun or Radunsk, in the parish of Radun, the Vilna government, former district of LIDA;
near to villages Kieniensze, Rackuny, Mozajki, Paszkowicze and Koszary;
those neighbours:
families Hryhorowicz or Hrehorowicz, Laskowski, Laskowicz or Leskowicz, Nossewicz or Nosewicz, Rouba, Stecewicz, Stecki, Wincza, Zapasnik and Zemojtel or Zomojtel.

- we were near to HRODNA in the thirties of the 19th century (area of Skidal / Skidel, the places Jurevicze
(the Konstantynowicz noble family lived here till 1952, the village Jurewicze = Jurevitshi is situated 1,2 km NW of Zuki = Shuki and 6 km E of Obuchowicze), Zytomlja = Jitomlia at the map of 1834 and Zydomlija now, Tolloczki / Toloczki: Jozef Konstantynowicz born c. 1842 and Adam born c. 1840/45;
Ejsmonty: (i.e. Ejsymonty 4 km SW of Orechwicze = Orechowicze and 3 km NW of Toloczki;
neighbourhood: families Lobaczewski, Lukaszewic of Fox arms, Obuchowicz and Eysymont i.e. the family Ejsmont, Eysmont, Ejsmunt, Eisimuntas, Eisimontas, Eysmat or Eysimont - for the first time information in 1539 and 1585 - area of Skidel, and in the Hrodna area 1632: a Ejsymonty Paszewicze farm; they were persecuted here in 1863; related to Czaykowski (Dorota nee Eysmont) house from the Trakai district in 1700, and also to Czarnecki family (Katarzyna nee Eysmont) from the Lida district in 1728 and to the Lobaczewski family in places Great Eysmonty and Siemionowka, to families Hlebowicz, Poljanowski, Konstantynowicz and Balewski from Bulewszczyzna; a certain Eysmont or Eysimont was related to Antoni Jelski son of Bazyli J. Jelski from Little Eysmonty Paszewicze in 1720;
the noble Eysmont family lived in the Kovno district - village Mimale Panienie)
here lived Kazimierz Konstantynowicz who was born c. 1850 near to Toloczki;
Orechowicze: Walenty Konstantynowicz was born here A.D. 1870 and his brother Stefan).

- to Hrodna in the early eighties of the 19th century (Adam 2nd Konstantynowicz); and e.g. here in 1912 according to "Voters List Grodno Gubernia 1912" Konstantynowicz Wladyslaw son of Osip / Jozef Konstantynowicz.

- near to Kazlouscyna (the village Butlerowszczyzna / Butlerovshchisna;
Napoleon Konstantynowicz lived here, born c. 1825, colonel of the January Insurrection 1863) after the November Insurrection, then in the thirties of the 19th century.

- also near to Svencionys / Svencionus:
the places Paragiszki / Paringis, Podciejkinie, Saule / Savuliai in the Zablociszki region = "volost", that is the Zacisze estate (by the small Ejsiata river near to Ceikiniai in the Daugeliskis parish;
neighbours - Seyfert family of Hebryda arms in villages Zablociszki and Anastazow) by circa 1865 and at a later date property of Swiatecki family - information of 1886.

- and to the Dryssa ujezd (i.e. in the district of Verchnjadzvinsk or Werchnedwinsk): villages Old Svolna and Svolna / Swolna (about here count Jozef Zarako Zarakowski) in the Vicebsk government.

- the Konstantynowicz family also moved out to the "Polish Livland" (LATVIA today) in the parish of Malnov (the place Malnovskoi or Malnava in the district of Ludza = Ludsen and Kowalki farm or Kowali, about half square mile; 39,5 km north - east of Vilani and 35 km NW of Karsau i.e. Karsava) in the government of Vicebsk; many Roman Catholics persons laid off from bureaus in the Vicebsk government after 1863:
Jan Konstantynowicz held a post of accountant,
Kosma Konstantynowicz a hospital clerk,
Wiktor Konstantynowicz the 1st writer.

Following KONSTANTYN Konstantynowicz / Konstantin Konstantynowicz, the son of Alexandr / Aleksander Konstantynowicz. Konstantyn Konstantynowicz b. in Riga A.D. 1869 and died in Uzkoje estate ("Narrowly") near by Moscow = Moskva in 1924, he was member of the Ufa government office 1904 - 1917 in Baschkirische / Bashkortostan region,
married Wiera Puszkin in 1894 - she was born 1871,
daughter of Anatol Puszkin (1846 - 1905)
and grandchild of Elzbieta Zagrazski (Russian noble house of Zagrashskije, for the first time information in 1493 - 1503) and Lev Puszkin (b. 1805 - died in Odessa 1852, who was brother of famous writer);
the Uzkoje estate that was otherwise Uzkoje village, situated 15,5 km S-W-S of Moscow core in the suburbs of the capital i.e. 9 km from boundary of urban housing in 1917, and there are nowadays Litovskij bulvar Str. and Jasnogorskaja Str. near by Vitcevskij forest and also Tschertanovka river.

See also inf. about
the Armand family from Moscow, Lenin and Inessa Armand 1909 - 1920 and on Izabela Horodecki - Malkiewicz b. Moscow 1908, Anna Konstantynowicz nee Armand, and Dyuflon / Duflon in Russia after 1892. All inf. in my domain 'konstantynowicz.info'.

In the Estonia province (Wiktor Konstantynowicz the 2nd was born 1874 in Kazan (not Riga) and died 1945 in Tallinn, the cemetery of Hiiu-Rahu Str. at Nomme area; was connected with Finland).
Wiktor Konstantynowicz the 2nd got married to Alexandra nee Staroh - Siedoh / Sedoh (1877 - 1948 in Tallinn) and they lived in Nomme close to Tallinn - South of Tallinn nowadays - since 1918 (the Sedoh / Siedoh family in Rakvere, Estonia and in Tatarstan now).

Victor Konstantynowicz vel Wiktor Konstantynowicz Staroch Siedoch vel Starych Siedych (acc. to me he changed the surname because Viktor Konstantinovich has the documents named Constantine and scans of Estonian passports with the Starych Siedych surname), was born on 20 October 1874 in Kazan, his father unknown name, but mother Mary Trubetskaya / Maria Trubecka;

Wiktor was married to Alexandra Nikolaevna Starych Siedych, b. 03 February 1877 in St Petersburg, her father Nikolai Ivanov, mother Olga Ryabchinskaya / Riabczynski;
on 09 June 1934 lived in Estonia, Nomme Harku tn 28-2 and buried in the cemetery Hiiu-Rahu in Tallinn: Victor on 19 January 1945 by Rita Tunkel / Tungel, address Apteegi 14-2 and Alexandra - 09 December 1948 by Galina Tunkel. Inf. only by Inga Ilves and http://forum.vgd.ru/.
An information from a database of the White movement:
Starych Siedych Victor Konstantynowicz born 1874, in service since 1904, an officer since 1912, 'ensign' that is praporschik by Admiralty, in the North-Western Army of White movement enlisted on May 20, 1919 and in December 1919 at the headquarters of the Estonian 4th Infantry Division; in 1917 he was living in Peterburg / St. Petersburg but on June the 14th, 1924 they lived in the town of Viljandi. Daughter of Alexandra and Victor: Galina born approx. 1900 / 1902, died in NOMME after 1968 and was married to a Latvian; she had two daughters, one married to a Latvian, another to a German (Irena?).

Trubetskoy or the dukes Trubecki family has Lithuanian and Russian roots from Gedimin; from Nikita Kosoy Trubecki who died 1608: Tonu Trubetsky musician of the well-known Estonian rock group with the Polish - Estonian branch of the descendants of Nikita Yurevich Trubetskoy: by Nicholas Nikitich d. 1821, Petr Nikolaevich d. 1801, Gregory Petrovich who settled in Poland b. 1802 died 1879, by Nestor Grigoriewicz Trubecki, an international journalist, who was born and died in Poland 1840 - 1907, and by Gerasimos Nestorovich and by Gerasimovich Paul b. 1879 died 1941, a member of the Polish Socialist Party, who died in Tallinn, by Vladimir Trubetskoy, a member of the Polish Home Army born 1915 died 1997 and to Jan Trubetskoy born 1938.

- Michail Konstantynowicz graduated from the Polack Orthodox Seminary in 1832.

- the Zapole farm (in the POLACK / Polatsk ujezd, either the Polotsk or Polozk district, about 31 km N-W-N of Polatsk = Polack, near to villages Hyrlino and Ramosze at the map of 1859) in the government of Vicebsk;
their neighbours:
Kuzarewski,
Newelski,
Reutt (or Reut, Reutas of Gozdawa arms, known in 1655; in the Vicebsk province 1764, they were verified here in 1857; next of kin Rusiecki family in the Dzisna area; related to Kossakowski of Slepowron coat of arms and to Kukiel family of Leliwa arms from Horodcewicze and Horki in the Polack = Polatsk territory c. 1737;
among other things Joanna Reut married to Michal Gano with by-name Lipski c. 1715 in the Vicebsk province - e.g. one of the Gano family, general Stanislaw Gano acted as a chief of the intelligence service of Polish Army 1943 - 1945;
Romuald Reut - administrator of Chalopenicy estate in the Barysau district in 1812; Anna Reut (= Reutt) was related to Bortkiewicz family with Lubicz coat of arms, c. 1865);

and Weryho either dukes Veryha, Veryha Darowski according to Kojalowicz, or Veriho - Darevski / Dareuski i.e. Verigas of Sreniawa / Szrzeniawa coat of arms in the Vicebsk A.D. 1420 and Polack provinces, also in Tver government in Russia;
e.g. Franciszek Veriho - Darevski (i.e. Darewski Veryha who was an officer in Polack A.D. 1754) married Rozalia Koszyc, and
next his daughter married Tadeusz Koziell Poklewski
son of Michal Koziell Poklewski from Holowczyn i.e.
Haloucyn = Holovsin 17 km NE of Bjalynicy, here the battle had taken place between Russians and Swedes in July 04th, 1708;
and Benedykt Veryha in the Polack province A.D. 1764; persecuted in the Polack and Vicebsk districts after 1863;
one of them, Ignacy duke Veryho / Weryho - who was born in Jekaterynburg A.D. 1876, in exile of
his parents:
Walerjan and Malwina Veryha / Weryho, insurgents of 1863 - was persecuted in U.S.S.R. and died at Solowezki Islands in 1930; the noble family related to Dauksza and Darowski.

- the Konstantynowiczs lived in BUDSLAU in the sixties of the 19th century
(Jakov born c. 1810/1820 and
his children Semen, Vikentij / Wincenty Konstantynowicz and Malwina Mancewicz),
the district of Vilejka, too; the Mancewicz family came among other things from: Kiociszki, area of Eisiskes, the Lida district and Vilnius in 1847/1858.

- we were in the Smolensk government as early as the beginning of the 19th cent., thus Jewfimij Konstantynowicz finished the Smolensk Orthodox Clerical Seminary in 1825 (together with Czebotariev, Jeleniev, Cvietkov, Spiridonov).

Also Konstantynowicz Elena, daughter of Wasilij Konstantynowicz from the Smolensk region probably the 1st half of the 19th century, acc. to Shpilenko D. P. of 2006.

- Chernigov:
Sophia (Zofia) Konstantynowicz,
the daughter of Alexander Konstantynowicz,
and she married to Maksimowski; Sophia was born in 1852 and died in Cernihiv = Chernigov, south of Homel in 1878; was buried near by the Cernihiv orthodox church.

- Vilna remained the third capital of Polish culture for all 19th century long, thus here learnt also the Konstantynowiczs:
1. Iosafat Konstantynowicz finished the Lithuanian Orthodox Seminary in 1830 (complete with Govorski, Novicki, Ksavery Zdanovicz),
2. Josif Konstantynowicz here also in 1859 (together with Grinievicz, Kaliskij, Druzilowski, Dedevicz, Noskovicz, Stupnicki, Paszkievicz, Pavlovicz, Bursa, Jakutovicz and others),
3. Ignatij Konstantynowicz completed study here in 1863 (others: Bursa, Ivacevicz, Doroszevski, Timinski, Devaltovski, Szirinski),
4. Konstantin (3rd) Konstantynowicz here in 1890 (+ Malygin, Szirinski, Prigodinski, Mironovicz, Savicz, Sosnovski, Rozanovicz),
5. Vladymir Konstantynowicz educated himself in the Vilna Clerical Secondary School in 1913 (together with: Aristarch, Malevicz, Aleksandr Muczinski, Toszczakov, Michail Sollohub).
I have derived the data on Orthodox schools from: http://www.petergen.com/spiskie.htm.

- we were in Volhynia, the Russian Empire in the 19th century. I take note of them in a certain village near to Wlodzimierz Wolynski = Vladimir in the middle of the 19th cent. (Volodymyr Volyns'ky, Ukraine now), Horodlo next to above Vladimir after c. 1863 according to my correspondent of 2004, SOKAL (Austrian Empire formerly) and near to Wisniowiec in Volhynia (Russia in 1876 and what coat of arms ?) before the first World War.
Adam Konstantynowicz was born in Vladimir c. 1800/1805, officer of the November Insurrection 1831 - that's a Volhynia Branch.
The Ornatowski Volhynia armorial note: "(...) Konopnicki 1839-1873, Konsowicej 1862-67, Konstantinowicz 1838 - 55 (...)", see: ornatowski.com/index/herbarzwolynski.htm.

The Konstantynowicz family verified noble descent in the nineteenth century:

- a documentation of the noble Konstantynowicz family with the Fox coat of arms proper was being shown in Minsk on 15 December 1802 (Stanislaw Wankowicz was the government marshal in 1802); they derived from Mikolay Pohosha Konstantynowicz of the Minsk province; he had 3 sons: Stefan, Hrehory Dmitr and Jozef; they owned some farmlands in the province of Minsk and carried out positions in the first half of the seventeenth century; above Mikolay Pohosha Konstantynowicz received a privilege on 07 March 1643 handed over to him by the king Vladislav IV Vasa; Bonifacy 1st Konstantynowicz (who lived in the Minsk government in 1802, according to the Minsk State Archives) derived from a.m. Mikolay.

The Fox crest mean strategy, guile, stratagem defensive and intelligence - argued in 1997 Mr. Pavel Dudzinski in "Heraldic Alphabet" (p. 118 and plate 314).

The Fox crest is in eleven varieties according to Juliusz count Ostrovski in "Armorial Book of Polish ancestries" of 1897 ed. in Warsaw: 1st - shield and above fox, in shield: arrow upwards with two beams; 2nd - shield and above fox, in shield: golden arrow with two beams; 3rd - shield and above fox, arrow with two and half beams; 4th - three feathers instead of fox above of shield, with arrow and one beam in shield; 5th - arrow with three transversal beams upon the shield, and also three feathers above the shield; 6th - arrow with two beams on the shield, and also a duke cap with cross at the top; 7th - on the shield: horseshoe and above arrow with two beams, above of shield: crown with swan at the top; 8th - only in Poland in the thirteenth century: arrow with one beam on the shield without objects above of arms, and the arrow upwards; 9th - only shield, arrow downwards with one beam; 10th variety - of the 15th cent., shield with above helmet, and arrow diagonally downwards with two beams; 11th - variety of the 15th cent.: only shield with arrow upwards, and also two beams.

According to Tadeusz Gajl, "Noble crests of the Both Nations Republic", p. 127 and 128: seven kinds of the Fox coat of arms here and the Fox diverse arms of Liskowski family; 1. Fox (Mzura) - one arrow with two transversal rafters; 2. one golden arrow with two beams; 3. lack of image; 4. arrow with one transversal rafter and above three feathers; 5. three rafters on the arrow and three feathers; 6. a cap with cross above of shield, arrow with two beams; 7. shield and above crown with swan, in the shield: arrow with two beams and horseshoe below the arrow. The author write about the Konstantynowicz family of Intestines, Radwan and Fox arms only.

According to Alfred Znamierowski, "Polish regalia, symbols and arms", ed. in Warsaw 2003: discussion on a sword - p. 9; about Fox crest - p. 26 and 39: mainly double crossed "rogacina" i.e. arrows;

- we presented to the authority in Vilna on 19 May 1842 an original of privilege edited by the king Sigismund Augustus to Michno Konstantynowicz on 04 January 1554 who was endowed with estate in the Merecz area and set out many of documents of the 18th cent.; persons derived from the Minsk government i.e. from Babianowszczyzna = Buchta holding verified themselves (i.e. Baguta 15 km west of Smaljavicy, at the border of former Barysau distrtict on the Minsk district in the 19th cent.) at that time;

they were in Pileszyszki in the Kovno region after 1766, too:
Jan Konstantynowicz and his sons
Maciej, Pawel, Samuel, Bazyli, Antoni, Franciszek, Marcin and
grandsons of the above Jan (i.e. two sons of Maciej):
Jan II and Michal (childless);
sons from Jan II:
Adam (childless) and Michal Konstantynowicz
(his sons: Walenty Stanislaw, Konstanty, Jan Stanislaw, Jozef Andrzej and Alfons Onufry - they were born by 1840).

- A.D. 1853 and 1915 when name Konstantynowicz with the initials S. B. was mentioned in the memorial book of the Minsk province - both inf. in the Minsk government (the Fox coat of arms).

- 1859 in the Vicebsk government (the Fox coat of arms).

- Antoni Konstantynowicz confirmed coat of arms in Hrodna A.D. 1861 (Antoni b. ca 1833, the son of Dominik Konstantynowicz b. ca 1800/1805, derived from area of Krycau, with the Fox coat of arms).

- Aleksander Konstantynowicz b. ca 1825/1828/1832, who came from an Ukrainian military and landowning family, he lived in the government of Poltava (now in Ukraine), also in Kiev
(Olga I. Konstantynowicz who was born 1860 in Kiev - since 1880 in Paris and USA at the beginning of the 20th cent. - his daughter)
and verified the noble descent in Kishinev in 1893. He was general - lieutenant and war governor of the Turgai (Orenburg capital then and Arkalyk now) region in the 19th century. Next the Bessarabia governor.
His father Piotr Konstantynowicz (relation of Wlodzimierz Wernadskij) was Brigadier-General, too - Piotr was son of H. (G. ?) Konstantynowicz.

His sister Anna Petrovna Konstantynowicz was the second wife (1862) of Jan Wernadskij
(that is Ivan Vernadski = Ivan Vasil'evich Vernadsky who was born in Kiev 1821, son of Vasilii; Ivan worked in Home Office 1856 - 1867, died 1884 in Sankt Peterburg = St Petersburg;
her son Vladymir was born in St. Petersburg on February 28 / March 12, 1863, lived in Kharkov, where the family had moved when he was five and acted as a Soviet specialist in mineralogy - taught himself Ukrainian and Polish;
her granddaughter married Fokin)
and she worked as a music teacher in Petersburg just before 1862.

Michal or Michail - son of Fiodor 2nd Konstantynowicz - was his next of kin; Michal was born in 1812, died 1867; doctor after completion of the Kharkov University; served in the Russian army and at a later date assistant director of the medical - military department in 1862 in Petersburg; he wrote a lot of researches and theses - with F. Augustynowicz, Trappe, Lebiediew, too.

The Sedoh / Siedoh / Sedykh / Siedych family in Estonia and in Tatarstan now:

Victor Konstantynowicz vel Wiktor Konstantynowicz Staroch Siedoch vel Starych Siedych / Sedykh (acc. to me he changed the surname because Viktor Konstantinovich has the documents named Constantine and scans of Estonian passports with the Starych Siedych surname), was born on 20 October 1874 in Kazan, his father unknown name, but mother was Mary vel Maria nee Trubecki / Mary Trubetskaya / Maria Trubecka / Trubetskaja / Trubetzkaya born ca 1853 (or circa 1840). Wiktor Konstantynowicz was married to Alexandra Nikolaevna nee Starych Siedych / Sedykh / Siedoh, born 03 February 1877 in St Petersburg, her father Nikolai Ivanov Starych Siedych / Sedykh / Siedoh, mother Olga Ryabchinskaya / Riabczynski; on 09 June 1934 lived in Estonia, Nomme Harku tn 28-2 and buried in the cemetery Hiiu-Rahu (by the order of Nomme Small Town Council, Hiiu-Rahu Cemetery, which was established in 1919, is the smallest among the cemeteries in Tallinn) in Tallinn: Victor on 19 January 1945 by Rita Tunkel / Tungel, address Apteegi 14-2 and Alexandra - 09 December 1948 by Galina Tunkel.

Inf. by Inga Ilves (families from Odessa, Tallinn - Hiiu [Hiiu is a subdistrict / asum in the district of Nomme, Tallinn, the capital of Estonia], the town of Elva in Estonia) and 'http://forum.vgd.ru/'. There are 10 people in Estonia with the Trubetskoi / Trubetskoy last name now, in Harjumaa. Harju County or Harjumaa / Harrien / Harria, it is situated in northern Estonia, on the south coast of the Gulf of Finland; Tallinn, the capital of Estonia, is included in the county.

See also: 'genealogy.euweb.cz' acc. to Josef Zvonecka - "...but then the page was attacked by Polish nationalists who turned it into a mess, starting a bunch of unnecessary stubs with Polish names. They also extensively used the Trubetskoy genealogy which I had compiled and posted at 'genealogy.euweb.cz'. I am sorting this category and some of it's members have really more connection with Russia then Poland..." (?!). "Someone give a bibliographic reference for this genealogy" at
'http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trubetskoy_family'. My correspondent was writing to me in June 2012: "...The Library of Congress as well as some other world libraries own the official Troubetzkoy family genealogies. The most recent one was published in 1976 and has full information about Princess Maria and was written by a nephew. In addition, there are 3 books about the descendants of that particular branch of the family, with the latest book published in 2006".

An information from a database of the White movement:
Starych Siedych Victor Konstantynowicz born 1874, in service since 1904, an officer since 1912, 'ensign' that is praporschik by Admiralty, in the North - Western Army of White movement enlisted on May 20, 1919 and in December 1919 at the headquarters of the 4th Infantry Division.

- 04. 12. 1844 at Volhynia and verified the noble descent in Podolyia on 05. 12. 1841.

- 1913 in the district of Dorohobuz (verified the Fox coat of arms in Smolensk, and they stayed near to Dorogobush / Dorohobuz).

- in Mahileu.

- 1799 in the Kaunas territory and Samaites in the Russian Empire (other coat of arms thereabouts). Konstantynowicz ancestry with the Bowel coat of arms had the Poszeszow estate in the Raseiniai ex-district (the Samaites territory in the independent Lietuva i.e. Litwa or Litauen, Lithuania) in the middle of the 16th century. In Vilna (i.e. in Wilno A.D. 1841) authorized again the arms of them, and also nine generations and 57 male persons:
Jan Konstantynowicz and his son Waclaw with the nickname Szwarplowicz c. 1650 and
grandsons Jan and Michal - their sons:
Krzysztof and Stanislaw; Christopher (i.e. Krzysztof)
had a sons: Andrzej, Jan and Jerzy; the above named
Michal had a son Stanislaw and grandson Jerzy;
lived 13 persons at the end of the 18th cent. and 25 persons c. 1830:
Nikodem, Jakub, Wincenty, Michal, Kasper, Teodor, Ludwik, Antoni, Kajetan and Teofil.

The Konstantynowiczs with the Fox proper arms from Pileszyszki in the Kaunas (here in 1766) district were related to this lineage; they derived from famous Michno Konstantynowicz who received the big estate from the king Sigismund Augustus on 04 January 1554; the farmland was in the Merkine = Merecz area, beside the Niemen river (Neman or Nemunas) by the Merkys = Mereczanka river. Only one line of the Kaunas branch was verified in Vilna A.D. 1910 and information about four lines of this branch were lacking.

- 1817 in the Hrodna district and at a later date they verified privilege of 1578 handed over by the king Stephen Bathory but with another armorial bearings i.e. "two swords (some documents from Sankt Petersburg Archive - disclosure to Pavel in the beginning of August 2004; "the two swords might represent the military service of two brothers, and the star above might signify a successful military engagement", as somebody wrote in successive phase of public discussion about the noble Konstantynowicz family, that commenced on August 15th, 2004 in the web net, but the discussion is led by strange persons from feefhs.org, not from our roots) which constitute a cross, and a star above them, and feathers of ostrich below (above, I think) the helmet".

I explain the problem to you (on September 10th, 2004). Two naked crossing swords without golden hilts, this is fundamental Pielesz arms:

A.
priest Wojciech Wijuk Kojalowicz, "Armorial of the Grand duchy of Lithuania knights, so-called Compendium" had written on the Pielesz / Pielesh crest c. 1650, ed. in Cracow 1897:
two swords at red field of shield and three feathers from ostrich above - plate, p. 212; it were four families with the Pielesz arms: Ielskj i.e. Jelskij - some with cross among swords, inf. of 1620, 1632 in the Mscislau province and of 1648, Kwasnickj Golden i.e. Kvasnickij or Kwasnicki Golden ancestry derived from Moscow, Pieleszyc house in the Vicebsk province, and also Wloszek family from Podlasie - inf. 1584;
B.
besides the Golocki family of the Golocki arms according to Kasper Niesiecki, vol. 4 ed. in Lipsk 1839, p. 174 - here effigy of the Golocki coat of arms, two swords on the shield, diagonally crossing with hilts upwards and a cap at the helmet - the shield is the same as the Pielesz one; the family came from Chelmno area in Poland; estates: Goloty, Sarnov near by Grudziadz, Melno, inf. of 1651;
C.
moreover Golocki family also with the Pielesz diverse crest according to T. Gajl, p. 67: a cap and two feathers above crown, and beneath two swords with golden hilts upwards in the shield;
D.
according to Seweryn Uruski, "Family. The Armorial of Polish nobility", vol. 13, 1916, p. 330: Pielesz family of the Pielesz arms in Lithuania, the district of Panevezys, near by Upita in 1580, also as Pieleszyc; Pieleszyc family with the Pielesz diverse arms - sabres instead of swords in the shield; it say that is the same family what Pielesz;
E.
according to J. Ostrowski, p. 437 - here a plate of the Pielesz arms: two swords with hilts downwards in the shield and three feathers above crown.

The Wloszek arms:
A.
Vloshek / Wloszek family according to Gajl, p. 246 - with the Pielesz diverse coat of arms, by turns from top to toe: bird above two hunting hornes, crown, shield - two swords with golden hilts and four roses between blades; Wloszek family with own Wloszek arms: coat of arms without helmet, and in the shield two crossing swords with golden hilts in palms and three roses between blades; the Wloszek arms come from the Pielesz crest;
B.
Niesiecki, vol. 9, 1842, had written about Wloszek family of the Pielesz diverse arms - they added four white roses in red field; Bielski, Paprocki and Okolovich wrote, too.

The Wloszek arms resulted from link between the Pielesz arms and the Roses coat of arms (i.e. Poraj); the Pielesz coat of arms belong to a sword group (the Kownia arms, Herburt crest, three swords and Pielesz come from the sword group); the Swords are in 19 arms and variants joined with another objects.

Adding of one star extra to the Pielesz armorial bearings resulted in unknown arms for Mieroszowski (plate 10, pieces 1 - 15, ed. of 1887). It's a Pielesz diverse coat of arms according to me.

There was a certain Konstantynowicz branch from Russia in the Congress Poland after exile to Siberia (the exile to Irkutsk in 1864). They lived at a later date near by Makov and thereafter Ciechanov at the end of the 19th cent. and derived from Patrycjusz Konstantynowicz + Anastazja nee Mierzejewski. Gavryla Konstantynowicz born c. 1810 was father of Patrycjusz and Zenon, I think. The document relating to the grant of a certain estate upon this Konstantynowicz branch (territory of them was situated at the border on Russia, at Volhynia) was in Mikashovka vicarage till 1945. Patrycjusz i.e. Patrycy Konstantynowicz was born in 1831, the Roman Catholic, d. November 01st, 1908. A part of this branch is living in USA now. At present, on September the 15th, in yr. 2008 Michal has written off to me that Patrycjusz had got to arrive to the Congress Poland from Berezyna (from the parish of Berazino; at least the message needs to be precisely researched !) and what is more alongside (?) younger brother Zenon Konstantynowicz.


The following names of lines are according to my research work:
THE BUDSLAU BRANCH,
FROM MALVINA AND WIKENTIJ;
THE HRODNA BRANCHES;
from KAZIMIERZ born c. 1850/52, JOZEF born c. 1842, ADAM born c. 1840/45, and also WALENTY from ORECHOVICZE or ORECHVICZE;
THE BRANCH FROM IRKUTSK;
FROM PATRYCJUSZ;
A BRANCHES FROM THE MINSK GOVERNMENT - earliest branch from Jan Konstantynowicz 1698; earlier branches from Bonifacy I, Gawryla, Jakow, Daniil (Daniel), Fiodor, Martin (Marcin) and from Leon; later branches from Bonifacy II, Antoni, Wilhelm, Pavel and from Jerzy II.
THE MSCISLAU BRANCH
(FROM DOMINIK and his brothers); my family from the Mscislau area derived from - according to the oral tale - a region by Mereczanka river (= Merkys river), thus from Michno Konstantynowicz with the Fox proper coat of arms, where the same possessed forest (1554) and the property of Zaleskowszczyzna (1552) but we weren't told that the Konstantynowicz family derived from Toloczki; the same Michno was put down in a judicial documents of the Troki district in 1552 (according to Jan Ciechanowicz, vol. 3). Searching for evidences last at present. All proofs show the Troki district by the Mereczanka river as the nest of our beginning and never point to the Hrodna district. All descendants with only the Fox proper coat of arms and with our Konstantynowicz surname come from the above Michno Konstantynowicz.

The KAUNAS BRANCHES - PIOTR the 1st AND HIS SON VLADYSLAV BORN 1891 and others families;
THE KAZLOUSCYNA BRANCH - FROM NAPOLEON KONSTANTYNOWICZ;
the VOLHYNIA BRANCH from Bazyli A.D. 1729 and what coat of arms? E.g. Kazimierz Konstantynowicz in Hrubieszow, 1934.

In 1863 the poor nobility in the East Belarus in the first half of the 19th cent. lived in two clumps, west and east group. The west one, by the Druc' river (near by Sjanno, through Careja and Bobr, to Talacyn and southwards Bjalynicy and next Druc village) and the east one by the Soz river (from Mscislau, through Krycau and to Cacersk, here thickest). In the east group were a big localities, 40 - 850 persons. A fortunes of Poles in this furthest easterly territories of the former Both Nations Republic turned out differently than by Vistula, because not a few Poles had got to choose military service in the Russian Army since the end of the 18th cent. or they worked as engineers in different corners of former Russia since second half of the 19th century. We offer an example of the Czaplic family: Adam Eufemiusz Czaplic from the Mahileu government, Polish nobleman, friend of prince Potiomkin and Russian general fought against the Polish in 1792 and 1794, and also against Napoleon in 1812.

Nonetheless this country, the East Border, signaled to us attachment for Polish tradition during the January Insurrection in 1863, according to Edward Maliszewski (Edvard Malishevski), ed. in Warsaw in 1920. So in the Mahileu government was plan of the uprising on May 05th, 1863. There were 3.300 insurgents; in the district of Sjanno, at a farm of Slepce - here was a group of Tadeusz Chmurowicz (Tadeush Chmurovich) and W. Szlagier (V. Shlagier), 100 strong. Horki town was conquest by night 05/06 May 1863 (19 km from the present border of Russia and 22 km from Kopceuka).
The Orsa group under command of Ignacy Budzilowicz (Budzilovich) fought on May 07th, 1863. In the Mahileu district commanded W. Korsak (or Korsach) and Mancewicz brothers (Mancevich); they got defeated at once in Czarnorucz (Tsharnoruch). Consecutive battle between Russians and Polish rebels took place by Leciachy near to Rahacou by Dnjapro on May 11th, 1863, but already on May 12th and 13th, 1863 all Mahileu insurgents surrendered to Russians near by Zurawicze (Shuravicy, 38 km NE of Rahacou on May, 12th) and in Propojsk (that is Slauhard by Soz = Sosh river now, 75 km E - N - E of Rahacou in the Bychau district) on May 13th, 1863. Besides we know about a battle near by Szczawry (Scadry) close to the border of the Minsk government on the Mahileu one. It was similarly in the Minsk government: as early as November 1862 a Convention of the Nobility in Minsk made a statement - summons for uprising. For the first time a fighting was close by Piotrowszczyzna village (Piotrowinka, 18 km West of Cerven in the Ihumen district). The group of rebels retreated towards the Mahileu government, through Kolbcza (i.e. Koubca 19 km SW of Miezonka). At the same time, on May 07th, 1863, a group 400 strong fought close by Podberezje (Podbereshje 26 km SW of Cerven) in the Ihumen district, too. Consecutive battle between Russians and Polish rebels near by Loczyn on June 14th, 1863 in the Ihumen district, too (Lucznoje now, 8 km southwards of Cerven). In consequence the estate of Gorki had confiscated from Kornel Peliksza in 1863 (21 km of Minsk) after suppressing of the rebellion; Kornel Peliksza acted as chief of the Minsk province during the January Insurrection. Pawel Dybowski (Pavel Dybovski) was a chief in the Minsk district with centre in Stankow (Stankava now, 36 km SW of Minsk); it was property of general and count Emeryk Czapski. In the middle of May 1863, a group from the Ihumen district which came from east side of the Berazino parish (Berezino) under command of Piotr Jesman, after skirmish close to Boguschewitschi, was smashed completely close by Marcjanowka village (Martjanovka north of Boguschewitschi). Melchior Wankowicz older was also the insurgent in 1863.

Notwithstanding the Polish nobility lived on and on in the Mahileu government, for instance in 1865: the west group by Druc' river - 12.188 adult persons in 521 villages and places, among others 10.447 Roman Catholics; the east group by Soz river - 25.318 persons in 248 placess but only 5.927 Roman Catholics.

Only 3.700 Poles lived in the Mahileu province in 1989, after displacements and purges in 1918 - 21, 1928 - 37, 1940 - 44 and 1952 - 55.

We lived in the central and eastern Minsk government continuously in the middle of the 19th cent. and persons:
1. Iwan Konstantynowicz,
2. Zenon Konstantynowicz,
3. Marcin Konstantynowicz (dworianin = nobleman verified),
4. Iwan Konstantynowicz (dworianin = nobleman verified),
5. Patrycy Gawrylow Konstantynowicz,
6. Wikentij Jakowlew Konstantynowicz,
7. Semen Jakowlew Konstantynowicz,
8. Kazimierz Daniilow Konstantynowicz / Danilovich Konstantynowicz Kazimir (catholic, a nobleman, was living in noble locality Podkosie ca 15 km east of PUKHOVICHY, and south-west of Berezyna; PUKHOVICHY district, Minsk region),
9. Iwan Fiodorow Konstantynowicz,
10. Iwan Daniilow Konstantynowicz,
11. Mikolaj Martinow Konstantynowicz,
12. Iwan Leonow Konstantynowicz,
13. Stefan Konstantynowicz the 1st in Dzmitrovichi, the Barysau district - the information of 1844.

Localities of the Konstantynowiczs:
Zamostocze in the Minsk district (= uyezd), the region of Siennica, the parish of Koreliszczewicze; residents in this Polish noble locality at the end of the 19th cent.: Platowski, Narejko, Janczewski, Suchocki, Rzeczycki, Pawlowicz, Mazurkiewicz, Ancielewski and our family;
Luzki = Lushki (near to villages Skuraty, Donnarowka, Zadomlia, Zaluze in 1859, 7 km west of Smolewicze / Smaljavicy) in the Minsk government at the beginning of the 19th cent.; here was a teacher and priest Tadeusz Konstantynowicz in 1812.

Ozeryszcze = Ozdryszcze, Oserischtsche in the Ihumen (= Igumen either Tscherwen or Cerven) district, NW of Ossipowitschi;
Little Loszyca - small holding Male Loszyce in the Minsk district - 4 km NW of Koroleszczenicze (= Koreliszczewicze; neighbourhood of them in the 19th cent.: noble Poloniewicz family in a little village Zajameczno, noble houses Pawlowski, Niemorszanski, Bohdaszewski, Siemaszko, Lubanski, Proszynski, Kostrowicki and Narcyz Torczynski; the village was situated in the Siennica = Sienica region that is "volost", the parish of Koroleszczenicze, near to villages Kuroszczowszczyzna, Rylowszczyzna, Loszyce and Korziuki);
Barysau / Borysow, here Stefan Konstantynowicz the 2nd here in the early 20th century;
Mar'ina Horka = Marina Gorka, Anton / Antoni Konstantynowicz, b. ca 1820, the son of Ivan / Jan Konstantynowicz b. ca 1790; Antoni Konstantynowicz was the first rector of a school in the little city (the Piareshyr street) in 1866;
Konstantynov (the noble small village near to the river Usza = Usa, 5 kilometres from Borovina north; close to border of the Ihumen district) in the Barysau district;
BOROVINA in the Ihumen district (i.e. Borowiny near to Zeremiec at the map of 1859), here Ludwik Konstantynowicz and his son Jan born 1888, who has gone into the army of Balachowicz 1920.
Berezyna.

The Balachowicz's Corps passed by Olszany and Remel by south bank of Pripjat (= Pryp'jat) on Polish side: on November 26th, 1920 ("Tula" and "Putwal" regiments with Jozef Balachowicz); on November 26th - 28th: soldiers of the 2nd and 3rd Byelorussian Divisions passed to Poland; by night 27/28 November 1920 - Gen. Stanislaw Balachowicz went on to Poland (with his aides: painter Artur Szyk i.e. Alexander Szykarenko, b. 1894, d. 1951 in USA, since 1921 lived in Lodz, and also Tadeusz Darmont); on November 30th - Gen. Adamowicz; the remainder on December 02nd - 04th, 1920 (on December 04th: unit 2100 strong from the 1st Byelorussian Division of colonel Peremykin after tough fightings on November 25th - 27th). The formal demobilization of the Balachowicz's Corps followed on December 03rd, 1920. And nonetheless Gen. Stanislaw Balachowicz was elected as "General Chieftain of Belarus" in Warsaw on December 23rd, 1920, according to Stanislaw Dowoyno - Sollohub. Byelorussian soldiers were interned near by Czestochowa in January 1921, and from here to Szczypiorno close to Modlin, to Tuchola, Aleksandrow Kujawski, Pikulice, Dabie, Torun, Strzalkow and Kalisz, till August 1924. A lot of the "Balachowiczs" were employed in Hajnowka, Bialowieza and Bielsk.

MIEZONKA
in the Ihumen district (the GOVERNMENT OF MINSK, the parish of BERAZINO or BERESINO, the POHOST or Pogost region = Pogostskaya "volost" that is similar to county; PRECINCT BERAZINO = Uchastok No 2: Uyrevichskaya, Pogostskaya and the Belichanskaya volost; near to villages DULEBO (= Duleby) and DRUCZANY; here Stanislaw Konstantynowicz born c. 1855 + Anna Malkiewicz daughter of Konstancja Brzezinski from the Polish Livland / Livonia).
I search for all information about the village MIEZONKA where my grandfather was born on 23 April 1898 either 1897 or 23 April 1900; at present Belarus: the Bjalynicy (= Belynichi) region in the Mahileu (= the Mogilev or Mahilyow province) "oblast"; the village is situated among grand forest and southwards was big marsh - Miezonka was at a territory of the Radzivilles enormous estates before A.D. 1840; ask you about information.
The Combat Organization of the Polish Socialist Party, the Union of Weapon in the Ihumen district and the Polish Military Organization conducted a contraband of weapon from Russia to Austria - Hungary at the beginning of the 20th century keeping in touch with Josef Pilsudski (b. 1867) and that track went out from Petersburg, among others across Miezonka and Lodz (the Tuvim street) in the direction to Galicia; a family of Andrzejak from Lodz involved in this activity occupied quarters in Miezonka and Moscow all over the first World War and thus they became technolators of aviation and the basis of the amateurish movement of aviation sports in Lodz (besides Henryk, Stefan and Wladyslaw Chlebowski - as early as 1910 in Paris and 1911 in Lodz - and also Zygmunt Dekler acted as air experts in Lodz before the First world war) after 1920;
the Polish school of Berazino precinct was here in 1918;
farm - houses in Borovina and Miezonka estates were burned down and sequestered by the Soviets in November 1918 and many perished; displacement from here at Ural and Siberia (the governments of Perm and Omsk;
Konstantynowicz Walery son of Zygmunt was born in Berezniki on March 01st, 1950 in the region of Perm, i.e. in Bieriezniki 155 km north of Perm and next graduated from the Moscow University, philosopher, he has been living and working in Omsk since 1975) in winter 1928/29; the Roman Catholic chapel was here on the German map of 1941.
Berezyna.

MEZHONKA - the residents in this Polish noble locality at the beginning of the 20th cent.
- Umecki near by Lodz now,
Tumilowicz
(Miezonka and neighbourhood) Jan and Florian sons of Jozef, Leon and Piotr sons of Foma, Wasyl and Felicjan sons of Ilin, Jakub and Maciej sons of Wincenty and others; close to Dzierzynski family (brother of Felix); one of them Boleslaw worked at the Monitz factory in Lodz, was born c. 1901 in Miezonka number 9, he had two sisters and brother Bronislaw, nowadays in Poland (near by Lodz, too),
Bronowicki,
Lodz at a later date;
madam Zaleski,
Barszczewski, Adam the son of Wincenty and Jan the son of a.n. Adam;
Soroko
= Soroka, Saroka of Leliwa and Suchekomnaty arms in the Brest province and at a later date in Vilkmerge area, Dzisna region since 1571; related to Bulhak noble family and Koziell house; some estates in the Trakai district in 1607; Siberia now.
Konstantynowicz among others Bydgoszcz now;

Szostak
i.e. Sastakas with Dabrowa coat of arms and Tartars with Swan arms (they lived in the Lida and Vilna districts, for example A.D. 1764, and also in the Svencionys district A.D. 1835, derived from Tartar Szostak according to S. Dziadulewicz and verified in Minsk and Vicebsk); Stanislaw Szostak was from this family, person of the same age what my grandfather, he learnt at the "Nikolai - Ingenieurschule" (the air section was here during the First world war) in Petersburg by November 1917, defender of the Winter Palace on 07 November 1917, colonel of armoured weapon 1944 - 1947. According to Dariusz Szostak of 2011: Stanislaw Szostak born 14 January 1898 in Berezyna, died 11 February 1961, jailed 29 October 1917 to 18 December 1917 in Petrograd. Summer 1946 in UK. Among others Lodz now.

Witkowski = Vitovsky of 1860; among other things: Antoni and Wincenty the sons of Mikolaj and Jan who was son of Franciszek, in period of the January Insurrection 1863 - 1864;
Malkiewicz - they had relatives in Paluse i.e. Pluszcze; information of 1958 according to Narcyz Soroko from Siberia; among others Lodz now;
Zbieranowski
- one from them, Mr. Aleksander Zbieranowski was convicted during "shahtynski" lawsuit of 1928 - he was radio engineer and the specialist - expert of a radio valves after completion of the Polytechnic of Berlin in 1914;
other - Wladyslaw Zbieranowski was courier of the Polish Military Organization at the district of Babrujsk A.D. 1918. Aleksander born 1895 in Miezonka, son of Jan, wife Jozefa b. 1905 - daughter of Michal, lived in Kirylucha close to Rozyszcze in Volhynia before 1939,
children: Danuta, Jan, Ryszard, Zygmunt. Near by Lodz now.

Huszcza
or Guscis (= Gustis); with Puchala and Horseshoe coats of arms in the Polack province and in Mahileu A.D. 1671 and next in the provinces Vilna and Minsk; they verified the arms in Minsk in 1825; the Huszcza and Tumilowicz families that is the rural "badger nobility", the Polish strongly. The Borsuki village (Badgers) is situated 15 km north - east from Miezonka, according to M. K. Pawlikowski who described history of Ipohorski - Irtenski family from the Berazino parish (proprietors of Backov estate 3 km E from the Berezina river); sons of Jerzy: Kazimierz, Hilary, Aleksander, Julian and Maciej Huszcza; peers of this Jerzy: Jan Huszcza, Semen, Fiodor and Kondrat Huszcza in the period of the January Insurrection; they've been living in Siberia and Belarus.

Comment on the Bonch - Bruevichs:

the foremost expert in the radio valves in the tsarist Russia was Michail (2nd) Boncz Brujewicz (Bonch-Bruevich b. 1888 in Orjol - d. 1940; son of Aleksander (III) Boncz Brujewicz / Bonch - Bruevich who stayed in Kiev since 1896), electrician and engineer after completion of the "Nikolai - Ingenieurschule" in Petersburg 1914; he served in the Russian army as a professional officer, expert of electron lamps and radiolocation, 1915 - 1919 made a study of radio valves and organized the first production of one as chief of high - frequency's section in the Central laboratory of War Department in middle of 1917 (the first broadcast valves and valve sets appeared in Russian Air Force in 1917); director of the radio valves laboratory in 1918 - 1920 and author of the broadcasting station's project in Moskow of 1922; his son Aleksej Bonch - Bruevich (b. 1916) was the Soviet expert of electron tubes, too;
his relatives - actual originators of the November coup d'etat in 1917:
brothers
Wladymir Boncz Brujewicz = Bonch-Bruevich (1873 - 1955, son of Dmitry Bonch-Bruevich;
photo: W. Boncz - Brujewicz in Moscow, October 1918;
Wladymir i.e. Vladimir Bonch - Bruevich was publisher and one of Lenin's closet associates; he had got a cabin in autonomous Finland and Lenin had hiding place there in period July - October 10th, 1917 [Old Style] i.e. to 23rd October;
Vladimir Bruevich was administration manager at the Council of People's Commissars from November 1917; cf. F. Antoni Ossendowski, "Shadow of the bleak East", edition of 1919 and 1921, p. 57 - 58: he was known to sphere of Petersburg high society, Polish "old nobleman", secret chieftain of socialists; he concealed of Trocki - Bronstein in Petersburg A.D. 1905 and also directed Chrustalow - Nosar or Chrustalov - Nosari in 1905)
and general Michail (III) Boncz Brujewicz / Bonch - Bruevich either Bonch - Bruyevich Mikhail Dmitriyevich or Michal Bonc - Bruevic,
see - if you read Russian - here: http://history.tuad.nsk.ru/index.html (b. 1870 - died 1956; son of Dmitry who stayed in Moscow) who was tsarist general and next chief of staff of the Supreme Commander after November 1917, the military director of the Supreme Military Council and chief of general field staff of the Red Army in 1918 - 1919; was the specialist in take a pictures from airplanes and organized the first technical office of aerial photograph in 1925; he wrote "The aerial photograph" in 1931 and similar book in 1934 (and Grigorij - his son Mikolaj (2nd) b. 1896 was general of the Soviet air force);
the family of Aleksander II Brujewicz or Bonc - Bruievicius of the Boncza arms lived in Zbyszyn or Sbychin near to Tschetschewitschi since 1876 / 1880, 39 km SE away from Miezonka and the big estate had 5548 hectares.

He lived next door Gresmer or Greszner family (according to a map edited by A. Brantner of "K.u.k. militar - geographisches Institut" in Wien 1896) and Mr Witold Bulhak home (the Bulhak noble house of the Syrokomla arms, verified in Minsk A.D. 1802, possessed also in the government of Minsk: Matewitschi = Maciejewicze i.e. Macevicy 14 km SW of Miezonka, and Zuki, Budzilowka and Kondratowicze);
villages Woncza / Vontcha, Borki and Rogi - which Florian Czarnyszewicz described in a book "Nadberezyncy" i.e. Berezyna's Riverside Inhabitants - were situated close by the Zbyszyn estate: 3 and 7 km; besides a certain Aleksander (IV ?) Brujewicz purchased village Mistow and neighbourhood in the Congress Poland on 25 January 1861 but I haven't yet any firm evidences if it's the same Aleksander (2nd) Brujewicz who settled himself in the Zbyszyn property - I am searching information; they derived from Michal 1st Brujewicz who was born 1762 and stayed in the Minsk province and all following generations
(all his sons: Aleksander I, Mikolaj I, Bazyli, Wiktor, Piotr, Pawel, Fiodor) served in Russian army at a later date; the Brujewicz family was in Mahileu A.D. 1718 and in Krycau A.D. 1745, Sladzin or Sladziniec in Mahileu region in 1761.

In search of genealogy. It is of greatest importance to me.

I am looking for all information about my grandfather Marian or Jerzy Konstantynowicz and about his family from the parish of Berazino (Berezina, Berezino or Berezyna). He belonged to one of the old noble families from the farthest eastern reaches of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Those lands were also the first to be taken by tsarist Russia as the result of the partitions of Poland.

Those near and dear (families at the beginning of the 20th cent.) in the Berazino parish (Mother of God of Mercy catholic church), Riga, the Dryssa ujezd and elsewhere:
1.
Malkiewicz
in Old Svolna, Miezonka and the Jauji farm (i.e. Jowce or Javci in LATVIA; 49 km north - east of Vilani in the Ludsen = Ludza district formerly);
2.
Nieciejewski
in farms Hrynica / Griniza and Usochy in the Ihumen district, and also village Luszewska Slobodka in the Rahacou district (345 ha., here a family of Gorski lived, too) since 1881; the Russian and Soviet general, count Bronislaw Nieciejewski who was born c. 1870 in the Berazino parish came from Hrynica, and his daughter worked as translator and interpreter as early as November 1917 (after completion of the University of Paris) at the first Council of People's Commissars under direction of Wladymir (Vladimir) Boncz Brujewicz who was the chief of the Lenin's office 1917 - 1918; either Nieciejovski or Niecijevskij, Nicijewski and Nieciovski, too.
3.
Uminski
or Uminskas with Cholewa arms in the Vilna and Vicebsk provinces (Manulki farm A.D. 1672), Bruslevo (or Bryjelov, Brialewo in the Berezina parish) and Smolarnia - Florian Czarnyszewicz has written the book "Nadberezyncy" about this village; Smolarnia was situated next to Krasny Brzeg in the Babrujsk district, property of the Korzeniewski family and also of Wincenty Stanislaw Koziell Poklewski - he was born 1853 and died 1929, son of Alfons Koziell Poklewski 1810 - 1890, member of the State Administration of Trade 1907 - 1912 according to Tatiana Pietrovna Mosunov and he was related to Hotowski i.e. Gatovskij, Slotwinski from Ravanicy and Malkiewicz, too; Uminski family was related to Sarnecki (or Sarneckis from Skierniow estate in the Trakai district) family with Slepowron arms.

After 10 years, I need specifies the base of the Krasny Brzeg village and the village of Smolarnia. Krasny Brzeg is situated in an area of Zlobin that is now the Gomel Province. Here is a palace of Koziell-Poklewski. Smolarnia / Smalarnia is a village in Belarus, a former Polish nobility locality, located in Mogilev Province at present, in the area of Kliczow / Klitshev, 3.5 km to the south-west of Kliczow, next to Niaseta / Niesety, Budniewo, about 30 km south - west of Miezonka. The village is sheltered from the north by forest. Smolarnia and its people during 1905-1920 is describes by Florian Czarnyszewicz.

4.
counties Zarako Zarakowski
i.e. the Zarokovskij family e.g. during war 1878 - 1879; properties: Holubovo palace, Kniazievo village and the great Svolna / Swolna estate -
KNIAZIEWO is situated 5 km south-east to HOLUBOWO; ca 19 east to DRYSSA; south-east to Kochanowicze; south to the Swolna farm
- the chief military state prosecutor of communistic Poland (after - see http://konstantynowicz.info/September_1939 - 1939 P. O. W. in Russia and next Military Attorney in Warsaw / Attorney General) and Soviet general, count Stanislaw Zarako Zarakowski was born here in 1909 or November 1907; neighbourhood of them: Lipski Jan who was the noble marshal of the Vicebsk government, Alina Rykow, Maryia Zabiella, famous Czerski by 1835, Szczyt since 1725, Rudomin, Korsak, Dluzniewski; Jan Zaraka(o) - Zarakowski b. 21.02.1857, Russian general, stayed in Vicebsk in June 1918, next Polish division general 1923, d. in Warsaw before 1934 according to T. Kryska-Karski; Soviet and Polish general Boleslaw Zarako - Zarakowski was chief of the main staff of the Polish People Army in 1944, b. in Polack 1894.

5.
Zbieranowski
in Igumen, Berazino (Michal born Berezino in 1882 son of Jozef Zbieranowski and his wife Zofia nee Witkowski, after Bobrujsk, Sluck and Riga / Ryga 1899 - 1904), Riga and Miezonka; they were relations of Sarnecki (or Sarneckis) family with Slepowron arms.

6.
Szostak,
Miezonka and (acquaintances of Raczkiewicz) Babrujsk = Bobruisk or Bobruysk.

7.
Konstantynowicz
in Miezonka, Petersburg, Svolna = Svol'na or Swolna, Krycau, Daugavpils, Kovalki, Riga, Omsk, Borovina.
8.
Pilecki,
Pileckis with Leliwa arms in the Vilna region in 1632 and the Trakai district in 1648, Navahrudak in 1674; first information of 1484 and 1511; they verified the Swan coat of arms in Vilnius and Kaunas in 1807, and also the family possessed a farmland near by Lida and close to an estate of Marshal Edward Rydz Smigly west of Lida in the thirties of the 20th cent.

Stankiewicz -
The Stankiewicz ancestry with the Wadwicz coat of arms lived in the Minsk and Mscislau provinces, according to Kasper Niesiecki, vol. 8 (among others 1648 and 1661) as early as the 17th century; the Mazyr district, the province of Polack A.D. 1674. They were related to Kotowski and Oginski families. According to Jan Ciechanowicz, vol. 5, p. 134 - 135: Stankiewicz or Stankevicius of the Mogila, Boncza and Wadwicz coats of arms; they were near related to Bilewicz (or Billewicz) family from Samaites at the turn of the 16th century. There are information about Jan Stankiewicz in Samaites and Vilna A.D. 1635 and about Michal and Adam Mikolaj here in 1648; Jan Mikolaj from Raseiniai region in 1646, and also Kazimierz in 1658; about Stefan from the Minsk province in 1697 and Adam Stankiewicz in Samaites 1788. They verified the Mogila coat of arms on March 16th, 1835 and derived from Samaites territory in Lithuania. Here they owned Raseiniai in 1535 and next moved to Vilkmerge district (Kirbutiszki and Krekszle farms). The noble Stankiewicz family with the Wadwicz coat of arms came of the Orsa district, and next in the Asmjany one, also the Minsk province and the Mscislau one. They verified the Wadwicz coat of arms in Minsk on February 25th, 1828; besides they lived in the Braslau region.

The Stankiewicz family from Przydrusk village near by Daugavpils was related to colonel Jan Stankiewicz.

Przydrusk = Przydrujsk or Piedruja in the former Grand duchy of Lithuania, and Latvia now, 44 km West of Malkiewicz's Old Svolna = Stara Swolna; Jan Stankiewicz born 04.04.1862 in Vilna / Wilno as son of Franciszek Stankiewicz with the Mogila coat of arms and Pelagia nee Sienkiewicz, got married to Maria Odrowaz in 1886 and next as colonel served and lived in Riga / Ryga 1887 - 1909 / 1910 and possesed the Awocin property in Latvia to c. 1910; the friend of parents of minister Jozef Beck from Riga and acquaintance of Jozef Pilsudski in August 1919 in Wilno; the relation of Butrym family. Colonel Jan Stankiewicz was Polish educational activist and freedom fighter within the Pilsudski undercover movement before 1910 in Riga.

Colonel Jan Stankiewicz had withdrawn from the Russian Army on 01.01.1918, and the Bolsheviks assented to this discharge on 28.02.1918; reunion with family in Smolensk after January 1918; and next after settled himself in Vilna / Wilno / Vilnius in 1918 or maybe spring 1919. But he served for the Polish Army just since April 1919 and as brigade-general in October 1923; died in Milanowek near to Warsaw in December 1945.

Spychalski -
The Spychalski family from Lodz, worked in a garage of Andrzejak at the beginning of the 20th century and they were acquainted with Pilsudski.

Jerzy Konstantynowicz either Marian Konstantynowicz or Marian Stankiewicz with nick-name Colonel Siedlecki in Grodno in September 1939.
My grandfather was a regular; at first he learnt in the secondary school in Mahileu by the river Dnjapro, next a real school in PARNU / Pernau / Parnawa (the Livland government, and Estonia present) and the Naval Corps (or at the Petrograd Naval College = the Naval War College; Course of Navigation Officers 1912 - December 1916) in St Petersburg and he first served in the Kronstadt Stronghold (the Bureau of Navy Transport - in a navigation ensign capacity, i.e. concretly "pra'porchik", this is a temporary rank, about equivalent to Sub-Lieut., R.N.R. in British Navy, one 1/2-inch gold stripe without curl - Dec. 1916 / March 1917); during the First World War he escaped on powerboat from the Kronstadt Stronghold to Tallinn (Reval = Revel, the capital of autonomous Estonia = Estland since March 1917) with Estonian engineer Jansen and stayed here since April by June of 1917; next in Petrograd by November 1917;
during the fighting between the "whites" and "reds" after the Bolshevik Revolution towards the end of 1917 (Minsk - here in December 1917 - and at a later date Bychau = Bychow) by summer 1918 my grandfather Marian or Jerzy Konstantynowicz served for secret service of anti-revolutionary White Corps under general Dowbor Musnicki (a troop under command of engineer Wroblewski - who later worked in an armoury in Pionki in the thirties of the 20th century keeping in touch with the Wankowicz family still - recognized Mahileu and Babrujsk) and fought (Orsa = Orscha, Rahacou - 4th infantry regiment, the 1st Division of Polish Rifles, Hradzianka / Grodsjanka - North of Ossipowitschi Mahilyow google satellite maps) against the Bolsheviks for freedom of this country; he carried out duties of courier (Minsk, Babrujsk, Barysau) for the Polish Women Rings;
next in the Civil Guard of the Minsk Government and the Government of Mahileu;
- then met the family of Wankowicz (quod vide Appendix D about this family) in Old Kaluzyca = Kaluzyn because Mr. Witold "Tolo" Wankowicz was chief of the Union of Weapon in the Ihumen district -
autonomous section of the Polish Military Organization.
And my grandfather was courier between the Luboszany (= Libuschany) estate and Kaluzyca in fall 1918; see: Berezyna ; here you can to acquaint with information about former Ihumen district and with data on the Polish in the parish of Berezino; it's a large part devoted to Polish senior officers in Tsarist Army and which next served for the 1st Polish Corps in Belarus in 1917 - 1918;
my grandfather was near to general Wejtko (ensign of orderly in Minsk and Vilna 1918) in the Self-defence of Lithuania and Belarus;
- after the collapse of tsarist Russia, Poland regained its independence after 123 years of foreign rule and he was professional officer in the intelligence service of Polish Army
(namely IInd Bureau of the General Staff - determination according to "The Secret Story of SOE (...)" by W. J. M. Mackenzie, U.K. 2000, p. 312; 04 December 1918 he owned document in Marian Konstantynowicz name but he wasn't this person surely over military service in voluntary Lithuanian - Byelorussian Division) 1918 - 1947; military oath in Vilna on December 29th, 1918 during defense of the town against Soviet troops; the 77th Kovno Regiment next; he served when Poland was fighting with the Bolsheviks in defense of its independence (1919 - 1920).

The LIDA garrison (the barracks had name of Marshal Edward Rydz Smigly; the 77th Infantry Regiment handed over an estate to the Marshal west of Lida near by a farmland of famous Pilecki family; a pilot and the pioneer of Polish air force Witold Worbek Lettaw from Lithuania (the Lettowt family was verified in the Kaunas government in 1844 - 1847 and in Vilna on 03.05.1827 as Letowt; also as Letovt Vorbek or von Lettow Vorbeck, v. Lettow-Vorbeck, Lettow von Vorbek) acted in this garrison) by morning 18 - 09 - 1939; my grandfather at the night 17 / 18 September 1939 co-organized burning of the LIDA garrison's documentation and next was in Landwarow (= Lentvaris) on September 19th, 1939, ZAWIASY, probably arrived at the Rudziszki (= Rudiskes) station and to Grodno 20th September 1939. He gone on Lithuania on September 21st (= Litauen; was interned and after registered at the Vievis station 21st September 1939; see more information about Polish September 1939: http://konstantynowicz.info) 1939; he was in camps for prisoners of war in: Palanga, relocated to Vilkaviskis, Ponoj (= Ponoi in USSR Karta), Archangel / Archangelsk and Viazniki / at the Wjasniki station (here in August 1941; that is the Jusha camp = Jusk);
In September 1941 - May 1947 Army of general Anders. 1947 - 1948 emigre from Italy to ARGENTINA. I think he lived after in New Mexico, too. I am unclear about where he died; he used pseudonym Stankiewicz as though a second surname.

We stayed in St Petersburg and Moscow - "Duflon, Konstantynowicz & Co." abbreviated as DEKA:

Grand Duke Alexander Mikhailovich - Sandro / Sasho was a key figure in the development of the Russian air force; well-bred in Georgia / Sakartvelo.

Grand Duke Mikhail Nikolayevich born 13 / 25 October 1832 in Peterhof, Field Marshal and on December 6, 1862 was appointed governor in the Caucasus and commander the Caucasian Army, with all rights chief of the army to July 23, 1881. Initiator of the compilation of the 'Caucasian Collection', published in Tiflis in 1876-1912. In marriage he had six sons and one daughter, among others Alexander Mikhailovich (Sandro), b. 01 April 1866 in Tbilisi died 1933, Nice, France: Chief of the Commercial navigation and ports (1902-1905), during the First World war was in charge of the aviation in the army: paid much attention to the development of aviation industry in Russia, on his initiative, established flight schools, began preparing the first national flight training and 1914 appointed head of the organization of aviation business in the armies. Mason, and called himself Philalethes. Receiving education at home in Georgia, often went for long voyages: 1886 - 1889 made a voyage round the world on the corvette 'Rynda' and in 1890 - 91, at his own yacht 'Tamara' traveled to India, described in his journals. In 1892 he commanded the destroyer 'Revel', in 1895, was a senior officer of a battleship and in 1899, on the battleship 'Admiral Apraksin', then transferred to the Black Sea Fleet, where he commanded the battleship 'Rostislav'. With the beginning of the 1st World War, in fact, led the fleet of Russia. In 1915, Admiral, with the December 1916 field inspector - general of military aircraft; after February 1917 was in the Crimea, and in 1919 went into exile. Since 1903 an honorary member of the Nikolaev Naval Academy, was also the chairman of the Eng. Technical Society. In exile, was the honorary chairman of the Union of Russian military pilots and he was the patron of the National Organization for Russian scouts. He was in France in 1909 and next established the Volunteer Aerial Association under his presidency (All Russian Aero Club) and set up the first military aviation school in Sebastopol in 1909 or 1910 - finally formed at Sevastopol (Sebastopol) for the winter 1912 and in Gatchina for the summer 1912; near to Russian military intelligence. The Duke, Freemason, Vice-Admiral was appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Military Air Fleet in 1914 or 1915 and he became Inspector of Aviation; aide-de-camp to Nicholas II, an old friend of the Tsar and married to his sister Xenia.

In 1892, at the beginning Louis Franzevich Dyuflon founded technical office in the 2nd half of the 19th century in Moscow. L. Duflon / Dyuflon and Apollon Konstantynowicz acted in the St. Petersburg branch of the 'Breguet' Company (A. Konstantynowicz / Apollon Konstantinovich / Constantinovich for the Breguet Moscow branch). At present the Montres Breguet SA is a member company of the Swatch Group of western Switzerland in L'Abbaye (L'Abbaye is a municipality in the canton of Vaud, Switzerland; around 30 km north - west of Lausanne). It was founded by Abraham-Louis Breguet in Paris in 1775.


Karol Jozef Czapski leased Miezonka in Belarus, from Stefania Julia Radziwill Chrapowicka Oskierka, 1832 - 1842 [then Stanislaw CZAPSKI, 1779-1844 / 1845]; then Miezonka was the Konstantynowiczs estate (in the BEREZYNA Ihumenska parish; see: Breguet in Kazan and Armand in Moscow) since 1842 [Dominik Konstantynowicz].

Ancestors of ours
- Piotr Konstantynowicz who was born c. 1610 in the Minsk province; he lived in the Mscislau province A.D. 1669;
- Augustin / Augustyn Rokoz Konstantynowicz (Augustyn Konstantynowicz was a clerk of the Lithuanian military confederation since 1661 by 1667 and after a special envoy of Michal Pac to Moscow to ask tsar Aleksei / Aleksey to put up his son Feodor / Fiodor III as a candidate to Polish election; the municipal and territorial writer in the Mscislau province, born c. 1635, had died 1713 or before 1713);
- Adam Konstantynowicz of 1697;
- Krzysztof Konstantynowicz in 1697;
- Adam Franciszek Konstantynowicz A.D. 1707.

- Franciszek Rohoza Konstantynowicz near of kin with Holynski family from Soino (either Big Soino or Voronove Slobody near by a farm of Mielkovka = Mietkowka), and his siblings and Hurko family also (from Krotowsza otherwise called Krynki or Krotovshe that belonged to Romejko - Hurko family in the Orsa district) were in trouble for this reason with Holynski (Kazimierz son of Stefan Kazimierz Holynski from Chlyszczewo i.e. Chwostowo close by border between Belarus and Russia, from Soino and Uszpol) family after 1714.

The above Soino is situated 18 km east away from Mscislau, at territory of Russia now i.e. 7 km from present border; it was the Grand duchy of Lithuania 1359 - 1772 and next in Russia: the Mstislavl district, Soino region = "volost" that is similar to county, in a parish of Mscislau (archbishopric of Mahileu, in the Mscislau - Klimavicy catholic area were three parishes: Lozovica, Mscislau and Smolensk in the 19th cent.); one our leg lived in the territory of present Belarus, but the second one stood at the present land of Russia in borders after 1992. A fortunes of Poles in this remote easterly territories of the former Both Nations Republic turned out differently than by Vistula, because not a few Poles had got to choose military service in the Russian Army since the end of the 18th cent. or they worked as engineers in different corners of former Russia since second half of the 19th century.

- Antoni Konstantynowicz b. ca 1730/1735, signed the Second Manifesto of Lithuanian Nobility in 1763;

- Dominik Konstantynowicz was born in the Mahileu (either Mogiliow or Mogiljow by Dnepr, Mogilev = Mahilyow by Dnieper, Moghilev) Government in Russia near by Krycau / Krychaw c. 1800/1805.

Ivan Vernadsky born 24 or 26 May / 5 or June 7, New Style, 1821 in Kiev - died 26 or 27 March / 7 or 8 April on the Gregorian calendar, 1884 in St. Petersburg,
the father of Vladimir Vernadsky,
the grandfather of George Vernadsky.

The first Ivan's wife died in ten years after the marriage, leaving him a son, Nicholas Vernadsky.
The second time, Ivan Vernadsky marries her cousin - the daughter of Ukrainian landowner Anna Petrovna Konstantynowicz, teacher of music and singing.

The genealogy of above named Anna Petrowna Konstantynowicz / Konstantinovich married Vernadsky / Vernadskij (Anna became the wife of Professor Ivan Vernadsky): b. November 11, 1837 in Kiev / Kyiv in Ukraine and died on November 7, 1898;
her mother Victoria nee Martynov / Wiktoria MARTYNOW, second voto KRASNICKA, and Wiktoria was born aft. 1796 and died on December 6, 1862 in Kiev, she was the daughter of Major Russian army Martynow, her second husband - Krasnicki.

Anna's father: Piotr Konstantynowicz, the son of Krzysztof Konstantynowicz, b. 1785 (date 1795 was error) and died on October 9, 1850 in Kiev, Baykove cemetery;
Anna's brothers and sisters from Victoria nee Martynow:
Pawel,
Lew Konstantynowicz,
Elena,
Iwan - Jan Konstantynowicz,
Zofia - Sofija,
Wladymir,
Aleksandr,
Aleksandr second,
Elizawieta,
Piotr older,
Piotr younger.

Above Krzysztof Konstantynowicz / Christofor Konstantinovich / Hristophor Constantinovich was born 1741, with the Fox coat of arms, probably came from the Mscislau / Mscislaw territory / ex-Mscislav province. He died 1786.
His father Anastazy Konstantynowicz,
a son of Kostia Konstantynowicz that is Konstantyn Konstantynowicz.

Anastazy Konstantynowicz born ca 1710 / 1720 and died before 1784.
Konstantyn Konstantynowicz (Kostia) born ca 1690.

The Konstantynowicz ancestry with the Fox coat of arms (1534) come from Michno Konstantynowicz of the Lida and the Mereczanka river (1552 and 1554) area on the border of Lithuania and Belarus. Konstantinovich hasn't the Cossack or the Greek origin.

It was a legend only about Greek Konstantinovich Anastasius of 1784 who moved from Rumelia - Macedonia today, first to Nizhyn, and then to Pereyaslav-Khmelnitsky; served to the Pereyaslav regiment in 1756. A legend was about the beginning of the Konstantynowicz family. Many said that our family (ancestry) has come from the BALKANS according to "Gutenberg Encyclopaedia" (volume 8); many said that the ancestry had got to descent from Serbian ancestor (janczar), who was Turkish soldier 1455 - 1463, who was afterwards in Poland (that is since 1470 or 1471); he has written memoirs here (1490-1516 or rather 1496 - 1501) about title "(...) the Turkish chronicle (...)". A copy was in the Sapieha Archive. More inf. on the same Turkish soldier - Michal Konstantynowicz in F. Bujak, "Studia geograf.-hist.", p. 129 - 134. The main editions of "(...) the Turkish chronicle (...)" in 1828 and 1912 misleaded many of our ancestors. The Kibalczyc family i.e. Kibalcicas have got a legend that tell us about an ancestor from Serbia - the family moved out to the Chernigov province in the Grand duchy of Lithuania in the 17th century - the legend it's mistake, too. The Konstantynowicz family near by Perejaslav has got the Fox coat of arms.

Somebody (owned Fox coat of arms according to an armorial of 1914; territory of Russia in the 18th cent., 78 km SE of Kiev) among Cossacks in 1756 in Pereyaslav.
Anastazy Konstantynowicz (born ca 1710 / 1720 - d. before 1784) probably escaped from Poland to Russia before 1756 (ca 1740) and after he was a Commissioner Regiment (1759-60) among Cossacks.
His son Christopher Anastasiyovych Konstantynowicz (1741-1786; he is next of kin to Antoni Konstantynowicz b. ca 1730/1735, of the Mscislau branch - the line to Dominik Konstantynowicz of MEZHONKA, b. ca 1800/1805) served to the first regiment of Pereyaslav and was centurion (1770-81),
the grandson Peter Hristoforovich (1785-1850) was Major General (1848), commander of Kyiv. artyler. Garrison (1836-48)
and the great-grandson Alexander P. Jr. (1825/1828/1832-1903) was Lieutenant General (1889) and the Governor of the Turgay region (1878-83), Bessarabian governor (1883-99).

This ancestry submitted to the 2nd and 3rd parts of the nobility book of Kiev province in Russia.
Source: 'The Armorial of Little Russia ... Chernigov Governorate', (and Heorhiy Narbut).

Peter Hristoforovich Konstantinovich b. 1785, was Major General of the Russian army 1848. Grandfather of historian George Vernadsky. Peter Hristoforovich was a soldier to 1849. General Konstantinovich had 13 children, five of them died infants. Some of the children were also military. The greatest success in this field has achieved son Alexander Konstantynowicz b. 1825/1828/1832. Peter / Piotr Konstantynowicz participated in many military campaigns of the Russian army: in 1812 near Smolensk and the Battle of Borodino. From 1836 he was commander of the Kiev garrison artillery. 1838 taken a possession in the Pereyaslavl county of the Kiev province.

Vernadsky Ivan was a teacher of Russian literature in high school; in 1847, in St. Petersburg, Ivan V. defended a master's degree thesis; after at the University of St. Vladimir; in 1850 he was transferred to the same department in Moscow University and was here from 1851 until 1856 as full professor; in the village Giant Shishaki in Poltava government Vernadsky had got a mansion, where all the family was living in summer.

ANNA Konstantynowicz / Konstantinowicz / Konstantinovich Anna Petrovna was a daughter of Brigadier-General Piotr H. Konstantinovich / Konstantynowicz (b. ca 1785) and was the second wife of Ivan Vasilyevich Vernadsky.
Anna Petrovna, nee Konstantinovich / Konstantynowicz born 1837 - died 1898.

H. Konstantinovich, the son of Christofor / Hristofor Konstantinovich that is Krzysztof Konstantynowicz (here was error: Henryk, Gawrila, Havrila) born 1741.

Anna's brother, Ivan Petrovich Konstantynowicz / Jan son of Piotr Konstantynowicz b. 1818 died 1877, a professional Navy officer, after a cadet school - 1834 he achieved Captain 1st Rank in 1868, in 1875 he served in the Caucasian Army, died in Tiflis. Owned estates in the province of Poltava, the Pereyaslavl County, Voitovtsy village.

Above Ivan's daughter, Alexandra Ivanovna Konstantynowicz born 1848 and died after 1912, was wife of L. N. Modzalevsky.

Above Ivan's another daughter Victoria Ivanovna Konstantynowicz, b. 1846, died 1899 or 1900; in 1867, she married M. P. Rehbinder, and after second husband O. E. Weimar.

Sister of Ivan Petrovich was Elizabeth Konstantynowicz married Mr Neyolov / Nieelov 1824 - 1889.
Her daughter Lydia A. Neyolov, who died at a old age in Kiev during the German occupation in 1941 / 1942.

Another sister of Ivan -
Helena Petrovna Konstantynowicz with her husband Kravchenko who was born 1831 and he was died no earlier than 1909, married to Kravchenko in 1859, lived in Piryatin.

Ivan's brother Alexander Petrovich Konstantynowicz was General-lieutenant, General-Governor of Bessarabia in Kishiniev 30 July 1883 to 4 July 1899. The Rogge noble family was close friends with the family Konstantinovich and Ippolit Rogge / Hippolytus born March 2, 1853 in Kerch, colonel in 1909, was baptized March 7, 1853 in St. John Church of Kerch; godfather - Lieutenant Adjutant Ivan Konstantinovich / Jan Konstantynowicz, the son of Piotr Konstantynowicz from Kercz / Kerch. All - Orthodox. A General List of noble families of Bessarabia includes the name of the Konstantynowicz Alexander in 1893 from the Poltava province.

Ivan Vernadsky b. 1821 was a grandson of Ivan Nikiforovich Vernadsky (b. ca 1770), which was recorded in the local book of the Chernigov governorship as a gentleman, graduated from the Kiev seminary, was a priest of the village Tserkovschina.
Ivan Vernadsky b. 1821 was a son of a doctor Vasil or Basil Ivanovich Vernadsky and his wife Ekaterina Yakovlevna; in 1856 - 1867 worked at the Ministry of Internal Affairs; professor of Main Pedagogical Institute 1857 - 1859, St. Petersburg Institute of Technology 1864 - 1868, professor of political economy at Kiev and Moscow universtities and moved to Kharkov, where he served as manager of the Kharkiv office of the State Bank until his resignation in 1876.
His first wife Maria Shigaevo, 1831-1860.
His second wife, Anna Petrovna, nee Konstantinovich / Konstantynowicz, 1837 - 1898.
Children:
Nicholas 1851 (by first wife) - 1874;
Olga -
her grandson, Rynda Alekseev Dmitry Borisovich b. 1917 - 1941 ?, a student at the Leningrad Textile Institute, in July 1941, was missing;
Catherine was married to Korolenko;
Vladimir 1863 - 1945, his granddaughter was married to Fokin, Anatoly Mikhailovich 1892 - 1979.

LEW Modzalevsky / Leo / Lev, 1837 - 1896, the teacher, a graduate of History and Philology of St. Petersburg University. He worked in the schools of St. Petersburg and Tiflis / Tbilisi, the author of many works on pedagogy. His wife Alexandra Ivanovna nee Konstantynowicz was born 1848.

Mikhail P. Rehbinder, he studied at the St. Petersburg School of Jurisprudence and worked at the Law Faculty of the University; he lived in an estate Lyadno in the Novgorod province; he was trying to create together with peasants agricultural co-operative in his estate in the Novgorod province; he left his family and went to the USA in 1909;
his wife Victoria Konstantynowicz, b. 1846, the daughter of Ivan / Jan Konstantynowicz b. ca 1790;
her son Alexander Konstantynowicz b. ca 1870 ?, died d. 1906.

Weimar Orest E., b. 1845 died 1885, prominent physician in St. Petersburg, the owner of orthopedic clinics; populist, organized the escape of Kropotkin from prison in 1876 acc. to 'Notes of a revolutionary' by Kropotkin; he was arrested in 1879 and sentenced to 15 years in prison; it was the Russian-Turkish war period and this prison shortened to 10 years; he died in prison at Kara;
his wife Victoria Konstantynowicz, the daughter of Jan / Ivan Konstantinovich / Konstantynowicz [Jan Konstantynowicz maybe was born ca 1790 and came from Antoni Konstantynowicz b. ca 1730/1735, of the Mscislau province] - Wiktoria Konstantynowicz was b. 1846 and died in 1899 / 1900.

Kravchenko Ivan Ilyich 1829-1890, a assessor in 1867, lived and died in Piryatin in the Poltava area;
his wife Helena Petrovna Konstantynowicz, the daughter of Piotr Konstantynowicz, she was born 1831 and died no earlier than 1909; her son - probably not only one - Sergey.

Alexander Konstantynowicz, the son of Piotr Konstantynowicz / Petr. Aleksander b. ca 1825/1828/1832, died 1903, was a professional soldier, in service since 1846, an artilleryman; the Colonel in 1867, Major-General in 1877, Lieutenant-General in 1889; conquest of Khiva in 1873, in 1878 to 1883 he was the military governor of Orenburg, and Commander of Turgay region; since 1883 to 1899 - Governor of Bessarabia, since 1889 member of the Minister of the Interior; awards Anne 1st Class, Vladimir 2nd degree, the White Eagle; his wife since 1856 Ilyashenko Sophia Antonovna 1840 d. 1896.
Some of his children:
Olga b. 1858 or 1860 and died ?, the daughter of Alexander P. Konstantynowicz, in 1878 she married Andrei Ivanovich Schmidt, who served in the Orenburg district court; she emigrated to Paris and USA.
Michal Konstantynowicz / Michael b. 1860 and died in 1902, he was a district marshal of the nobility in Kovno Province in 1899,
his children:
Xenia nee Konstantynowicz b. 1889,
Natalia nee Konstantynowicz born 1894,
Catherine / Katarzyna the daughter of Alexander b. 1863 died in 1942, in 1885 she married P. A. Galenkovski, and after her divorce in 1905 she married L. N. Chernoyarov;
her daughter from her first marriage, Elizabeth married Suprunov;
Sofia nee Konstantynowicz, b. 1864 died 1942, in 1886 she married E. A. Mamchich, before the Revolution she was living in Chisinau - the Kremenchug area;
Natalia nee Konstantynowicz 1867 d. 1938?, in 1889, she married Jerzy Bulacel / Gregory Pavlovich Bulatsel;
Constantine / Konstantyn Konstantynowicz born 1869 and died no earlier than 1917, a son of Aleksander P. Konstantynowicz, in the 90s of the 19th cent. he served in the office in the Bessarabian Province, the Akkerman district, in 1904 member of the Ufa provincial office on Peasant Affairs, he had property - land in the Sterlitamak county of the Ufa province (all inf. about Konstantyn Konstantynowicz need to be check).

Ilyashenko Sophia Antonovna b. 1840 d. 1896, was daughter of a captain; her husband since 1856 was Alexander P. Konstantynowicz, 1832-1903.

Mamchich Eugene A. / Eugeniusz Mamczicz, b. 1849, died 1917?, state councilor in 1908, not later than 1905, was elected to a honorary magistrate in Kremenchug county in the Poltava province.

Bulacel / Bulatsel Jerzy / Grigory P., died in 1908, in 1899 the Chairman of the Vilnius Regional Court;
his wife Natalia Konstantynowicz, 1867 - 1938?

Vladimir Ivanovich Vernadsky born February 28 / March 12, 1863 in St. Petersburg and died January 6, 1945 in Moscow, from the nobility, he was Russian scientist and encyclopedist, humanist, an expert in the field of Earth Sciences, philosopher and social activist, the member of the St. Petersburg Imperial Academy of Sciences, first president of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences.
Once in October 1905, the Board of the University of Moscow, headed by Professor Vladimir Ivanovich Vernadsky (Vernadsky's mother was from the Konstantynowiczs of the Fox coat of arms) admitted women to listening of lectures, and Inessa Armand has made payment and went to law school.
In June 1907, Comrade Inessa confirmed the intention to be student, but instead of studying at university she had to go for exile with Vladimir Armand - with help of Poles. In late October 1908 she managed to escape.

We back to Vladimir Ivanovich Vernadsky:
his mother, Anna Petrovna Konstantynowicz (1837 - 1898),
the father - Ivan Vernadsky (1821 - 1884), professor of political economy.

Letters by V. Vernadsky published in 2003 by Russian. In 1928 Vernadsky was at the University in Prague, 1928 on trip to Germany and Norway, research work in Germany, France, the Netherlands and Czechoslovakia, 1933 / 1934 Vernadsky was on a business trip to France, England and Czechoslovakia.
Vladimir Ivanovich Vernadsky in 1886 married Natalya Staritskaya (1862 - 1943), with whom he lived for more than 56 years; had two children - son Jerzy / George V. Vernadsky (1887 - 1973), professor of Russian history (lived in Perm; after in exile in Czechoslovakia and USA, since 1927 prof. Yale Univ.), the daughter Nina Vernadskaya - Toll (1898 - 1985 or 1986), a psychiatrist, both died in exile in the United States.

Nina Vernadskaya Toll / Nina V. Toll-Vernadskaya was second wife of Toll Nikolai Petrovich / Nicholas P., an orientalist archaeologist and art historian. His first marriage to Olga Petrovna Toll nee Syromyatnikov, both Orthodox on 17 August 1917 in a garrison of Samarkand, and cancel on November 9, 1925.
Toll Nikolai Petrovich (1894 - 1975), member of a volunteer army of the 1st Kuban Ice campaign, in the armed forces in the south of Russia before evacuation of the Crimea. In exile in Gallipoli, after in Czechoslovakia. On January 10, 1926 in Prague,
married Nina Vladimirovna Vernadsky b. 1898, the daughter of Professor V. I. Vernadsky. Since 1939 in the United States, occupied the chair of Iranian studies at Yale University.

Vernadskaya Toll Nina b. 1898, in 1922 - 1939 lived in Prague, and later the United States.
Toll Tatiana born 1929, the granddaughter of Vernadsky.

Von Toll family, the noble family of Baltic Germans, had the title of baron, from Reval now Tallinn in the province of Estonia, Russian Empire and Dorpat now Tartu.

Among relatives and next of kins of my Mscislau branch appeared the Zarako Zarakowski family in the second half of 19th cent. and in the 20th cent.;

the Spychalski family was related to kinsmen of our lineage at the turn of the 20th century and in the middle of the 20th cent.;

the Jaroszewicz family had connection to our line in the middle of the 20th cent.
(the Jaroszewicz house derived from the Vicebsk province and had Prus the 1st arms, they possessed here the Ostupiszcze estate from Gruzewski family since 1710 to the end of the 18th cent.; Jerzy Piotr Jaroszewicz with Kwaczynski nickname was an officer here in 1713 - 1714 and somebody here in 1716; related to Kownacki, Rymaczewski and Kopakowski according to Jan Ciechanowicz, vol. 3;
among others several of the Jaroszewiczs died in Old Bychow in 1655; priest Manuel Jaroszewicz in Sluck A.D. 1666, Roman Jaroszewicz in Mahileu in 1682, and Jan Jaroszewicz in Vilna 1720 - 1722, another Jan Jaroszewicz and also his son Jan lived in Szaule near by Mejszagola in 1753, Ludwik Jaroszewicz lived in the Mscislau province in 1764; the Jaroszewiczs were related to Jankowski, Olszewski and Chodasiewicz families in the Dzisna district and also they served Radzivill family in the Minsk government at the turn of the 20th cent.; Dmitrij Jaroszewicz son of Konstantin JAROSZEWICZ, Russian admiral);

the Swierczewski family was near socially associated with us, for instance in the sixtieth of the 20th century to my grandmother Zofia Konstantynowicz nee Plaszczewska, came from the Pilecki family; Zofia died in Lodz.

Some Generals, Prime Minister, the Head of State and one marshal of the communistic Poland - creators of the Soviet transitory administration 1943 / 1990 - derived from these families. Relatives of our Konstantynowicz branch kept in touch with Jozef Pilsudski, Michal Zymierski and Wladyslaw Sikorski at the moment in the first half of the 20th century - marshals and General with different political views.

It wonder that three Marshals and General - military prosecutor died with natural death but three remaining Generals died with tragic one. Generals of communistic People Polish Army: Karol Swierczewski, Piotr Jaroszewicz and Marian Spychalski (later on the Marshal) in the fourties of the 20th century were deputies of Michal Zymierski - Marshal and communistic Minister of Defense. The genealogy of my Mscislau "inlet" of the Konstantynowicz ancestry point out long and strong connections with the Imperial Russian Army and Russian military intelligence since the seventies of the nineteenth century and after when they served in tsarist Georgia / Sakartvelo but especial at the turn of the 20th century. It was the tsarist military technology intelligence at the beginning of the 20th century.

This connections fade away probably at the end of the 20th century. Anyway it relate to Poland only, and not to our easterly neighbours, e.g. Russia and Belarus. This is exciting subject for our family and to historians for the sake of connections with a couple of intelligences, and also it's the example of a genealogical tree on which based the important military structure of communist Poland for 50 years. Very broad, general information on these reciprocal connections was published for the first time in 2003 at my websites after researches ongoing 10 years and it was possible just after complete destruction of previous political system. Particular families of our ancestry didn't know mutually each other and they didn't know general image of this military genealogy up to 1995 (in piece) / 2003 (better in detail). This strange configuration in the genealogy and surprising family relationships give evidence to military service of somebody from our Konstantynowicz family in Soviet Union.

Miezonka
(my family was living also in Omsk after 1929: Viktoria / Wiktoria Konstantynowicz born 1870/71 or 1873/1875 -
a daughter of NN Konstantynowicz and Maria Trubecki / Troubetskoy;
she was probably sister of Wiktor Konstantynowicz from Tallinn but she was living in Miezonka with family of Antoni Konstantynowicz b. ca 1833, and Stanislaw Konstantynowicz;
in Omsk also Konstantynowicz Walery (i.e. Valerij), the son of Zygmunt Konstantynowicz (i.e. Sigizmund) and Eugeniusz Konstantynowicz / Evgenij / Jewgenij Konstantynowicz born 06. 12. 1982 in Omsk;

in Miezonka:
Burimsky Henry I. / Burzymski Henryk the son of Jan, born in 1906, Berezinsky region, lived in Mezhonka, the Zapolski region, Byalynichy district; arrested 02/23/1932 and 06/05/1932 sentenced to 3 years of labor camps, rehabilitated in 1989; next of kin Burimsky Ivan Vikentievich born in 1888, Berezinskii District and Burimsky Vincent I. who was born in 1876, Putkovo, Bobruisk district; Pole),
Petersburg, Svolna = Svol'na or Swolna, Krycau, Daugavpils, Kovalki, Riga, Moscow, Tallinn, Viljandi / Fellin, Omsk, Kazan and
(Pawel / Paul Konstantynowicz Adolfovich, b. 1885 in the Minsk Province, Igumen county, Borovin; Pole, individual peasant, place of residence: Tara district, M - Noble, Sibkraya after arrest on 02/10/1930, convicted 04/08/1930 at Sibkray on 5 years labor camp, sent to Siblag of the Omsk region,
source: Memorial Book of the Omsk Region.
See http://iberezino.ru/Represed2.html and http://iberezino.ru/Repressed10.html.
Also about Tomasz Konstantynowicz, the son of Ludwig Konstantynowicz / Thomas Lyudvigovich; born 01/01/1893, Borovin in the Berezinskii district, Pole, lived: Berezinski region, village Borovin / Borowina and arrested on September 25, 1937, sentenced: The Commission and the Prosecutor of the NKVD of the USSR December 17, 1937 for espionage, verdict: he was shot January 19, 1938 and place of burial - Cherven. Rehabilitated April 29, 1989 by the military prosecutor.
We know now that Ludwig Konstantynowicz with the Fox coat of arms was born ca 1850 / 1860)
Borovina [my relatives in the Pila county].

Following Konstanty Konstantynowicz / Konstantin Konstantynowicz, the son of Alexandr Konstantynowicz / Aleksander Konstantynowicz. Aleksander Konstantynowicz b. 1825/1828/1832. Konstantyn Konstantynowicz b. in Riga A.D. 1869 and died in Uzkoje estate ("Narrowly") near by Moscow = Moskva in 1924, he was member of the Ufa government office 1904 - 1917 in Baschkirische / Bashkortostan region [Aleksander b. ca 1828/1832 was living in RIGA],
married Wiera Puszkin in 1894 - she was born 1871,
the daughter of Anatol Puszkin (1846 - 1905)
and grandchild of
Elzbieta Zagrazski (Russian noble house of Zagrashskije, for the first time information in 1493 - 1503. Jelisaveta Aleksandrovna Zagrjasjkaja / Zagrazski b. 15 December 1821, d. 9 April 1898) and Lev Puszkin
(b. 1805 - died in Odessa 1852, who was brother of famous writer; when Pushkin was young he communicated in French, not Russian, and he also wrote his first poetry in French. This Puszkin branch emigrated to Venezuela.

Major-General of the gendarmerie (counterintelligence and being the successor in office of Benkendorf; General Dubelt, Staff Commander of the Corps of Gendarmes 1835-1856) Leonti V. Dubbelt / von Dubelt
was an owner of the factory Kuvshinovo, Tver region; he enjoyed high confidence and patronage of the king.

Von Dubelt, Leonti Vasilyevich / Leonti Wassiljewitsch Dubelt (b. 1792 died 1862), born into a family of Vasily Ivanovich Dubbelt by his wife - Mary Grigorievna Shperter vel Medina Celli, Princess;
his brother Peter, Colonel.

Von Dubelt is the German noble family from Livonia since the beginning of the 18th century.

Ivan Dubbelt entered the Russian service. His sons, Vasily and Mikhail Dubbelt.

Above Leonti V. Dubbelt married Anna Nikolaevna Persian nee Mordvinov in 1818. In marriage, had two sons:
Nicholas / Nikolai (1819-1874)
and Michail / Michael (1822-1900).

Michael Leontievich was Lieutenant-General (1897). Dubbelt / Dubelt Michael or Michail Leontievich who was born February 8, 1822 in Kiev, Russian cavalry Major General, he was commandant of the Tiflis Alexandropol / Aleksandrapol fortress 1887-1890.
His first wife Nataly / Natalia Puszkin / Natalja Aleksandrovna Pushkin since 1853, born May 23 / 4 Jun 1836 in St. Petersburg, was the daughter of Alexander Pushkin, poet.
This son - M. Dubelt in 1860, lost above named Kuvshinovo factory in gambler to hands of Peter Troubetzkoy Nikitich b. 1826 died 1880, the leader of the provincial nobility
(Prince Troubetzkoy in 1869 sold it to Michael Gavrilovich Kuvshinov;
his father Nikita Petrovich Trubetskoy, b. August 18, 1804
and his grandfather Peter S. Troubetzkoy / Trubetskoy born 1760:
a daughter of Alexander Gruzinsky - Princess Darejan or Daria Aleksandrovna Gruzinskaya died 1796, was married to Prince Pyotr Sergeyevich Troubetzkoy / Piotr Sergiejevich Trubeckoj (1760-1817)
with four children, including Sergei Petrovich Troubetzkoy (29 August 1790 - 22 November 1860) who was one of the organizers of the Decembrist movement and was a freemason).

Aleksandr Sergeyevich Pushkin b. May 26 / 6 June 1799 in Moscow, Russian poet;
his paternal grandfather, Leo / Lev A. Pushkin was artillery colonel;
the father - Sergei L. Pushkin (1767-1848),
a Pushkin's mother was a granddaughter of Hannibal.
Brother of the poet - Lew vel Lev born 1805.

Nikolai Leontievich DUBBELT / Nicholas (1819-1874) was also Lieutenant-General (1864), commander 1852 - 1856 Belarusian Hussar Regiment.
Brother of Leonti Vasilievich -
Peter V. Dubbelt (born 1794 in Mogilev, Belarus now), the Adjutant in 1822-26 of General N. N. Rajewski.

A cousin of Leonti Vasilievich -
Ivan M. Dubbelt (born 1805, Riga), served in the Estonian Jaeger Regiment, took part in suppressing the Polish uprising of 1863-64.
His son Evgenii / Eugene I. Dubbelt, served from 1861 in Tiflis / Tbilisi).

The Uzkoje estate that was otherwise Uzkoje village, situated 15,5 km S-W-S of Moscow core in the suburbs of the capital i.e. 9 km from boundary of urban housing in 1917, and there are nowadays Litovskij bulvar Str. and Jasnogorskaja Str. near by Vitcevskij forest and also Tschertanovka river.

Mentioned Ivan Vernadsky born 24 or 26 May / 5 or June 7, New Style, 1821 in Kiev - died 26 or 27 March / 7 or 8 April on the Gregorian calendar, 1884 in St. Petersburg,
father of Vladimir Vernadsky,
grandfather of George Vernadsky.
The first wife died in ten years after the marriage, leaving him a son, Nicholas.
The second time, Ivan marries her cousin - the daughter of Ukrainian landowner Anna Petrovna Konstantynowicz, teacher of music and singing.

Vernadsky Ivan was a teacher of Russian literature in high school; in 1847, in St. Petersburg, Ivan V. defended a master's degree thesis; after at the University of St. Vladimir; in 1850 he was transferred to the same department in Moscow University and was here from 1851 until 1856 as full professor; in the village Giant Shishaki in Poltava government Vernadsky had got a mansion, where all the family was living in summer.

Konstantynowicz / Konstantinowicz / Konstantinovich Anna Petrovna was a daughter of Brigadier-General Piotr H. Konstantinovich / Konstantynowicz (b. ca 1795) and was the second wife of Ivan Vasilyevich Vernadsky. Anna Petrovna, nee Konstantinovich / Konstantynowicz born 1837 - died 1898. H. Konstantinovich that is Henryk for example or Gawrila / Havrila born circa 1770.
Her brother, Ivan Petrovich Konstantynowicz / Jan son of Piotr Konstantynowicz b. 1818 died 1877, a professional Navy officer, after a cadet school - 1834 he achieved Captain 1st Rank in 1868, in 1875 he served in the Caucasian Army, died in Tiflis. Owned estates in the province of Poltava, the Pereyaslavl County, Voitovtsy village.

Modzalevsky Leo / Lev 1837 - 1896, the teacher, a graduate of History and Philology of St. Petersburg University. He worked in the schools of St. Petersburg and Tiflis / Tbilisi, the author of many works on pedagogy. His wife Alexandra Ivanovna nee Konstantynowicz was born 1848.


My research concerns many state intelligence networks created in the first half of the 18th century. Initially it was a global political network of the Russian intelligence infiltrated by the British [1791], French [from the 40s of the 18th century] and Germans [1769/1776], and by the Polish independence conspiracy [was established 1792/1799] starting from a years 1870/1878.

Karol Jozef Czapski leased Miezonka in Belarus, from Stefania Julia Radziwill Chrapowicka Oskierka, 1832 - 1842 [then Stanislaw CZAPSKI, 1779-1844 / 1845]; then Miezonka was the Konstantynowiczs estate (in the BEREZYNA Ihumenska parish; see: Breguet in Kazan and Armand in Moscow) since 1842 [Dominik Konstantynowicz].

Michal Chrapowicki
{Michal Mikolaj Chrapowicki, b. 1780 / Michal Chrapowicki, Marschall of Dzisna county, and Minsk Province, the owner of Jasnogorki and Korolla in Zmudz, and Prozorok in the county of Dzisna, m. 1st Joanna Okuszkowna / Joanna Okuszko,
with a son
Kazimierz Chrapowicki and a daughter.

Named Kazimierz Chrapowicki, 1817-1881, married to Adela Ciechanowiecka, 1823-1887.
KAZIMIERZ's brother was Arkadiusz Chrapowicki / Arkady, m. to Stefania Julia Radziwill.

Michal Chrapowicki with his second wife, Jozefa Korsak, had the son Arkadyusz married Stefania Julia Radziwill, 1825-1896. STEFANIA RADZIWILL was the owner of MIEZONKA - see
Dominik Konstantynowicz b. ca 1800/1805,
his son Antoni Konstantynowicz b. ca 1833,
the grandson Stanislaw Konstantynowicz + Anna Malkiewicz. Stanislaw was the foster father of my grandfather Jerzy Konstantynowicz = Marian Konstantynowicz = Marian Stankiewicz = Siedlecki in September 1939}.

The above Meshonka: here lived Antoni Konstantynowicz - was born c. 1833 - and his son Stanislaw; the same Stanislaw Konstantynowicz from Miezonka (i.e. Miezonki) and Anna nee Malkiewicz are foster parents of my grandfather; my great grandmother Anna nee Malkiewicz (Malkevicius) came from the Dryssa ujezd (= the Werchnedwinsk district; the place Asveja / Oswieja) in the Government of Vicebsk / Vitsyebsk; her ancestry was near related to the families:
Czyzewski (from the Dzisna district),
von Krey / The House of Croy / Count von Croy in 1697 entered the Russian service (i.e. the Baltic German noble Krej family from Tallinn and Livonia - http://www.almanachdegotha.org/id70.html from Polish Livonia),
Ostrowski (derived from Piotr Ostrowski de Kaki of 1697; Kaki farm situated 16,5 km NW of Ludza / Ludsen in Polish Livonia).

Michael KATENIN / Michail Andreevich Katenin or Colonel Mikhail Andreivitch Katenin, married to Countess Nadejda Vasilievna Orlov - Denisov,
the second daughter of General Count Vasili Vasilievitch Orlov-Denissov.
They had daughters:
1.
Mary Katenin or Maria Katenin / Princess Maria Mikhailovna Katenin married in 1868 to Prince Nikolaoz / Nikolai Ilyich Gruzinski b. 7th August 1844, the Governor of Vilno 1899 and Vice-Governor 1896 - 1899; he d. 1916, having two sons and four daughters.

Mary / Marija Michailovna Katenin b. ? and died 1903; married 1868 or 1869 to His Highness Prince Nikolaoz / Nikolai Ilyich Gruzinski / Nikolai Ilyich Bagration Gruzinskij of Georgia b. 1844, d. 1916 -
his father Elizbar / Ilija Bagration-Gruzinskij who was b. 1790 and died 1854,
the son of
Georgij XII Bagration - Kachietinskij who born 10 October 1746 and died 28 December 1800;
he come from
Iraklij 2nd Bagration [Erekle II, king of Kacheti 1744-62, king of united Georgia 1762-98], b. 1720 d. 1798 - see below on EREKLE II.

Now we back to
Mikolaj Swiatopelk Mirski, 1833 - 1898, m. 1st to Wiera Bagratyd / Pss Vera b. Tbilisi 1842.
He bought MIR in 1895 from the family of Dominik Radziwill and his daughter Stefania.

Mikolaj Swiatopelk-Mirski b. 1833, d. 1898, was the son of
JAN Siemionowicz Swiatopelk Mirski / Tomasz Teofil Jan MIRSKI, and Marcjanna Nostitz-Jackowska.
Mikolaj was the husband of named Wiera and 2nd to Kleopatra (Kapitolina).

Aleksander Nostitz-Jackowski younger, was the son of Jan Nepomucen Ksawery Nostitz-Jackowski and Anna; above Aleksander was the half brother of MARCIANNA Nostitz-Jackowska;
Marcjanna Swiatopelk-Mirska nee Nostitz-Jackowska, was the wife of Tomasz Bogumil Jan Swiatopelk-Mirski, and the mother of
Dimitry Swiatopelk-Mirski,
and Mikolaj Swiatopelk-Mirski.

Above Jan Nepomucen Ksawery Nostitz-Jackowski b. 1770,
was the son of
Aleksander Nostitz-Jackowski OLDER and Marcianna Antonie Barbara KCZEWSKA, Nostitz-Jackowska.
Above Aleksander Nostitz-Jackowski, ca 1729 - 1802 in Nogat,
the son of
Michal Nostitz-Jackowski and Eleonora.
Mentioned Michal Nostitz-Jackowski, b. ca 1705, died ca 1766, was the son of Jan Nostitz-Jackowski, b. ca 1670.

Antoni Skorzewski, 1710 - 1766 m. Anna Nostitz - Jackowska [Anna Skorzewska born Nostitz-Jackowska], ca 1710/1715 - 1768. Anna was the daughter of above Jan Nostitz-Jackowski b. ca 1670. Anna Skorzewska Jackowska had one sister Franciszka Nostitz-Jackowski married Kiedrzynska. Franciszka JACKOWSKA married Andrzej Kiedrzynski b. 1715/1720, then he was the owner of Bieganin close to RASZKOW. Her son Jakub Kiedrzynski was the posesor of Orpiszewek close to PLESZEW.
Jakub's brother was IZYDOR Kiedrzynski - my family line.

Above
Wiera Bagration Gruzinsky, m. Swiatopelk Mirska, b. 1842 in Tbilisi, Georgia; d. 1863;
the daughter of ELIZBAR / ILIA Grigorievich Bagration Gruzinsky and Anastasja.

Mentioned Tomasz Teofil Jan Swiatopelk-Mirski 1788 - 1868, was the son of Franciszek Ksawery Mirski and Katarzyna.

Mentioned above ELIZBAR / ILIA Grigorievich Bagration Gruzinsky b. 1790, d. 1854, was the son of
Giorgi XII Bagrationi (King of Kartli and Kakheti) and Mariam.

Named above Giorgi XII Bagrationi King of Kartli and Kakheti, b. 1746, d. 1800, was the son of Erekle II, King of Georgia and Anna Abashidze.

Erekle II Bagrationi / Iraklij, known as Herculius II, b. 1720 in Telavi, in Kakheti, Georgia; d. 1798; was the son of Teimuraz II, King of Kakheti and Kartli.

Wiera Bagratyd / Pss Vera b. Tbilisi in 1842, come from Iraklij 2nd Bagration / Erekle II, king of Kacheti / Heracles II Bagratouni, 1744 -62, king of united Georgia 1762-98

(EREKLE II / Iraklij 2nd Bagration was born Telavi on 7 Nov 1720 and died in Telavi 11 Jan 1798),
m. 1st in 1739 to Pss Kethevan Mkheidze (d. 1744),
m. 2nd in 1745 to Pss Ana Abashidze (1730 - Tbilisi on 6 Dec 1749) and
m. 3rd in 1750 Pss Darejan Dadiani (20 Jul 1734 - St. Petersburg 8 Nov 1808).

Named Darejan Dadiani (20 Jul 1734 - St. Petersburg 8 Nov 1808 or 1738 - 8 November 1807) / Darejan Dadiani-Mingrelia,
was the daughter of
Otia Dadiani Hertog van Mingrelia / Katsia-Giorgi Dadiani,
a younger son of
Bezhan Dadiani, Prince of Mingrelia in western Georgia.

Mentioned Bezhan Dadiani [see above] died 1728, of the House of Dadiani, was Prince of Mingrelia from 1715 to 1728. He acceded to power in a coup against his own father, Giorgi IV Dadiani, and came to dominate western Georgian politics by asserting tutelage over King Alexander V of Imereti until being murdered by Ottoman agents.

Above Giorgi IV Dadiani died 1715, was Prince of Mingrelia from 1691 to 1704 and from 1710 to 1715. Giorgi was a son of
Katsia Chikovani, the lord of Lechkhumi by his wife Mzekhatun, a daughter of Prince Levan III Dadiani.

2.
Sofia KATENIN d. 1908, married ca 1880 to Viktor Martynov / Wiktor Martynow b. 1858 d. 1915 -
his father,
Nikolai Martynov Solomonovich b. 1816,
and his grandparents:
Solomon M. Martinov b. 1774, and Elizabeth M. Tarnovskaya b. 1783.

Martynov / Martynov Dmitry M. born 1760, had brother Martynov Solomon Mikhailovich b. 1774, d. 1839 or after 1840.

The wife of above Martynov Solomon Mikhailovich was above named Elizabeth M. Tarnovskaya / Elzbieta Tarnowska - Polish (1783 - 1851), the daughter of
Major and State Councilor Mikhail Vasilyevich Tarnowski (1759 - ?).

Children of Elzbieta Tarnowska MARTYNOW were:
Elizabeth Solomonovna Martynov,
Ekaterina Martynova Solomonovna (Rzhevskaya - Rzhevskij Michal),
1814 - 1860, Michael Solomonovich Martynov;
above named Nikolai Martynov Solomonovich, 1815 / 1816 - 1875 / 1876 who in 1841 killed Lermontov in a duel, his family related to Kolirovsky and Romeiko - Hurko (Polish);
b. in 1819 - Natalia Martynova Solomonovna;
Julia Martynova Solomonovna Gagarin b. 1821;
Dmitry Martynov Solomonovich born 1824 and died 1909;
also Pawel Martynov and Peter Solomonovich Martynov (? born ca 1820) - friends of Stefan Drzewiecki, Polish nobleman but about Pawel and Peter no any inf.

Above Mikhail Vasilyevich Tarnowski was son of Wasyl Tarnowski / Vasily Tarnowski; known as Michael Tarnavskiy, b. 1759;
Vasily Tarnowski (? b. ca 1720) was son of
Jan Tarnowski / Ivan Grigorevich Tarnavskiy died 1761 (? born ca 1700);
Vasily was Cossak, captain of Poltava regiment.
Ivan's father - Grigorij TARNOWSKI (? born ca 1670) was son of
Jan Tarnowski b. ca 1650,
and the grandson of Jozef Tarnowski b. ca 1620.

Mentioned above Martynov Dmitry M. born 1760 - that is Martynov Dmitry Michajlovich b. 1760. Captain (or Major?). He was a Kirsanov district (in Tambov Province) leader of the nobility.
His daughter was
Victoria nee Martynov / Wiktoria Matriniwna second voto Krasnickaja (Krasnicki), born ca 1796 and died on December 6, 1862 in Kiev.
Wiktoria Martynow married 1st to
Piotr Konstantynowicz, the son of Krzysztof Konstantynowicz, and Piotr was born in 1785 (date 1795 was error) and died on October 9, 1850 in Kiev.

A daughter of above Wiktoria:
Anna Petrowna Konstantynowicz Wernadskaja / Hanna Pietriwna / Konstantinovich who married Vernadsky / Vernadskij.
Anna became the wife of Professor Ivan Vasilevich Vernadsky / Iwan Wasylewicz Wernadski b. 1821 died 1884,
and she was mother of W. I. Wernadski.

Anna Konstantynowicz b. November 11, 1837 (1827?) in Kiev / Kyiv in Ukraine and died on November 7, 1898 (1865?). Her mother was named above Victoria nee Martynov / Wiktoria second voto Krasnicka, the daughter of Major (or Captain?) Russian army - Martynow.

Wernadska Konstantynowicz Anna / Ganna / Hanna was friend of Wultfert Malecka Lidia, a daughter of Karol Malecki.

Anna's children:
1.
Wladymir Wernadski born 28 February 1863 d. 6 January 1945,
2.
Ekaterina Wernadska married Korolenko / born 1864 died 1910,
3.
Olga Wernadska Ivanovna, born 1864.

Anna's father:
Piotr Konstantynowicz [the son of Krzysztof Konstantynowicz] b. 1785 (date 1795 was error) and died on October 9, 1850 in Kiev, Baykove cemetery; Kiev garrison 1836, general major 1848,
the son of
Krzysztof Konstantynowicz / Christofor Konstantynowicz Anastasijovich who was born 1741 and died 1786.

Anna's stepmother (not mother):
Ivanivna GULAK, a daughter of Nadija Andriivna Surovceva and Ivan Ivanovich Hulak / Jan Gulak, a son of Jan Gulak older.

Anna's brothers and sisters:
1.
Pawel Konstantynowicz Piotrowicz / Pawlo, a son of Pietr Konstantynowicz, 1822 - 1884, lived in Wsiotiwce / Wojtiwce / Woitivcy / Wojtowce, married to Olga Iwanowna, b. ?, died 1903, a daughter of Dubnikow; he served for the Poltawskij regiment in 1837, the Sleckij regiment (Slucki?) of 1842, 1843 lieutenant, the Newski Naval regiment 1845, has 7 children;
2. Lew Konstantynowicz b. ca 1823/1826,
3. Elena,
4.
Iwan Piotrowicz - Jan Konstantynowicz who married to Marija Sofroniwna / Sofronow, a daughter of Grigorij Sofronov, b. ?, died 1850, and she was from Sewastopol;
they had a daughter
Oleksandra Iwaniwna Konstantynowicz / Aleksandra Iwanowna 1848 - died 1920, nee Konstantynowicz;
she was married in August 1866 to Modzelewski Lew,
a son of Michail Modzelewski, 1837 - 1896;
her sons:
Modzelewski Wadim Lwowicz 1882 - 1920, historian;
and
Wsiewolod Lwowicz, 1879 - 1936, the Naval Corps in Sankt Petersburg and after in 1898 he served in the Russian fleet in Petersburg, 'Imperator Aleksandr II', 1904 - 1905 a war against Japan, captain 2nd class in 1912.

Konstantynowicz Iwan, the son of Piotr, born 1818 - died 1877, since 1834 served the Russian fleet, captain 1st class, 1875 Caucasus army;
5.
Zofia - Sofija Konstantynowicz Piotrowna, 1823 - 1848,
6. Wladymir,
7. Aleksandr Konstantynowicz b. ca 1825,
8. Aleksandr second b. ca 1828/1832:
Aleksander Konstantynowicz who came from an Ukrainian military and landowning family, lived in the government of Poltava (now in Ukraine), also in Kiev;
his daughter was
Olga I. Konstantynowicz who was born 1860 in Kiev - since 1880 in Paris and USA at the beginning of the 20th cent.;
9. Elizawieta,
10. Piotr older,
11. Piotr younger.

The Konstantynowiczs sealed themselves six armorial bearings:
the Fox proper, Bowel(s), Three Crosses, the Pielesz diverse, Radwan and Ours of the Konstantynowicz ancestry - Grekul.

Ivan Vernadsky born 24 or 26 May / 5 or June 7, New Style, 1821 in Kiev - died 26 or 27 March / 7 or 8 April on the Gregorian calendar, 1884 in St. Petersburg,
a father of Vladimir Vernadsky,
a grandfather of George Vernadsky.

The first wife of Ivan died in ten years after the marriage, leaving him a son, Nicholas.
The second time, Ivan marries her cousin - the daughter of Ukrainian landowner Anna Petrovna Konstantynowicz, teacher of music and singing.

The genealogy of above named Anna Petrowna Konstantynowicz / Anna Konstantinovich married Vernadsky / Vernadskij / Wernadskaja (Anna became the wife of Professor Ivan Vernadsky): b. November 11, 1837 in Kiev / Kyiv in Ukraine and died on November 7, 1898;
her mother Victoria nee Martynov / Wiktoria Martynowna Konstantynowicz, second voto KRASNICKA, was born ca 1796 and died on December 6, 1862 in Kiev,
she was the daughter of Major Russian army Martynow,
her second husband - Krasnicki.

Anna's father:
Piotr Konstantynowicz, the son of Krzysztof Konstantynowicz, and Piotr b. 1785 (date 1795 was error) and died on October 9, 1850 in Kiev, Baykove cemetery.

Anna's brothers and sisters from Victoria nee Martynow / Wiktoria Martynow:
Pawel, Lew, Elena, Iwan - Jan Konstantynowicz, Zofia - Sofija, Wladymir, Aleksandr, Aleksandr second, Elizawieta, Piotr older, Piotr younger.

Above Krzysztof Konstantynowicz / Christofor Konstantinovich / Hristophor Constantinovich was born 1741 (date ca 1750 / 1760 was mistaken; this is the branch of Antoni Konstantynowicz of the Mscislau province b. ca 1730/1735) with the Fox coat of arms, came from the Mscislau / Mscislaw territory / ex-Mscislav province.
Krzysztof Konstantynowicz / Christofor Anastasijovich Konstantynowicz died 1786.
His father Anastazy Konstantynowicz b. ca 1710/1720, the son of
Kostia Konstantynowicz that is Konstantyn Konstantynowicz b. ca 1680/1690, the SON of AUGUSTYN Konstantynowicz of MSCISLAU b. ca 1635/1645.

Anastasij Kostiantinovich Konstantynowicz born ca 1710 / 1720 and died before 1784.

Konstantyn Konstantynowicz (Kostia Konstantynowicz) born ca 1680/1690, the son of Augustyn Konstantynowicz.
He came from the family of AUGUSTYN Konstantynowicz of MSCISLAU b. 1635/1645.

Augustyn Konstantynowicz born ca 1635/1645, the Mscislaw writer, from whom Krzysztof Franciszek Ciechanowiecki born ca 1650, (once called Krzysztof Mikolaj Ciechanowiecki), a son of Michal Wincenty Ciechanowiecki, bought the land estate of Bielyj Mech / Bialy Mech.

Above Ciechanowiecki, Michal Wincenty, born ca 1625; inf. 1685, mentioned in 1653, signed the election of Michael Korybut Wisniowiecki to the king in 1669, was the 5th son of
Krzysztofa Stanislaw or Krzysztof Stanislawowicz Ciechanowiecki born ca 1600, and Drucka-Horska;
received in 1673 the Choslaw estate by his mother Antonella Drucka-Horska.

Above Krzysztof Franciszek CIECHANOWIECKI / Krzysztof Mikolaj Ciechanowiecki, was the brother of
Mikolaj / Boguslaw Mikolaj Ciechanowiecki, the son of mentioned Michal Wincenty Ciechanowiecki.

Named above Ciechanowiecki, Mikolaj / Mikolaj Ciechanowiecki or Boguslaw Mikolaj Ciechanowiecki,
was the son of Marianna Kotowska / Marcjanna Ciechanowiecka and Michal Wincenty Ciechanowiecki.

Roza, was the daughter of named Krzysztof Franciszek Ciechanowiecki. Below her sibilings -
Marcin / Marcjan Adam, was the son of named Krzysztof Franciszek;
Antoni Tadeusz, a son of named Krzysztof Franciszek;
Jozef, a son of Krzysztof Franciszek;
Mikolaj or Michal Ciechanowiecki, a son of Krzysztof Franciszek;
and Stanislaw, a son of mentioned above Krzysztof Franciszek Ciechanowiecki.

Krzysztof Franciszek Ciechanowiecki bought the village of Bialy Mech; he was the writer of Mstislav; Samuel Ciechanowiecki wrote a letter in 1705 on above Krzysztof.

The first wife of Krzysztof Franciszek Ciechanowiecki, b. ca 1650, was unknown Konstantynowicz with the FOX / Lis coat of arms, born ca 1650/1655 - maybe the sister of Augustyn Konstantynowicz, b. 1635/1645.

Jurjewicz, Lukasz Mateusz, b. ca 1660, had son Jurjewicz, Franciszek Felicjan, b. 1695 in the Oshmiana ex-district.

Franciszek Felicjan Jurjewicz / Jurewicz had children:
1. Jurjewicz, Tomasz, b. 21/12/1720,
2. Jurjewicz, Stanislaw, b. 1725,
3. ANTONI JUREWICZ / Anthony Yurevich / Jurjewicz, Antoni, b. 1730 / 1735 + Agnieszka Konstantynowicz of the Mscislau branch of the Konstantynowiczs, born ca 1735/1740
- see Augustyn Konstantynowicz b. ca 1635/1645,
4. Adam Jurjewicz, b. 1740 + Marianna.

Ignacy Nikodem Jurjewicz, was born to Antoni Jurjewicz and Agnieszka Konstantynowicz.
Antoni Jurjewicz or Jurjevicius Antoni was born in 1735.
Ignacy had 6 brothers and sisters:
Tadeusz Jurewicz,
Michal Jurjewicz,
JOZEF Jurewicz born 1770, and so on.

Ignacy married Justyna Wieliczko. They had 3 sons:
Jozef Jurjewicz b. ca 1790 [see below], and 2 other children.

Above Ignacy Nikodem Jurjewicz b. ca 1760 / 1770.

Acc.to my research, the brother of Ignacy Jurewicz b. 1760/1770, and son of named Antoni Jurewicz b. ca 1730/1735, was
JOZEF JUREWICZ / Josif Jurievitsch b. ca 1770, married Joanna or ANNA DESPOT ZENOWICZ.

Stanislaw Jurievitsch / Stanislaw Josifovich JUREWICZ / Stanislaw Jurewicz, b. 1800 or in 1802.
Stanislaw Jurewicz / Stanislav Yurevich, b. 1800/1802, with whom the poet Pushkin met in Mogilev, was next of kin to Ignacy Despot Zenowicz / Ignatius Despot Zenovich.
Ignacy Despot ZENOWICZ b. ca 1830 was a translator of Aleksandr Sergeevich Pushkin.

Ignacy's children:
Mieczyslaw Deszpot-Zenowicz b. ca 1850,
Maria Aniela,
Wanda.

Stanislaw Juriewicz, b. 1800/1802, as the oldest brother, divided these properties among his brothers.
His brother, Michal Juriewicz, received Kraszuty, a large estate covered by a dense forest, known to contain bears, moose, and other big game.
His brother Jan Jurewicz received two estates, Franopol and Porzecze.
His father was
Joseph Juriewicz/ Jozef Jurewicz, b. ca 1770, from the Orsha district in the province of Mogilev.
Jozef Jurewicz came into possession of Kolpino after his marriage to Joanna Despot Zenowicz / Anna Deszpot-Zienowicz b. ca 1775; also in Kraszuty / Wielkie-Kraszuty / Krashuty.

Stanislaw was the son of JOZEF JUREWICZ / Josif Jurievitsch b. ca 1770, and Joanna or ANNA DESPOT ZENOWICZ / Anna Jurewicz b. ca 1770 / 1775.
Anna Despot Zenowicz Jurewicz was the daughter of
Jozef Despot ZENOWICZ / Josif Deszpo-Zenowicz b. ca 1745, and POLONIA OGINSKA / Apolonia Deszpo-Zenowicz b. ca 1750.
Anna was the wife of named JOZEF JUREWICZ / Josif Jurievitsch b. ca 1770.
Anna was the mother of
Stanislaw Jurievitsch b. 1800 / 1802
and
Anna von Wrangell nee Jurewicz, b. 1819.

Stanislaw was the father of
Mieczyslaw Jan Filip Jurievitsch b. ca 1835, m. Roza Katarzyna ROSSI.

Near to MSCISLAW were living:
dukes Horski at places:
Miksztyn or Miksztyno, Dudino, Liszki and Cerkowiszcze,
and next here Ciechanowiecki, Hurko, Taran, Suchodolski families.

In 1711 - the Mscislaw city writer, mentioned Augustyn Konstantynovich, gave to the chapel a wonderful portrait of the Blessed Virgin from the Orthodox church.
Assisted Kucewicz, Larska, Celnerowa, Wojnina, Illinich, Lendorf, Potemkin.
In 1707 - the chapel was built; the Swedes burned a large wooden church in 1708; rebuilt in 1711 by Dziechelewicz and built new wooden residential house.
Augustyn Konstantynowicz, the Mscislaw writer, from whom Krzysztof Franciszek Ciechanowiecki (once called Krzysztof Mikolaj Ciechanowiecki), the son of Michal Wincenty Ciechanowiecki, bought the land estate of Bielyj Mech / Bialy Mech.

Above Ciechanowiecki, Michal Wincenty, inf. 1685, mentioned in 1653, signed the election of Michael Korybut Wisniowiecki to the king in 1669,
was the 5th son of
Krzysztofa Stanislaw Ciechanowiecki or Krzysztof Stanislawowicz Ciechanowiecki and Antonella Drucka-Horska;
Michal Wincenty Ciechanowiecki received in 1673 the Choslaw estate by his mother Antonella Drucka-Horska.

Krzysztofa Stanislaw or Krzysztof Stanislawowicz Ciechanowiecki / Krzysztof Ciechanowiecki married to Antonila Horska / Antonella Drucka-Horska / HORSKI.

Kazimierz Wladyslaw SAPIEHA, top Lithuanian official in 1685, 1686, the Lithuanian court treasurer in 1686, b. ca 1650, d. 1703; 1 m. in 1678 Franciszka Kopec, 2 m. Anna Wincenta Fredra;
with:
1. Jan Fryderyk Sapieha + Konstancja Franciszka Radziwill (1697 - 1756);
2.
Mikolaj Sapieha, b. 1689, the Mscislaw official [see Augustyn Konstantynowicz b. 1635/1645];
3.
Cecylia Zofia Sapieha, b. 1688, d. in Mozejkowo Wielkie in 1762; 1 m. in Dawgieliszki in 1710 to Jan Karol Chodkiewicz, 2 m. above Michal Tyzenhauz / Michal Mikolaj Jan Tyzenhauz b. ca 1690-1734.

In 1792 Karol Prozor went abroad, arrived in Konigsberg; went to Klaipeda. Now he had the opportunity to communicate with his brother-in-law Franciszek Bukaty. Bukata urged Karol to come to London.
Karol Prozor soon established contacts with the conspiracy in Lithuania in January 1793; he cooperated closely with Cpt. Amilkar Kosinski, and from Jan Oskierka, he received secret brochures [see on JAN OSKIERKA older]. The manor in Chojniki became a conspiracy center at that time, and here in July 1793 the nobility congress was held, during which the members of the Volhynia-Polesie conspiracy set up a plan of action.
JAN Oskierka and Karol Prozor were called by General Governor T. Tutolmin in 1794, the "chief rebels" in Mozyr and Owrucz "the root of evil", the "spirit of disobedience and anarchy".

At the beginning of February 1794 KAROL PROZOR came from Chojnik to Warsaw; left Warsaw on the 13th or 14th of August under the name of Dabrowski;
the meeting with Tadeusz Kosciuszko took place in Dresden.
General Tadeusz Kosciuszko appointed Prozor as General Major and commander of all insurgent units in Ukraine, Polesie, Podolia and in a part of Lithuania, and A. Kosinski as his chief of staff.
Karol Prozor returning from Dresden, stopped briefly in Warsaw and moved to Zmudz to Poniemun. After meeting with the activists of the conspiracy in Kaunas, he went to Vilnius to Jakub Jasinski. From Vilnius, left in Polesie, to Zdzieciol [see Konstantynowicz here] to the court's ex-minister Stanislaw Soltan, head of the conspiracy in the province of Nowogrodek.
Then he went to Chojnik.
After the defeat of the KOSCIUSZKO insurrection, Karol Prozor went to Galicia with Michal Kleofas Oginski and General Franciszek Lazninski, in Jaroslaw; then left for Venice.

Mentione Augustin Konstantynowicz / Augustyn Rokoz Konstantynowicz / Augustyn Pohoza Konstantynowicz, was a clerk of the Lithuanian military confederation since 1661 by 1667 and after a special envoy of Michal Pac to Moscow to ask tsar Aleksei / Aleksey to put up his son Feodor / Fiodor III as a candidate to Polish election; the municipal and territorial writer in the Mscislau province, born c. 1635, had died 1713 or before 1713.

Mscislaw nobles, wishing to have their own school, appealed to the Parliament in 1690, on the Jesuit residence in Mscislaw, on the border of the Smolensk province and RUSSIA. County officials have provided with fund a missionary house with chapel St Michael and Joseph; also a grammar school.

Augustyn Konstantynowicz, the Mscislaw writer, from whom Krzysztof Franciszek Ciechanowiecki (once called Krzysztof Mikolaj Ciechanowiecki), son of Michal Wincenty Ciechanowiecki, bought the land estate of Bielyj Mech / Bialy Mech.

In the years 1681-1685 the main supporter of Russia in Lithuania was KRAJEWSKI. His trusted supporter was Augustyn Pohozy Konstantinovich - our branch of the family.
Krajewski received letters from Augustyn Konstantinovich.
Augustyn Konstantynovich was a long-term trustee, servant and advisor to Marcjan Oginski, Governor of TROKI.
This information was given in 1686 by Jerzy Kazimierz Nienoronowicz-Szpilowski.
Augustyn Constantinovich also had relations with the Ukrainian Cossacks.
In 1671 Augustyn was in Minsk the official to bridges [the Land Office of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania dealing with the maintenance and maintenance of bridges in the area entrusted to them].
In 1674, after the death of Wisniowiecki, in Lithuania, Michal PAC and MARCJAN Oginski wanted to be King Fyodor Alekseejewicz, so they were sent to MOSCOW Augustyn Konstantynovich. Augustyn talked with Prince Yuriy Alekseejewicz DOLGORUKOW and Artam Sergeyevich Matveev.

Yuri Alekseyevich Dolgorukov, b. 1602, d. on May 15, 1682 in Moscow, Russian prince, the Novgorod governor and Moscow, participant of the Polish-Russian war, commander of the army in the Polish-Russian war 1654-1667.

In 1674, Augustyn Konstantynovitch is appointed the writer of MSCISLAW; 1685 - writer of the Land of Mscislaw; 1703 - last information about Augustyn Konstantynovich [1711 !].

In September 1682, S. Bentkowski arrives in Kadzina / KADINO [15 km east to Mohylew by the Dniepr river] and this information is given by Augustyn Konstantynovich.

Above Marcjan Alexander Oginski born 1632; he was the Orthodox; in 1670 the governor of TROKI and turns to Catholicism. Marcjan Oginski in 1674 fights with Turkey. His family was also the governors: POLOCK and MSCISLAW. Marcjan Aleksander Oginski (born 1632 - January 26, 1690) was a great Lithuanian chancellor from 15 May 1684, the voivode of Troki since 1670.
The son of the castellan of Troki, Alexander OGINSKI (died 1667).

MARCJAN was a member of the Confederacy of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in 1672. He was a Senate deputy to the King's War Council in 1673.

His father Aleksander Oginski (born 1585 - died 1667), castellan (from 1649), Voivodeship of Minsk (1645), the son of
Bogdan Oginski (d. 1625) and Regina Wollowicz.

Above Aleksander Oginski, Prince, b. ca 1585 / 1590 in Trakai, d. 1667, was the son of Bogdan Oginski and Regina / Raina.
Aleksander was the husband of Elzbieta Pac and Kotryna.

Marcin Marian Aleksander Oginski / MARCJAN ALEKSANDER OGINSKI, 1632 - 1690, was the son of Aleksander Oginski, Prince and Kotryna.
Marcin / Marian / Marcjan Oginski was the husband of Marcybela Anna Oginska and Konstancja Krystyna Oginski.
Brother of Jan Oginski; Jerzy Wincenty Oginski; Izabela; Helena; Aleksandra Konstancja Zawisza-Kiezgajlo.
Half brother of Bogdan Oginskis and Jan Oginski.


The Konstantynowicz ancestry with the Fox coat of arms (1534) come from Michno Konstantynowicz of the Lida and the Mereczanka river (1552 and 1554) area on the border of Lithuania and Belarus. Konstantinovich hasn't the Cossack or the Greek origin. It was a legend only about Greek Konstantinovich Anastasius of 1784 who moved from Rumelia - Macedonia today, first to Nizhyn, and then to Pereyaslav-Khmelnitsky; served to the Pereyaslav regiment in 1756.
A legend was about the beginning of the Konstantynowicz family. Many said that our family (ancestry) has come from the BALKANS according to "Gutenberg Encyclopaedia" (volume 8); many said that the ancestry had got to descent from Serbian ancestor (janczar), who was Turkish soldier 1455 - 1463, who was afterwards in Poland (that is since 1470 or 1471); he has written memoirs here (1490-1516 or rather 1496 - 1501) about title "(...) the Turkish chronicle (...)". A copy was in the Sapieha Archive.
More inf. on the same Turkish soldier - Michal Konstantynowicz in F. Bujak, "Studia geograf.-hist.", p. 129 - 134. The main editions of "(...) the Turkish chronicle (...)" in 1828 and 1912 misleaded many of our ancestors. The Kibalczyc family i.e. Kibalcicas have got a legend that tell us about an ancestor from Serbia - the family moved out to the Chernigov province in the Grand duchy of Lithuania in the 17th century - the legend it's mistake, too.

The Konstantynowicz family near by Perejaslav has got the Fox coat of arms. Somebody (owned Fox coat of arms according to an armorial of 1914; territory of Russia in the 18th cent., 78 km SE of Kiev) among Cossacks in 1756 in Pereyaslav.

Anastazy Konstantynowicz (born ca 1710 / 1720 - d. before 1784) probably escaped from Poland to Russia before 1756 (ca 1740) and after he was a Commissioner Regiment (in 1759-1760) among Cossacks.
His son
KRZYSZTOF Konstantynowicz = Christopher Anastasiyovych Konstantynowicz (1741 - 1786) served to the first regiment of Pereyaslav and was centurion (1770-1781),
the grandson
Piotr Konstantynowicz = Peter Hristoforovich (1785-1850) was Major General (1848), commander of Kyiv artyler garrison (1836-1848) and
the great-grandson
ALEKSANDER Konstantynowicz / Alexander P. Jr. (1825/1828/1832-1903) was Lieutenant General (1889) and the Governor of the Turgay region (1878-83), the Bessarabian governor (1883-99).
This ancestry submitted to the 2nd and 3rd parts of the nobility book of Kiev province in Russia.
Alexander Konstantynowicz, the son of Piotr / Petr Konstantynowicz. Aleksander b. 1828/1832, died 1903, was a professional soldier, in service since 1846, an artilleryman; the Colonel in 1867, Major-General in 1877, Lieutenant-General in 1889; conquest of Khiva in 1873, in 1878 to 1883 he was the military governor of Orenburg, and Commander of Turgay region; since 1883 to 1899 - Governor of Bessarabia, since 1889 member of the Minister of the Interior; awards Anne 1st Class, Vladimir 2nd degree, the White Eagle;
his wife since 1856 Ilyashenko Sophia Antonovna 1840 d. 1896.

Ilyashenko Sophia Antonovna b. 1840 d. 1896, was daughter of a captain; her husband since 1856 was Alexander P. Konstantynowicz 1832-1903.

Aleksander's children:
1.
Olga Konstantynowicz b. 1858 or 1860 and died ?, a daughter of Alexander P. Konstantynowicz, in 1878 she was married Andrei Ivanovich Schmidt, who served in the Orenburg district court; she emigrated to Paris and USA.
2.
Michal Konstantynowicz / Michael b. 1860 and died in 1902, he was a district marshal of the nobility in Kovno Province in 1899,
his children:
Xenia Konstantynowicz b. 1889,
Natalia Konstantynowicz born 1894,
Catherine / Katarzyna Konstantynowicz, a daughter of Alexander b. 1863 died in 1942, and in 1885 she married P. A. Galenkovski, and after her divorce in 1905 she married L. N. Chernoyarov;
her daughter from her first marriage, Elizabeth married Suprunov;
3.
Sofia Konstantynowicz b. 1864 died 1942, in 1886 she married E. A. Mamchich, before the Revolution she was living in Chisinau - the Kremenchug area;
4.
Natalia Konstantynowicz, b. 1867, d. 1938?, in 1889, she married Jerzy Bulacel / Gregory Pavlovich Bulatsel;
5.
Constantine / Konstantyn Konstantynowicz born 1869 and died no earlier than 1917, a son of Aleksander P. Konstantynowicz, in the 90s of the 19th cent. Konstantyn served in the office in the Bessarabian Province, the Akkerman district, in 1904 the member of the Ufa provincial office on Peasant Affairs, he had property - land in the Sterlitamak county of the Ufa province (all inf. about Konstantyn Konstantynowicz need to be check).

Source: 'The Armorial of Little Russia. ... Chernigov Governorate'; Lukomskij, L. Modzelewski (and Heorhiy Narbut), in Petersburg, 1914.

Peter Hristoforovich Konstantinovich / PIOTR Konstantynowicz was born in 1785, was Major General of the Russian army 1848.
The grandfather of historian George Vernadsky.

Piotr Konstantynowicz or Peter Hristoforovich was a soldier to 1849. General Konstantinovich had 13 children, five of them died infants. Some of the children were also military. The greatest success in this field has achieved son Alexander Konstantynowicz.

Peter / Piotr Konstantynowicz participated in many military campaigns of the Russian army: in 1812 near Smolensk and the Battle of Borodino. From 1836 he was commander of the Kiev garrison artillery. 1838 taken a possession in the Pereyaslavl county of the Kiev province.

Iwan Wernadski / Vernadsky Ivan was a teacher of Russian literature in high school; in 1847, in St. Petersburg, Ivan V. defended a master's degree thesis; after at the University of St. Vladimir; in 1850 he was transferred to the same department in Moscow University and was here from 1851 until 1856 as full professor; in the village Giant Shishaki in Poltava government Vernadsky had got a mansion, where all the family was living in summer.

Anna Konstantynowicz / Anna Konstantinowicz / Konstantinovich Anna Petrovna was the daughter of Brigadier-General Piotr H. Konstantinovich / PIOTR Konstantynowicz (b. ca 1785) and was the second wife of mentioned Ivan Vasilyevich Vernadsky.
Anna Petrovna, nee Konstantinovich / Konstantynowicz born 1837 - died 1898.

H. Konstantinovich that is Christoforowicz, the son of
Christofor / Hristofor Konstantinovich that is Krzysztof Konstantynowicz (here was error: Henryk, Gawrila, Havrila) born 1741.

Anna's brother,
Ivan Petrovich Konstantynowicz / Jan Konstantynowicz, the son of Piotr Konstantynowicz, and Ivan b. 1818, died 1877, a professional Navy officer, after a cadet school - 1834 he achieved Captain 1st Rank in 1868, in 1875 he served in the Caucasian Army, died in Tiflis. Owned estates in the province of Poltava, the Pereyaslavl County, Voitovtsy village.

Ivan's daughter,
Alexandra Ivanovna Konstantynowicz born 1848 and died after 1912, was wife of L. N. Modzalevsky.
Modzalevsky Leo / Lev Modzelewski, 1837 - 1896, the teacher, a graduate of History and Philology of St. Petersburg University. He worked in the schools of St. Petersburg and Tiflis / Tbilisi, the author of many works on pedagogy.
His wife Alexandra Ivanovna nee Konstantynowicz was born 1848.

Another daughter of named IVAN -
Victoria Ivanovna Konstantynowicz born in 1846, died 1899 or 1900; in 1867, she married M. P. Rehbinder, and after second husband O. E. Weimar.

Mikhail P. Rehbinder, he studied at the St. Petersburg School of Jurisprudence and worked at the Law Faculty of the University; he lived in an estate Lyadno in the Novgorod province; he was trying to create together with peasants agricultural co-operative in his estate in the Novgorod province; he left his family and went to the USA in 1909; his wife Victoria Konstantynowicz, the daughter of Ivan / Jan Konstantynowicz b. ca 1790;
her son Alexander died 1906.

Anna and Ivan Petrovich Konstantynowicz had next sibiling -
Elizabeth Konstantynowicz married Mr Neyolov / Nieelov 1824 - 1889.
Elizabeth's daughter -
Lydia A. Neyolov, who died at a old age in Kiev during the German occupation in 1941 / 1942.

Another sister of above Anna Konstantynowicz -
Helena Petrovna Konstantynowicz with her husband Kravchenko. She was born 1831 and he was died no earlier than 1909. Helena married to Kravchenko in 1859, lived in Piryatin.

Kravchenko Ivan Ilyich, 1829-1890, a assessor in 1867, lived and died in Piryatin in the Poltava area; his wife Helena Petrovna Konstantynowicz, the daughter of Piotr Konstantynowicz, she was born 1831 and died no earlier than 1909;
her son - probably not only one - Sergey.

Anna's brother -
Alexander Petrovich Konstantynowicz was General-lieutenant, General-Governor of Bessarabia in Kishiniev on 30 July 1883 to 4 July 1899.
The Rogge noble family was close friends with the family Konstantinovich and Ippolit Rogge / Hippolytus born March 2, 1853 in Kerch, colonel in 1909, was baptized March 7, 1853 in St. John Church of Kerch;
godfather - Lieutenant Adjutant Ivan Konstantinovich / Jan Konstantynowicz, the son of Piotr Konstantynowicz from Kercz / Kerch. All - Orthodox.
A General List of noble families of Bessarabia includes the name of the Konstantynowicz Alexander in 1893 from the Poltava province.

Emeryk Zachariasz Mikolaj Seweryn Hutten-Czapski, Count, b. 1828, was the son of Karol Jozef Czapski.
Karol was the friend of last Polish king Stanislaw August Poniatowski. Karol Czapski was owner of Stankow / Stan'kava in Belarus!; b. 1777, died in 1836 in Danilovichi / Danilowicze,
was the son of
Franciszek Stanislaw Kostka Czapski Hutten of the Chelmno province in Poland, and Weronika Joanna Radziwill,
the daughter of
Michal Kazimierz Radziwill nick-name Rybenko.

Karol Czapski married to Fabianna Obuchowicz, a daughter of Michal Obuchowicz of Minsk in Belarus;
Karol was brother of Stanislaw Hutten-Czapski, 1779-1844 / 1845, Colonel of the Polish Army; Marshal of the Minsk county, who married Zofia Obuchowicz, an owner of KOJDANOW [not of course - Kiejdany]
- the son of mentioned Stanislaw b. 1779, was
Marian Czapski Count: born in Lachwa in 1816 Belarus now, d. 1875, in Wieckowice in the Posen province / Poznan province [west of POZNAN], studied in Wilno / Vilnius, in 1845 an owner of Kojdanow close to Minsk, was exiled to Siberie in 1864, in Tomsk to 1867, in 1867-1871 MARIAN Czapski was living in Dorpat, Estonia.

Danilowicze / Danilavichy (Danilavicy), ca 11 km east-south-east of Stan'kava / Stankowo of the Hutten-Czapskis, and 18 km south-east of Dzyarzhynsk / Dzierzynsk / Kojdanow of the Hutten-Czapski family; west of Dukora of the Oginski family; ca 40 km south-west of Minsk in Belarus now. In 19th cent. it was the Minsk government, the Ihumen county (Cerven now), the Uzda region.

Miezonka and the net to DZIALYNSKI of Pakosc close to Inowroclaw - Znin, and of GOLUCHOW - 14 km south-east to PLESZEW, at way to KALISZ.
Kajetan Oskierka, b. 1820/1821, married Stefania Julia Radziwill, 1825-1896, the owner of Miezonka. Kajetan was the son of Dominik Oskierka. Then in 1842 Miezonka belonged to Dominik Konstantynowicz and his son - Antoni Konstantynowicz b. ca 1833, and to the grandson - Stanislaw Konstantynowicz + Anna Malkiewicz of Oswiej / Oswieja - owned by PROZOR.
The sister of Dominik Oskierka -
Aniela Oskierka, 1770-1804, married Ignacy Kajetan Prozor b. ca 1770 [see OSWIEJA and Malkiewicz],
with:
Maurycy Prozor, b. 1801 in TEMPLARS Church in England - d. 1886 + Anna Chlopicka, b. ca 1810.

GOLUCHOW
- 14 km south-east to PLESZEW, at way to KALISZ; 5 km north to Czerminek; 12 km south to Rokutow [compare Kiedrzynski]; 14 km north-east to Sobotka;
20 km south-east to Broniszewice [Mycielski Erazm alias ERASMUS Mycielski (1769-1800) - the conspirator after the fall of the uprising in 1794].
Goluchow Castle was built between 1550 - 1560. Leszczynski sold in 1695 named Goluchow to Suszko;
then next owners:
Gorowski; Chlebowski; Swinarski; Suchorzewski.
In 1853 / 1856, Tytus Dzialynski [the family from PAKOSC] bought the Castle for his son Jan Kanty Dzialynski and his wife Izabella Czartoryski married Dzialynska, the daughter of Duke Adam Jerzy Czartoryski.
Jan Kanty Dzialynski financed and organized the January Uprising in Greater Poland in 1863. The collapse of the uprising and the default conviction handed down to him by the Prussian authorities (set aside only in 1871) forced him to emigrate. To protect Goluchow against confiscation, Izabella Dzialynska bought the castle from Dzialynskis' hands.
In 1875 - 1885 she carried out a reconstruction combined with renovation.
After Izabella's death in 1899, the property was transformed into the ordination, with the museum, inherited by her nephew, Prince Witold Czartoryski. Goluchow remained in the hands of the Czartoryski family until the outbreak of World War II. I wrote above, in 1853, the Goluchow castle was bought by Tytus Dzialynski, for his son Jan Kanty.
Tytus Adam Dzialynski (1796 - 1861, was the son of Ksawery Dzialynski, the owner of Pakosc - compare Tadeusz Wolanski and the Czolgosz family) was a Polish political activist and protector of arts and a Prussian politician.
Above Ksawery Szymon Tadeusz Dzialynski b. 1756 in Konarzewo, and died in 1819 in named Konarzewo;
Senator of the Warsaw Duchy and the Congress Kingdom.
KSAWERY Dzialynski and Ignacy Dzialynski, both, were the owners of PAKOSC, close to Inowroclaw and Znin.
Then PAKOSC belonged to the Knights Council Lieutenant, Johann Carl von Gerhardt of Flatow, ie. in 1789/1792 until 1802. Ksawery Dzialynski was the son of Augustyn Dzialynski, the Kalisz governor [Augustyn was the owner of PAKOSC], and Anna Radomicka, the daughter of Jan Antoni Radomicki, the Inowroclaw governor. In 1782 he was MP. In 1786 Count in Prussia.

In 1853 / 1856, Tytus Dzialynski [the family from PAKOSC] bought the Castle for his son Jan Kanty Dzialynski and his wife Izabella Czartoryski married Dzialynska, the daughter of Duke Adam Jerzy Czartoryski.
Jan Kanty Dzialynski financed and organized the January Uprising in Greater Poland in 1863. The collapse of the uprising and the default conviction handed down to him by the Prussian authorities (set aside only in 1871) forced him to emigrate. To protect Goluchow against confiscation, Izabella Dzialynska bought the castle from Dzialynskis' hands.
In 1875 - 1885 she carried out a reconstruction combined with renovation.
After Izabella's death in 1899, the property was transformed into the ordination, with the museum, inherited by her nephew, Prince Witold Czartoryski. Goluchow remained in the hands of the Czartoryski family until the outbreak of World War II. I wrote above, in 1853, the Goluchow castle was bought by Tytus Dzialynski, for his son Jan Kanty.
Tytus Adam Dzialynski (1796 - 1861, was the son of Ksawery Dzialynski, the owner of Pakosc - compare Tadeusz Wolanski and the Czolgosz family) was a Polish political activist and protector of arts and a Prussian politician.
Above Ksawery Szymon Tadeusz Dzialynski b. 1756 in Konarzewo, and died in 1819 in named Konarzewo;
Senator of the Warsaw Duchy and the Congress Kingdom.
KSAWERY Dzialynski and Ignacy Dzialynski, both, were the owners of PAKOSC, close to Inowroclaw and Znin.
Then PAKOSC belonged to the Knights Council Lieutenant, Johann Carl von Gerhardt of Flatow, ie. in 1789/1792 until 1802. Ksawery Dzialynski was the son of Augustyn Dzialynski, the Kalisz governor [Augustyn was the owner of PAKOSC], and Anna Radomicka, the daughter of Jan Antoni Radomicki, the Inowroclaw governor. In 1782 he was MP. In 1786 Count in Prussia.

Named above
Jozefa Skarzynska Rudnicka,
had godparents - Czapski, Rowinski and Maciej (Mateusz) Rowinski.
Stefan Rudnicki in 1815 in Danieszyn close to Ostrow Wielkopolski was the manager of a farm. He had a daughter Marcjana;
in 1818 he was living in Przygodzice, close to Ostrow Wielkopolski, and here was born his son Wojciech Rudnicki.

Ludwika nee Czapski died in Wielun in 1847; married Andrzej Piotrowicz b. ca 1800, marriage ca 1830.
Ludwika had a sister Konstancja.
Konstancja Hutten-Czapska, a single - unmarried woman, died in 1853. She was born in 1819.
Miss Konstancja Czapska was - in Wielun - the godmother of Wladyslaw Hutten-Czapski in 1844, but Wladyslaw Czapski was born in 1835.
Konstancja Hutten-Czapska was living in Piaski - 2 km north to Boleslawiec - as unmarried woman. Konstancja Czapska, born [or ca 1809] 1819; in 1844 in Wielun; died in 1853 in Piaski, buried in Boleslawiec, close to Wieruszow and to Wielun.

In 1793 in the Dobrzec parish; at present Piekart is situated in KALISZ, close to Dobrzec Wielki:
in Piekart was born Franciszka, the daughter of Michal Korycinski and Zofia Korycinska, the owners of Piekart, with godparents: Jan Amadei, the owner of Boczki, and Jozefa Rudnicka nee Ordega.
Marianna Rudnicka, the wife of Jan Amadej, the daughter of Ms Jozefa Ordega and Wojciech Jozef Antoni Rudnicki.

Raszkow, and also a register of the church in Glogowa, the Wladyslawow commune, in the Turek county:
Glogowa - 3 kilometres west of Wladyslawow, 11 km north-west of Turek.
In 1802, Ignacy Jozef Hutten Capski was born in Raszkow, the son of Jan Hutten Czapski b. ca 1765.
Jan Hutten Czapski b. ca 1765, was living in Raszkow ca 1802. Jan b. ca 1765 was the son of Antoni.
Antoni Hutten Czapski was born ca 1723.
Antoni Czapski had a sibilings: Jakub and Joanna.
In 1765, Antoni Czapski, the son of Jozef Hutten Czapski, and the grandson of Jan Hutten Czapski, sold the part of Bobrowa / Bobrowo [10 km north-west to Brodnica], to Jan Lewald Jezierski.
Antoni Hutten-Czapski was the son of Jozef Czapski, b. ca 1700.
Jozef had a brother Jerzy Czapski b. ca 1695.
Jozef Czapski died in or bef. 1736. Jozef Czapski b. ca 1700, had also a son Jan Czapski b. ca 1725.
In 1778, above Jan Czapski died, the son of Jozef Czapski.
Kruszyny Szlacheckie and Niewierz took Jozef Czapski b. ca 1700.
Jozef had also a son Ignacy Hutten Czapski b. ca 1727/1729.
Sumowko in 1778, Ignacy Czapski took.

Sumowko is a village in the Zbiczno commune, within the Brodnica County,
6 km east to KONOJADY;
11 km east to Bukowiec;
5 km north to WICHULEC.

Kruszyny Szlacheckie - 4 km south-east to Wichulec.

NIEWIERZ - 9 km west to Brodnica.

Bobrowo - 5 km south-west to Wichulec.

Additional explanations to the person of Jozef August Ilinski, the Tadeusz Grabianka's supporter: Jozef August Ilinski b. 1760 or in 1766 in Romanow in the Zhytomyr / Zytomierz county, MP, senator, chamberlain, head of the grenadier regiment, Polish and Russian general lieutenant and the general inspector in 1792; a Maltese bachelor in 1797.

Jozef August Ilinski born in 1766, General, the owner of Zytomierz until 1796, supporter of IGNACY POTOCKI; the son of Jan Kajetan Benedykt Ilinski; Jozef August Ilinski married to Antonina Leonora Komorowska 1770-1838,
the daughter of
Jakub Bartlomiej Komorowski, born in 1697 or in 1724 - died in 1781, and Antonina Brygitta Pawlowska;
the granddaughter of Michal Jozef Komorowski b. ca 1660/1670

{Antoni Piotr Jozef Komorowski / Antoni Piotr Jozef Kajetan Jan Walenty Adam Komorowski b. 1769 in Sushno, was son of Jakub Bartlomiej Komorowski 1697 - 1781, who was son of
Michal Jozef Komorowski b. ca 1660 / 1670,
and grandson of Jan Komorowski b. ca 1640 - 1700,
who came from Stefan Komorowski and Katarzyna.

Above Michal Jozef Komorowski b. ca 1660 also had son Jan Komorowski junior b. ca 1680 [m. Zofia Polanska] [see President Bronislaw Komorowski].
Michal Jozef Komorowski b. ca 1660 [1670 ?], was son of Jan Komorowski senior b. ca 1640 - 1700, who came from Stefan Komorowski and Katarzyna.
Above Stefan had also son Adam Komorowski b. ca 1640 [?] who had son Jan Komorowski d. 1719 - the 3rd.
Ignacy Komorowski of Chelm, 1710-1760 was son of above named Jan Komorowski the 3rd of Nowogrodek, 1670- 1719 and Konstancja Katarzyna Sulimierska
[Jan's next son was Stefan Aleksander Mamert Komorowski of Belz, 1699-1750].

Jan Komorowski the 3rd of Nowogrodek, 1670-1719 married to Konstancja Katarzyna Sulimierska b. ca 1670,
the daughter of Mikolaj Stefan Sulimierski and Teofila Gluzicka;
they had all 4 sons:
above Stefan Aleksander Mamert Komorowski;
above named Ignacy Komorowski;
Adam Ignacy Komorowski b. 1699, d. 1759 in Skierniewice;
and Piotr d. 1747}.

The 2nd son of Lucya Glogowska + Stanislaw Grzymala at Jablonowo Jablonowski was
Stanislaw Jozef Grzymala at Jablonowo Jablonowski, the owner of Rawa Ruska, m. Jozefa Bakawska, the daughter of
Jan Wincenty Count Bakowski and Kunegunda KOMOROWSKA Css
[above Jozefa Bakawska had sister Henryka + Roman KARNICKI;
and brother
Ferdynand Bakowski m. Antonina Komorowska Css
with the Korczak coat of arms].

Ferdynand Jaksa-Bakowski 1800-1853,
was the son of above
Jan Wincenty Jaksa-Bakowski 1770-1828, and Kunegunda Komorowska b. 1770.
Above Ferdynand BAKOWSKI m. ca 1830 to Antonina Jozefa Komorowska 1812-1891,
the daughter of
Antoni Piotr Jozef Komorowski 1769-1826 and Konstancja Kunegunda Siestrzanek-Karnicka b. 1787.

Above Antoni Piotr Jozef Komorowski / Antoni Piotr Jozef Kajetan Jan Walenty Adam Komorowski, b. 1769 in Sushno / SUSZNO, was the son of
Jakub Bartlomiej Komorowski 1697 - 1781,
who was the son of
Michal Jozef Komorowski b. ca 1670,
and the grandson of
Jan Komorowski b. ca 1640 - 1700, who came from Stefan Komorowski and Katarzyna.

Above Stefan KOMOROWSKI had also son Adam Komorowski who had the son
Jan Komorowski d. 1719, and the grandsons:
Stefan Aleksander Mamert Komorowski [Stefan was father of Barbara Zofia Dambska and Jan Komorowski];
Adam Ignacy Komorowski;
Ignacy Komorowski [with son Jozef Joachim Komorowski ca 1735 - 1800] and
Piotr Komorowski [the father of Konstancja Magdalena Popiel and Michal Komorowski
with a son Cyprian Kajetan Komorowski b. 1776, d. 1858 in L'viv].

Above Wladyslaw Symforian Ordega b. in Kozminek, d. in Paris, 1828-1896,
the son of
Jozef ORDEGA and Antonina Kielczewska.

Jozef Ordega, 1802-1879, was the next of kin to Jan Ordega, 1784-1871, the owner of Zelechow, m. in 1819, in Piotrkow Trybunalski, to Karolina Wilhelmina Dangel, 1787-1851.

Jan Ordega, 1784-1871 of ZELECHOW, the son of Marcin Ordega b. ca 1755 and Justyna Wezyk.
Marcin b. ca 1755, and Lukasz b. ca 1760, were the brothers ?
Jozef Ordega b. 1802, was the son of Lukasz Ordega, b. ca 1760.

Franciszek KOWALSKI b. ca 1745, died in 1823, the owner of Mantyki, and Dabrowka in the Sieradz province, m. in ca 1775 to Marianna Wyrzyska, the 2nd to Zuzanna Ordega.

Jan Ordega, b. 1784, the owner of ZELECHOW in latach 1827-1871, the FREEMASON.

The owner of Zelechow in 1782 - Fabian Sebastian Roman from Krzynowloga Mala in the Przasnysz county;
in 1786 - Franciszek Placyd Roman;
in 1792 - Ignacy Wyssogota Zakrzewski until a death in 1802, MP, and the owner of CHOCEN.
In 1802 - Jan Nepomucen Sokolnicki; then his widowed wife, Konstancja Sokolnicka.
In 1813 - new landlord of Zelechow, Tadeusz Wyssogota Zakrzewski, the son of named Ignacy Zakrzewski, MP, the grandson of Izydor Wyssogota-Zakrzewski.
In 1824 - Jan Ordega bougt Zelechow.
In 1825 - Zelechow was bought by the daughters of Baron Tomasz Michal DANGEL.
In 1827 - Karolina ORDEGA nee DANGEL. She was married above Jan Ordega. He rebuilt the palace in 1838 and the cementary in 1852.
In 1829 - 1831 Joachim Lelewel acted here [his family had a family in Krzynowloga Mala] in ZELECHOW.
In the 50' of the 19th century Romuald Traugutt served here for 8 years.

Jan Ordega, 1784-1871, the owner of Zelechow, m. in 1819, in Piotrkow Trybunalski, to Karolina Wilhelmina Dangel, 1787-1851;
with children:
1.
Alfons Piotr Jan Ordega, b. 1820, m. Bronislawa Medrzecka. He was the owner of Zelechow.
2.
Olimpia Zofia SZYDLOWSKA Ordega, 1826-1906 + August Szydlowski, 1813-1894;
3.
Jan Artur Wojciech Ordega, Jr. - the owner of Stary Goniwilk and ZELECHOW.
He was born in 1828, d. in 1898 in Zelechow, the son of Jan Ordega and Karolina Wilhelmina Dangiel / Dangel / Ordega. Jan Artur married Michalina Maria Gertruda Bienkowska, b. ca 1820.
Jan Artur was the father of Michal Euzebiusz Ordega
[Michal ORDEGA, b. 1862 - d. in 1927 in Warsaw + Emilia BLOCH Holynska, 1870-1940, 1-voto KSAWERY HOLYNSKI, b. 1856 in Chelmsk,
the son of Walerian Holynski + Ewelina Ewa Broel-PLATER;
the grandson of
Michal Holynski, 1784-1854 + Elzbieta TOLSTOJ;
the great-grandson of
Jan Holynski / Ivan Holynsky, 1746-1817 + Barbara KASZYC;
the great-great-grandson of
Jozef Antoni Holynski b. ca 1728 + Petronela ZUKOWSKA;
the son of
Kazimierz Holynski b. ca 1670 + Teofila Moskiewicz.
Kazimierz was the son of Stefan Kazimierz Holynski, b. 1630 / ca 1640, d. 1701 + Izabela OSTANKIEWICZ b. ca 1650.

Jozef Hurko-Romejko JUNIOR, b. ca 1750/1760,
was the son of
SENIOR Jozef Hurko / JOZEF HURKO - ROMEJKO, born ca 1710 - in 1759-1780 the Vitebsk chamberlain. Jozef Hurko / Gurko, senior, was maybe the son of
JAN HURKO, born ca 1680 from KROTOWSZE-KRYNKI.

Christina Golynskaya (Krystyna Holynska) was the third daughter of Stefan HOLYNSKI / Stephen Holynski b. ca 1630/1640. Stefan Kazimierz Holynski, b. 1630 / ca 1640, d. 1701 + Izabela OSTANKIEWICZ b. ca 1650.
Krystyna m. Konstantynowicz and Hurko, nee Holynska, gave her estate in will to her brother Kazimierz HOLYNSKI, and to her sister Frantiska / Franciszka Holynska. In 1718, she sold the Chodun estate in the hands of the Order of Jesuits.


See on above Wladyslaw LASKI:

Stefania Ilinski (1841 - 1920) m. Wladyslaw LASKI = Lasek, banker, in 1870 the President of the International Bank in St. Petersburg.
The group included the Petersburg International Bank and Russian Bank for Foreign Trade from Russian side. Their rivals may be called as 'Rothschilds' group', including besides Rothschilds their allies with the Petersburg Discount and Loan Bank. The French side included Credit lyonnais [see Duflon and Konstantynowicz Company] and Credit industriel et commercial. Petersburg International Bank and Petersburg Discount and Loan Bank acted as intermediaries between the syndicate and the Russian government.

WLADYSLAW LASKI / Vladislav Ljasskij (1831-1889) and Discount and Loan Bank's director, Abram Zak (d. 1893) played the roles of financial advisers of Ivan Vyshnegradsky, the Russian minister of Finance in 1888-1892. The minister was suspected of close connections with 'Rothschilds' group'. The Duflon and Konstantynowicz Company co-operated with the St. Petersburg Discount and Loan Bank. The St. Petersburg Discount and Loan Bank was cooperating especially closely with the St. Petersburg International Bank by taking part "in the military industrial group to build submarines for the Baltic Navy. The group included Lessner's Plant and Nobel's Plant in St. Petersburg, which played a leading role in the group, as well as Fenix, Atlas, and Gatchinsky Ironworks".

Guchkov Alexander Ivanovich b. 1862, political and public figure, banker, was Director of Moscow Discount Bank; heading a defence Commission 1907-10. In St Petersburg, he was a member of St Petersburg Discount and Loan Bank's board.
From 1915, he was Chairman of the Central Military-Industrial Committee and a member of Special Meeting for defence. At the end of 1916, he designed plans for dynastic coup.

We know on Stefania Ilinski (1841 - 1920) m. Wladyslaw LASKI = Lasek, banker, in 1870 the President of the International Bank in St. Petersburg.
Stefania Ilinska was the daughter of Janusz Ilinski / Jan Ilinski, b. 1785 in Romanow;
the granddaughter of Jozef August Ilinski b. 1760 [the friend of TADEUSZ GRABIANKA !];
the great-granddaughter of Jan Kajetan Benedykt Ilinski, b. 1731.

Jozef August Ilinski, the Tadeusz Grabianka's supporter:
Jozef August Ilinski b. 1760 or in 1766 in Romanow in the Zytomierz county, MP, senator, chamberlain, Polish and Russian general lieutenant and the general inspector in 1792;
a Maltese bachelor in 1797.


The Hutten-Czapski and Sobanski branch:

Css Jozefa Eleonora Justyna Hutten-Czapska b. in 1846 + Jan Walenty Burzynski;

Aleksander Hutten-Czapski + Jadwiga Sobanska.
Above Sobanska was the daughter of Leon Anastazy Dluszcz-Sobanski, 1824-1898 + Helena Holynska, 1833-1896 in Wilno.
The granddaughter of
Michal Holynski, ca 1782-1854 + Elzbieta Tolstoj b. 1773;
above Michal Holynski, ca 1782-1854, was the son of Ivan = Jan Holynski, b. 1817 + Barbara KASZYC;
Jan was the son of Jozef Antoni Tadeusz Holynski and Petronela ZUKOWSKA.
Jozef Antoni Holynski b. ca 1730, was the son of Kazimierz Holynski and Teofila MOSKIEWICZ.
Kazimierz Holynski was the son of Stefan Kazimierz Holynski b. ca 1630/1640, and Izabela Ostankiewicz, b. ca 1650.

Aleksander Nikodem SOLTYK
{b. ca 1650, the son of BAZYLI SOLTYK.
Remember -
Jozef Franciszek Soltyk, died in 1735, the Lublin governor in 1731-1735, the BELZ governor in 1724-1731, the PODOLE official.
Jozef Soltyk was the son of named above Aleksander Nikodem Soltyk and his first wife Zuzanna HOLYNSKA / Golynski.
Jozef Soltyk was the brother of the Chelmno bishop, Maciej Aleksander SOLTYK and the PRZEMYSL governor, Mikolaj Aleksander SOLTYK}
+ Zuzanna HOLYNSKA / Zuzanna Soltyk (Golynska, b. ca 1660, was the daughter of WOJCIECH Holynski born 1627, and TEOFILA Zacwilichowska, b. ca 1630 / 1635 / 1640).

Kazimierz Holynski, b. ca 1670 - the son of
Stefan Kazimierz Holynski, b. ca 1630/1640, the MSCISLAW official, and Izabela Ostankiewicz.

IZABELA HOLYNSKA (born OSTANKIEWICZ in 1650) married STEFAN HOLYNSKI = STEFAN Kazimierz Holynski born in 1630/1640, d. 1701.
They had 7 children:
KAZIMIERZ HOLYNSKI, b. ca 1670;
FRANCISZKA HOLYNSKA, b. ca 1665;
Teofila Wojna;
Jan Michal Holynski;
Krystyna Holynska b. ca 1680, was married 2nd to Romeyko-Hurko; Krystyna Holynska was the 1st wife of Franciszek Konstantynowicz {the great owner close to KRZYCZEW in the Mscislaw province};
and BARBARA HURKO, and 1 other.

Above Stefan Kazimierz Holynski b. ca 1630/1640, was the son of Dawid Holynski, 1580-1663, and Teodora SURYN.

Stefan Kazimierz Holynski / Golynski was the brother of
Helena Kolska;
Aleksander Holynski, 1640-1720,
and Jakub Holynski, 1638-1710.

And maybe Stefan Kazimierz Holynski born ca 1630/1640, was the half-brother of WOJCIECH Holynski born 1627 + TEOFILA Zacwilichowska, b. ca 1630 / 1635 / 1640.

Zuzanna Holynska = Zuzanna Soltyk (Golynska), b. ca 1660, was the daughter of Wojciech Holynski and Teofila Zacwilichowska, b. ca 1640.

KAZIMIERZ Holynski of the MSCISLAU province, b. ca 1670, was brother of Franciszka Holynska born ca 1665; and of Krystyna Romeyko-Hurko - Konstantynowicz born ca 1680.


My research concerns many state intelligence networks created in the first half of the 18th century.

Initially it was a global political network of the Russian intelligence infiltrated by the British [1791], French [from the 40s of the 18th century] and Germans [1769/1776], and by the Polish independence conspiracy [was established 1792/1799] starting from a years 1870/1878.

A few details after 10 years of my websites ie in 2013:

My grandfather Jerzy Konstantynowicz / Marian Stankiewicz / Marys / Marian Konstantynowicz was rarely at home before The Second World War. He traveled often for longer. With these expeditions brought particular trophies. What it was? These trophies from the trips were the Bolshevik guns called "revolver" or "Nagan" with a large caliber. He had a drawer in his office in the garrison of the 77th infantry regiment in Lida, full of them always. Probably, he killed enemies acc. to my father, on behalf of the Polish state. So my father spoke to us, grandfather often had to be on a secret trip to the Soviet Union. When he left the garrison and was in the central Poland, it received the nick-name Stankiewicz.
For his interlocutors he took as a gift the Bolshevik guns.
Once he was at the anniversary meeting of the members of the Polish Military Organization in Krakow and he was wearing a colonel's uniform. He had several biographies: according to one worked for the mobilization department of the Ministry of Defence. According to another legend, was a accountant.
Still other data said that already in Tsarist Russia was learning to future employee of military intelligence, probably in the range of encryption and radio. The course includes swam on the Russian battleship - "Petropavlovsk". During World War I it was stationed in Helsinki. In 1918, in Miezonka and Bobruisk he walked in uniform of the tsarist army probably "junker", very decorative, according to his colleague from Miezonka.
Also Jerzy Konstantynowicz, the son of Anna Armand + Apolon Konstantynowicz, used the birth certificate of Marian Konstantinovich, who died shortly after birth, but he was baptized. The new born baby died when his mother Anna also died - she was from the home of Malkiewicz family. These false documents indicated to Stanislaus Konstantynowicz as his adoptive father.
When in 1939 he was in a camp for Polish interned soldiers in Palanga, Lithuania has used for identification in contact with the family, a sailing ship picture.
In 1947 he settled near to Buenos Aires, Argentina. After 1948 all marks after him are interrupted. It is known, however, that he was in Mexico aft. ca 1950. No one knows where or when he died.

Before the Second World War my grandfather Jerzy or Marian Konstantynowicz did not have in the then Poland any family of his parents.
My family in the twenties and thirties of the twentieth century, was running an extensive exchange of correspondence mainly from Estonia and in second place with Finland and Latvia. At a later point were letters from Lithuania.

A revenge on the family of George / Jerzy aka Marian Konstantynowicz, which - since 1945 - found themselves in the new Communist Poland, was also terrible.
There is no exact date of the death of his elder son John / Jan Konstantynowicz (he died ca 30 Nov. 2003; in the forties of the 20th century taken name Stankiewicz) and wife of the same Jan, Marianne Konstantynowicz. They had broken heads with blood.
His younger son, Edward Guido Konstantynowicz died in a strange and mysterious circumstances on the night 02 November 1987 / November 3, 1987 year. I think that is from the hands of the communist forces. Around 25/28 October 1987 I took informations on three person: Zbigniew Natkanski, Ewa Chudzik married K., and I. G. m. K. that they acted against me both and under command of intelligence services of the communist Poland.
The person, Wojciech, who met with my father on November 2, 1987 year died in a year after my discovery of father's death around 1995. But intelligence agency sent to me Wojciech's friend - a woman in 2001/2004, and again ca 2010/2014, very black hairs, b. ca 1965, Jew probably, drinker.

I wanted to talk to father on November 2, 1987 the course of the very important issues that surround our family in communist Poland, but my father went away suddenly, out of this world. The revenge touched Edward's sons in 1987 - 2014. A tomb of the wife of Marian aka George Konstantynowicz - Stankiewicz, or Marian Konstantynowicz this is Sophia Konstantynowicz, nee Plaszczewska of Vilnius, also no longer exist (d. 1987).


KAZAN and Miezonka - the Konstantynowiczs: In 1840 Louis Francois Clement BREGUET devised a thermometer that registered temperature electrically, and recorded a temperature of minus 42 degrees Celsius at Kazan, Russia. Breguet, Louis Francois Clement b. Paris, in 1804, d. 1883. His grandfather, Abraham, from Neuchatel [and MURAT here], was a clockmaker in Paris; "his shop was established as early as 1775. Louis's father, Antoine, became Abraham's partner in 1807. After spending some time in Neuchatel with his godfather when he was about eight, Louis was apprenticed to Perrelet, in Versailles, for two years, and then joined his father and grandfather. From 1824 to 1827 he worked with Barral in Geneva in order to improve his craft, and upon his return to Paris worked on naval chronometers". "After 1830 Breguet turned to making electrical instruments ... His first electric clocks date from 1839. In 1840 he devised a thermometer that registered temperature electrically, and recorded a temperature of minus 42 in Kazan, Russia. Work on induced currents with Antoine Masson in 1842 led to the creation of a genuine induction coil, a feat later ascribed to Heinrich Ruhmkorff in 1851. In 1843 Breguet created, for Francois Arago, an apparatus with a revolving mirror ... for measuring the speed of light. It was used in Fizeau's experiments". "Breguet was then named designer-manufacturer to the Bureau des Longitudes. He ... constructed the Foy-Breguet instrument used in the French telegraphic system. In 1856 Breguet's firm made the first clocks to transmit time electrically". "In 1873 his son, Antoine Breguet junior, became his partner, and the Breguets turned to electrotechnics ... the company produced Daniell and Leclanche batteries, arc lamps, and Gramme dynamos. Metal thermometers, barometers, and manometers were made ... experimental aluminum helicopters for Antoine Penaud, a pioneer in aeronautics. In 1876 Cornelius Roosevelt, representing Bell in Paris, put the Breguet firm in charge of setting up the French telephone system. The first Exposition Internationale d'Electricite was opened in Paris in 1881, and Antoine Breguet was the director of the installation services. Before his death Antoine collaborated with Charles Richet in founding the Revue scientifique (1881) ... On 1 January 1882, Louis Breguet retired, leaving his son in charge, but within two years both had died". Breguet and his London's co-owner in Russia started work with Duflon in St Petersburg and Apolon Konstantynowicz in Moscow.


This is Russian intelligence net: Sibiu, Timisoara, Bielsko-Biala, the Andrychow county with Roczyny and Inwald; Kobryn with Antopol at west Belarus; Wajgawa / Wajgowo close to Szawle with link to PAKOSC; Kublicze with link to Miezonka; Wyznica, Czerniowce, Botosani, Suczawa, Iasi / Jassy, Ploiesti, Bucuresti, Kiszyniow, Podhajce, Skala Podolska, and Miezonka / Meshonka, Berezyna / Berezino, Lubuszany / Luboszany in the central-east Belarus, with Swolna in the Vicebsk / Witebsk province; MSCISLAU / Mscislaw in eastern Belarus; Karsawa, Mitawa / Mitau in Courland / Latvia; and Sterling castle in Scotland; Viljandi in Estonia; Rezekne in Latvia, Dryssa in Belarus, Monasterszczyna / Monasterszczyzna in Russia; Chocen, Bialaczow, Zelechow, Police and Szczecin-Pogodno, Sedziszow Malopolski, Chruszczobrod with the Andrychow district, Wadowice, Inwald, and Jedlno west to Radomsko. Romani peoples in Lipno, Chocen, Jews in Krasne and Leszno close to Przasnysz; Pleszew with Orpiszewek, Raszkow, Sobotka, Bieganin; Kozmin Wielkopolski with Srem; Margonin, Chodziez, Wies Margoninska with Ignalina in Lithuania, Bratoszewice and Glowno, Zgierz, Domaradzew, Popow Glowienski / Popowo Glowienskie; Wola Wiazowa and Wola Pszczolecka with Kalinowa / Kalinowo, Charlupnia Wielka and Charlupnia Mala, Blaszki, Pajeczno; the Zilina / Zilin district in north-west Slovakia and somebody was intermarried to the Armand family in Moscow, with Klemensow, Bodaczow in the south part of the Lublin province; and Romani peoples of the Andrychow district: Kiszczak, Milewski and Kaczorowski. And ZILINA has links to the Paszkowski-Armand-Demonsi-Konstantynowicz-Piottuch Kublicki-Staroch Siedoch of Kazan branch. Vladimir Armand joined a Social Democratic propaganda group in Moscow and was arrested but his sister Anna Evgen'evna helped finance party organizations. They lived in Pushkino, according to JoAnn Ruckman, 'Moscow Business Elite...', edit. 1984, p. 61 and by Egor Nazarenko - a great grandson of one of Evgenii Armand's brothers. They owned house in Moscow, but in summer lived in Finland. The Eugene family intermarried with the families: Demonsi-Shnaubert-Mathiesen-Bunkin-Tsitsin, Konstantynowicz and Manfred, Kohl - Osipov, Pampel / Papmel - Mazing, Vdovin, Stepanov, Stephen, Wild, Karasev, Fedosov, Egorov, Zhurin, Pichnikovyh - Shaposhnikov - Zilina or in Zilina in Austrian-Hungary Slovakia {see Pola Negri in LIPNO}, Cardo - Sysoev, Fallen, Shapiro (Jews ?), Romas (Gypsy ?) and others like Demontet / Demonsi / Demonets, Kazan ca 1835 - 1839 and in Kazan was Breguet with visit ca 1840/1842. This is the line to DOMINIK Konstantynowicz, the owner of Miezonka in 1842 {here the Konstantynowicz family in 1842 - November 1918} - he was from a branch of Miezonka, Kazan, Moscow and Tallinn-Nomme with Viljandi in Estonia, and in LODZ, Bydgoszcz. Dominik's sons: Antoni Konstantynowicz b. ca 1833, of Miezonka and Wasyl Konstantynowicz of Kazan. Dominik's relative: The Minsk Governorate Middle School {not in Volhynia!}, in June 1829, award to Wincenty Konstantynowicz together with: Julian Jacyna, Tadeusz Dybowski, Ignacy Kreyczman, Leon Mirecki, Alexander Bielecki, Antoni Godziewski. Acc. to Kuryer Litewski in August 1829; ie. 11 years old Wincenty Konstantynowicz was born in 1818. Stanislaw Soltan, b. 27.8.1756 - died in 1836 in Mitawa, General, secret acted in 1793 and in 1812. He had children among others: 1. Adam Leon Ludwik Soltan; 2. Karolina SOLTAN Piottuch-Kublicka, b. ca 1790 + Jozef Piottuch-Kublicki, b. ca 1780. This is link to Kublicze and Russian intelligence net in USA with RESET and Globalization. And Piottuch-Kublicki - Soltan - Szumski branch intermarried the Konstantynowiczs ca 1832 - my line and the owners of MIEZONKA in 1842-1918.


Artur A. Nepokojchitsky / Artur Niepokojczycki owned the estate Ostashevo [ca 1840 - 1854]. Until 1861 it was called Aleksandrovskoe-Ostashevo; Arthur Adamovich Nepokojchitsky was born in Slutsk [or in Niepokojczyce close to Zabianka and to Brzesc] in the family of Adam Niepokojczycki [von Unruh], the district leader of the nobility, on December 8, 1813, when the war with Napoleon rattled. N. P. Shipov took OSTASHEVO since 1854 or before [Nikolai P. Shipov, to 1903 {b. ca 1830 ?}. Nikolai Shipov, JUNIOR, the son of PAVEL SHIPOV, junior, was one of the greatest agricultural innovators. Nikolai Smirnov, P., and Nikolai Shipov traveled together. PAVEL junior b. ca 1795/1800 had a brother, Sergei Shipov b. 1790. In 1813 until 1844, the serf entrepreneur Nikolai Shipov SENIOR roamed the Russian Empire. Aleksey Feofilaktovich Pisemsky b. 1821, a Russian novelist and dramatist, was born at his father's Ramenye estate in the Chukhloma province of Kostroma. His parents were retired colonel Feofilakt Gavrilovich Pisemsky and his wife Yevdokiya Shipov. Nikolai's junior brother was Ivan Pavlovich Shipov (1865-1919) was an Imperial Russian Politician. Ivan Pavlovich Shipov after graduating from the Imperial Alexander Lyceum, entered the Ministry of Finance. He rose to the position of Assistant Director of the Special Credit Office, and was eventually Director of the General Office (Ministerial Chancellery). In addition, Ivan Pavlovich Shipov served on the Board of the State Bank in 1902-1905. In 1905, he was appointed Minister of Finance during the Witte government. In 1906, he left that position when Witte resigned, due in part to his long association with Witte. He was executed by the Bolsheviks in 1919]. Nikolai Shipov junior had a son Dmitry Shipov, b. 1851. DMITRY was the founder of the All-Zemstvo Organization, which was banned shortly after it was founded in 1896. He was elected chairman in the first Zemstvo Assembly from 6-9 November 1904 during the Zemstvo Congress. Piotr Swiatopelk Mirski / Pyotr Dmitrievich Sviatopolk-Mirsky gave permission for their assembly. Alexander Guchkov and Dmitry Shipov refused to work with the reactionary. "... Witte was in October 1905, charged with the task of assembling the nation's first cabinet government, and he offered the liberals several portfolios (Ministry of Agriculture to Shipov; Ministry of Trade and Industry to Guchkov; Ministry of Justice to Koni; Ministry of Education to Trubetskoy; Milyukov and Lvov were also offered ministerial posts). None of these liberals agreed to join the government...". Most remarkable of the Shipovs was Sergei Pavlovich Shipov (1790-1876), that is SERGEI the son of PAVEL senior born ca 1760. PAVEL junior b. ca 1795/1800 had a brother, Sergei Shipov b. 1790. Nikolai's junior [b. ca 1830] brother was Ivan Pavlovich Shipov (1865-1919). Sergei Shipov, b. in 1790, was descended from a well-to-do gentry family in Kostroma province. In 1832 he served Ministry of War. 1841 - 1846 the governor of KAZAN - compare DEMONSI and Wasyl Konstantynowicz + Breguet in KAZAN + V. A. KOKOREV in KAZAN ca 1843 {1844 tax reform note on farms; near LIKHACHEV before 1844; 1843-1844 he had two farms close to Kazan}. SERGEI born 1790, had youngers brothers [the textile manufacturing - see also ARMAND: DMITRII P. Shipov - a governor; and Pavel born ca 1795/1800; and maybe the serf entrepreneur Nikolai Shipov SENIOR roamed the Russian Empire in 1813 until 1844]. Nikolai P. Shipov owned to 1903 the Ostashevo estate (his son Dmitry Nikolaevich Shipov b. on 14 May 1851 - d. 14 January 1920). His brother Ivan Pavlovich Shipov (1865-1919) was an Imperial Russian Politician. Mentioned Dmitry Nikolaevich Shipov (14 May 1851 - 14 January 1920) was a Russian liberal Slavophile politician of the 19th and 20th century. Shipov acted as a political mentor of Georgy Lvov, Russia's future first Prime Minister [see Tadeusz Wolanski, slavophile in PAKOSC and Leon Czolgosz killer of McKinley in 1901]. Karl Wilhelm also known as Karl Vasilievitj Hagelin was born in St. Petersburg in 1860. His parents Wilhelm Hagelin (1828-1901) and Anna Lovisa Eriksdotter (1818-1870) ... In 1861, the family moved to the Volga where his father worked for a period as a second engineer on passenger boats and towboats. ... In autumn 1870, he started at the Givochini boarding school in Nizhny Novgorod ... In 1875, thanks to a recommendation from family friend A. I. Sandstrom, he was accepted into the design workshop at the shipbuilding factory belonging to D. P. Shipov in Kostroma. He received his first real assignment working on the designs for a motorboat, ... and two smaller steamers ... he was employed as a mechanic at the Kaukaz & Mercury shipping company in Astrakhan, where he worked on preparing boats ... he met two Swedes, N. Qvarnstrom and master mechanic Westvall, with whose recommendation he was able to secure employment as a mechanic in the instrument workshop at the Nobel paraffin factory in Baku. Hagelin's first working day at Robert Nobel's factory was on 4 April 1879. ... During his initial period in Baku (1879-1883), Wilhelm ... assisted chemist E. Tell ... When engineer Alfred Tornqvist returned from his trip to the USA and started setting up a new paraffin factory, Hagelin was given a job as a draughtsman. ... he decided to apply to the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm. In order to pass the entrance exams, he took private lessons from engineer A. B. Lambert in mathematics, physics and chemistry. After two years in Sweden, he wrote to Branobel's managing director, J.G. Crusell, explaining his desire to return to Russia and take up his position again. ... Ludvig Nobel invited Hagelin to St. Petersburg. Wilhelm was given a post in the technical laboratory where he experimented with chemical processes for production of light oil fractions. ... In 1891, he was first promoted to technical director and then office manager in Baku. ... In 1900, he was recalled to St. Petersburg to replace M. J. Belyamin as the company's chairman of the board ... In 1906, he was appointed Swedish consul general in St. Petersburg (1906-1911). ... In spring 1917, Hagelin travelled to Baku, continuing onboard the K.W. Hagelin motorboat to Astrakhan ... Wilhelm left Russia and spent a year abroad, but in July 1918 he was back for a shorter visit ... The remaining directors M. Belyamin, G. Nobel and A. Belonozhkin tried at numerous meetings to solve the burning issue of how the company's trading rights and authority could be protected. Hagelin's last attempt to enter Russia via Constantinople failed and on 3 July 1920 he was forced to return to Stockholm. ... he, together with Immanuel Nobel / Emmanuel Nobel / Lyudvigovich Emanuel Nobel b. 1859, joined the Aktiebolaget Cryptograph company under the management of Arvid Gerhard Damm (where Wilhelm's son, Boris Hagelin, also worked for a time).


George Washington and Thomas Jefferson closely connected with Bystrzanowski and Tadeusz Kosciuszko after 1776. For the first time, by Polish, after about 240 years, I give one of the names, a person who accompanied Tadeusz Kosciuszko to Martynika in the summer of 1776. We have two sources here by English, including one book from the first half of the 19th century. The following layout, configuration is created: Freemasonry and General George Washington / Jerzy Washington - Bystrzanowski Szafraniec or {B. Bystrzanowski / Bronislaw, acc. to me} Bystrzanowski / Br. Bystrzonowski {Br. = Brother ?}, a Polish soldier who came over to America, the US country, Freemason, together with Tadeusz Kosciuszko / Tadheus Kosciusko in the Summer of 1776 - the Bystrzanowski / Soltyk family from Sekursko - Trzebniow - Dabrowno {a line to Konarski and Kell - MI5}; closely affiliated with the KIEDRZYNSKI family of KAMYK - Kiedrzyn near Czestochowa and Bleszynski of Wielgomlyny [in SEKURSKO of Bystrzanowski]; the Paszkowski family: Jan Paszkowski [Dabrowno with Sebastian Bystrzanowski]; 1. Wojciech Paszkowski [Trzebniow belonged to Sebastian Bystrzanowski, and the estate was managed by Wojciech Paszkowski who was the friend to Artur Potocki - the bearer of the Templar degree of the Freemasonry +
General Franciszek Maksymilian Paszkowski in CRACOW in 1830/1832 + the Templars around General Franciszek Paszkowski in Cracow after 1840 - the line to Duke Kent in Scotland
- the line to Demonsi of KAZAN; Armand of Moscow {+ Maria Wilhelmina Paszkowska Armand + Anna Konstantynowicz / Lenin and Inessa Armand / Lenin};
Breguet {+ Kazan, St. Petersburg, Duflon, Venture de Paradise, Maleszewski - Poniatowski, Jozef Sulkowski};
Duflon {+ Drzewiecki + Martynov / Katenin / Orlov Denisov} + Konstantynowicz / Armand in Moscow, Swolna, Miezonka, Nomme-Tallinn];
2.
and next son General Franciszek Paszkowski + political relationships with General Stanislaw Fiszer + the Mielzynski family + General Tadeusz Kosciuszko
[Kosciuszko - the friend of Thomas Jefferson - the ILLUMINATI - see Polish conspirators:
Szaniawski,
Horodyski,
Neyman,
Soltyk,
and MALESZEWSKI - 1789 in France and the ILLUMINATI - Breguet and KAZAN].


My research concerns many state intelligence networks created in the first half of the 18th century.

Initially it was a global political network of the Russian intelligence infiltrated by the British [1791], French [from the 40s of the 18th century] and Germans [1769/1776], and by the Polish independence conspiracy [was established 1792/1799] starting from a years 1870/1878.

Julian Bulhak and Aldona Dzierzynski Kojallowicz Bulhak at the Bobruisk region.
Properties of the Bulhak family in the Minsk province and others regions:
Zawołoczyce that is Заволочицы, Zavalochycy, Zavolochicy, Zavolochitsy close to Simanavichi; west of Glusha, ca 38 km west of Bobruisk / Bobruisk.
Zawołoczyce, here was Bernardine filial chapel in the village. Zawołoczyce that is Заволочицы, Zavalochycy / Zavolochicy, Zavolochitsy close to Simanavichi; west of Glusha, ca 38 km west of Bobruisk / Bobruisk.
The Bulhak family:
Ліпень (Халуі) / Липень (Холуи) / Lipień (Chołuje) / Lipień (Chałui) or Халуйцы / Халуйск / Холуйск / Chołujce or Lipen / Lipien, at way from Osipovichi to Svisloch, south-west of Swislocz, and north-west of Bobruisk.
In 1859 - the estate Matseevich / Matsevichi / Mateevichi;
1890, the estate Bluza / Блужа-Городно close to Poddiegtiarnia, north-west of Talka, ca 26 km north-west of Osipovichi / Osipowicze / Asipovichy, and west of Lipien of Bulgak / Bulhak family, west of Lapichi, south-east of Marina-Gorka;
Булгак Софья Ипполитовна b. 08.09.1886, Колесничи of the Копыльского р-н., south-west of Marina Gorka, south-east of Uzda, north of Sluck; d. Nov. 1937.

Булгак Викентий Игнатьевич b. 1902 in Побоковичи, south-west of Osipovichi, close to Osovo, Stavishche, Protasievichi, near by Poplawy, Derevcy, Dubrolevo;

Булгак Героним Станиславович b. 1855 in Сутин or Sucin, 11 km south-west of Talka, and west of Osipovichi / Osipowicze; was living in Дворище to 1937.

Kamionka or Matseevich from Lipovskii in 1861 and Мацевичи / Matsevichi of Bulhak in 1867 - Mateevichi, south of Ugodino, near by Kamienka / Kamionka; west of Talka, and south of Marina Gorka;
Булгак Борис Николаевич b. 1907 in Macevichi / Мацевичи.

Матевичи / Мацевичи / Matewitschi / Maciejewicze i.e. Macevicy (inf. about location above), and Zuki, Budzilowka and Kondratowicze.

Budzilowka / Будзиловка in the Беломльская волость / Bielomlskaja volost; Zabrodok / Забродок and Beresniewka / Бересневка to the Bulhak family / Булгак. Беломльская волость was in the Berezina parish / Березинский church. Biegoml / Bjagolm is north of Borisow. But Бересневка is also in the Боровицкий сельсовет, the Kirov district / Кировский район - south of Kliczew; Krasny Brzeg south of Dobosnia / Dobysna - the Bulhak family property. Кухтичи close to Uzda, west; near by Rakosziczi, Siemienowiczi, east of Stolbcy, Stolbce; west of Marina Gorka. Булгак Степан Степанович b. 1893 in Луки / Luki close to Stolbce; d. after 1933. Насыцк near by Talka, south-east of Marina Gorka, north-west of Osipovichi / Osipowicze, near by Kamienka / Kamionki. And above Камионки or Kamienka close to Talka, north-west of Osipovichi. Борки - Borki close to Sbyschi / Zbyszyn of Brujewicz and close to Tschigirinka of Bulgak / Bulhak family, close to Kolbowa. Булгак Иван Цезарович b. 1907 in Borki / Борки, Бобруйского р-на; Булгак Эдуард Владимирович b. 1907 in Stankow / Станково, the Дзержинский / Dzierzynski region. Aldona Kojałłowicz Bułhak nee Dzierżyńska, 1870 - 1966. Aldona Dzierżyński, oldest sister of Feliks Dzierzynski, 1892 married to Gedymin Jerzy Bułhak (died 1908). Her son Antoni Bulhak died after 1970, was one of the aides of Marshal Jozef Pilsudski. Anthony George Bułhak / George Bulhak (using his middle name) / Jerzy Bulhak / Antoni Jerzy Bułhak, a Polish citizen, the son of Gediminas Bulhak and Aldona Dzierzynski / Dzerzhinsky, was born in Zawołoczyce, on March 3, 1898 (or he was baptized in Zawoloczyce - Bulhak estate was near by this chapel in the Marina Gorka region); married Wanda nee Juchniewicz, born in Vilnius, March 8, 1901, the daughter of Caesar / Cezary JUCHNIEWICZ and Mary nee Pilsudska / Maria Pilsudska / Maria Pilsudski. The marriage was April 11, 1923 in Vilnius.


Aldona nee Dzierzynski was living near by Ryszard Edward Wincenty Dzierżyński b. 1817, who was brother of Edmund Dzierzynski b. 1829 or (date of birth is mistake maybe) Эдмунд Руфин Иосифович Дзержинский / Edmund Rufin Iosifovich Dzierzynski, b. on 15 May 1838, died in 1882 (born in Oszmiany / Oshmiany / Ошмяны, the Wilno government / Виленская губ.). Details of the Bulhak family and Dzierzynski: BULHAK, J., Nieswiez, Slutsk, Minsk. In 1793 - Itel, called also Itol, was a village in Rechitsa District of Minsk Province, owned by Bulhak noble family. Acc. to map of Louis Antoine, Rue des noyers, 70 in Paris, and a German map of March 1943: village Zadoboszenie that is Beresniewka, close to Itol / Itel, south of Borki of 'Nadberezynce' and Gresznera village; Shilitschi = Zylicze, Beresniewka = Beresnewka, Czyhyrinka = Tschigirinka, Zbyszyn of the Brujewicz family = Sbyschin. Since 1801 - Itel was a village in Bobruisk District of Minsk Empire, owned by Bulhak noble family. In 1833, Jewish families rented the land from the Itel owner nobleman Bulhak and moved there. Dobosna river was the main road for local habitants. 40 km to Bobruisk. Zhylіchy / Zhilichi / Жиличи (Добосна / Dobosna), Кировский район - the Kirov district of Mogilev region; palace and park owned Bulhak family at the end of XVIII (E. Bulhak); it was built by Ignacy Bulhak / Ignatius Bulchak in the 30s of the XIX century; Ignatius Bulhak in the War of 1812 fought with the troops of Napoleon. East of Bobruisk, close to Staraja Dobosna and Borki - west, Pawlowiczi, Bortniki, Parchimkawiczi, Kopaczewka. In Bobrujsk - land marshal Ignacy Bułhak ca. 1788 died ca. 1838. Żylicze, Zhyliczy, Dabosnia / Dubośnia / Жиличи or Добосна / Dobośnia / Dubośna / Добасна - a village over the river of the same name. East of Bobruisk, close to Staraja Dobosna and west of Borki, close to Pawlowiczi, Bortniki, Parchimkawiczi, Kopaczewka; west of Tichiniczi. South-east of Kirowsk and Leszczenka. Owners: Gliński and Radziwills erected their residences; from the early nineteenth century to the Bolshevik Revolution was the manor house of Bulhak (Ignacy Bulhak, Edgar Bułhak and the last owner was Emanuel Bułhak) with a large palace in the classical style. In 1918, after the liquidation of Polish Corps and leaving these areas by the German army, the palace (the most beautiful Polish eastern borderlands) was ransacked, demolished, and finally burned by the local population, or by Bolshevik forces of Mikhail Tukhachevsky. Similar was an eclectic palace of Koziełł - Poklewski in Krasny Brzeg; built between 1890-1893 and designed by Eugene Szretter. Driving along the river Dobośna we got to the palace of Bulhak in Żylicze (it was to ca 2000); before World War I photographed the property of Dobośna Jan Bułhak. After World War I Dobośna was in the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic. The last owner Dobośna - Emanuel Bulhak not admitted to the relationship with the famous photographer Jan Bulhak, considered himself a better branch of the family, using the title prince. Bulhak Alexander (in the Slonim district, Siergiejewicze), with Andrzej Bułhak (Dobrzymol) and Jozefat Bulhak (Mołczad). 1930 in the Polesie and Volhynia: Bułhak Mikołaj - Sobiczyn, Bułhak Stefan - Siechnowicze, Bułhak Stefan - Żerdziki. Ліпень (Халуі) / Липень (Холуи) / Lipień (Chołuje) / Lipień (Chałui) or Халуйцы / Халуйск / Холуйск / Chołujce or Lipen / Lipien, at way from Osipovichi to Svisloch, south-west of Swislocz, and north-west of Bobruisk. 1762-1763 Franciszek Bułhak SJ, catholic priest. Bułhak Helena wife of Aleksander / Alexander Bulhak, her son Karol and Andrzej were livinig in Michałow close to Stołowicze, in the Nowodrodek province. Bułhak Witold owner of Mickiewicze Wielkie in the Kleck district. Inf. on Bułhak Gabriel, office clark in 1793 and 1810. Bułhak Leon, office clark, 1809, Bułhak Jan, in 1787. Gabriel Bułhak with Syrokomla coat of arms, born ca 1750, married in 1790, child: Ignacy Bulhak, the marshal of Bobrujsk, (Ignacy Bułhak / Ignatius Bulhak in the War of 1812 fought with the troops of Napoleon; was living east of Bobruisk, close to Staraja Dobosna; the land marshal in Bobruisk; born ca. 1788 died ca. 1838. See: Baron Grigory V. Rosen (1782-1841), Russian commander of the Napoleonic wars, General of Infantry, Adjutant General in 1818. Yegor Maksimovic Pillar / Pilar von Pilhau 1767-1830, the Russian commander of the Napoleonic wars, Maj.-Gen., von Pilhau Yegor Maksimovic or Georg Ludwig, from the family of a professional military, his father was retired major of the Polish army - Magnus Wilhelm von Pilar Pilhau 1734 - 1801) his grandson married to Zofia b. ca 1830. Jozef Bułhak ca 1840. Emmanuel de Bulhac / Emanuel Mieczysław Bułhak b. 1865, d. 1943, the Syrokomla coat of arms, duke, philosopher. He was son of Jozef Bułhak and Antonina nee Malinowski. Owner of Czehrynka and Dobośnia. After death of dad and uncles (Witold Bułhak that is Jozef Witold Bułhak, owner of Czehrynka / Czyhirinka [1834], close to Niemki, Kolbowo, south of Czeczewiczy, near by Drut' river, west-south-west of Stary Byhow, and south-east of Zbyszyn of the Brujewicz family and Borki of 'Nadberezyncy' book by Czarnyszewicz Florian), he taken Bułhak properties, with library in Dobośnia palace. Tchegrinka / Czehrynka through Tchechevitche, government of Minsk / Czehrynka, the Byhow district, Ozierany parish. Emanuel Mieczysław Bułhak was also owner of Bereśniowka / Bieresniowka, south-west of above Czehrynka / Czyhirinka, close to Sieliba, Niehowla, north of Dobysnia; near by Dobosna river / or Dobysna river, south-east of Miezonka of Konstantynowicz. Jerzy Bułhak-Jelski, b. 1900, d. 1972; parents: Czesław Jelski and Helena Moniuszko 1875-1946; grandparents: Jozef Jelski 1830-1879 with Cecylia Wołłowicz (her father Eustachy Wołłowicz 1797) and Donat Moniuszko with Izabela Bułhak - Syrokomla (her parents: Jozef Bułhak ca 1840 and Antonina Malinowska ca 1830; Izabela was sister of Emanuel Mieczysław Bułhak b. 1865); Emanuel Bułhak m. Jozefa Hutten-Czapski with daughter Izabella and Emanuel Bułhak adopted Jerzy Bułhak-Jelski and Władysław Bułhak). Emanuel Mieczysław Bułhak b. 1865, duke, son of Jozef Bułhak and Antonina Malinowski; Czehrynka and Dobośnia owner. Zofia Bułhak b. 1830, grandaughter of Ignacy Bulhak, marshal of Bobruisk. Married in 1860 to Henryk Wołłowicz b. ca 1820. Izabela Bułhak b. ca 1900 died 1930, was daughter of Emanuel Mieczysław Bułhak 1865-1943 and Jozefa Hutten-Czapska-Potulicka; parents of Emanuel Bulhak: Jozef Bułhak b. ca 1840 and above named Antonina Malinowska b. ca 1830. We know about Bułhak Teofila nee Wendorff. Wincenty, son of Stanisław Wincenty Michał Bulhak, 1807-09 office in Mozyr district. His wife Dubrawska / Dabrowska; relatives of Emanuel Bułhak. Ignacy Bulhak, his children: Эдгар Игнатьевич Булгак / Edgar Ignatievich Bulgak / Bulhak (inf. of 1905, Rohaczewski ujezd / Рогачевски уезд in the Moghilev government, owned Добосна / Dobosna and Skripnica / Скрипица in the Качеричска volost); Zofia Bułhak ca 1830 + Henryk Wołłowicz born ca 1820 (Jozef Wołłowicz ca 1860); Jozef Bułhak b. ca 1840 + Antonina Malinowska ca 1830 (Emanuel Mieczysław Bułhak 1865-1943, Izabela Bułhak ca 1870). Edgar Bułhak 1848-1922 with relatives: Gabriel Bułhak, Jozef Ślizień; Emanuel Mieczysław Bułhak 1865-1943 + 1890 Jozefa Hutten-Czapska-Potulicka from Stanisław Hutten-Czapski 1860-1922 and Jadwiga Maria Emilia Potulicka. Next of kin Jerzy Bułhak-Jelski 1900-1972, Donat Moniuszko ca 1850; Eliza Moniuszko, Helena Moniuszko; Ignacy Bułhak / Bulgakov Ignat: from Dobośnia, also called Żylicz. At the end of the eighteenth century Dobośnia was bought by Bulhak, the construction of the huge neoclassical palace began around 1825 by Ignacy / Ignatius Bulhak, marshal of the nobility of the Bobruisk county. Ignacy Bulgak / Bulhak was born approximately 1786 / 1788, d. 1848; from the Minsk government; he was son of Gabriel Bulhak, cavalry captain in 1784, Lida, a nobleman (Gabriel Bułhak was born ca 1750 or ca. 1754 and died ca. 1799; in Lida district or the Asmjany district?) and Fortunata Bułhak. He had four siblings: Jozef Bulhak / Joseph (1786-1865) and three unknown sisters; studied philosophy in 1810-1812 , Dorpat in Livonia. He was honorary curator of the school Bobrujsk area and marshal of Bobruisk in 1809-1825, a Knight of the Order of St. Anna 2nd class. Known as the benefactor of education, especially school of Bobrujsk, was twice married: Isabella Clara Ślizień / Izabella Klara Ślizień (1810-1834) in 1828 and to her sister Teresa nee Slizien (relatives: Michael Ślizień born about 1725, marshal of the nobility area of Borysow; owner in the Slonim area of Bohuszewicze; Joseph Ślizień born about 1760 died 1856, Mściże owner, the marshal of the nobility area of Borysow; Wilhelmina de Liebe, Antoinette Oborska, Teresa Ślizień born about 1790). From the first he had two children: Joseph Witold (1829-1892), a graduate of the University, and Sophia (1832-1881), from the other wife, was seven children: Oskar; Olgierd (1845-1871); Henry; Edgar (1848 - 1923); Isabella (born 1879); Wanda and Adela. He founded the ancestral residence in Dobośnia, in 1825; most of the goods in the Rohaczew district. Bułhak Edgar from Doboszna, gub. Mohilow, bought 'Polish Armorial' of Boniecki. 1870 in the Minsk government, Sluck district, the Lanska area - Kosmowicze; Kosmowicze / Kosmowiczi - close to Pukielevshcina, Bychovshcina, Tshanovici, north of Kleck, south of Niezviz / Nieswiez, near by Osmolowo, Lan, Leonowiczi. Gedymin Jerzy Bulhak b. 1856, m. 1892, to Aldona Dzierzynski, died 1908, lived in Mickiewicze. His grandfather Chryzostom Stanislaw Bulhak b. 1789, m. to Antonina Bulhak, estates: Ostrowek, Burdziewicze, Kozlowicze, Nowy Dwor close to Jelnica and Szabany, south-east of Minsk or Nowy Dwor close to Sluck!? And his grandfather Mikolaj Bulhak b. 1670, m. to Marianna Imielinski; estate Kosmowicze from Radziwill.


Aldona Kojallowicz Bulhak nee Dzierzynska, 1870 - 1966, acc. to http://www.geni.com/people/. Her son Antoni Bulhak b. 1898. His wife Wanda Bulhak nee Juchniewicz from Cezary Juchniewicz and Maria Juchniewicz nee Pilsudska, b. 1873. Maria Juchniewicz Pilsudska was daughter of Jozef Wincenty Piotr Pilsudski, b. 1833; and her brother was Marshal Jozef Klemens Pilsudski b. 1867. Antoni Bulhak died after 1970, was one of the aides of Marshal Jozef Pilsudski. The second son of above Aldona: Rudolf Bulhak b. 1895. Sister of above Aldona: Jadwiga Dzierzynska-Kuszelewska / Hedwig / Jadwiga Kuszelewski (1871 - 1949) + Konstanty Kuszelewski - Prawdzic (1857 - 1922). Her son: Jerzy Kuszelewski, 1895-1939. The Dzierzynski or Derzinskis house of Sulima arms was verified in Minsk 1819; a poorer members were administrators in the Wankowicz house; others were related to Bulhak family and held Pietrylowicze farm in the Asmjany district in 1838 / Oszmiany county, also Podgaj farm in Barysau district at the end of the 19th century. In Bobruisk church: in 1889, was baptized Henryka Wolska (she was born 1887 in Bobruisk / Bobrujsk), from nobility, her parents Henryk Wolski and Ludwika Maria nee Dzierzynska, Wolska (Ludvika Dzerzhinska Wolski from Zerdz, ujezd Rzeczyce). Witnesses Urszula Imbrowa and Ryszard Wolski. In 1889 was died Henryk Wolski, in Bobruisk, his parents: Henryk Wolski and Ludwika nee Dzierzynska. Iosif / Jozef Dzierzynski was born 1879 in Michaliszki / Михалишки, baptized 1889 in Bobruisk / Bobrujsk stronghold, his parents: Ryszard Edward Wincenty Dzierzynski, and Koleta nee Lozowska (Colette / Nicoleta / Koleta Lozovskaya Dzerzhinska / Nikoleta Lozowska Dzierzynska), Dzierzynska. Nobility from the Minsk government. Witnesses Karol Kuczynski and Ludwika Wolska wife of Henryk Wolski. Above Dzierżyński Ryszard Edward Wincenty was born in 1817. His first wife (?) Ostrowska Colette and second wife - Koleta nee Lozowska, Dzierzynska. About above named Zerdz village:
Zerdzia / Жэрдзь / Zerda or Zerdz / Жерда / Жердь, owners: (1889) Jozefa Fenska / Юзефа Людвиговна Фенская,
Marina nee Korsak / Марина Флорианова Корсак m. Wolska / Вольскa daughter of Florian Korsak (1876) and Tеофильa Флориановa Фенскa / Teofila Fenska; next Jan Jasztold-Howorko / Goworko / Иван Яштольд-Говорко, with his daughters: Maria Goworko / Howorko and Natalia Goworko;
Bildziukiewicz / Бильдзюкевич Леонид and Antoni Kisiel-Dorohinicki / Кисель-Дорогиницкий (in 1905 here was born his son).
The village was situated in the Homel oblast / Гомельская обл. close to Sosnowoborsk / Сосновоборск, before 1917 in the Minsk province / Минская губ., the Rzeczyce county / Речицкий у., Karpowicze area / Карповичская вол.; here were living the Rudzinski family / Рудинский. Compare Mohrenshildt. Zerda (Кремены and Староселье) was land of Konstanty Jasztold-Howorko, the son of Jan / Константин Яштольд-Говорко, Александр Викторов Бильдзюкевич / Aleksander Bildziukiewicz (1904 - to 1910; 1908); and part of this village to Mikolaj Pietrunkin / Николай Георгиевич Петрунькин (before 1914). In Zerda was born Александр Дорогиницкий / Aleksander Dorohinicki; also Korsak family / Корсаки, Wolski / Вольские and Fenski / Фенские. Zerdz located ca 12 km south-west of Swietlogorsk / Светлогорск. Ryszard Edward Wincenty Dzierżyński was born 1817, his parents: Jozef Dzierzynski / Иосиф Дзержинский b. 1788 died in 1854, and Антонина Озембловская / Antonina Oziemblowska b. 1788 [the family of my friends Oziemblowski ca 1985];
her children:
Ryszard Edward Wincenty Dzierżyński b. 1817, Onufry Antoni Modest Dzierżyński b. 1818, Bernard Leonard Dzierżyński 1819 - 1879, Tomasz Justyn Dzierżyński 1822 - 1859, Antoni Mikołaj Dzierżyński 1823 - 1865, Felicjan Jan Dzierżyński 1830 - 1904, Jozefat Dzierżyński 1831, Leokadia Dzierżyńska 1833, ROZA Dzierżyńska 1835, in Oszmiany / Oshmiany / Ошмяны, the Wilno government / Виленская губ., Эдмунд Руфин Иосифович Дзержинский / Edmund Rufin Iosifovich Dzierzynski, b. 1829 or (?) on 15 May 1838, died in 1882. Grandparents of Ryszard Edward Wincenty Dzierżyński born 1817:
Antoni Jakubowicz Dzierżyński 1755 - 1816, and Konstancja Adamowicz.
He came from Jakub Dzierżyński, Mikołaj Dzierżyński / Derzinskis d. 1703 / Mikołaj Dzierżyński / Derzinskis.
In 1830 in Kamiensk or Kamien close to Oziemblowo (Jozef Dzierzynski and Antonina nee Oziemblowska, Dzierzynska were grandparents of Feliks Edmundowicz Dzierzynski), baptized daughter of Ignacy Giedroyc, witnesses: Tomasz Wasilewski and Antonina Dzierzynska.
1850, Kamien, baptized Klara Tarnolicka, by Wincenty Dzierzynski. 1856, Kamien, beptized Zygmunt Julian Obricki / Obrycki, son of Kazimierz Obrycki and Jozefa nee Dzierzynska, Obrycka. Jozefa came from Slobodka, Bielorucka volost, the Minsk government. Wanda Schonthaller-Dzierzynska 1920-2011 - daughter of Major Dzierzynski.

And about Jozef Oziemblowski / Ozieblowski + Aniela Zdrojewska: children - Boleslaw Ozieblowski, Michal, Maria Moszynski, Stefania. Dieriewno / Derevno located close to Ozemlovo / Ozemblovschizna. A church in Dieriewno / Derevno - there was baptized Feliks Dzierzynski / Felix Dzierzynski and buried his father Edmund Rufin Dzierzynski, his sister Wanda, his brother Stanislaus d. in 1917. Edmund Dzerzhinsky born 1829 in Dzierzynowo, married to Helena Januszewska, died 1882. Helena Januszewska born 1849 in Joda and married to Edmund Dzerzhinsky, she died on 15 Jan. 1896 and buried in Vilnius. Feliks Dzierzynski b. 11 September 1877, his father Edmund Dzierzynski b. 1829, mother Helena Januszewska b. 1849, died in 1896, her parents: Ignacy Januszewski born 1804 and Kazimiera Januszewska born 1806; parents of Edmund Dzierzynski: Jozef Jan Dzierzynski b. 1788 and Antonina Oziemblowska.

Dzierzynski Witold, 1887-19.XI.1892. Krzywiec nee Zyromski, Aleksandra, 1828. Pilar von Pilchau nee Bielawski, Marja / Maria Bielawska. Anthony George Bulhak / George Bulhak (using his middle name) / Jerzy Bulhak / Antoni Jerzy Bulhak, a Polish citizen, the son of Gediminas and Aldona, the house Dzerzhinsky, was born in Zawoloczyce, on March 3, 1898; married Wanda nee Juchniewicz, born in Vilnius, March 8, 1901, the daughter of Cezary Juchniewicz and Maria Pilsudska / Mary nee Pilsudska. The marriage was April 11, 1923 in Vilnius. Above named Zawoloczyce, here was Bernardine filial chapel in the village, like Chromce (near Bobruisk). Zawoloczyce that is Zavalochycy, Zavolochicy, Zavolochitsy close to Simanavichi; west of Glusha, ca 38 km west of Bobruisk / Bobruisk. Jozef Wincenty Piotr Pilsudski, b. 1833 died 1902, + Maria Billewicz died 1884; they had a daughter Zofia Zula Pilsudski Kadenacy, b. 1865, d. 1935; her husband Boleslaw Kadenacy died 1918; his son Czeslaw Kadenacy, b. 1896, grandson Tadeusz Kadenacy. Jozef Wincenty Piotr Pilsudski, b. 1833 died 1902, + Maria Billewicz has 12 children, among others Helena Pilsudski b. 1864 d. 1917, Zofia Kadenac b. 1865 + Boleslaw Kadenac / Kadenacy, Bronislaw Pilsudski, Jozef Pilsudski, Adam Pilsudski b. 1869, Kazimierz Pilsudski, Maria Juchniewiczowa b. 1873 + Cezary Juchniewicz, Jan Pilsudski, Ludwika Majewska b. 1879 + Leon Majewski, Kacper Pilsudski b. 1881, Piotr Pilsudski, Teodora Pilsudska, second Piotr. Above Antoni Bulhak (Antoni Jerzy Bulhak, son of Gedymin Jerzy Bulhak, and Aldona nee Dzierzynska, his brother Rudolf Kojallowicz; his wife nee Juchniewicz), b. 1898. Ryszard Edward Wincenty Dzierżyński was born 1817, his parents: Jozef Dzierzynski / Иосиф Дзержинский b. 1788 died in 1854, and Антонина Озембловская / Antonina Oziemblowska b. 1788;
her children:
Ryszard Edward Wincenty Dzierżyński b. 1817,
Onufry Antoni Modest Dzierżyński b. 1818,
Bernard Leonard Dzierżyński 1819 - 1879,
Tomasz Justyn Dzierżyński 1822 - 1859,
Antoni Mikołaj Dzierżyński 1823 - 1865,
Felicjan Jan Dzierżyński 1830 - 1904,
Jozefat Dzierżyński 1831,
Leokadia Dzierżyńska 1833,
Roza Dzierżyńska 1835, born in Oszmiany / Oshmiany / Ошмяны, the Wilno government / Виленская губ., Эдмунд Руфин Иосифович Дзержинский / Edmund Rufin Iosifovich Dzierzynski, b. 1829 or (?) on 15 May 1838, died in 1882.

The grandparents of Ryszard Edward Wincenty Dzierżyński born 1817: Antoni Jakubowicz Dzierżyński 1755 - 1816, and Konstancja Adamowicz. He came from Jakub Dzierżyński, Mikołaj Dzierżyński / Derzinskis d. 1703, and from Mikołaj Dzierżyński / Derzinskis.

Aldona nee Dzierzynski was living near by Ryszard Edward Wincenty Dzierżyński b. 1817, who was brother of Edmund Dzierzynski b. 1829 or (date of birth is mistake maybe) Эдмунд Руфин Иосифович Дзержинский / Edmund Rufin Iosifovich Dzierzynski, b. on 15 May 1838, died in 1882 (in Oszmiany / Oshmiany / Ошмяны, the Wilno government / Виленская губ.).


My research concerns many state intelligence networks created in the first half of the 18th century.

Initially it was a global political network of the Russian intelligence infiltrated by the British [1791], French [from the 40s of the 18th century] and Germans [1769/1776], and by the Polish independence conspiracy [was established 1792/1799] starting from a years 1870/1878.

In 1912-1913: April 1913, DECA has entered into a cooperation agreement with the French radio company 'Societe francaise Radio-Electrique' (SFR) and became a branch of it in Russia. 'Radiolectric French Company' was one of the first radiotelegraphic companies, founded by Émile Girardeau in 1910

and it supported the production of the Radiola - radio receivers. 'Dyuflon and Konstantinowicz' has entered into a cooperation with 'Sautter, Harle and Co.' from Paris and also with a factory 'Gabriel and Anzeno' (Paul Lemonnier engineer, bacame a partner in the business of Sautter, at 26 Avenue Suffren in Paris 1867. Beginning in the 1860s Sautter started the study of the use of electricity. In 1869, Henri Harle who had married into the Dolfuss family, started as an engineer. In 1890 Henri Harle became a full partner in the firm, which was now known as Sautter Harle.

The company 'Societe Sautter, Harle et Cie' was founded in 1825 in Paris as a mechanical engineering company. 1907 began production of automobiles as the 'Sautter Harle'. 1908 the company was renamed in 'Harle et Cie'. 1912 ended production of cars. Three companies have manufactured lights on the coasts in France:
F. Barbier et Fenestre, Sautter-Harle / Sautter et Lemonier and Lepaute, by 'planete-tp.com'.
"In order to eliminate the jerks in release, Augustin Fresnel modified the blade regulator around 1826 with the aid of the clockmaker Lepaute, by incorporating a ball regulator". Acc. to: 'en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_submarine_Gymnote_(Q1)',
"The Gymnote was one of the world's first all-electric submarines. Launched on 24 September 1888 ... by Gustave Zede ... and Arthur Krebs, who completed the project. For the Gymnote, Arthur Krebs developed the electric engine ... The motor proved so problematic that it was replaced with a smaller but more powerful Sautter-Harle motor".
In Tallinn the construction of the rear lighthouse was planned already in 1832. The new lighthouse acquired a Fresnel device purchased from Sautter Harle & Co in Paris. In late 1915, the company name was changed to the 'Anciens Etablissements Sautter-Harle'. The Company produced electrical equipment: searchlight / floodlight, generators, compressors and diesel engines. The Sautter Harlé at present has name the Alsthom Company
).

They were working for Sautter - Harle / SAUTTER HARLE, founded in 1852:
Eugene Dejonc, Emile Girardeau, born 1882, a French engineer, founder of the General Society of wireless telegraphy; 1910 he founded the radio - electric French Society SFR, in the field of radio - electricity and military telegraphy; 1915 he was assigned to education, in radio - electricity, flying officers. Camille Charles Augustin Claudeville, b. 1868, adviser naval armament for Europe and South America, and co-operated with SAUTTER HARLE, founded in 1852, making lenticular lights, electric motors, turbo-generators and projectors. Jean Rey / Jean-Alexandre REY b. 1861 in Lausanne / Lauzanne, Switzerland. His first wife Marie Sautter b. 1870, daughter of Louis Sautter - founder of LEMONNIER - HARLE and Co. with Paul LEMONNIER. After the death of Mary, Jean REY married another descendant of SAUTTER born VAN MUYDEN. Jean REY was the uncle of another Jean Rey b. 1902-1983, Belgian (member of the EEC Commission from 1958 to 1967 and President of the Commission from 1967 to 1970), acc. to: Christian LEVI ALVARES. Jean-Alexandre REY, the School of Mines as a foreign student 1883; 1885 he obtained French nationality as a descendant of French parents refugees in Switzerland because of religion; he received the degree 1 ranked 1886; led factories Sautter - Harle and for thirty years directing the technical work of the house Sautter - Harle (turbo - machinery); 1904 studied steam turbines; 1906 gas turbines; at thirty - five he was chief engineer of the Sautter - Harle Company; finally president of the trade association of electrical engineering, President of the French Society of Electricians - 1921. In 1901 he build an internal combustion engine generators for submarines. From 1888, he became interested in steam turbines and turbo - electric machines.

You remember that Louis Francois Clement Breguet / Louis Francois Clement Breguet was born on 22 December 1804 in Paris, work in the early days of telegraphy, educated in Switzerland; in 1870 Louis Francois Clement Breguet transferred the leadership of the Breguet company to Edward Brown; collaborated with Heinrich Ruhmkorff, George Daniels, Professor Thomas Engel and Alexander Graham Bell; he had one son Antoine b. 1851.

The Swiss Canton of Vaud was the area where the French-speaking family settled (Diserens or Dizeren). Among other things, it were the villages and towns: CLARENS located east from Lausanne, also Villette, Cully and Riex. Villette or Lavaux is located close to Lutry and Cully.
All on east of Lutry and east of Lausanne / Lozano. Moreover, a settlements such as Corsier sur Vevey, L'Abbaye and Grandvaux. L'Abbaye, is a municipality in the canton of Vaud, Switzerland, town from where the Breguet family (Antoine b. 1851) came to Paris; around 30 km north - west of Lausanne. The DUFLON family 1745 - 1815 was living in Riex of the Vaud province / Vaud canton, Switzerland / Suisse.
Villeneuve is a municipality of the canton of Vaud in Switzerland, located ca 30 km east-south of Lausanne; the Duflon family gone from Lutry of 1852 and Neuchatel, in Paris 1801 - 1877 was living Louis Duflon;
Duflon J.-F. was a landlord in Bouligneux in France west of Geneve.

Francois / Francoise Duflon from Riex (Lavaux) and Villeneuve, was born in 1831 in La Tour-de-Peilz, where his father was a teacher. He attended the College of Vevey, where he was a professor; 1876 Lausanne, 1906 d'Ardon, south-east of Villeneuve.

La Tour-de-Peilz east from Lausanne, close to Villeneuve, 15 km.

Michail Dobrowolski lived 1903 - 1907 in Lausanne.

In the spring of 1914 L. Bakst moved to Montreux in Switzerland. Sophia Klyachko came to stay with her brother and taking along all family.

Clarens is part of Montreux in Suisse, where the Duflon family was living. Anna Konstantynowicz nee Armand, wife of Apollon Konstantynowicz from Moscow, was here with her son, Evgenii Konstantinovich, probably since spring of 1914. She acted with Lenin (on 5 September 1914 Lenin moved to neutral Switzerland, residing first at Bern, then at ZALrich; on 31 March 1917 "Fritz Platten obtained permission from the German Foreign Minister through his ambassador in Switzerland, Baron Gisbert von Romberg, for Lenin and other Russian exiles to travel through Germany to Russia in a sealed one-carriage train"; from Zurich, Gottmadingen, Singen, Frankfurt and Berlin to Sassnitz, Trelleborg, in Sweden to Stockholm, at the Finland Station in Petrograd) and Inessa Armand, her friend. Anna Konstantynowicz back to Petersburg (Piotrogrod) with Lenin, Krupska and Inessa Armand in April 1917.

Sophia Klyachko met in Montreux (Clarens?) Yevgeny Constantinowitz / Eugeniusz Konstantynowicz son of Apollon Konstantynowicz from Moscow. 1914 all relocated to Geneve to Diaghilev; the company after (1914 / 1915 to 1920) moved to Lausanne, but Bakst removed to Paris, soon. The Klyachko family in spring of 1920 came to Paris; in Meudon is now a museum of Bakst. The Ramseyer family from Neuchatel, close to border on France, and from St-Aubin-Sauges north of Lausanne, Grindlachen, Bern in Switzerland; from Siebnen and Steffisburg north-east of Lousanne, and Tavannes north of Neuchatel. Adolphe Jean Edouard WIDMER, CEO of the Society of Electrical Constructions Breguet - Sautter - Harle, married in 1930 to Jacqueline HARLE Lucy b. 1905, parents Frederick Augustus 'Henri' HARLE, 1875-1961 and Jeanny Alice Lily KAMPMANN b. 1881.

Jean Alexandre REY b. 1861 in Lausanne / Lauzanne, Switzerland. His first wife Marie Sautter b. 1870, daughter of Louis Sautter who was founder of the LEMONNIER - HARLE and Co. Ambroise Samuel Joseph Rodolphe REY / Rodolphe REY, born 1866 in GENEVE, Suisse acc. to: http://gw.geneanet.org/garric?lang=en&p=rodolphe&n=rey, his parents: William REY 1821 - 1888 Professeur and Clothilde BOUVIER 1828 - 1911; Rodolphe REY married in 1892 in GENEVE to Francoise Jeanne Gabrielle BOUVIER b. 1866 from Ami Auguste Oscar BOUVIER and Louise Julie Marguerite MONOD b. 1832; siblings: Bartholomy REY, banquier b. 1858, m. 1888 in PARIS to Lucie MATTER; Jean REY, Ingonieur des Mines b. 1861, m. 1893 PARIS to Marie SAUTTER 1870 - 1895 and married in 1897 in LAUSANNE to Emma VAN MUYDEN b. 1870. Father of above Jean Rey: William REY, Professeur b. 1821 in GENEVE, d. 1888 in CLARENS in Suisse, married 1856 in COLIGNY to Clothilde BOUVIER. CLARENS - east from Lausanne, close to Montreux, Blonay and Vevey and 15 km east of Cully, 20 km east of Lutry. Clarens is a village in the canton of Vaud, in Switzerland. 1888 family Rey lived here and also: Igor Stravinsky 1878, Tchaikovsky, Paul Kruger, anarchist Elise Reclus, the Duflon family and Nabokov. Elise Reclus b. 1830, known as Jacques Elise Reclus, was a renowned French geographer, writer and anarchist; in January 1872 banishment from France. After a short visit to Italy, Reclus settled at Clarens, Switzerland, where he resumed his literary labours. In 1882, Reclus initiated the Anti-Marriage Movement / International Association, of which "Reclus and Peter Kropotkin were the two chief organizers. Kropotkin was arrested and condemned to five years' imprisonment, but Reclus escaped punishment as he remained in Switzerland. In 1894, Reclus was appointed chair of comparative geography at the University of Brussels", acc. to Wikipedia. CELIGNY - on way from Geneve to Lausanne.
More inf. see: Christian LEVI ALVARES (Quatre siecles d'ascendance protestante: les 512 quartiers de Micheline Bruneton, ed. Jerusalem: AHVA, 1981).

My research concerns many state intelligence networks created in the first half of the 18th century.

Initially it was a global political network of the Russian intelligence infiltrated by the British [1791], French [from the 40s of the 18th century] and Germans [1769/1776], and by the Polish independence conspiracy [was established 1792/1799] starting from a years 1870/1878.

Very strange is the origin of one of the Soviet intelligence boss, from whose started the Great Purge of 1937. Mixture of Estonia, Switzerland, Latvia and France. Pilsudski had lost Lenin, after five years of chaos in Russia, so the only way to overcome Soviet Russia of Stalin was takeover of special services, including military intelligence. Succeeded in, but in 1937, Stalin responded by and prevailed. Poles in the Soviet Union since 1937 been the main enemy!

Arthur Eugene Leonard Frauchi / Artour Khristianovitch Frautschi / Arthur Hristianovich Artuzov Frautschi / Artur Khristyanovich Artuzov / Арту́р Христиа́нович Фра́учи / Frauchi / Артур Христианович Артузов Фраучи, b. 1891, Tver region, died 1937, Moscow; headed the Soviet foreign intelligence service INO (OGPU, NKVD) from August 1931 to May 1935.


My research concerns many state intelligence networks created in the first half of the 18th century.

Initially it was a global political network of the Russian intelligence infiltrated by the British [1791], French [from the 40s of the 18th century] and Germans [1769/1776], and by the Polish independence conspiracy [was established 1792/1799] starting from a years 1870/1878.

Romuald Ludwig von Pilhau / Roman Aleksandrovich Pilar / Пилляр Роман Александрович / Pilar von Pilhau Romuald / Пилар фон Пильхау Ромуальд Людвиг, b. 1894 - died 1937, from Estonia but Pole acc. to sources; deputy of Artuzov Frautchi / Fraucci - Artuzow 1921 to ?; 1920 special plenipotentiary of the Cheka, then on underground work in the Verkhovna Silesia in Germany, and since 1921 again in Soviet Russia, 1925 - 1930 Chairman GPU Belarus, since 1932 the OGPU envoy for Central Asia, since 1934 head of the NKVD in Central Asia, December 1934 Head of the NKVD in Saratov; 1937 shot.
Note: Pilar von Pilchau / Пиллар фон Пильхау, the first the Narva commendant Wenzel Pilar von Pilchau (1606-1675); lived in Livland / Liivimaa and Estonia; Pilar von Pilchau were owners of Vaida / Wait, Oru / Orrenhof, Meremoisa / Merremois, Raasiku / Rasik, Kaasla / Kasal, Lehtse / Lechts, Karjakala / Karjakall close to Saue and Saku, Vardi, Valgu, Palivere south-west of Lehola / Palvere / Pallfer and Halinga / Hallick, Uulu, Lelle, Alt-Salis, Audru / Audern, Arrohof, Haeska / Hasik close to Haapsalu (see Dunkel). One from them: Gustav Adolf Pilar von Pilchau 1841-1918, Haapsalu 1878. Baron Adolf Konstantin Jakob Pilar von Pilchau b. 1851 d. 1925, a Baltic German politician, regent, the owner of the Audern, his birthplace after his father's death in 1870; 1881 he rented Sauga in Parnu County, Estonia; Pernau city councillor in 1879, the Livonian Noble Corporation, 1908 to 1918 von Pilchau the land marshal of Livonia, returned to independent Estonia in 1923 in Parnu where he died.
Audru / Audern, 8 to 10 km north-west-north of Parnu city, is a small borough.

Sauga / Sauck, 6 km north of Parnu core, in Parnu County, southwestern Estonia.

My research concerns many state intelligence networks created in the first half of the 18th century.

Initially it was a global political network of the Russian intelligence infiltrated by the British [1791], French [from the 40s of the 18th century] and Germans [1769/1776], and by the Polish independence conspiracy [was established 1792/1799] starting from a years 1870/1878.

Pilar von Pilchau owners of: Vaida is a small borough in Rae Parish, Harju County, northern Estonia. It's located about 21 km southeast of Tallinn. Orrenhof, south of Parnu, is a place with a very small population in the region of Parnumaa, Estonia. Merremois / Meremoisa - 10 km north-west of Karjakula, and 15 km from Keila. Raasiku, south-east of Tallinn, 23 km. Rasik to von Sivers in 1843. Palifer - Wilhelm Friedrich Pilar von Pilchau (1761-1819), was owner of Palifer, Orks, Pall, Kesal. Orks = Polumyza Orks, Laanemaa, south of Haeska. Ketke close to Merjamaa, south of Saku. Lechts, outh-west of Rakvere. Schloss Felks owner Baron de Maydell. Karjakell - Vana-Karjakela / Alt-Karjakell, Karjakela is a small borough in Keila Parish, Harju County, northern Estonia. Eivere / Eivere Manor, Eyefer, Paide Parish in Jarva County; Eivere is a village in Paide Parish, Jarva County in northern-central Estonia. Jogisoo / Joggis, close to Kullamaa, east of Haapsalu. Kullamaa, Kulina Manor, Viru-Jaagupi Parish, 13 km south-east of Rakvere. Kullina - Bernhard Johann von Buddenbrock. Kirna close to Jarva. Vana-Nursi or Vastse-Nursi Nurtu / Alt-Nurms, south of Saku. Ravila, Meks or Mecks, south-east of Tallinn. Palvere / Pallifer, south-east of Tallinn, close to Ravila. Arrohof (Livl.). Figures: Gustav Adolf Pilar von Pilchau 1841 - 1918, b. in Hordel, died 1918 in Haapsalu (Hapsal), Laane County; his son Gustav Adolf Nikolai Pilar von Pilchau (1887 - d.) - born in Saaremaa. Next son Karl (Charly) Alexander Baron Pilar von Pilchau (1871 Haapsalu / Hapsal); daughter Katharina Pauline Julie Pilar von Pilchau 1872 - 1909, her husband Viktor Konstantin Nikolai Brzezinski.

Genealogy of Romuald Ludwig Pilar von Pilchau / Пилляр Роман Александрович / Роман Людвиг Пилар фон Пильхау / Ромуальдас-Людвикас Адольфович Пилляр фон Пильхау. Romuald Ludwig Pilar von Pilchau or Roman Pilar von Pilchau / Roman Pilljar / Romuald Pilar von Pilchau / Romuald Ludwig von Pilar Pilchau, born 1894 in Mickuny close to Wilno / Vilnius. 1905 to September 1910 - Vilnius secondary school, followed by Zurich in real school (1910 - 1911), where he graduated in 1911. In September of the same year, he continued study in Kuressaare Gymnasium. When German troops occupied the Saaremaa, Pilar von Pilchau evacuated to the Yaroslavl Province. The Pilars then were not wealthy, but still Helena sent Roman Pilchau Pilar to study in Switzerland 1910 to 1911. "Nothing helped. He came back. Then he went in the other direction, to Russia, to Petrograd, where he studied law. From Dzerzhinsky not departed". All above according to Alwida A. Bajor. And different details: Roman was in Аренсбург / Arensburg / Kuressaare from September 1911 to 1918, or 1911 to 1915. Romuald Roman baron Pilar Pilchau, Sept. 1905 in Wilno, Zurich, next to Аренсбург / Arensburg in the Лифляндская губерния / Livland government, Даниловo / Danilovo in the Jaroslav government. The genealogy of Romuald Ludwig Pilar von Pilchau or Roman Pilar von Pilchau: Yegor Maksimovic Pillar / Pilar von Pilhau 1767-1830, the Russian commander of the Napoleonic wars, Maj.-Gen., von Pilhau Yegor Maksimovic or Georg Ludwig, from the family of a professional military, his father was retired major of the Polish army - Magnus Wilhelm von Pilar Pilhau 1734 - 1801. Magnus Wilhelm von Pilar Pilchau (1734-1801), landlord of Hallik north - east of Tallinn or rather south-west of Rakvere, Lehtse south-west of Rakvere, Meremoisa close to Keila-Joa, Major (1756), served for the Polish army as Major in 1757. Recorded in service 1780, above Yegor Maksimovic exactly one year later was promoted to sergeant. Received his primary education at home, with the rank of lieutenant was transferred to Narva Infantry Regiment; next to the Vyborg Infantry Regiment; Yegor Maksimovic Pilar participated in a battle with the Swedes under Nyslott; 1803 has been married to Anna Fyodorovna von Hesse / Johanna Agnetha b. 1779, had three sons and two daughters: Alexander (1804 - 1866), Lieutenant-Captain of the Guards; Nicholas (1815 - 1887) and George (1819 - 1882); Elizabeth 1808, Elena 1811. Brothers of Yegor Maksimovic Pilar: Major Maxim / Magnus Fabian Pilar von Pilchau, b. 08.06.1768 (1769?), Engineer Major Jacob Maksimovic / Jakob Johann Pilar von Pilchau, b. 1774, Captain Vladimir Maksimovic / Reinhold Woldemar Pilar von Pilchau b. 1777.

Aleksander Pilar von Pilchau, d. 1871 (that was Carl Alexander Pilar von Pilchau, born 10.2.1802, his sister Sophia, father was born in 1769 - Magnus Fabian Pilar von Pilchau - in Lida, Vilna province in Poland, after Major of the Russian army) in Wilno; his son Stanisław Count Pilar von Pilchau owner of Mickuny close to Nowa Wilejka, polonised, but from the Baltic German from Estland and Latvia, married to Zofia Januszewska (from Ignacy Januszewski b. 1804 and Kazimiera born 1806), she died on 28 Jan 1898, Wilno; her son Aleksander Pilar von Pilchau, born 1860, married 1890 to Helena Joanna Krzywiec, he died on 12 Oct. 1939 in Mickuny, next of kin of Feliks Dzierżyński; Helena Joanna Krzywiec born 1864, died on 8 Aug. 1955 in Mickuny; her son Roman Pilar von Pilchau, b. 1894, d. 1937. See: Baron Adolf Konstantin Jakob Pilar von Pilchau b. 1851, was a Baltic German politician, regent of the United Baltic Duchy (1918). Adolf (Alf) Konstantin Jakob Baron Pilar von Pilchau 1851 - 1925, b. in Audern (Audru), Parnumaa, died June 17, 1925 in Pernau (Parnu), Parnumaa, Estland. Магнус Максимилиан Фабиан Пилар фон Пильхау born on 8 June 1768 and his cousins and closest next of kin: Бокельберг or Фокельберг / Vokelberg, Фридрих фон Руктешель in Йоггис; Шталь фон Гольштейн / Holstein; фон Людер / Luder d. 1857; Екатерина Николаевна Кудашева / Kudashev, b. 1811; Дунина / Dunin, b. 1799; in 1798 m. to Иоганн Густав Юст / Iust; in 1766 born in Халлик, Иван Крутов / Krutov / Krutow; Иоганна Агнета Гессе / Hesse b. 1779; Мария Цецилия фон Бекю / Bekiu / BECU; in 1798 m. to Иоганн Дитрих Бенджамин Альтхан; Сукни (Suckni) / Sukni d. 1838; фон Рамм / von Ramm, b. 1779; фон Мореншильдт b. 1811; Наталья Николаевна Карпова / Karlow; Михайловна Езерская / Jezierski, died 1919; фон Штааль b. 1843; Васильевна Чулкова b. 1855; Домудовская / Домудовски; фон Эссен / Essen b. 1847; Раиса Митрофановна Филиппова / Filippow d. after 1932; Беренд фон Мореншильдт d. 1861; Симсен; in 1801 Франц Герман Экбаум; in 1801 Фридрих фон Руктешель.

The family history of the Konstantynowiczs in Tsarist Russia, in Viljandi, Tallinn, Parnu / Parnawa, Riga / Ryga, Moscow, Petersburg, Ufa, Miezonka, Hapsal / Haapsalu, Vana-Karjakula or Alt-Hohenhof, Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti. With others families: Melik - Beglyarov or Melik-Beglarov, Demonets / Demonet or Demontet, Breguet, Brown, Wilde, Nikitin, Katenin, Gruzinski, Bagrationi, Drzewiecki, Orlov-Denisov, Martynov, Paszkowski, Kalinowski, Zarako Zarakowski, Malkiewicz, Horodecki, Zbieranowski, Szostak, Nobel, Masson, Hacker / Hakker, Kammer, Briling, Vologdin, Azbelev, Benckendorf or Benkendorf, Pushkin, Kropotkin, Chikin, Bakst, Trubecki / Trubiacki / Troubetzkoy / Troubetskoi, Beklemishev, Rosenberg, Wittgenstein, Dadian-Mingrelsky / Dadiani Mingrelskij, Radziwill, Piottuch-Kublicki, Soltan, Oginski, Japaridze, Rosen, Gernet, Rehbinder, Schilling, Nakachidze, von Zarnekau, Yurievsky, Duke of Oldenburg, Nikoladze, Maipariani or Maypariani, Saparov, Armand, Diseren, Duflon, Rey, Paat / Paats, Karamyan. Above Karyakyula / Vana-Karjakula / Alt-Hohenhof, is an aristocratic mansion in northern Estonia in the Harju county. This manor changed their owners very often: Glenn (von Glehn), von Gernet (von Gernet), Pilchau / Pilar von Pilchau, Koskyuly (von Koskull), von Krause (von Kraus / Krauze), von Hueck, von Kluge / von Klugen. Some inf. on the Pilchau family:
Karl Gustav Pilar von Pilchau 1751 - 1802 born in Wait (Vaida), Rae vald, Harjumaa, Estland and died 1802 in Weissenstein (Paide), Jarvamaa, Estland.
His wife Johanna Christine Charlotte Pilar von Pilchau nee von Patkul 1751 - 1828; above Weissenstein (Paide), Jarvamaa, ca 75 km south-east of Saku. Gustav-Adolf Pilar von Pilchau 1841 - 1918, in 1878 in Haapsalu; Rudolf von Gernet (1826 - 1912), in Haapsalu was chief of the Yacht Club. Hedwig Elisabeth von Gernet (nee von Patkul; her mother Juliane Charlotte von Wrangell, and her father Jakob Johann von Patkul) b. 1792 - 1867 with her son Karl Jakob Rudolf von Gernet 1826 - 1912.
Catherine Elisabeth von Gernet (1829 - 1896).
Above Vaida:
in 1708 Hans Heinrich Tiesenhausen, in 1718 Georg Pilar von Pilchau, in 1760 Jakob Heinrich Lilienfeld, 1789 der Howen, von der Pahlen, Ungern-Sternberg, 1894 Woldemar Rosen, in 1901 Paul Ungern-Sternberg. Above Vana-Karjakula: 1726 Nikolai Golovin, 1732 Abram Hannibal, 1743 Johann Mrakisch, 1747 Catharina Elisabeth Glehn, Maydell, 1756 Karl Gottlieb Gernet, 1771 Marie Juliane Pilar von Pilchau, 1776 Friedrich Wilhelm Uexkull-Guldenband, Zange, Koskull, 1817 Rosenmuller, in 1818 Johann Martin Krause / Krauze, Klugen, Hueck.
Vardi:
1689 Hans Heinrich Rehbinder, 1716 Karl Friedrich Mengden, Bellingshausen, Otto Heinrich Rehbinder, 1731 Schwengelm, Schonberg, Klugen, Kotzebue, 1844 Gottlieb Rosen, 1855 Georg Pilar von Pilchau. Georg Jakob Baron Pilar von Pilchau 1819 - 1882, born in Marjamaa Parish, Rapla County, Estonia.
Georg Ludwig Pilar von Pilchau / Егор Максимович Пиллар, b. 19 March 1767 d. 1830, landlord of Kirna and Reopalu and he was married to Johann Agneta Hessega (1779-1847) and were born:
Alexander von Pilar Pilchau (1804-1866), a Russian soldier,
Elisabeth von Pilar Pilchau (1808-1817),
Helene von Pilar Pilchau (1811-1855),
Nicholas Wilhelm von Pilar Pilchau (1815-1887), the landlord of Kirna,
Georg Jakob von Pilar Pilchau (1819-1882), the landlord of Vardi.
Above Reopalu located north of Viljandi.
Kirna close to Reopalu.

Хелена Вильгельмина Пилар фон Пильхау born 1757 and died 1783, her father Магнус Вильгельм Пилар фон Пильхау b. 1734 d. 1801;
her brothers and sisters:
1756 in Халлик, born Иоганна София Пилар фон Пильхау 1757 in Халлик, Хелена Вильгельмина Пилар фон Пильхау, Вильгельм Фридрих Пилар фон Пильхау 1761, София Элизабет Пилар фон Пильхау 1762, Анна Доротея Пилар фон Пильхау 1762, in Халлик, Oтто Густав Пилар фон Пильхау born 1763, Юлиана Шарлотта Пилар фон Пильхау b. 1764, in Халлик, Мария Луиза Пилар фон Пильхау Крутов b. 1766, Георг Людвиг or Егор Максимович Пилар фон Пильхау born on 19 март 1767, Магнус Максимилиан Фабиан Пилар фон Пильхау 1768, Катарина Элизабет Пилар фон Пильхау 1769, Анна София Пилар фон Пильхау 1771, Иоганна Кристина Пилар фон Пильхау 1772, Якоб Иоганн Пилар фон Пильхау 1774, Рейнгольд Адольф Пилар фон Пильхау 1775, Рейнгольд Вольдемар Пилар фон Пильхау 1777, Ульрика Генриетта Пилар фон Пильхау 1780, Каролина Амалия Пилар фон Пильхау 1780.

My research concerns many state intelligence networks created in the first half of the 18th century.

Initially it was a global political network of the Russian intelligence infiltrated by the British [1791], French [from the 40s of the 18th century] and Germans [1769/1776], and by the Polish independence conspiracy [was established 1792/1799] starting from a years 1870/1878.

Acc. to http://www.x-libri.ru/elib/ and militera.lib.ru / Hoaxer (hoaxer-mail.ru) we can read book by Arsen Martirosyan Benikovich, born 1950, Moscow, writer, the author of many books, in the past KGB officer: 'Conspiracy marshals. British intelligence against the Soviet Union', 'June 22. True Generalissimo', 'Tragedy June 22...', 'Who brought the war in the Soviet Union?'.
Now 'Conspiracy marshals. British intelligence against the Soviet Union':
"...At the ...labyrinth of extremely complex ...of the personal and political intrigues and conflicts ... we get the following picture. Due to the personal ambitions of the last German Kaiser Wilhelm II, ... during the First World War, ...secret diplomacy, ... 'Germane-norden' and 'Balticum'... and they were extremely influential in Germany, and in Russia, representatives of the ancient aristocratic families of the number pro-German Ostsee (Baltic) Barons played a crucial role in large-scale ... after February and October intrigues in Russia, ... to the head of the Russian military counterintelligence Gen. M. Bonch-Bruevich (brother of Lenin's closest aide) ... Lenin will be forced to take post by old German agent General Parsky...
At the top of the 'Balticum' particularly influential position occupied high-born aristocrats, Baltic barons von Pilhau Pillar, which were part-kin of the all-powerful head of the Cheka, Felix Dzerzhinsky.

The wife of one of the leaders of society (Adolf von Pillar-Pilhau or Stanislaw Pilchau Pilar. We know about Gustav Adolf Nikolai Pilar von Pilchau / Gustav Adolf Pilar von Pilchau born in 1841 and died on January 11, 1918 in Haapsalu (Hapsal), Laane County, Estonia; his wife Aline Annette von Essen (was born 1847); his father Karl Magnus Reinhold Pilar von Pilchau (1803 - 1862); grandfather Reinhold Woldemar Pilar von Pilchau (1777 - 1847), great-grandfather Magnus Wilhelm Pilar von Pilchau (1734 - 1801), from Georg Johann Baron Pilar von Pilchau (1709 - 1752). And you can look on Adolf Pilar von Pilchau - he married in Petersburg on 11 December 1884 to Julie Olga Eugenie Jenny von der Pahlen b. 1865 daughter of governor Magnus Konstantin Ferdinand von der Pahlen (1830 - 1912); their four children: Adolf Konstantin Theodor von Pilar Pilchau (1885-1958) from Sauga, Parnumaa, Estland, Olga von Pilar Pilchau, Friedrich von Pilar Pilchau (1888-1914) and Andreas von Pilar Pilchau. In 1891 they moved to more spacious Manor, 1906 they were relocated to Riga; family lived in Tartu, Berlin, Emkendorffis, Tallinn and Parnu. Above Adolf (Alf) Konstantin Jakob Baron Pilar von Pilchau (1851 - 1925) and his father Fredrik Adolf Woldemar Pilar von Pilchau, 1814 - 1870, from Audern (Audru), Parnumaa, Estland, with wife Berta Johanna Carolina Freiin Pilar von Pilchau nee von Ungern-Sternberg born 1826) Adolf von Pillar-Pilhau - Sophia Ignatyevna Pillar Pilhau was the sister of the mother of the 'Iron' Felix - Helena Ignatievna. Sophia Ignatyevna Pillar - Pilhau maid of honor to the last Russian Empress and enjoyed great influence in St. Petersburg. Son (grandson!, acc. to different source) of Sophia Ignatievna, ie cousin of the Dzerzhinsky - Roman Adolfovich / Romualdas Liudvikas Adolfovich Pillar Pilhau was one of the prominent of the initial period of the Cheka - the Deputy Chief of counterintelligence Cheka, deputy chairman of Belarus GPU, then People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of Belarus, then worked at senior positions in the Central Asia in 1937, as chief of the NKVD in the Saratov region, was arrested and executed (pay attention to his last post - in the Saratov region was larger numbers of Germans, there was even a Republic of the Volga Germans). ROMAN Pillar Pilhau was one of closest personal friends and relatives to the known leaders of the security organs Artuzov. The number of the Baltic barons, working for secret underground: such, for example, as Andronnikov Prince, he was descended from an ancient family of Baltic baron Ungern - Sternberg, paternal side - Georgian prince. Andronnikov lived for many years in Germany, where he studied and was well received in the highest aristocratic circles of Germany. Was presented to Kaiser. Very close to the royal court, but also took an active part in many intrigues against the last Russian Tsar Nicholas II, including, in particular, in the murder of Rasputin. Baron Osten Hohen / Hohen Austen. Baron in 1916 illegally arrived in Russia for organizing a pro-German 'palace coup'. Baron Osten Hohen / Hohen Austen only a decade later, climbed to the Soviet military intelligence in 1927, and then, apparently, into it's network of agents. The head of the same 'Balticum' in Berlin was personal aide Kaiser General Count Rudiger von der Goltz, in whose hands were concentrated most secret strands ties with Russia. And he was in a secret contact with representatives of 'Balticum' in Switzerland and then in Germany. Dzerzhinsky in this sense was just perfect figure - enough that the head of the Cheka, and still enjoyed with Lenin himself. Despite his opposition to the Brest-Litovsk treaty. Avanessov / Avanesova same - Secretary of the Sverdlov. Avanessov knew Switzerland, where he graduated from the Medical Faculty of the University of Zurich in 1913, and where to communicate with the Germans. Ambassador in Bern Baron Gisbert Romberg, his personal agent - Robert Grimm, is editor of top organ of the Swiss Socialist Internationalists magazine 'Berner Tagwacht', with longtime German agent (and Japanese intelligence agent), Alexander E. Keskyula / Keskyulya, also known under the pseudonym Alexander Stein. German intelligence officer under diplomatic cover Baron Gisbert von Romberg made contact with Lenin in Switzerland in September 1914. Keskyula Stein also personally contributed to German intelligence in maintaining personal contacts with Lenin and his entourage during their stay in Switzerland.
Without these contacts Dzerzhinsky would never able to go to Germany, which was the main purpose of his secret voyage. Alexander (Israel) Lazarevic Gelfand, better known under the pseudonym of Parvus (in the circles of "revolutionary" bandits had the nickname "elephant head of Socrates"). Baron Rudolf von Sebottendorf von der Rose (real name Adam Alfred Rudolf Glauer) personality well known for historical literature...".

At the top of the 'Balticum' particularly influential position occupied high-born aristocrats, Baltic barons von Pilhau Pillar, which were part-kin of the all-powerful head of the Cheka, Felix Dzerzhinsky. The wife of one of the leaders of society Adolf von Pillar-Pilhau was Sophia Ignatyevna Pillar Pilhau (Adolf von Pillar-Pilhau or Stanislaw Pilchau Pilar) and she was the sister of the mother of the 'Iron' Felix - Helena Ignatievna. Sophia Ignatyevna Pillar - Pilhau maid of honor to the last Russian Empress and enjoyed great influence in St. Petersburg. Zofija Pilar von Pilchau / Sophia Ignatyevna Pillar - Pilhau died January 28, 1898 - she was sister of Januszewski Dzerzhinsky Helena, mother of Felix Dzerzhinsky, who died in 1896. Father of Roman Pilar, died Oct. 12, 1939. Stanisław Count Pilar von Pilchau owner of Mickuny close to Nowa Wilejka, polonised, but from the Baltic German from Estland and Latvia, married to Zofia Januszewska (from Ignacy Januszewski b. 1804 and Kazimiera born 1806), she died on 28 Jan 1898, Wilno; her son Aleksander Pilar von Pilchau, born 1860, married 1890 to Helena Joanna Krzywiec, he died on 12 Oct. 1939 in Mickuny, next of kin of Feliks Dzierżyński. Helena Joanna Krzywiec born 1864, died on 8 Aug. 1955 in Mickuny; her son Roman Pilar von Pilchau, b. 1894, d. 1937. The Pilars then were not wealthy, but still Helena Pilar sent Roman Pilchau Pilar to study in Switzerland. Nothing helped. He came back. Then he went in the other direction, to Russia, to Petrograd, where he studied law. From Dzerzhinsky not departed. Alexander von Pilar Pilchau, Judge of the district of Vilnius, died in 1871 - he was great-grandfather of Roman Pilar! On October 12, 1826 in Mickuny consecrated a chapel built by Alexander Pilar. The ceremony was attended, among others, by Juliusz Slowacki with his sisters Hersylia and Aleksandra Becu. In Oziemblowszczyzna / Ozemblovschizna on 1830 September 22, baptized Jozef Tertia Dzierzynski / Joseph Terciusz Dzierzhynski, parents: Jozef Dzerzhinsky and Antonina nee Oziemblowski / Ozemblovski, Dzerzhinsky. God-father Jan Terletskii / Jan Terlecki, cornet of the Polish troops, and god-mother Josefa Voyninoy. Jozef Dzerzhinsky 1788-1854 and Antonina Dzerzhinska were the grandparents of Felix / FELIKS DZIERZYNSKI, but their daughter Jozefa (Leokadia Kornelia b. 1833 in Ozemblovschizna) lived shortly.

Edmund Dzerzhinsky born 1829 in Dzierżynowo, married to Helena Januszewska, died 1882. Helena Januszewska / Januszevsky Helene born 1849 in Joda and married to Edmund Dzerzhinsky, she died on 15 Jan. 1896 and buried in Vilnius.
Feliks Dzierzynski b. 11 September 1877, his father above Edmund Dzierzynski b. 1829, mother Helena Januszewska b. 1849, died in 1896,
her parents:
Ignacy Januszewski born 1804 and Kazimiera Januszewska born 1806;
parents of Edmund Dzierzynski:
Jozef Jan Dzierzynski b. 1788 and Antonina Oziemblowska.

The grandson of Zofia Pilar / Zofija Pilar von Pilchau / Sophia Ignatievna, ie cousin of the Dzerzhinsky - Roman Adolfovich / Romualdas Liudvikas Adolfovich Pillar Pilhau was one of the prominent of the initial period of the Cheka - the Deputy Chief of counterintelligence Cheka, deputy chairman of Belarus GPU. R. Pillar Pilhau was one of closest personal friends and relatives to the known leaders of the security organs Artuzov / Artuzow Frautchi / Fraucci.

Roman Pilchau von Pilar was definitely under the influence of his uncle, Felix Dzerzhinsky. Because it was a family. The sister of Dzerzhinsky's mother, Zofia Januszewski, married to Stanislaus Pilar of Mickuny. Stanislaw Pilar - the father of Alexander, the grandfather of Roman.

Artur Khristyanovich Artuzov Frauchi headed the Soviet foreign intelligence service from August 1931 to May 1935.

Structure and personnel of military intelligence agencies 1934 / 1935: Statistical information management of the Red Army in August - November 1934 and Intelligence Directorate of the Red Army in November 1934 - May 1939.
Berzin Yan Karlovich / Kzyuzis Peteris Janowicz, Head of Military Intelligence from March 1924 to April 1935 and from June 1937 to August 1937. Uritzky from April 1935 - Head of the 4th Intelligence Department of the General Staff of the Red Army, June 1937 - Deputy Commander of the Moscow Military District to November 1, 1937.

Artuzow created on May 8, 1922 the counterintelligence department of the GPU. Artusov / Artuzow / Fraucci knew French. This counterintelligence department was structural unit of the GPU - OGPU, because on May 6, 1922 on the management meeting of the State Political Administration DECIDED to ESTABLISH the structure of a special unit to combat with foreign espionage; the first leaders: Felix Dzerzhinsky, Vyacheslav Menzhinsky and Arthur Artuzov. Everyone from the structure of the Swiss-Estonian and of the Polish nobility of Belarus, I have discussed. Artuzow was in years 1927-1931 - Assistant Chief of the Secret operational management. Artuzov / Artuzow - Frautchi on 01/01/1931 Deputy (Deputy Head of the Foreign Department INO OGPU) and 31 July 1931 headed Foreign department of the OGPU; when creating 10 July 1934 NKVD he headed foreign intelligence, but replaced 21/05/1935 by Slutsky and transferred to the Main Intelligence Directorate on the post of Deputy, (11th January 1937) 01/11/1937 lost this post; Corps Commissar on 21/11/1935; Artuzow / Artuzov on 13.05.1937 appointed on the registration Department and Artuzov Frauchi was arrested on the same day May 13, 1937 as part of the 'Plot of the Generals' (he was executed on August 21, 1937). Wife of Artuzow: Inna Mikhailovna, in 1938, June 20 accused of spying for the French intelligence service on the grounds that she went twice 'under the guise of treatment' in Paris, where she was recruited.

Artuzov Hristianovich Arthur was her husband, living with her from 1934. On August 26, 1938 Ulrich announced the verdict: the death penalty;
first wife Lydia Artuzov Slugina escaped arrest. The mother of Artuzov, Augusta Avgustovna died shortly after the arrest of Arthur Christianovich; father Christian Petrovich Fraucci / Frautchi and uncle Peter Fraucci / Frautchi died in 1923. Son Kamil / Camill was arrested in 1941;
on March 23, 1938 was arrested brother Rudolph Hristianovich Frauchi, was shot by the NKVD in Butovo; the second brother, Victor Hristianovich, moved to Kazan, and became well-known professor. Artusov disagreed with Stalin in matters of Poland and Germany, has also tried to observe certain standards of conduct during the purges of the thirties.

Acc. to Jakubowski at http://antykapitalista19171959.salon24.pl/:
"...When Artusov was invited on March 18, 1937 [10 days before the arrest of Jagoda] on board of directors of NKVD, ... Stalin and Yezhov, however, predicted for him a role in the play directed by a dictator ... that Dzerzhinsky passed in 1925-1926, and led his sometimes unstable politics. ... after subsequent speeches of comrades who tried to make him a scapegoat ... people who now found themselves in accused of spying on the Polish side, such as Sosnowski. In particular, Abram Slutsky, who knew too well the reality of his work... Artusov answered in speech, in which he not only criticized the moral defeat of the NKVD, but also entered into defense of his enemy - Jagoda, whose arrest was then sealed. Thus sealed his own end. In the night from 12 to 13 May 1937 Artusov was arrested. He was accused of collaboration with four foreign intelligence including Polish, subjected to torture, which he never did not apply in the investigation respecting the rule of law of Lenin, which Dzerzhinsky introduced himself. Artusov on August 21, 1937, was executed as an enemy of the people and conspirator against the revolution... In 2000, the Russian historian Theodore Gladkow published a biography Artusov 'Award for fidelity - chastisement'...".

Curiosity! 'Asymmetry. Russian roulette', by Piotr / Peter Gibowski, was prime edited on 11 / 30 November 2012; on the second page of the novel we land in Geneva AD 1927; Russian Roulette is the first part of a trilogy; from that moment begins the story, related to Poland, Germany, Russia, USA, Japan. Artusov is main figure of this story! Piotr Gibowski is psychologist, historian by avocation, the University of Warsaw, the Museum of the History of Poland popularizing history. So... Sebastian Rybarczyk, journalist and publicist, specializes in the history of special services, at 'historia.focus.pl/swiat/' on January 15, 2014 write about Artuzow (my webpage on Artuzow on January the 01st, 2014 and 08th January): "...Strange that he did not defend himself, using his knowledge of the most senior (Soviet) leaders, eg, at early 20s (of the 20th cent.) he was responsible for the 'protection' of Clare Sheridan - an attractive young British sculptor, Churchill's cousin and lover of Trotsky and Kamenev, the personal enemies of Stalin...". Clare Sheridan, born as Clare Consuelo Frewen / Clare Consuelo Sheridan, b. 1885, she was the daughter of Moreton Frewen from East Sussex and Clarita / Clara Jerome from USA; her godmother was Consuelo Vanderbilt, Duchess of Marlborough. Clare Consuelo Frewen was a cousin of Sir Winston Churchill, because her mother was the elder sister of Lady Randolph Churchill. Clare Consuelo Frewen married Wilfred Frederick Sheridan in 1910; in 1915, Clare Consuelo Sheridan moved from France to London; visiting USA, Sheridan had a love affair with Charlie Chaplin; among her friends were Lord and Lady Mountbatten, Lady Diana Cooper and Princess Margaret of Sweden; she attracted the attention of the UK Security Service after being invited to Moscow in 1920 to sculpt Lenin, Trotsky and Zinoviev, Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky and Lev Kamenev. While in Russia Sheridan had affairs with Kamenev and Trotsky, and MI5 discovered that while living in Istanbul she had taken as a lover Ismet Bey; in 1925 Sheridan moved to Algiers. In 2002: a cousin of Winston Churchill was suspected of being a Soviet spy (?) - Clare Sheridan is recounted in an MI5 file released at the Public Record Office today that describes her belief in free love.


At margin about Artuzow / Artuzov Frautchi / Frucci, the curious coincidence with the Dobrzynski family from Orsha / Orsza! Ignacy Dobrzynski, the son of Ignacy Dobrzynski senior / Ignatius Sosnowski - Dobrzynski / Игнатий Игнатьевич Сосновский / Добржинский, born in 1897 in Riga, d. Nov. 15, 1937 in Moscow, at the end of World War I was a member of the Polish Military Organization under the name 'Cricket', after regaining independence by Poland on 11 November 1918, he was a officer of the Polish Army; served as a lieutenant in the Second Department Intelligence of the General Staff' was head of the intelligence branch in Lithuania and East Prussia.

Acc to en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Great_Purge, on "August 11th, 1937: NKVD operative order No 00485 'On liquidation of Polish sabotage and espionage groups and organization Polish Military Organization'.
On liquidation of Polish diversion-spying groups and elements of Polish Military Organization. The following groups were supposed to be repressed:
former Polish Military Organization from Poland, emigrants from Poland, and members of the Polish Socialist Party and other Polish political parties. Also the order indefinitely prolonged the prison sentences of everybody suspected of being a Polish spy. The order created a new extrajudicial organ: NKVD 'dvoyka' consisting of two people: a representative of the NKVD and a representative of the Procurator-General.
... In 1937-1938, 139,815 people were sentenced in the course of the 'Polish operation'; among them 111,071 people were executed".

After arrest of Artuzow / Artuzov was a secret trial, and Marshal Mikhail Tukhachevsky / Tuchachevski, Iona Yakir, Ieronim Uborevich, Robert Eideman, August Kork, Vitovt Putna, Boris Feldman, Vitaly Primakov and Yakov Gamarnik (suicide) were accused with planning a military coup on May 15, 1937; they were executed on the night of June 11-12, 1937.

Marshal Tukhachevsky / Tuchachevski, Corps Commanders Yefimov, Eideman and Appoga were all arrested on the same day - 22 May 1937; on 24 May 1937, the Politburo passed the following resolution: '...Tukhachevsky, as participant in an anti-Soviet Trotsky-Right conspiratorial bloc ... having engaged in espionage activity against the USSR on behalf of Fascist Germany'.

Between 01 and 10 June 1937, Tukhachevsky was describing the conspiratorial organization and plans for defeating the Red Army.

Robert P. Eideman / Roberts Eidemanis b. 1895 in Leyastsiems / Aahof in Valka district of Livonia; LEYASTSIEMS / Aahof, a village in the district of Gulbene (Republic of Latvia), Gulbene, is south-east of Lejasciems / Aahof. Ca 17 km. Leyastsiems / Aahof / Lejasciema ca 100 km north-west of Rezekne, ca 60 km south-east of Valmiera.

Jerome P. Uborevich / Jeronimas Uborevičius b. 1896, Kovno province. Mikhail Tukhachevsky b. 1893, in battle, February 19, 1915 near the village of Piaseczno (Lomza) his company was surrounded, he was taken prisoner; sent to a camp for incorrigible fugitives in Ingolstadt, where he met with Charles de Gaulle. In September 1917, makes the fifth escape, become successful, and 18 September was able to cross the border into Switzerland. In October 1917 he returned to Russia through France, England, Norway and Sweden.
Voluntarily joined the Red Army in March 1918.

The first on May 10, 1937 Tukhachevsky was transferred from the post of First Deputy of the Defense Commissar to the post of Commander of the Volga Military District. On May 22, 1937 he was arrested in Kuibyshev, on May 24, brought to Moscow, 26 May, after confrontations with Primakov, Putna and Feldman gave the first confession. A week before when Artuzov Frauchi was arrested, John Dewey said about Trocky on May 9, 1937 in New York, and Dewey informed on the preliminary investigation. His speech ended with the words: 'Trotsky ... need for further investigation. We recommend therefore to bring the work of this commission to the end'. And next reported that a total of 37,761 officers and commissars were dismissed, 10,868 were arrested and 7,211 were condemned for anti-Soviet crimes.

Artur Khristyanovich Artuzov Frauchi was born in the family of Swiss origin, but Italian nationality.
His father Christian Frautschi came to Russia, where he was engaged in reindeer cheese; cheesemaker, a citizen of the Swiss Federation.
Mother Augusta Avgustovna nee Didrikil b. ? - died in 1938, had the Latvian and Estonian roots, and one of her grandfathers was a Scot; her father Avgust Didrikil / August Diederik, her mother Bertha Esterling / Stirling / EASTERLING born 1835 d. 1891 - her parents:
Edward Esterling / EASTERLING and Elena Shtaal from Riga and Livland.

The family of Edward Esterling and Elena Shtaal from Riga and Livland:
1.
Olga Avgustovna Didrikil next of kin to Sverdlov;
2.
Bertha Didrikil nee Esterling, her husband Август Иванович Дидрикиль / Didrikil; her son Edward Avgustovich Didrikil; her father Edward Esterling - his daughters Odile Esterling b. 1830 Latvia at farmhouse in Yucca / Iukka, and Bertha Didrikil born in Riga in 1835 died in 1891, Charlotte Esterling, Alvina Esterling. Her mother Elena Esterling nee Shtaal.

Acc. to 'Eesti Postimees', No 16, 28 April 1890, ed. in Tartu, we read on the Livland / Liiwimaa Landra Kollegium (Liiwimaa / Hallikukiwi = Livland) where Count Reinhold Wilhelm Jacobs and Alexander Didrikil in January 1889 and in December of the same year, and January 18th, 1890, talked that land surveyors again are working; signed in Riga, Latvia, by Baron Brnningk / Broning?
This an example only a few people with family Jakobson.
Note:
August Mihkelevich Jakobson / August Jakobson born 1904 in (in the village Raama near Pernova / Parnu, Parnu, part of north Parnu, in Parnumaa, Estonia) Parnu, died in Tallinn, Estonian writer.

Carl Robert Jakobson / Linnutaja b. 1841 Tartu, was living in Торма / Torma close to Ranvere or Torma ca 65 km south of Rakvere. Jakobson's father was a school teacher; Natalie Johanson his sister, and his brother, Eduard Magnus Jakobson.
1856-1859 he studied at the seminary in Valga, next in Jamburg, in St. Petersburg 1865, Jakobson participated in the Estonian Literary Society.

Eduard Magnus Jakobson b. 1847 Tartu - d. 1903 Tallinn, was an Estonian graphic artist.
Adam Jakobson b. 1817 Haanja - d. 1857, Carl Robert Jakobson's father.
Jakobson was living in Vorumaa and the University of Tartu as a servant; Haanja is a village of Voromaa, the former parish Rouge.

The parents of above Artur Khristyanovich Artuzov met and married in Russia; children: 1891 first child was born Arthur Eugene Leonard, the other three daughters and two sons: 1892 Maria Eugenia Bertha / Maria, 1894 Victor Alexander Rudolph, 1896 Anthonine Catherine / Nina, 1899 Vera Olga Berta / Olga, 1902 Victor Alexander Boris. All six children under the laws of the Swiss Republic "after the October Revolution continued to be regarded as citizens of the Swiss Confederation". "September 4, 1917 at the Swiss Embassy in Petrograd Arthur Eugene Leonard Frauchi also been issued for Swiss passport No. 11/ 208". Swiss Italian-born Christian Petrovich Frautschi (Christian Frautschi son of Paul or Petr Frautschi) in the estate Mykolaivka met Didrikil Augusta.
"Augusta grandfather was from Scotland. He was in Russia during the War of 1812. He studied at Dorpat, worked as notary, married Latvian woman. One of his many daughters married Estonian - Didrikilya / Didrikil. In this family was born Augusta Avgustovna". Hereditary cheesemaker Christian Frautschi came to Russia in search of a good steady income; took a fancy to the north-western province (Estonia), for cattle, and it took two or three years; Here Christians Frauchi married to one of the four sisters of the Didrikil family, of the Estonian, Latvian, Russian, Scottish and even French blood.
One of the sisters, Olga Avgustovna, married exiled Bolshevik Mikhail Kedrov (Olga Avgustovna Didrikil - daughter of gamekeeper August Ivanovich Didrikil who served for many years to the Suvorov family, in Prozorovskaya (?) county. Mikhail Kedrov b. 1878, Moscow - killed 1941, secret policeman and one of the builders of the Cheka; "Kedrov was reportedly extremely cruel and barbaric, even by the standards of the Red Terror ... Kedrov and his son Igor had complained repeatedly to Joseph Stalin about Lavrenti Beria, who increasingly came to control the Soviet secret police in the 1930s", acc. to Wikipedia). Kedrov in 1912 emigrated to Switzerland. Maintained contacts with Lenin, and lectured medicine at the universities of Bern and Lausanne. In 1916, on the instructions of the Central Committee returned to Russia, on the Caucasian front. Nina Avgustovna / Anthonine Catherine / Antonina Avgustovna Didrikil / DIDRIKIL Avgustovna Nina b. 1882 - d. 1953 - married to an exile Nicholas Podvoisky / Podvoisky Ivan Ilyich. Avgustovna Augusta - for Swiss cheesemaker.

Maria Avgustovna remained an old maid but she known the renowned journalist, the future chairman of the OGPU Vyacheslav R. Menzhinsky / Vyacheslav Menzhinsky. Podvoisky become one of the founders of the Red Army; Kedrov - one of the builders of the Cheka (December 20, 1917 was formed Russian Extraordinary Commission headed by F. Dzerzhinsky), shortly before the First World War Kedrov graduated from the Medical Faculty of the University of Lausanne; Menzhinsky - deputy and successor of the first chairman of the Cheka - Dzerzhinsky; Christian's Frauchi wife was interlocutor of Podvoisky, Kedrov, Ангарский / Angarskij and Klestov. In 1903 the whole family Frauchi / Frautschi moved to Novgorod province, where, moving from one estate to another, Arthur's father, together with his assistants was doing cheese. Estates - Zhdanov, Mikhailovsky, Putyanin, Petrovskoe, Davydkina.

My research concerns many state intelligence networks created in the first half of the 18th century.

Initially it was a global political network of the Russian intelligence infiltrated by the British [1791], French [from the 40s of the 18th century] and Germans [1769/1776], and by the Polish independence conspiracy [was established 1792/1799] starting from a years 1870/1878.

Didrikil Edward son of August / Avgust Didrikil / Didrikil Jeduard / Дидрикиль Эдуард, journalist of an Agriculture newspapers, in the Pskov government in 1913.
Note at margin:
Consequently, Lenin never was interested in the movement of international language Esperanto. Lenin's statement of this one have reported by E. Didrikil. Didrikil wrote among other things in 1916 in Bern on the national problem, that according to Lenin: Dreams of establishing of international language, Esperanto or VolapALk is utopia. Language creating the future will not universal for all nations; the problem is the language as one of the great cultural language: English, French and possibly also Russian. Didrikil's work is the only one that notices the similarities between the ideas of Kautsky and Lenin globalization of large national language.
It is a relationship of Lenin to Esperanto characterized by Lenin's sister, Maria Uljanovova in 1928 as a wholly negative attitude: Vladimir Ilich many times was very negative on the Esperanto; we talked about the language, he was a great expert of languages. Compare: Alfred D. Low, 'Lenin on the question of nationality', New York, 1958, pp. 54.

E. Drezen, 'La doctrine de en Lenin practice movado por internacia lingvo, 1934; M. Kammari, see also Sennaciulo, Lenin in Bern, a report on the ethnic issue on 13 July 1913; Didrikil: Lenin in 1913 in Zurich, Geneve, Lausanne and Bern. The statement of any items that have reported E. Didrikil, in 1916 in Bern on the national problem.

Didrikil Maria daughter of Georgij Didrikil / Дидрикиль Мария Георгиевна, born 1872; served for the Armed Forces of South Russia 1919, evacuated at the end of 1920 from Novorossiysk on the ship 'Hannover'. Didrikil, A. A., author of the Report on Public Education, ed. Moscow in 1903.

Genealogy of the DIDRIKIL family:
wife of N. I. PODVOYSKY was Nina Avgustovna DIDRIKIL 1882 - 1953, her father ДИДРИКИЛЬ Август / DIDRIKIL Avgust; her sister Augusta Avgustovna + Italian-Swiss origin Frauchi Christian Petrovich - son Frautschi ​​Artusow Hristianovich Arthur 1881-1938?; daughter Frauchi Vera Christianovna; her second sister Olga Avgustovna + КЕДРОВ / Kedrov Mikhail S. 1878 - 1941, son of a notary; son Kedrov Bonifatii Mikhailovich b. 1903, philosopher, chemist; second son Kedrov Igor Mikhailovich 1908-40, working in subjection Dekanozov, arrested in April 1939 and was shot. The family Sverdlov: 1. SVERDLOV Michael Izrailevich / Moshe Serdlin / Mikhail Saveliev, a native of Lithuania, d. 1921, m. to Elizabeth Solomonovna d. 1900, and second time married to КОРМИЛЬЦЕВА Мария Александровна / Kormiltsev Maria: daughter 1.1. Софья Михайловна 1882-1951 or Pauline, her husband Awerbach / Averbach / Auerbach, owner of the steamship company on the Volga - her children Leopold Auerbach Leonidovich 1903-1939, literary critic and member of the Union of Soviet Writers, wife Bonch-Bruevich Vera Vladimirovna, the daughter of Vladimir Dmitrievich Bonch-Bruevich [of Zbyszyn, south-east to Miezonka, close to Woncza], second Ida Leonidovich d. 1938, Deputy of Moscow prosecutor, her husband Henryk Jagoda / ЯГОДА Генрих Григорьевич or Иегода Енон Гершонович / Iegoda Enone Gershonovich, 1891-1938, his son Garik Jagoda 1929 - ? (Ida Leonidovich Auerbach was niece of the Y. M. Sverdlov); second 1.2. Zalman or Yeshua Zolomon Movshev, PESHKOV 1885-1966, adopted by M. Gorky, went abroad in 1903 to France joined the Foreign Legion; 1.3. Yakov Mikhailovich 1885-1919, wife Claudia Novgorodtseva Timofeevna, merchant's daughter, her son Andrey Yakovlevich 1911/14 - 1969, in 1935 and in 1937 he was arrested, later he served in the NKVD, wife - Podvoiskaya Nina 1916-1996, daughter of N. I. Podvoysky (N. I. PODVOYSKY + Nina Avgustovna DIDRIKIL 1882 - 1953, her father ДИДРИКИЛЬ Август / DIDRIKIL Avgust; her sister Augusta Avgustovna + Italian-Swiss origin Frauchi Christian Petrovich - son Frautschi ​​Artusow Hristianovich Arthur 1881-1938); 1.4. Veniamin Mikhailovich 1887-1940, owner of the bank in America, 1918 he returned to Russia, arrested in 1937, shot, wife DELEVSKAYA Vera / Wiera Dalewska; 1.5. Sarah M. 1889-1964; 1.6. Lev Mikhailovich 1891-1914; 1.7. Herman M. 1905/08-1984, 1.8. Alexander b. 1910.


My research concerns many state intelligence networks created in the first half of the 18th century.

Initially it was a global political network of the Russian intelligence infiltrated by the British [1791], French [from the 40s of the 18th century] and Germans [1769/1776], and by the Polish independence conspiracy [was established 1792/1799] starting from a years 1870/1878.

Menzhinsky: he escaped to Finland, in the town of Vyborg, soon he went to Sweden, then moved to Belgium, lived in Brussels, 1908 he moved to Switzerland, where he lived for some time in Zurich, then in Geneva, toured almost the whole of Italy, came to Paris and then in 1910 moved to the U.S., where he lived for some time in New York, Philadelphia and Chicago, in the same year he returned to France, but soon six months traveling around England, since 1913 Vyacheslav Menzhinsky lived in Paris, and even managed to get employees in the private bank Credit Lyonnais (see: Duflon and Konstantynowicz).
Note on Henryk Jagoda was born in 1891 in Rybinsk, Yaroslavl province. 1913 he moved to St. Petersburg, where Podvoisky met him, served for the Red Army, he chaired Podvoisky again; Artuzov had contact with both Menzhinsky and Yagoda, but the most close and intimate relationship he developed with the head of the Cheka - Jagoda: the main activities of the Special Department in 1920-1921 was the fight with the Polish espionage.

My research concerns many state intelligence networks created in the first half of the 18th century.

Initially it was a global political network of the Russian intelligence infiltrated by the British [1791], French [from the 40s of the 18th century] and Germans [1769/1776], and by the Polish independence conspiracy [was established 1792/1799] starting from a years 1870/1878.

The family of Christian Frautschi had six children, and Arthur was the first. The eldest of the children, until his death remained a Swiss citizen, as evidenced by his passport, still stored in one of the Moscow archives. Above father Christian P. Frautschi b. 1860/1865 ?, died in 1923. Kamill Frautschi 1921 - 1997, a violinist; his son Alexander Frautschi 1954-2008, play guitar. The Frautschis were Swiss AAA?€L?Ă‚A‚©migrAAA?€L?Ă‚A‚©s in Russia. Kamill's father Arthur Frautschi Artuzov, a top-ranking officer of the NKVD, as a result, Kamill spent his youth in the Gulag. Artuzov was familiar with the Bolshevik revolutionaries: Podvoisky was frequent guest in the house of Frautschi, married to sister of mother. Since 1906 Artuzov was distributing illegal literature.
1909 he graduated the Novgorod classical gymnasium and entered the metallurgical department of St. Petersburg Polytechnic Institute, graduated in February 1917, then worked as a engineer in Metallurgical Bureau of Professor Vladimir Grum - as metallurgical engineer.
In the summer of 1927 Artuzov was appointed as 2nd Assistant of the Chief of Secret-operative OGPU, Henryk Jagoda. 1930 Artuzov was appointed deputy chief of INO OGPU USSR, and August 1, 1931 - as chief and member of the board INO OGPU USSR. The First Chief of the Directorate of the Committee for State Security, for foreign operations and training and management of the agents, of political, scientific and technical intelligence.
In 1922, after the creation of the State Political Directorate and connecting it with People's Commisariat for Internal Affairs, foreign intelligence was conducted by the GPU Foreign Department, and between December 1923 and July 1934 by the Foreign Department of Joint State Political Directorate or OGPU.
Under Trilisser's management, foreign intelligence had become professionally services. Trilisser himself was very active, traveling to Berlin and Paris. Trilisser left his position in 1930, and was replaced by Artur Artuzov, the former chief of department of counter-intelligence and main initiator of the Trust Operation.

Artuzov Fraucci, Arthur Khristyanovich b. 1891, originally named Renucci or Fraucci, Frauchi. Fraucci, Artuzov is said by most sources to have returned to Russia from Genoa only on the eve of the Revolution. Acc. to: New KGB history..., by Aleln and Rachel Douglas; inf. on A History of the KGB by John J. Dziak, Lexington Books, 1987.
"John J. Dziak's Chekisty is a cut above the mediocre sociologizing about the supposedly new type of Soviet leader, to which we have been subjected by academia and the popular press since the advent of Yuri Aodropov and Mikhail Gorbachov. Its author, a senior Defense Intelligence Agency analyst who took leave to complete this project, obviously disdains the sort of adulation of Gorbachov and his entourage...
Reilly had obtained a post in the Cheka, thanks to Vladimir G. Orlov, who as a Czarist official in Warsaw had handled sensitive cases of subversion and espionage, including that of Feliks Dzerzhinsky, and was now in the latter's employ. When Hill and Reilly finished their work, they escaped unscathed, Trotsky and Dzerzhinsky were greatly strengthened, Lenin lay dying, and an American intelligence network in Soviet Russia was smashed. Men from this Hill-Reilly network of 1918 became key figures in the Trust. These included Reilly himself, Reilly's friend, Boris Savinkov, and two of the men in Reilly's "antiAÄ‚Ë?A?‚¬ÄaˇAA?€L?Ă‚A‚­Bolshevik" network: Yakushev and Eduard Opperput. Russian aristocrats. Numerous Russian aristocrats, from families that had worked for a dynastic change, were active collaborators of the Trust...
Among them were members of the Obolensky, Trubetskoi / Troubetzkoy, Dolgorukov, Artamonov, Shirinsky-Shikhmatov, Svyatopolk-Mirsky, and Lieven families. Prince Yuri A. Shirinsky-Shikhmatov, known as the chief ideologist of the emigre Supreme Monarchical Council, worked out the bitterly anti-Western ideology ... in conjunction with Cheka agent Yakushev. ... main Trust 'legend', was headed by Prince N. S. Trubetskoi / Troubetzkoy and Prince Dmitri Svyatopolk-Mirsky, who later became a member of the Communist Party of Great Britain, before repatriating to the Soviet Union.
His father, the interior minister when Okhrana agent Father Gapon sparked Bloody Sunday, leading to the 1905 Revolution, had refused to arrest the known inciter Gapon before those events.
The Soviets themselves draw attention to the aristocratic element in the Trust... we find old Okhrana agents Reilly and Boris Savinkov, together with the chief of White counterintelligence, the Okhrana's notorious Colonel Klimovich, who was one of the Trust's chief boosters among the emigration. ... Parvus, the future moneybags for the Bolsheviks and arranger of Lenin's return to Petrograd on the sealed train, first made his fortune in the Salonika-Constantinople grain trade run by Volpi's freemasonic associates. Many of the Polish Bolsheviks who played an important role in the early days of Dzerzhinsky's Cheka, had been run by Parvus. In the tiny Balkan kingdom of Montenegro, whose economy and royal house were owned by Volpi from approximately the tum of the century, the Russian military attache from 1903 to 1915 was N. M. Potapov. Out of this apparent backwater, Potapov in 1915 vaulted to the position of Quartermaster General and Deputy Chief of Staff of the Russian Army, in charge of all army intelligence. In the summer of 1917, Potapov began working openly with Bolsheviks he had known since the 1890s ... (made) the transformation of the Tsarist War Ministry into the People's Commissariat for Military Affairs. He became the first Red Army Chief of Staff. The Trust's young mastermind, A. A. Artuzov, in his thirties at the peak of the operation, was a cousin of Potapov. Originally named Renucci or Fraucci, Artuzov is said by most sources to have returned to Russia from Genoa only on the eve of the Revolution, while the Soviets' fictionalized biography of Artuzov acknowledges that he was of Italo-Swiss ancestry. When Potapov was the Trust's emissary to Western Europe in the 1920s, he supposedly fooled the Russian aristocrats abroad into believing he was the representative of an anti-Bolshevik underground. Yet, as emigre chronicler of the Trust S. L. Voitsekhovsky had to admit, it was incomprehensible, how his contemporaries, his former superiors and colleagues, could have believed in the sincerity of his monarchical views. ... The Trust of the spies and provocateurs, as the above shows, turns out to be a microcosm of a much bigger East-West complex, whose strategic outlook was best stated by the infamous Toynbee in 1974. ... Cheka chief Dzerzhinsky wore another hat, as chairman of the Supreme Council for the National Economy, which allowed him to deal directly with the Western members of this larger Trust...". Copyright of above quotation: EIR Volume 15, Number 3, January 15, 1988; in 1988 EIR News Service Inc., All Rights Reserved. A Fresh Look at the February Revolution. New KGB skirts history lessons... by Aleln and Rachel Douglas. "John Dziak leads the IASC's work on technology security, strategic denial and deception and countermeasures. He has served over three decades as a senior intelligence officer and an executive in the Office of the Secretary of Defense and in the Defense Intelligence Agency, with long experience in weapons proliferation intelligence, counterintelligence, strategic intelligence, global countermeasures and intelligence education. He is the author of the award-winning, Chekisty: A History of the KGB (1987), numerous other books, articles, and monographs, the most recent of: which is The Military Relationship Between China and Russia, 1995-2002 (2002), and is currently preparing a book on counterintelligence. Dr. Dziak is fluent in Russian. Dr. Dziak is co-founder and President of Dziak Group, Inc., a consulting firm in the fields of technology transfer, intelligence, counterintelligence and security, and national security affairs with clients in industry and the Intelligence Community. Dr. Dziak is an Adjunct Professor at the National Defense Intelligence College". But "... A. A. Artuzov, in his thirties at the peak of the operation, was a cousin of Potapov. Originally named Renucci or Fraucci, Artuzov is said by most sources to have it returned Russia from Genoa only on the eve of the Revolution, while the Soviet's fictionalized biography of Artuzov acknowledges that he was of Italo - Swiss ancestry. When Potapov was the Trust's emissary is Western Europe in the 1920s, he supposedly the Russian aristocrats fooled into believing abroad he was the representative of an anti-Bolshevik underground". In this quotation, however, is a mistake. Characteristic that appeared to it in the years 1987 and 1988. Recently in 1987, I started by solving puzzles and political genealogy around my Konstantynowicz family in Poland and Russia.

In the first period October 1987 - September 1989 I recognized the immediate environment of our family Konstantynowicz, maybe 200 people; unfortunately it 'coincided' with the death of my father on November 3, 1987; buried 09 November 1987. Curiosity! The webpage 'Executive Intelligence Review www.larouchepub.com/.../eirv15n03-1988011' was founded on 21 November 1987, but EIR, Executive Intelligence Review, was ed. on January 15, 1988, vol. 15, No 3. EIR: Founder and Contributing Editor: Lyndon H. LaRouche, Jr. and Editor-in-chief: Criton Zoakos, Editor: Nora Hamerman. EIR is published by New Solidarity International Press Service. Executive Intelligence Review is a newsmagazine founded in 1974 by the American political activist Lyndon LaRouche. The article "New KGB history skirts lessons of the...", by Aleln and Rachel Douglas, is on "A History of the KGB" by John J. Dziak, Lexington Books, 1987, 234 pages. 'Chekisty: The KGB...' was ed. the first by 'Free Press' on 28 September 1987, and again on 01 January 1988 by this publisher. The Lexington Books edited this book in October 1987, but second publisher 'Ballantine Books' ed. on October 31, 1988. We back to my work. Then came the period of 1990 - 2002, I met Georgia, Russia, etc, but mostly tens people of Poland and other countries has granted me accurate genealogical data, and not just about family Konstantynowicz; thanks to this I could - in 1992 - provide a working thesis of particular importance: "in our family was someone on the top of the Soviet military intelligence" , and our family Konstantynowicz moved in Tsarist Russia very close to the Russian intelligence core. The parts it turned out to be true; I am writing that only partially, because the key person was a Swiss with Italian - Estonian origin, and this man had no affinity with our family, but was created by the military system, whose my Konstantynowicz family was a part: in Miezonka, Swolna, Moscow, Estonia, St. Petersburg, Kazan, the Vaud canton and the nearby Swiss villages, Lodz, Riga. This search took me 27 years, but it took 20 years to Stalin it came up on the trail military conspiracy in May 1937 - probably as long, because the key person - Artusov surely created a Soviet counterintelligence, and next he took the position as head of civilian intelligence, then deputy head of the military intelligence of the Soviet Union. In the period February 2003 to date (31 January 2014 / 22 December 2023 update) in 2014, communicate to all with the help of Yahoo servers in California, knowledge on the history and genealogy of the Konstantynowicz family, by using further of the factual help my readers .

Artuzov / Артур Фраучи was graduating of the metallurgical department of St. Petersburg Polytechnic Institute in February 1917 with a diploma in metal engineering, went to work as an engineer to Nizhny Tagil in the Urals, and in Metallurgical Bureau of Professor Vladimir Grum / Влади́мир Ефи́мович Грум-Гржима́йло (engineer - designer in Metallurgical Bureau of Professor Vladimir Grum). Vladimir E. Grum-Grzymajlo b. 1864, inventor, engineer-metallurgist, his father, Yefim Grum - Grzhimailo was a renowned specialist of tobacco (the Department of Foreign Trade of the Ministry of Finance in 1867); mother, Margaret M., nee Kornilovich, was the niece of A. O. Kornilovich; graduated from the St. Petersburg Mining Institute in 1885, after he worked at the Urals steelworks in Nizhny Tagil, Salda, Alapayevsk; 1911-1918 - an professor of the St. Petersburg Polytechnic Institute. In 1891, foreign trips in Sweden, Germany, France, Belgium, Austria, in 1900, in Paris. On 01 August 1915 in Petersburg / Petrograd was created the Metallurgical Bureau / Bureau of metallurgical and thermal structures / Office / Institute of design fiery furnace; his brother Grigory Efimovich Grum Grzhimailo b. 1860-1936, Russian traveler, geographer and zoologist. Артур Фраучи / Artuzov in August 1917, after returning to Petrograd from another trip to the Urals, to Nizhny Tagil, decided to leave the profession of engineer - designer in the Petrograd office and until December 1917 he worked in the Office of the demobilization of the army and navy. In Autumn 1917 (back home in October 1917) he made 'secret' trip to Italy to Genoa / Genova / Genua; why? - I don't know details on the return way: Italy - British Egipt and Iraq or from Italy to France, Sweden, Finland?
From December 1917 to March 1918 he worked as secretary of the Audit Commission of the Commissariat for Military Affairs in Vologda and Arkhangelsk.

The Fraucci-Artuzov came from Switzerland. They lived near Villenouve and Montreux. Belonged - like the family Diserens / Dizeren - to immigrants from Italy. In the former area of the Republic of Genoa, maybe even from Genoa / Genova / Genua. The figure of Artuzov is the key. The biography of Artuzov acknowledges he was of Italo - Swiss ancestry. That's just the truth. He belonged to a group of Italian and French families, who came to Russia in the first and second half of the 19th century (1879 / 1881 to 1889 important period) from Switzerland and often coming from France.

Samples only:
Another Christian Frautschi immigrated to Wisconsin from Switzerland in 1867. Hans Peter FRAUTSCHI was born in Switzerland in 1841. It is believed his father was Abraham FRAUTSCHI and his mother's name was Mary FRAUTSCHI. His Spouse's name is Katrina FRAUTSCHI born in Switzerland in 1847. Marie Magdalena Reichenbach nee Frautschi b. 1776 in Saanen, canton Bern, Switzerland - d.? Her father Christian Frautschi b. 1750. Christian Frautschi b. 1691 - Saanen; Christian Frautschi b. 1717 - Saanen; Christian Frautschi b. 1749 - Saanen died 1828 - Saanen. Christian Frautschi with wife 1846 Magdalena Eggen b. 1827. Samuel Frautschi b. 1847, d. 1918, in Cantou Bern, Switzerland, married Lena Leifer.

Renucci, born March 29, 1945 in Cozzano, Corse; Renucci, Janine (2001), La Corse. Lauranne, G. Renucci in Genova, Italy. Renucci, born July 11, 1956 in Le Creusot, ca 150 km west of Lausanne. Livorno, Renuccio / RENUCCI (1880-1947). Corsica successively was part of the Republic of Genoa for five centuries.
The construction of the Montreux-Oberland Bernois rail road in 1905 connected the Canton of Vaud with Gstaad and Saanen. The Palace Hotel was opened in 1913 as Gstaad's first luxury hotel. Gsteig that is Gstaad in the Saanen District, Canton of Bern, Switzerland. The Fraucci family is very old ancestry in this valley, from the 16th century. Descendants of Johanne Von Siebenthal born 1568 in Gruben Bei Gstaad, Bern, Switzerland, and his wife MARIA FRUTSCHI married 1592 in Saanen, daughter of HANS FRUTSCHI and BENEDICTA MATTI. She was born on December 02, 1566: D. VON SIEBENTHAL, b. June 07, 1607 was married to ABRAHAM GRIESEN. Several families of Saanen/Gessenay: AELLEN, GANDER, HAUSWIRTH, JAGGI, KROPFLI, WURSTEN and ZWALLEN. The FRAUTSCHI immigrants of Saanen/Gessenay lived in Wisconsin. Christian Frautschi / Frautchi Kristian
(was born on October 20, 1839; worked in the Rhone valley, upstream from Lake Geneva and the famed Castle of Chillon [Castle of Chillon - Avenue de Chillon 21, ca 2 km north of Villeneuve, east side of the Geneve Lake and 3 km south of Montreux).
Then he went to Geneva and spent more than two years there learning cabinetmaking from his Uncle Isaac, whom he referred to as his master. Whether this Isaac Frautschi was an uncle on his father's or his mother's side?
He worked for nearly a year for a cabinetmaker named Rudolph Frautschi for a full year in Ong. Possibly these were relatives; places where he worked were Bule, Oron, Newshatel / Neuchatel, Sion, Aigle [Aigle, 9 km south of Villeneuve, see: Duflon; route of Lenin and Krupska; Frautchi, Frautschi from Saanen], Ormont, Lausanne, and Neuemberg, 1861 he went to Thun),
the fourth of six sons born to Abraham and Maria Magdalena Frautschi, whose maiden name was also Frautschi; two stayed in Turbachtal / Turbach. They were preceded by their Uncle Jacob 1804-1884, the brother of Abraham, and in 1852 came to America - White Mound, Wisconsin, in Sauk County. Note on above Troubetzkoy / Trubetskoi: Prince Никола́й Серге́евич Трубецко́й / Nikolai Troubetzkoy b. 1890 in Moscow; the son of Prince S. Trubetskoy / С. Н. Трубецко́й who was a rector of Moscow University, and his nephew Prince E. Trubetskoy known Russian philosopher. Prince Sergei Troubetzkoy b. 1862, Russian religious philosopher; Brother of the philosopher E. Trubetskoy. Sergei Troubetzkoy was born in the Moscow suburban estate Ahtyrka. His son, above Никола́й Серге́евич Трубецко́й / Nikolai Troubetzkoy in 1920 he emigrated to Bulgaria, he taught at the University of Sofia, to the development of the Eurasian ideology; was attended by P. P. Suvchinsky, G. V. Florovsky, P. N. Savitsky. In 1923 he moved to Vienna, he taught at the University of Vienna. Above named Sergei Troubetzkoy b. 1862 in Kaluga or Ahtyrka, and friend of V. S. Solovyov; parents: Nikolai Troubetzkoy b. 1828 and Sophia Lopuchin b. 1841. His grandparents: Peter Ivanovich Troubetzkoy b. 1798 and Emilia P. Wittgenstein b. 1801; and his great-grandparents: Ivan Nikolayevich Troubetzkoy b. 1760 and Natalia Meshcherskaya b. 1776; and his great-great-grandparents Nikolai Troubetzkoy and Tatiana A. Kozlovsky / Kozlowska. Next a figure. Vyacheslav R. Menzhinsky / Wacław Mienżynski, Mężyński, b. 1874, Saint Petersburg; the security officer, the successor to F. Dzerzhinsky headed OGPU (1926-1934). A Polish noble family of the Orthodox faith: grandfather sang in chorus and father Rudolf Ignatievich Menzhinsky - State Councilor, a graduate of St. Petersburg University, a history teacher; mother, Maria Shakeeva; 1903 sent to Yaroslavl as a representative of the newspaper 'Iskra', a member of the Yaroslavl organization of the RSDLP, met M. S. Kedrov / Kedar?, N. I. Podvoisky, Didrikil Nina wife of Podvoisky.

In the history of intelligence services Artuzov Arthur Frauchi was headed counterintelligence, foreign intelligence and military intelligence, born 1891 in the village Ustinovo, Kashin County, Tver province (Dubbelt or Dubelt family in Kuvshinovo, Tver region = Russia, Tver Oblast, Kuvshinovo, close to Puzakovo; ca 120 km west of Tver), his father Christian Frautschi was a master cheesemaker in the estate of the landowner Likhachev. Frauchi father remained a Swiss citizen; mother, Augusta Avgustovna Didrikil, Latvian descent, taught him French and German, and then he taught himself English. Family of Christian Frautschi, came from Switzerland to Russia in 1881 and settled in the estate of landowner Popov, Apashkovo, Tver province, where his older brother Paul / Peter Frautschi, arrived in this region 1879, next in Yurino estate, manor Zhdanov, Mikhailovsky, Putjatino, the village Davydkovo / Davydovo, 17 km north-west of Kashin, and north-east of Tver. Cheesemaker was working in the estate Mykolaivka, and Christian Frautschi married Augusta Didrikil, Didrikil family was of mixed origin, the Latvian and Estonian, her grandfather was a Scot; after the wedding, the young family settled in the estate at Kashin County, Tver province. The ancestors of the Frautschi family were Italians, but they settled in that part of the country, where lived natives of Germany, village in the mountains - Gstaad, about an hour away by car from Bern and ca 2 km only from Saanen; ca 30 km east of Villeneuve; here were always Frautschi, all generation were cheesemaker; spoke a strange dialect of German; Christian Frautschi, went to Russia from this village; Christian's Petrovich daughter Nina came home in Gstaad during the holidays at summer of 1912. House was unhurt now, the house is so empty since 1912. Elisee Reclus and Piotr Kropotkin were living in Clarens, Montreux. L'Abbaye - Breguet. Abetel in Riex, Lausanne. Morges - Duflon. Demontet - in Villette in the Vaud province. Cully is near to Riex. Villette or Lavaux close to Lutry and Cully. Ramseyer family from Neuchatel and La Chaux-de-Fonds is a Swiss city of the district of La Chaux-de-Fonds in the canton of Neuchatel. Also St-Aubin-Sauges north of Lausanne, Grindlachen, Bern in Switzerland; from Siebnen and Steffisburg north-east of Lousanne, Tavannes, north of Neuchatel.

Villeneuve is a municipality of the canton of Vaud in Switzerland, located ca 30 km east-south of Lausanne; Duflon family gone from Nimes 1584, Lutry 1852, Neuchatel, in Paris 1801 - 1877 Louis Duflon. Duflon in 1906 in d'Ardon, south-east of Villeneuve. Also in La Tour-de-Peilz east from Lausanne, close to Villeneuve, 15 km. The DUFLON family 1745 - 1815 was living in Riex of the Vaud province / Vaud canton, Switzerland / Suisse. M. Wilczek from Lausanne, and Michael Dobrovolsky / Michail / Michal Dobrowolski 1903 - 1907 in Lausanne.

Jean Rey / Jean-Alexandre REY b. 1861 in Lausanne / Lauzanne, Switzerland. His first wife Marie Sautter b. 1870, daughter of Louis Sautter - founder of LEMONNIER - HARLE and Co. with Paul LEMONNIER. Diserens or Dizeren among other things, it were the villages and towns: CLARENS located east from Lausanne, also Villette, Cully and Riex. Villette or Lavaux is located close to Lutry and Cully. Shortly before the First World War Kedrov graduated from the Medical Faculty of the University of Lausanne.

At margin - we know about Anna Frauchi, b. 1716 in Koppigen, Bern district, Switzerland, died in 1756, Switzerland, married 1774 in Jegenstorf, Bern, Switzerland. Didrikil Maria Gieorgievna, born 1872, in the Armed Forces of South Russia and evacuated at the end of January 1920 from Novorossiysk on the ship 'Hannover'. Somebody in Rapperswil-Jona, close to Zurich; and Turbach ca 5 km east of Saanen. Johann Jakob Frautschi / Jacob Jacques Frautschi in 1842, used passport to travel from Switzerland between Canton Berne and Paris, living in Gessenai (Saanen/Gessenay or Saanen, east of Montreux ca 28 km, close to Versoix, near by Rougemont; and now in Schonried close to Saanen; east of Villeneuve), aged 44 years, who was native of Gesseney, who wanted to return to France, married 1843 to Elise Perrin, aged 34 years. Marie Elise Peru­n was born 28 May 1814, and was baptised in 1815 in the parish of Briel (Biel / Bienne, ca 35 km north-east of Neuchatel).

Summer 1904 - Lenin and Krupskaya / Krupska left Geneva for longer holiday; Lenin and Krupskaya settled first in Lausanne, then changed it to Montreux in 1904 (Kropotkin, Konstantynowicz), the starting point of a multi-week trip to the mountains, chose the wildest trails, climbed into the wilderness, away from people; their journey was interesting: from Montreux (with Clarens, here Konstantynowicz), Villeneuve, to Aigle - 11 km south of Villeneuve (Duflon), then tens of kilometers along the river Rhone (to south and south-east), stay in Loiche - les - Bains / Leukerbad - ca 29 / 34 km south-east of Gstaad, Saanen and Turbach (Fraucci or Frautchi - Artuzow), walk down through the Gemmipass - 28 km south-east of Gstaad, in the mountains of the Bernese canton - 30 to 40 km east of Saanen and Turbach (Frautchi), visit to the Jungfrau / Jungfraujoch - ca 55 to 60 km east of Saanen, again stay at Izentale (or Iseltwald) on Brienzersee - 60/70 km east-north of Saanen, next the way back into the Canton of Geneva (back home on west from Spiez, Saanen, Villeneuve, Montreux), where before returning to Geneva, Lenin and Krupskaya lived in a guest house near lac de Bret (Lac de Bret, Puidoux, Suisse - close to Riex, Cully, 5 km north-east of Cully, ca 15 km east of Lausanne, and 9 km north-west of Vevey; see: Breguet and Duflon, Diserens) in company with Bogdanov; the walk had beneficent effect on Lenin; the nerves came back to normal. How long the journey took for Lenin? It can be answered accurately; their tour began in early July 1904 and lasted nearly two months. Montreux and Vevey nearby well known in Russia at the beginning of the 20th century. Stayed here Tchaikovsky, Tolstoy, Dostoevsky, Gogol, Vyazemskij, Stravinsky, Diaghilev. Somewhere nearby, in the mountains, held secret meetings Lenin in 1904 (mountains east of Montreux to Saanen). Lenin was writing from Bern to Geneva, that will be living in Montreux in October 1914, next in Zurich. Probably in Hotel 'Сплендид', a room No 53; in March 1914 Samoilov / Самойлов was in Montreux. Hotel Splendid / Hotel Splendid, Grand rue 52, 1820 Монтре / Montreux center, 2 km south-east of Clarens, but only 50 meters to Lake and ferry. The Hotel Splendid Montreux, in front of Lake Geneva / Lac Leman, was built at the end of the 19th century and its opening was in 1904. Vladimir Lenin was here in 1908. Lenin maybe was living in Hotel Splendid in 1904? This is the Duflon family core: Clarens, Grandvaux, Chavornay, Montreux, Lausanne.

Alyaksandr Malinovsky / Aliaksandr Alyaksandravіch Malіnoўskі / Alexander Alexandrovich Bogdanov / Malinowski / Werner / Maksimov, b. 1873 in Sokołka, Grodno Governorate, Russian Empire (now Poland), of Belarusian ethnicity, a doctor, economist, philosopher; Bogdanov and Lenin met in Switzerland in the summer of 1904 and entered into an alliance, to 1909.


My research concerns many state intelligence networks created in the first half of the 18th century.

Initially it was a global political network of the Russian intelligence infiltrated by the British [1791], French [from the 40s of the 18th century] and Germans [1769/1776], and by the Polish independence conspiracy [was established 1792/1799] starting from a years 1870/1878.

Electric lighting has come into use in Russia in 1880s. In the end, the concession for the construction of the first power plant in Ufa and Ufa province was signed in 1896 by a specialist of the companies: 'Dyuflon and Konstantynowicz' from St. Petersburg and the 'Sautter, Harle and Co.' from Paris, engineer Nikolai Vladimirovich Konshin / Владимирович Коншин. Construction of the city's first power plant taken about two years, on 01 February 1898 it gave a light. The city council had to pay for it to the owner 275 thousand rubles. In July 1918 to October 1918 Konshin went through terrible ordeals, he was among the 98 hostages of Ufa. He was alive in the early 1920s. His father probably Konshin Vladimir Nikolaevich born ?, member of the Board of the South - Eastern Railway Society and the Rybinsk Railway. Above Konshin Nikolai V. born ?, was working for the Prince of Oldenburg for the exploration of manganese around Trebizond 1887 - 1888, a member of the South Ussuri Expedition 1888 - 1890 and for the exploration of coal in the Semipalatinsk region 1890, in the Urals from 1891, built at his own expense the first power plant in Ufa 1898.

The Minsk City Council on June 28, 1894 decided on the introduction of electric lighting and the Town Council concluded an agreement with the Dyuflon and Konstantynowicz Company. According to the agreement a power station and the city's network lighting should be equipped with a steam boiler of Fiiner Gamper / Hamper from Sosnowiec, Westinghouse steam engine system, dynamos of the Baltic electric plant in Riga, lightbulbs of the Gabriel and Anzheno / Angeno Comp. from Paris, and electric bulbs of Harle factory. On January 12, 1895 in Minsk, the first city power station started. In 1899 the plant was named 'Elvod', Minsk became the fourth city after Moscow, St. Petersburg and Kiev, where began to use electrical networks.

On the Parnu history and power stations and electrical networks in Estonia: One hundred years ago in Parnu earned powerhouse. "The first power that earned in 1907, on the right bank of the Parnu River , has not survived. Its capacity was inadequate and just four years later had to build a new power plant. This building still stands today...". "It is particularly interesting that once held two submarine cable across the river Parnu, as the network of street lighting was on one side, and the power plant - on the other". In 1915, the commandant of the city Rodzyanko gave the order to blow up a number of industries and power station, too. In Estonia, the use of electricity began in 1882 at the Manufactory of Kreenholm, but the first public power - 108 or 100 kW and 220 V - launched November 2, 1907 in Parnu. The first industrial power plant was built at the Kunda cement factory in 1893. Kotri Hangelaid or Gottfried Hacker or Hakker b. 1887 d. 1961 in Germany, graduated from Wismar Polytechnical School as certified engineer, 1913 lived in LEHOLA.
Designed and built Estonian first electric power plant to Aru bog, on rented land from Kunda manor and the first high-voltage line 15 kV between different areas, which on 18 Oct. 1918 brought electricity to Rakvere. 1919 - 1939 was living in Tallinn. 1939 emigrated to Germany. Kunda in Kirchspiel Maholm, Viru-Nigula Parish in Virumaa County, at present the Kunda Municipality in Laane-Virumaa County. Viru-Nigula Parish - 25 km east-north of Rakvere, 13 km south-east of Kunda. "At the end of 1860s the owner of Kunda Manor John Girard de Soucanton became interested in the possibility of producing cement. Since 1893 steam engines were used for mining raw material, and a hydroelectric power station was completed at the same time (the first in all Estonia)". Gustav John Edmund Baron Girard de Soucanton, from Selgs b. 1863 in Kunda. His wife Sophie Eleonore (Ellinor) Girard de Soucanton (von Rosenbach). His grandfather from Reval, Johann Carl Baron Girard de Soucanton b. 1785. The Girard family was originally from the French countryside Languedoc - Roussillon. Bliebernicht Johann Eduard began producing beer in 1869. He was bought in Parnu a mechanical plant. In 1910 introduced the first electric motors. In 1899 founded in Tallinn, electric motors and generators manufacturing factory 'Volta'. The first power plant was built in factories, for example in Narva, Kunda cement factory, a train factory in Tallinn, Parnu in 1907. Followed by Tartu, Viljandi, Valga and Voru city. In 1907 the first public power station was opened in Estonia and Parnu was the first city in the whole of Russia, where the streets had light bulbs. The generator operated the steam engine and the electric went to city street lighting. The Parnu plant was ready in 1907; because it would have been cheaper to use coal to heat the plant, in 1910 this plant has been rebuilt and expanded.

Carl Wilhelm Luther born 1859 in Tallinn, d. 1903 in Berlin, as a son of the German Baltic merchant and entrepreneur Alexander Martin Luther (1810-1876) and his wife Henriette Caroline Steding (1825-1905).
Carl's older brother was the entrepreneur Christian Wilhelm Luther (1857-1914),
Carl Wilhelm Luther concluded in 1885, the Polytechnic of the Livonian capital Riga in mechanical engineering, working in St. Petersburg, and next he returned to Estonia; Carl was the technical director of the wood and furniture company; there were a power station, a drying system for wood; 1898, the company was the joint stock company, technical director Carl Wilhelm Luther; introduced aircraft, automobile and railway parts. In London, the export company Venesta in 1897 was founded, which had the sole distribution rights of the products in the British Empire; Christian and Carl Luther in April 1899 founded the Volta factory in Tallinn, which focused on the manufacture of electric motors and generators for the Russian market; he held the post of Director of the corporation (see Schaub). Both brothers attended the World's Fair in 1900 in Paris. Carl Wilhelm Luther was son of Alexander Martin Luther and Henriette Caroline Luther, and was husband of Sidney Frances; he was father of Winifred Luther, by Ilmar Raudmagi.

Alexander Martin Luther b. 1810 in Tallinn, Harju. Son of Christian II Wilhelm Luther and Johanna Amalie Amalie. Brother of Gerdruta Carolina Paulsen; Auguste Charlotte Luther; Catharina Henriette Luther; Helene Amalie Luther; Johann Christian Luther; Leopold Luther; Moritz Wilhelm Luther and Ferdinand Wilhelm Luther, by Lasse Solderstrum, Raul Kalev, Epp Ehasalu.
Above mentioned Johanna Amalie Amalie Luther nee Gebauer b. 1774; daughter of Johann David Gebauer, II.
Above Christian II Wilhelm Luther b. 1774 in Tallinn, Harju. Son of Georg Christian Luther, II and Maria Helene. Copyright by Lasse Soderstrom and Ehasalu. Above Georg Christian Luther, II was born 1717 in Breslau / Wrocław, Poland.

In Viljandi in 1900 'Viljandi Telephone Company' started; A. Rosenberg houses had got electric light in 1902 from a power station commissioned by Volta factory. In 1910 the 'Inthal & Co.' power station to get electric lights downtown businesses, the first permanent cinema and residential houses in Viljandi. 1912 the city constructed a new power plant.

On the Hacker or Hakker family from Estonia:

Hacker / Hakker / Kotri Hangelaid or Gottfried Hacker or Hakker b. 1887 d. 1961; his son Gert Hacker / Hangelaid; his brother Hugo Wilhelm Eduard Hacker b. 1884; his father Wilhelm Hacker b. 1852, grandfather (Szymon) Siim Hacker b. 1817. About above named Gottfried Hacker or Hakker: engineer, Wismar Polytechnic 1909 - 1913, Lehola / Leola 1913, Kunda 1918.
Gottfried Hacker or Hakker was living in Harjumaa, Lehola / Leola in 1913.


About above Siim Hacker b. 1817; his sons: Constantin Johann Hacker b. 1859 d. on February 28, 1926 in Keila - Keila town is 5 km north-east of Lehola, Harju County, and Keila is west of Saku; Gustav Hacker b. 1854 Hiiumaa - island, west of Haapsalu, died on September 28, 1917 in Tallinn, Harjumaa (his daughter Olga-Pauline Hacker b. 1876 d. 1877).

Lehola: here was born in 1740 Christian Wilhelm / Христиан Вильгельм Гернет died ca 1819, born in Lehhola / Lehola as above, Estonia - and his sons: 1. Hans Moritz von Gernet born 1775 died 1860 (his son Adam Oskar von Gernet 1834 in Reval - 1908 in Reval - and his son: Moritz Nikolai Oswald von Gernet born 1867 Sallenstad - d. ?) and 2. Otto Heinrich von Gernet (1780 Reval - 1848) and 3. Frederick Wilhelm / Fridrich Wilhelm / Фридрих Вильгельм Гернет born 1783 died 1857; and next son born in 1747 Karl Gustaw von Gernet / Карл Густав Гернет (Carl Gustav von Gernet born in Waikna and died 1812 in Lehhola / Lehola, Estonia with son Karl Iogann / Carl Iohan von Gernet - Waikna / Vaikna that is support manor of Koluvere manor, Kullamaa Parish in Laanemaa County; 38 km east of Haapsalu and also east of Kiideva, north-west-north of Parnu, 70 km circa). Sophia nee Armand was the daughter of Ivan Armand from his second marriage and was born c. 1830, she was granddaughter of Paul ARMAND that is Pavel. She married a Swede from Estonia - Joseph Hekke (Hacker or Hakker among others from Lehola) about 1850. No data about this Swede but this family gone from Estland / Eesti / Estonia. From this marriage was the oldest Maria Osipovna that is daughter of Osip / Joseph. She was born about 1851. The second child was 12 years later, and was born about 1863 - Sophia Osipovna. And about 1864 Alexandr son. When their parents died c. 1866, a guardian was appointed - uncle Evgeny 'second'. He put children in his office in the Old Square and Evgeny hired a governess for the children about 1867.

Evgeny second / Eugene-Louis Armand was b. 1809 and died 1890, was a son of Jean Armand / Ivan Armand and his first wife Elizabeth Osipovna (born 1788, died 1817) called Sabina, and the second wife was Marie Barbe, born Kolinon (1780 - 1872) who had a daughter Sophia, later married a Swede, Osip Hecke / Hekke / Joseph Hekke (Hacker or Hakker from Estonia, but roots from Sweden or Sverige?!) about 1850. The COLLIGNON family in France was living in Lorraine 1835 (Meuse), Ile-de-France 1725, and in Russia 1858, in St Petersburg. In 1912 released the first high-frequency machine for wireless telegraphy and telephony by Duflon and Konstantynowicz Company.


The ARMAND family from Moscow [+ General Franciszek Paszkowski] and the French roots of the Konstantynowicz family [Anna Armand Konstantynowicz and Inessa Armand - Lenin Uljanov] - Prometheism / PROMETHEISM of Poles in Russia, 1877/1878 - 1904: Jean-Louis Armand (1786 - 1855 in Moscow) appeared in Russia in 1799, together with his father Paul Armand and mother Angelica (1765 / 1767 - 1813 in Moscow), the daughter of Charles, during an escape from the terror of the French Revolution. Paul Armand b. ca 1762 was a prosperous farmer in Normandie and sympathized royalists. He, settling in Paris, opened the building workshop; there he married Angelica, b. 1767, the daughter of Charles from Alsatie; he decided to build his commerce on the French wines trade in Russia. Once the ship crashed in the Bay of Biscay and it ruined family of Armand in 1791. But Paul soon had good commercial relations in shipping ports of south France (Nice and Marseille probably). The 29 year-old General Paul Armand, in 1791 [Jean-Louis Armand in 1799], came from Paris to Russia in the carriage of the Marquis de Courtenay [see below]. He had an antique best wines of France in barrels, bought up at the south. Paul Armand expected to open in Moscow own wine shop. On the way to Russia, he did not know that it will suffer a financial collapse: the ship will sink with wine in 1791. After the shipwreck of wine in the Bay of Biscay, Armand transfered trade of wines to the Mediterranean ports of France, in 1792/1793, it took place perhaps during the continental blockade taken by England against Napoleon. Then, after 1815, the trade lasted maybe until the Crimean War in the 50's of the 19th century. Paul Armand ran the wine trade through the ports in the south of France to Russia: a probable route from Marseille - Nice - after Italian Naples - Smyrna / Smyrne (see the Ralli Brothers from London, Marseille, India) in Turkey? - Crimea / Krym, where the Armand family had a very good trade agreements. A Demonsi / Demontet family ran in Moscow and in KAZAN a sales of these French wines. When Paul Armand married [ca 1783 / 1785], he did not know what would be the basis of family trade - fashionable hats at first. Next to the fashionable shop of Armand in MOSCOW, was trading house of DEMONSI / Demonet where sold not only fashionable Parisian clothes, but also French wines, perfumes, delicacies and even lamps. Mentioned above Jean-Louis Armand, from his first marriage [ca 1806] to Elizabeth Osipovna (1786 / 1788 - 1817), Sabine called her, had a son Yevgeny / EUGENIUSZ ARMAND, born in 1809. From his second marriage, Jean-Louis and Marie-Barbe, nee Collignon (1780 - 1872) had a daughter Sophia, married a Swede, Osip Hecke / Hoecke/ Hacker [compare HACKER in the Duflon and Konstantynowicz Company]. In 1811 in Moscow lived: Jean-Louis Armand b. ca 1786 / 1787, and his son Louis-Jean ARMAND, b. 1807 / 1808, French nation; his wife Elizabeth Osipovna b. ca 1786/1787/1788 and the daughter Elizabeth b. 1807. Also merchant Paul / Pavel Armand b. 1762, who arrived (again?) to Moscow in 1808; his wife Angelica, the daughter of Charles, was born 1767. The following layout, configuration is created: Freemasonry and General George Washington / Jerzy Washington - Bystrzanowski Szafraniec or {B. Bystrzanowski / Bronislaw, acc. to me} Bystrzanowski / Br. Bystrzonowski {Br. = Brother ?}, a Polish soldier who came over to America, the US country, Freemason, together with Tadeusz Kosciuszko / Tadheus Kosciusko in the Summer of 1776 - the Bystrzanowski / Soltyk family from Sekursko - Trzebniow - Dabrowno {a line to Konarski and Kell - MI5 - more below !}; closely affiliated with the KIEDRZYNSKI family of KAMYK - Kiedrzyn near Czestochowa and Bleszynski of Wielgomlyny [in SEKURSKO of Bystrzanowski]; the Paszkowski family: Jan Paszkowski [Dabrowno with Sebastian Bystrzanowski]; his sons: 1. Wojciech Paszkowski [Trzebniow belonged to Sebastian Bystrzanowski, and the estate was managed by Wojciech Paszkowski who was the friend to Artur Potocki - the bearer of the Templar degree of the Freemasonry + General Franciszek Maksymilian Paszkowski in CRACOW in 1830/1832 + the Templars around General Franciszek Paszkowski in Cracow after 1840 - the line to Duke Kent in Scotland - the line to Demonsi of KAZAN; Armand of Moscow {+ Maria Wilhelmina Paszkowska Armand + Anna Konstantynowicz / Lenin and Inessa Armand / Lenin}; Breguet {+ Kazan, St. Petersburg, Duflon, Venture de Paradise, Maleszewski - Poniatowski, Jozef Sulkowski}; Duflon {+ Drzewiecki + Martynov / Katenin / Orlov Denisov} + Konstantynowicz / Armand in Moscow, Swolna, Miezonka, Nomme-Tallinn]; 2. and next son General Franciszek Paszkowski + political relationships with General Stanislaw Fiszer + General Tadeusz Kosciuszko [Kosciuszko - the friend of Thomas Jefferson - the ILLUMINATI - see Polish conspirators: Szaniawski, Horodyski, Neyman, Soltyk, and MALESZEWSKI - 1789 in France and the ILLUMINATI - Breguet and KAZAN]. Tadeusz Kosciuszko, the hero of Poland and the United States, an honorary French citizen, happily saved from the maritime disaster, stayed in July 1776 at Martinique and moved to America to fight for the independence of the United States. Tadeusz Kosciuszko set off from France to America in July 1776. At the Martinique coast, the ship crashed on the reefs, but Kosciuszko and five other Poles survived - they flowed with him as volunteers to the American army. They spent a month in Martinique because no ships were traveling due to numerous storms. Unable to wait, they hired a small fishing boat and sailed to Miami [Spanish city]. Information about the catastrophe of the Kosciuszko ship was released only one year later in the 'Nowiny' newspaper. Kosciuszko was already a colonel of the American army. He was there for eight years, during which he fought for independence of the United States, he worked as an engineer. Wanting to go to America, Kosciuszko probably came to a well-known French writer - Pierre Augustian de Beamarchais, who as a member of the French intelligence could help him on a trip to America. Probably in June 1776, he left the port of Le Havre. The many dangers that he experienced during the cruise, the 'Nowiny' described on April 16, 1777. During a voyage to America, a ship carrying Kosciuszko and five others, unknown Poles, turns off course during a storm and crashes near the island of Martinique. One of the Poles was Bystrzanowski, maybe born ca 1745/1755. Michal Chrapowicki {Michal Mikolaj Chrapowicki b. 1780 / Michal Chrapowicki, Marschall of Dzisna county, and Minsk Province, owner of Jasnogorki and Korolla in Zmudz, and Prozorok in the county of Dzisna, m. 1st Joanna Okuszkowna / Joanna Okuszko, with a son Kazimierz Chrapowicki and a daughter. Named Kazimierz Chrapowicki 1817-1881 married to Adela Ciechanowiecka 1823-1887. KAZIMIERZ's brother was Arkadiusz Chrapowicki / Arkady, m. to Stefania Julia Radziwill. Michal Chrapowicki with his second wife, Jozefa Korsak, had the son Arkadyusz married Stefania Julia Radziwill, 1825-1896. STEFANIA Julia RADZIWILL was the owner of MIEZONKA bef. 1842 - see Dominik Konstantynowicz b. ca 1800/1805, in 1842 the Miezonka landlord, m. Oktawia Piottuch-Kublicka of Kublicze, the 1st wife to Jozef SZUMSKI, and Dominika's son Antoni Konstantynowicz, and the grandson Stanislaw Konstantynowicz + Anna Malkiewicz. Dominka's second son General Wasyl Konstantynowicz of KAZAN, the grandson Apolon Konstantynowicz [the BREGUET Company aft. 1884/1885 co-operated with Duflon and Apolon Konstantynowicz. Duflon was the friend to Jozef Drzewiecki in St Petersburg. The Konstantynowiczs of Miezonka, Swolna, Viljandi, Tallinn, Lida, Bydgoszcz, Buenos Aires and Mexico, Kazan and Moscow were closest to JAROSZEWICZ, Swierczewski and Marian SPYCHALSKI aft. 1944 in new Poland] + Anna ARMAND, the friend to LENIN and Inessa Armand}. Ostashevo (until 1861 - Aleksandrovskoe-Ostashevo)
is a fragmentary preserved estate on the left bank of the Ruza reservoir, 21 km from the Volokolamsk suburb near Moscow.
Ostashevo, a small village, 140 kilometers to Moscow.

In 1832/1833, colonel Jozef Zaliwski arrived from exile with a few companions and began preparations for the uprising in the Russian lands [see SULIMIERSKI in Lubiec close to Wola Pszczolecka].
The first attempts to create a conspiracy were made by Walerian Pietkiewicz - the emissary of Joachim Lelewel [my ancestor Gabryel Kiedrzynski, who 5 times changed surname, back to home around March/April 1832, and in January 1833 took new last name].
The center was in Kolbuszowa (property of the Tyszkiewicz family) in Galicia, where after 1831 many of the November insurgents were held. Preparations were directed by the Union of people without names [Association of an unnamed = innominate people / The Nameless Association / Unknown Association].

Adam Mickiewicz already during a trip to Rome and to Florence in the summer of 1830, said, according to Odyniec, similar thoughts like the closest and most faithful followers of Towianski, Ferdynand Gutt who wrote to Walerian Pietkiewicz in 1836.

Walerian Pietkiewicz befriended with Gutt and he was the recipient of many of his letters sent from countries where Ferdinand traveled in those years. As Stanislaw Pigon Ferdinand wrote from Germany.
The year 1830 ended with a stronger accent, with the outbreak of the uprising in the Kingdom of Poland and the expansion of war activities to Lithuania soon. Walerian Pietkiewicz was a member of the Central Vilnius Committee and friend of Joachim Lelewel.

Valeryan Pietkiewicz knew well Towianski, like Gutt Ferdynand. He gives the testimony of honesty although in 1830 they did not take up arms; Gutt as a doctor served his knowledge on both sides. And he - at the request of General Paskevich - for the protection of Russian soldiers wounded in the Polish war of 1830-1831, was decorated on January 13, 1834 with the order of Saint Anna's third grade.
On January 24, 1836 from Mannheim, Gutt wrote to Pietkiewicz that his father was murdered on 1 November 1835 at home. Money was not taken; the tragic death of the pharmacist Jerzy Gutt was dominated by legends, as always, when the perpetrators could not be detected. One of the legends accused Mikolaj Malinowski, the son-in-law of Gutt. By Krasinski - Towianski persuaded Ferdinand Gutt to murder his father [the letter of Zygmunt Karasinski to Delfina Potocka on March 19, 1842].
Extensive fragments of letters from Gutt to Pietkiewicz, written in 1833-1837 from Germany, are quoted by Stanislaw Pigon in the book "From the Age of Mickiewicz - Studies and Sketches" (1922).

Jozef Ignacy Kraszewski wrote on Metyavichi / Maciewicze / Mieciavicy in the SLUCK district.

The grandson of Nicholas I, Konstantin Romanov, received this estate in 1903.
The previous owner, Nikolai Shipov, was one of the greatest agricultural innovators of his era. In 1854 he bought 200 cows, hired a specialist from Switzerland and established a cheese factory at Ostashevo [FRAUCHI ?]. Duke Konstanty Radziwill of Nowogrodek [After the death of prince Maciej Radziwill in 1800, Poloneczka was inherited by his son, Konstanty Mikolaj Radziwill (1793-1869), by his mother Elzbieta Chodkiewicz Radziwill. In 1815, Konstanty Radziwill married Maria Grabowska, who died in 1826. 2nd marriage to Celestyna Sulistrowska. Konstatnty m. 3rd to Adela Karnicka. Konstanty Mikolaj Radziwill was, among others, a member of the Vilnius Education Commission (1820), chamberlain of the tsarist court (1832), marshal of the nobility of the Nowogrodek Province (1832-1835), a correspondent member of the Imperator Russian Geographical Society.
During this period he became friends with Wladyslaw Syrokomla.
Prince Konstanty Mikolaj Radziwill / Constantine was the leader of a secret patriotic association operating in Lithuania, which led to his arrest. He made contact with the decembrists, and met in Vilnius in 1823 several times with Aleksander Bestuzew.
His son Maciej Jozef Radziwill (1842-1907) after returning from exile in Russia, married Jadwiga Krasinska in 1867 (1843-1913), heiress of the property Zegrze near Warsaw - see Gersdorf here], Woynillowicz,
Nowomiejski in Wilno. Wiktor Konstantynowicz the 2nd was born 1874 in Kazan (not Riga) and died 1945 in Tallinn, the cemetery of Hiiu-Rahu Str. at Nomme area; was connected with Finnland / Finlandia / Finland. Victor Konstantynowicz vel Wiktor Konstantynowicz Staroch Siedoch vel Starych Siedych / Sedykh (acc. to me he changed the surname because Viktor Konstantinovich has the documents named Constantine and scans of Estonian passports with the Starych Siedych), was born on 20 October 1874 in Kazan, his father unknown name, but mother was Mary vel Maria nee Trubecki / Duchess Mary Trubetskaya / Maria Trubecka / Trubetskaja / Trubetzkaya born ca 1853 (or circa 1840). Wiktor Konstantynowicz was married to Alexandra Nikolaevna nee Starych Siedych / Sedykh / Siedoh, born 03 February 1877 in St Petersburg, her father Nikolai Ivanov Starych Siedych / Sedykh / Siedoh, mother Olga Ryabchinskaya / Riabczynski. On the Baltic German family von Krause and the Siselinna / Siselinna kalmistu Cemetery, str Vana Kaarli kalmistu, place K VI, 11-1. That is the Defence Forces Cemetery of Tallinn, sometimes called the Tallinn Military Cemetery, is one of the three cemeteries of the Tallinn City Centre Cemetery. It is situated about 3 kilometres outside the centre of Tallinn, the capital of Estonia. Dunkel Galina at the cemetery of Siselinna was buried on 13 August 1982; here name of Rita Krause. Maybe Rita is a daughter of Galina, and Rita Irene and Rita are the same person. Siselinna Cemetery No K VI 11/1 11/1 - Dunkel Galina on 13.08.1982 by Rita Krause. Siselinna Cemetery No K IX 4/5 buried Krauze Rita-Ireene on 21.11.1998. Dunkel, Balduin-Heinrich, captain, reg. file ERA.554.1.139 - ERA.1868.1.1361 on 16.03.1934-15.01.1935 that is Heinrich Dunkel, father of Rita Irene nee Dunkel. Victor Konstantinovich born on 20.10.1874 in Kazan, his father Konstantinovich, mother Mary Trubetskoy / Trubetskaya, was sailor, Petrograd, Alexandra b. 03.02.1877 in Petersburg, her father Nikołaj Iwanow, mother Olga Ryabchinskaya, Victor was living on 09/06/1934 in Nomme. The Krauze / Krause family, Latvian-German origin, before the Second War in Latvia and Estonia: June 6, 1925 from 'Latvijas Vestnesis' / 'Latvian Herald', on actress Irma Emma Krauze from Liepaja. Johann Wilhelm Krause b. 1757 in Lower Silesia - died 1828 Tartu, Krause had studied a little of theology, drawing and architecture. Krause had been a technician in the army of Prussia, and he came to Livonia as a home teacher in 1784 of Riga, worked as an architect in Aluksne and Kizbele, Tartu thanks to his family relations: he had married the sister of the wife of the future Rector of the University. In January 1806 Krause was elected Professor Ordinary of Economics until his death in 1828. Melik - Beglyarov / Melik-Beglarov family from Armenia and Azerbaijan: Melik-Beglyarov Shaamir Khan Fridunovich / Shamir Fridonovich or Shemir Bey, 1808 Lieutenant, Russian service, 1821 as Chief of Staff for Commander of the Caucasian Russian Army, General Ermolov; Major-General, the translator of the Russian mission in Persia in Tabriz, descendant of an old Armenian Karabakh ancestry. Melik - Beglyarov Osip Fridunovich, 1826 - the lieutenant, in Karabakh, 1849 a colonel. Melik-Beglyarov Gerasim - colonel of medical service, a nobleman, born 1851, the representative of the ancient Armenian Karabakh ancestry, a senior doctor of the 3rd Infantry Caucasian native militia, 1891-1897 in Elisavetpol. Melik-Beglyarov Jason Hezekiah Luarsabovich b. 1861, graduated in 1891, the Ryazan - Kazan line and Moscow-Kazan Railway, was in that position until 1917, lived in Moscow. Paul Shamirovich Melik-Beglyarov. Maypariani or Maipariani from Tbilisi, Georgia. Japaridze from Tbilisi. The Japaridze / ჯაფარიძე is a Georgian noble family, a princely one in the Kingdom of Imereti, and in Kartli, Kakheti. Under the Russian rule, the family was received among the princely nobility in 1850. 1. Dzhaparidze / Джапаридзе / Japaridze / ჯაფარიძე Prokofy b. 1880, Georgian Communist activist, as Alyosha Dzhaparidze, Alyoşa Caparidze, Прокофий Апрасионович Джапаридзе was Bolshevik Party leaders in Azerbaijan during the Russian Revolution. Schnaubert or Shnaubert Ivan A., Professor of Chemistry at Kharkov University, b. about 1781 in Giessen in Hesse region. He studied at the Chemical Institute in Erfurt, Jena in 1803. In 1804 he was invited to Kharkov University and was appointed professor of chemistry. Boris Shnaubert b. 1852

in Moscow and died October 1917, a Russian engineer and architect, he served on the Moscow - Kazan Railway. Kazan ca 1870 - 1890? Repeatedly executed orders from wealthy merchant family Абрикосовых / Abrikosov 1900 - 1904 in Moscow. See Demonets
and Anastasia Gruzinskaya from Daugavpils. Demontet / Demonsi / Demonets, Kazan ca 1835 - 1839. Demonsi Carl, the son of a Frenchman,
a native of Moscow, he studied at the Kazan univ. 1837, was prof. at the Kharkov Univ., died in 1867.
Demonsi was in 1864 a Moscow merchant 1st guild and a shareholder of a plants in the Urals. Barbara Karlovna Armand from the Demonsi family was wife of Evgeny Armand. Her sons: 1. Aleksandr E. Armand 1870 - 1943, wife Ines Armand Stephane - his daughters Inna, Varvara, and sons Aleksandr Aleksandrovich, Fiedor Aleksandrovich, 2. Vladimir E. Armand 1874 - 1875, 3. Nikolaj / Nicholas E. Armand and his wife Rene / Maria Feodorovna Stephane Armand 1872 - 1936, his son a. Pavel Nikolajevich Armand 1902 - 1964, his daughter Rene Pavlovna, b. daughter Marija Nikolayevna, 4. Boris E. Armand 1878 - 1920, 5. Sergej / Siergiej / Sergey E. Armand 1882 - 1945, 6. daughters: Zofia / Sofija, Anna Evgenievna, Viera, Evgenija, Varvara, Maria / Marija. Sergei Shipov, b. in 1790, was descended from a well-to-do gentry family in Kostroma province. In 1832 he served Ministry of War. 1841 - 1846 the governor of KAZAN - compare DEMONSI and Wasyl Konstantynowicz + Breguet in KAZAN + V. A. KOKOREV in KAZAN ca 1843 {1844 tax reform note on farms; near LIKHACHEV before 1844; 1843-1844 he had two farms close to Kazan}. SERGEI born 1790, had youngers brothers
[the textile manufacturing - see also ARMAND:
DMITRII P. Shipov - a governor;
and Pavel born ca 1795/1800;
and maybe the serf entrepreneur Nikolai Shipov SENIOR roamed the Russian Empire in 1813 until 1844]. Paul Armand ran the wine trade through the ports in the south of France to Russia: a probable route from Marseille - Nice - after Italian Naples - Smyrna / Smyrne (see the Ralli Brothers from London, Marseille, India) in Turkey? - Crimea / Krym, where the Armand family had a very good trade agreements. A Demonsi / Demontet family ran in Moscow and in KAZAN a sales of these French wines. When Paul Armand married [ca 1783 / 1785], he did not know what would be the basis of family trade - fashionable hats at first. Next to the fashionable shop of Armand in MOSCOW, was trading house of DEMONSI / Demonet where sold not only fashionable Parisian clothes, but also French wines, perfumes, delicacies and even lamps. Walentyna Soltan
(born Piottuch-Kublicka, b. ca 1800 / 1810 + Wladyslaw Jozef Soltan b. 1795, died in 1843, son of Benedykt b. 1770 and Jozefa Benislawska.
Walentyna's daughter was Oktawia Soltan, 1830 - 15.8.1871 in Kazan + in 1849 to Wladyslaw Hieronim Samuel Soltan, 1824 - 1900, the January Uprising 1863). Strong political ties connected them with {Freemasonry and the fight for independent Poland - Kosciuszko-Fiszer-General Franciszek Paszkowski + Armand-Konstantynowicz-Japaridze in Moscow + Duflon-Breguet} the independence conspiracy linked to Erasmus Mycielski / ERAZM Mycielski, Ignacy Pradzynski, Kalasanty Szaniawski, and thus indirectly with General Fraciszek Paszkowski [+ Horodyski, Maleszewski, Venture, Breguet, Neyman and the TEMPLARS], General Tadeusz Kosciuszko [see Jefferson and Illuminati movement], and through the family of BREZA to General Stanislaw Fiszer and his wife Fiszer - Kwilecka.


Net of Polish conspirators, 1767/1768-1918: Romanow in the Zhytomyr county [Stebnicki; compare Gizycki, Oskierka], Kamieniec Podolski and Skala Podolska [Carsten Niebuhr in 1767 to Kossakowski, Stadnicki, Krasinski]; Felsztyn and Kamionka Wielka [Krasicki with Pradzynski and Sulimierski branch]; Rohatyn [Wilhelm Reich and homosexual ideology, with line to Krasinski, Jan Klemens Branicki and the Poniatowskis], Krasne close to Przasnysz [+ the Baranowo parish, north-west to Ostroleka and Krasinski with the Leopold's Kronenberg family], Wieniec and Chocen close to Wloclawek [see Osiecz Wielki with net to Zakrzewski, Skorzewski, Kiedrzynski], Wilkowo Polskie close to Przemet [a line of Cagliostro - Szoldrski - Poninski - Kiedrzynski - Mielzynski - Walknowski - Bardzki and Erasmus Mycielski], Jedlno near to Radomsko [Stadnicki - Mecinski - Walewski; my family Kiedrzynski - a line to Raszkow south to Pleszew and the Skorzewski - Tadeusz Wolanski branch], Pleszew and Raszkow [Skorzewski - Kiedrzynski - Arnold - Wolowski (the connections to Szymanowski - Brzezinski - Adam Mickiewicz - Woroniecki close to Przasnysz and Rozan)], Pakosc close to Inowroclaw [with Krotoszyn, Znin and Inowroclaw, Wloclawek masonic movement; Tadeusz Wolanski the godson of General Tadeusz Kosciuszko, Illuminati and Jefferson, Courland and Cagliostro. Pakosc owned the Dzialynski family, also in Goluchow; the relatives of Oskierka of Miezonka], Miezonka (Oskierka - Dzialynski; Chrapowicki - Bouvier; Stanislaw Radziwill and his family: Stefania Julia Radziwill, Piottuch-Kublicki, Soltan) - Lubuszany - Berezyna - Rawanicze and Kaluzyca [Konstantynowicz, Potocki, Poniatowski, Tyszkiewicz, the Branicki branch - compare Branicki and Kalinowski in 1840; Slotwinski - Koziell Poklewski - Wankowicz and a line to Swolna and Oswieja - here the Prozor family and Malkiewicz]; Viljandi and Parnu in Estonia [the fate of my family Konstantynowicz with Krauze and Dunkel; Rosenberg]; Moscow and Kazan in the 40' of the 19th century [Demonsi, Konstantynowicz, Armand, Paszkowski, Japaridze, Oldenburg]; Swolna [Wankowicz, Chrapowicki - Bouvier - Miezonka of Stefania Julia Radziwill came from Stanislaw Radziwill; Zarako Zarakowski and Konstantynowicz], Dryssa and Oswieja in Belarus [Malkiewicz, Prozor, Zarako Zarakowski, Konstantynowicz]. The Illuminati genealogical net and Polish conspirators roots: Stefania Ilinski (1841 - 1920) m. Wladyslaw LASKI = Lasek, banker, in 1870 the President of the International Bank in St. Petersburg. The group included the Petersburg International Bank and Russian Bank for Foreign Trade from Russian side. Their rivals may be called as 'Rothschilds' group', including besides Rothschilds their allies with the Petersburg Discount and Loan Bank. The French side included Credit lyonnais [see Duflon and Konstantynowicz Company] and Credit industriel et commercial. Count (in 1774) George Browne / Seoirse de Brun, b. 1698, Limerick, Ireland - d. 1792, Riga, Russian commander of the Irish origin, general-in-chief, the Riga Governor-General. He was married first to the daughter of Field Marshal Peter Lacy, their son, Count Ivan Y. (Georg) Brown, commander of the Kexholmsky regiment, the Maltese gentleman, buried in Vienna with his famous uncle, an Austrian Field Marshal Count Lacy. After the death of Helen Lassie / Lacy in 1764, George Browne married again, to Eleanor Christine von Mengden (1729-1787). Buried in Kurland, in the town of Schonberg. When in 1792 General Maurice de Lacy of Grodno (then aged 52) together with his kinsman General Count George de Lacy Browne, Governor of Riga, made a visit to Ireland to see their relatives, they were appalled to see the state of poverty into which the family had fallen. They stayed with Maurice's mother (then quite elderly) at Rothcahill. They returned to Russia the following year. The founder of the Polish family line became a nephew of Count Maurice - Peter O'Brien de Lacy. He followed his uncle, serving in the Russian army, and he received from Catherine II, Augustowek, confiscated after the abdication of King Poniatowski. Not having children of their own, Maurice left the palace his nephew Patrick, and he gave Augustowek in the hands of the younger son Alexander, who married a Polish girl, Gabriela Radowicka. Mentioned Honora (Hanora [see above !]) de Browne / de Camus Browne of Camas / DeLacy, daughter of Edmond DeLacy of Rathcahill, Esq. and Alice DeLacy, was wife of George de Browne, de Camus, and she was mother of George, 1st Count Browne of Camas and Ulysses Browne. Above Ulysses Browne was husband of Maria Philippina Magdalena von Martinitz, and was father of Baron Maximilian Ulysses / Reichsgraf von Browne / Camus und Mountany, b. 1705 in Basel, Switzerland, died 1757. Above named Count Pierce Edmond de Lacy / Peadar de Lasa, b. 1678, had family: 1. the son-in-law, Riga Governor-General George Browne; 2. son - Franz Moritz Lacy (1725-1800), a famous military leader; 3. nephew was Boris P. Lassi / Moritz Lazy / Lacy, 1737-1820, General of Infantry (Boris Petrovich Lassie was the Russian military leader, General of Infantry, a hero of the storming of Izmail and Prague. In 1797-1798 the Governor-General of the Kazan province. He began his service in the Austrian army, in 1762 admitted to the Russian service with the rank of lieutenant, in respect to the merits of Field Marshal Lassi immediately promoted to captain; he remained out of work until 1805, when the first he was sent to Naples with a secret mission, and then, was appointed commander of the Russian, English and Neapolitan troops to protect the kingdom of Naples. After Austerlitz Lassie returned from Naples to Russia and settled in his estate in Grodno, where he died in 1820). We back to Michal Holynski, junior, 1784 - 1854, the son of Jan (Ivan) Holynski and Barbara KASZYC, Holynska. Michal HOLYNSKI was the husband of Elzbieta TOLSTOJ. Father of Zenaida Lubomirska [the wife of Kazimierz Anastazy Karol Lubomirski]; Emma Scalon; Zofia Diakow; Anna Nina Branicka; Michal Holynski youngest - the owner of Monastirszczina / Monasterszczyzna. And we back to the RADZIWILLES - Oginski - SOLTAN: Jadwiga Zaluska Tyszkiewicz m. 2nd to Duke Tadeusz Franciszek Oginski (1712-1783), and Retow passed on the ownership of the family Oginski. Tadeusz Franciszek Oginski was 1st married to Izabela Radziwill [Izabela Kotryna Oginska born Radziwill] of Nieswiez, d. 1761 / 1763. Izabela Kotryna Oginska Radziwill, b. 1711, d. 1761 / 1763 in Maladzyechna [Molodeczno], the Minsk Province, was daughter of Michal Antoni Radziwill b. 1687. Named Michal Antoni Radziwill was brother of Lukrecja Katarzyna Donhoff; Adelajda Cecylia Teresa Dambska [in Golaszewo]; Jan Mikolaj Radziwill, and Mikolaj Faustyn Radziwll who was father of Stanislaw Radziwill, 1722 - 1787, and Stanislaw Radziwill had daughter Franciszka Teofila Soltan, b. circa 1751, and Franciszka Teofila's children were: A. Adam Leon Ludwik Soltan; B. Karolina Soltan Piottuch-Kublicka, b. ca 1785 + Jozef Piottuch-Kublicki, b. ca 1780 {with Karolina's children: 1. Walentyna Soltan (Walentyna Piottuch-Kublicka b. ca 1805 + Wladyslaw Jozef Soltan, 1795 - 1843, with a daughter Oktawia Soltan, b. 1830, d. 1871 in Kazan, m. in 1849 to Wladyslaw Hieronim Samuel Soltan, 1824 - 1900); 2. Anna Benislawska (Anna Piottuch-Kublicka + Jozef Benislawski); 3. Stanislaw Piottuch-Kublicki; 4. Oktawia Piottuch-Kublicka + Jozef Szumski + DOMINIK KONSTANTYNOWICZ of MIEZONKA (owned since 1842; bef. him in 1832-1842 Miezonka was leased by Czapski / Hutten-Czapski; and bef. 1832 Miezonka belonged to Stefania Julia Radziwill Chrapowicka Oskierka); 5. Emilia Piottuch-Kublicka + Wincenty Smokowski, 1797 - 1876, and Wincenty was a son of Konstancja Mickiewicz Smokowska; 6. Adolf Piottuch-Kublicki + Ida Oginska b. ca 1820}; C. Helena Soltan; D. Anna Wankowicz / Anna Soltan, b. ca 1785 / 1788 + Antoni Wankowicz b. ca 1758 / 1760 / 1780.


Anna Soltan, b. ca 1780 / 1785 / 1788 / 1790 + Antoni Wankowicz b. ca 1758 / 1760 or in 1780 - died in 1812, the son of Tadeusz Wankowicz junior / Tadeusz-Casimir Tadeushevich Vankovich / Tadeusz Kazimierz Wankowicz, the grandson of senior Tadeusz Wankowicz born ca 1675, the owner of SWOLNA in 1725. Tadeusz Kazimierz Wankowicz m. in 1755 to Anna Swietorzecka, ca 1735-1812, the daughter of Antoni Swietorzecki; with children: Antoni Wankowicz b. ca 1758/1760; Waleria Wankowicz, m. Konstanty Tyzenhauz, Wanda Wankowicz + Benedykt Tyszkiewicz-Lohojski, Klementyna Wankowicz + Mostowski. Joseph Piottuch-Kublicki of Kublicz, about 1800 m. Karolina Soltan / Soltan Carolina born ca 1780; with a daughter Valentina Piottuch-Kublicka of Kublicz, b. ca 1800 and m. Wladyslaw Jozef Soltan was born 1795, d. 1843 (the mother Josepha Benislawska), and Walentyna's daughter Oktawia Soltan / Soltan Octavia, b. in Prezma / Pryzma / Presman 1830, died on August 15, 1871 in Kazan (or Razan ?), she was married in 1849 to Samuel Jerome Wladyslaw Soltan / Hieronim S. V. Soltan born 1824, died in 1900, the landowner, member of the January Uprising. Above named Samuel Jerome Wladyslaw Soltan was born 1824 in Uzukrewno (his mother's estate) and died on March 15, 1900 in Prezma, now Latvia; he was son of Stanislaus Soltan (collaborator of the Constitution of 3 May, imprisoned in Smolensk in the 1794-1796, the President of the Provisional Government of Lithuania in 1812, d. Mitawa 1836) and Constance Toplicki / Konstancja Toplicka, a high school in Mitawa in 1835-1842 in Courland, his parents after confiscating the 'Zdzieciol' estate (in the Slonim area and here Mr. Tadeusz Mickiewicz) moved house on the Livonia area, he was the insurgent in 1863, exiled to Ufa, interned in Riga. Study at the University of St. Petersburg in 1843-1844, married in 1849, with a relative of his, Oktawia nee Soltan, the daughter of Wladyslaw Joseph and Valentina, and settled in the estate of his wife, Pryzma in Polish Livonia. In 1858 - 1859 he traveled abroad, where he conferred with Adam Czartoryski and Witold Czartoryski and Count Zamoyski on the current state of Lithuania and Belarus. Kajetan Oskierka, b. 1820/1821, married Stefania Julia Radziwill, 1825-1896, the owner of Miezonka [in 1842-1918 belonged to the Konstantynowiczs]. Kajetan was the son of Dominik Oskierka. Then in 1842 Miezonka belonged to Dominik Konstantynowicz and his son - Antoni Konstantynowicz [Antoni had a brother Wasyl Konstantynowicz of Kazan, who had the son Apolon Konstantynowicz + Anna Armand of Moscow; Apolon's son was Jerzy Konstantynowicz b. 1898 and until November 1918 lived in Miezonka], and to the grandson - Stanislaw Konstantynowicz + Anna Malkiewicz of Oswiej / Oswieja - owned by PROZOR. The sister of Dominik Oskierka - Aniela Oskierka, 1770-1804, married Ignacy Kajetan Prozor b. ca 1770 [see OSWIEJA and Malkiewicz], with: Maurycy Prozor, b. 1801 in Rothley-Temple, Leicestershire; he was the commander of the Kowno Uprising in 1831 - d. 1886 + Anna Chlopicka, b. ca 1810. Soltan Octavia, b. in Prezma / Pryzma / Presman 1830, died on August 15, 1871 in Kazan (or Razan ?), she was married in 1849 to Samuel Jerome Wladyslaw Soltan / Hieronim S. V. Soltan born 1824, died in 1900, landowner, member of the January Uprising. Above named Samuel Jerome Wladyslaw Soltan was born 1824 in Uzukrewno (his mother's estate) and died on March 15, 1900 in Prezma, now Latvia; son of Stanislaus Soltan (collaborator of the Constitution of 3 May, imprisoned in Smolensk in the 1794-1796, the President of the Provisional Government of Lithuania in 1812, d. Mitawa 1836) and Constance Toplicki / Konstancja Toplicka, a high school in Mitawa in 1835-1842 Courland, his parents after confiscating the 'Zdzieciol' estate (in the Slonim area and mentioned by Mr. Tadeusz Mickiewicz) moved house on the Livonia area, he was the insurgent in 1863, exiled to Ufa, interned in Riga. Study at the University of St. Petersburg in 1843-1844, married in 1849, with a relative of his, Oktawia nee Soltan, daughter of Joseph and Valentina, and settled in the estate of his wife, Pryzma in Polish Livonia. In 1858 - 1859 he traveled abroad, where he conferred with Adam Czartoryski and Witold Czartoryski and Count Zamoyski on the current state of Lithuania and Belarus. He was against armed Insurrection. When the uprising broken out, Soltan, unable to stop it, joined to the Insurrection in the Livonia province and after Soltan was arrested in Vitebsk on June 5th, 1863. He was exiled to Ufa on August 18, 1863, and remained there until 1866. Then he was interned in Riga 1872 - 1875, was allowed to return in 1875 to assets of his wife in Polish Livonia, where he died in September 1900 in Prezma / Presman near to Malta in Inflanty / Lettgallen / Livonia, the Rezeknes Rajons - 18 km south west from Rezekne acc. to http://exonyme.bplaced.net/Board/Thread-Lettgallen. The von der Borch family from Prele / Preili/ Priji near to Dyneburg and from Wyping in the Rzezyce / Rezekne district was owner of the Prezma estate before 1714. Above named Samuel Jerome Wladyslaw Soltan moved in 1891 to Riga, where he many years honorably served as President of the Charitable Society. Mary Trubetskaya / Maria Trubecka born circa 1840 was married to Konstantynowicz / Konstantinovich (he was born ca 1840) before 1873, and next was living in Kazan in 1874 and she was probably from the Belarusian - Estonian branch of the Troubetzkoy princely family. I need to emphasizes that this is only a hypothesis but all genealogical and historical data lead towards the Belarusian - Estonian branch of the Troubetzkoy family. A son of Maria Trubecka - Wiktor Konstantynowicz / Victor Konstantinovich - was living in Piotrogrod / St Petersburg in 1917 and Tallinn after 1918 but 1924 he lived in the town of Viljandi. Schnaubert or Shnaubert Ivan A., Professor of Chemistry at Kharkov University, b. about 1781 in Giessen in Hesse region. He studied at the Chemical Institute in Erfurt, Jena in 1803. In 1804 he was invited to Kharkov University and was appointed professor of chemistry. Boris Shnaubert b. 1852 in Moscow and died October 1917, a Russian engineer and architect, he served on the Moscow - Kazan Railway. Kazan ca 1870 - 1890? Repeatedly executed orders from wealthy merchant family АбN€Ð¸ÐsÐlNÐlÐ?N‹N… / Abrikosov 1900 - 1904 in Moscow. See Demonets and Anastasia Gruzinskaya from Daugavpils. Demontet / Demonsi / Demonets, Kazan ca 1835 - 1839. Demonsi Carl, the son of a Frenchman, a native of Moscow, he studied at the Kazan univ. 1837, was prof. at the Kharkov Univ., died in 1867. Demonsi was in 1864 a Moscow merchant 1st guild and a shareholder of a plants in the Urals. Demontet / Demonsi / Demonets, Kazan ca 1835 - 1839. Demonsi Carl, the son of a Frenchman, a native of Moscow, he studied at the Kazan univ. 1837, was prof. at the Kharkov Univ., died in 1867. Demonsi was in 1864 a Moscow merchant 1st guild and a shareholder of a plants in the Urals. Barbara Karlovna Armand from the Demonsi family was wife of Evgeny Armand. Her sons: 1. Aleksandr E. Armand 1870 - 1943, wife Ines Armand Stephane - his daughters Inna, Varvara, and sons Aleksandr Aleksandrovich, Fiedor Aleksandrovich, 2. Vladimir E. Armand 1874 - 1875, 3. Nikolaj / Nicholas E. Armand and his wife Rene / Maria Feodorovna Stephane Armand 1872 - 1936, his son a. Pavel Nikolajevich Armand 1902 - 1964, his daughter Rene Pavlovna, b. daughter Marija Nikolayevna, 4. Boris Boris E. Armand 1878 - 1920, 5. Sergej / Siergiej / Sergey E. Armand 1882 - 1945, 6. daughters: Zofia / Sofija, Anna Evgenievna, Viera, Evgenija, Varvara, Maria / Marija. Sedih / Sedykh / Sedoh / Siedoch / Siedoh / Siedych family inter alia in Tatarstan now: 1. Vyacheslav Pavlovich Sedykh working in ACT 'Kazan' - the leader of the construction of Tatarstan. 2. Alexander Sedykh - Kazan. 3. D. V. Sedih, Kurashova street 32 flat 42, phone + (7) 843-2360923. 4. O. I. Sedih, Vishnevsky street 51 flat 29, phone + (7) 843-2363136. 5. S. A. Sedykh, of the Moscow district of Kazan. 6. Alexander Dmitrievich Sedykh, 1972 - Head of the Technical Administration of the USSR, Ministry of Gas Industry since 1989 - Member of the Board, Head of the Department of Scientific and technological progress 'Gazprom'. 7. Olga Sedykh in Russia; she was born on April 25; city of residence - Kazan; married with Vyacheslav Sedykh; school 1987-1998. 8. Valery Nikandrovich Sedykh, Ph.D., Associate Professor (since 1994); in 1979, he graduated from the Department of Archaeology, worked in the Leningrad branch of the Institute of Archaeology of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR as a senior laboratory assistant, Kazan in 2001. 9. Dmitry Viacheslavovich Sedykh, the company 'Intercentre', Tatarstan Republic, 420111 Kazan, Chernyshevskogo street 30B, Apt. 401. 10. E. Sedykh, Photographer, Kazan. 11. Sedykh N. E. 12. Natalia Sedykh actress, starring in musical films, melodrama. 13. Nicholas Borisovich Sedykh, St. Petersburg, dog expert. 14. Lena Sedykh, a book 'Magic Letters'. 15. Anatoliya Sedykh, inf. 2000 - 2006, Russia, Tatarstan, Kazan. 16. Olya Sedykh, she was born on March 2, living - Kazan, Russia. 17. L. V. Sedykh, teacher, children's art school â„– 2, Kazan. 18. Anatoly Sedykh Mikhailovich, chairman of the Board of Directors of VME, 'United Metallurgical Company', birth: 28/11/1964 in Polar, Murmansk region, education: Moscow Institute of Steel and Alloys, economic engineer 1987, he began his career in 1987, working as an engineer-economist of the Central Research Institute of Ferrous Metallurgy in Moscow; in 1989 he was appointed head of the joint research and production enterprise 'Corundum'. 19. Stanislav Sedykh. 20. Helena Sedykh, Moscow, Academician Yangelya st., 14 Apt. 7. 21. Natalya Sedykh, current city: Kazan. 22. Artem Sedykh, current city: Kazan. 23. A. V. Sedykh, Kazan state University, published in periodical of Biophysics. 24. Anisya Danilova Sedykh, OH, USA in 2004 - 2005, Music Business course; Tatar-American Regional Institute, Kazan, Russian Federation in 1998 - 2003. 25. John Sedykh, Moscow College. George - the eldest son of Prince A. Gruzinsky and his brother Alexander and sisters Anna and Daria lived in the palace of King Archil Vahtangovich. The children received a good education, he also knew French, German, Italian, studied history, geography, mathematics, physics, fortifications, artillery, architecture, in short, was an educated man. His mother, Darya Alexandrovna nee Menshikov, paid little attention to children when they lived in St. Petersburg, but his aunt, Elizabeth Bakarovna, engaged in their education. George after 20 years, in 1788, retired from service with the rank of Major. Initially, George Alexandrovich was living in a suburban village of All Saints / Vsiehsviatskom, ex-property of Archilovich Alexander and his sister Daria Archilovna. In 1812 All Saints village was destroyed by the French. After the expulsion of Napoleon's troops Georgy / George with even greater splendor restored estate. But next Prince G. A. Gruzinsky went to the village Lyskovo / Poland Lyskovo (the name of this village sometimes is writing 'Polsha Lyskovo'; the distance between Lyskovo and Kazan is 310 km and in Kazan are a necropolises of Georgian figures in Russia: Semyon Mikhailovich Prince Barataev / Baratayev born 1734 and died in Kazan, and Barataeva Princess Anna, nee Rodionov b. 1760 d. 1830 in Kazan; Baratayev / Barataev Prince Semyon Mikhailovich rules of Kazan from 1789 and was General Major; he was a descendant of the ancient Georgian princely family and Prince Ivan Mikhailovich Baratayev ruled in Ufa 1796). The Georgian Darya Alexandrovna, Duchess Trubetskaya was living in Lyskovo, the Nizhny Novgorod Province. Darya Alexandrovna, m. Trubetskaya died 1796, it was the Bagration of Mukhrani Royal Family. Her parents: Bakarovich Alexander Bagration of the Bagration of Mukhrani Royal Family b. 1726 d. 1791 and Darya Alexandrovna Menshikov b. 1747 died 1817. The husband of Daria Alexandrovna Gruzinskaya, Peter S. Troubetzkoy b. 1760 died 1817. Her children: Sergei Petrovich Troubetzkoy / Trubetskoy b. 1790 d. on November 22, 1860; Aleksandr Petrovich Troubetzkoy / Trubetskoy b. 1792 d. 1853; Peter Troubetzkoy / Trubetskoy b. on August 23, 1793 died on August 13, 1840; Elizabeth Trubetskaya m. Potemkin, b. 1796 d. after 1870. Darya Gruzinskaya died in 1796. Anna Georgievna Bagration Gruzinskaya b. on January 31, 1798 died on July 17, 1889 and her father George Aleksandrovich Gruzinsky Bagration of Mukhrani Royal Family b. 1762 and died 1852, 15 May. She was born in Moscow, married Aleksandr Petrovich Tolstoy b. on January 28, 1801 died on July 21, 1873; she died in Moscow; her grandfather Alexander Bakarovich Bagration b. 1726, m. Darya Alexandrovna Menshikov, and died in 1791, Smolensk. Rebinder Nikolaeevich Gregory is next of kin with Rebinder Nikolai Romanovich (son in law of Sergei P. Trubetskoy). Rebinder, Nikolai Romanovich - Senator, born in 1810, the 1st St. Petersburg High School, 1830 the Department of Foreign Trade, the Department of the Ministry of Justice, the Ministry of Internal Affairs - position of vice-director of the Department of Religious Affairs of Foreign Confessions, 1851 a governor of the city in Kiakhta / Kyakhta 1851 - 54 or until the 12th April 1856; in Siberia, he had met many 'Decembrists' and married the daughter of one of them, Alexandra Sergeevna Troubetzkoy. Then he had a close relationship with the brothers Bestuzhev; 1858 he was transferred to the position in the Odessa school district, 1859 Rebinder was appointed director of the Department of the Ministry of National Education. Sergei Petrovich Troubetzkoy b. 1790 d. 1860, his father Peter S. Troubetzkoy with wife Darya Alexandrovna Georgian of Bagration Mukhrani royal family, children of Sergei: Alexandra S. Trubetskaya m. Rebinder / REHBINDER b. 1830 d. 1860, Elizabeth S. Trubetskaya, Zinaida S. Trubetskaya and Ivan S. Troubetzkoy. Alexandra S. Trubetskaya m. 1852 to Nikolai Romanovich Rebinder, with child: Nicholas Rebinder b. 1854 d. 1874. Rebinder Otto, died on 27.11.1809, General, Kiev, Zhytomyr; Colonel Otto I. Rebinder 1801 was appointed commander of the Kiev Dragoons. Rebinder was appointed chief of the Zhytomyr Dragoons. His brother, Col. Roman I. Rebinder, from February to September 1798 was the commander of the Kazan Regiment, and son, Alexander Ottovich Rebinder in 1805-1806 commanded Tiflis musketeer regiment. Kazan 9th Dragoons Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna regiment 25.02.1798-11.09.1798 Colonel Rebinder, Roman Ivanovich 1st commander. The Russian branch of the Rebhinder family starts from Karl von Rebinder; his great-grandson (1795-1869) in 1836 bought the estate in Shebekino.


The Ostashevo estate was owned by

1.
an energetic entrepreneur A. V. URUSOV [N. D. Urusov in KOTOVKA];

2.
MURAVIEV

[in the early 1820s young Prince Valentin Shakhovskoy, a pupil at the famous cavalry school in Moscow run by Nikolai Muraviev of nearby Ostashevo, became involved in the DECEMBRISTS movement. A sister of named WALENTY SZACHOWSKI married the leading Decembrist, Alexander Muraviev of Ostashevo];

3.
Artur A. Nepokojchitsky / Artur Niepokojczycki owned the estate Ostashevo [ca 1840 - 1854]. Until 1861 it was called Aleksandrovskoe-Ostashevo; Arthur Adamovich Nepokojchitsky was born in Slutsk [or in Niepokojczyce close to Zabianka and to Brzesc] in the family of Adam Niepokojczycki [von Unruh], the district leader of the nobility, on December 8, 1813, when the war with Napoleon rattled.

4.
N. P. Shipov since 1854 or before

[Nikolai P. Shipov, to 1903 {b. ca 1830 ?}. Nikolai Shipov, JUNIOR, the son of PAVEL SHIPOV, junior, was one of the greatest agricultural innovators. Nikolai Smirnov, P., and Nikolai Shipov traveled together. PAVEL junior b. ca 1795/1800 had a brother,
Sergei Shipov b. 1790.

In 1813 until 1844, the serf entrepreneur Nikolai Shipov SENIOR roamed the Russian Empire. Aleksey Feofilaktovich Pisemsky b. 1821, a Russian novelist and dramatist, was born at his father's Ramenye estate in the Chukhloma province of Kostroma. His parents were retired colonel Feofilakt Gavrilovich Pisemsky and his wife Yevdokiya Shipov.

Nikolai's junior brother was Ivan Pavlovich Shipov (1865-1919) was an Imperial Russian Politician. Ivan Pavlovich Shipov after graduating from the Imperial Alexander Lyceum, entered the Ministry of Finance. He rose to the position of Assistant Director of the Special Credit Office, and was eventually Director of the General Office (Ministerial Chancellery).
In addition, Ivan Pavlovich Shipov served on the Board of the State Bank in 1902-1905. In 1905, he was appointed Minister of Finance during the Witte government. In 1906, he left that position when Witte resigned, due in part to his long association with Witte. He was executed by the Bolsheviks in 1919.
Compare:
Nikolai Shipov junior had a son Dmitry Shipov, b. 1851.
DMITRY was the founder of the All-Zemstvo Organization, which was banned shortly after it was founded in 1896. He was elected chairman in the first Zemstvo Assembly from 6-9 November 1904 during the Zemstvo Congress. Piotr Swiatopelk Mirski / Pyotr Dmitrievich Sviatopolk-Mirsky gave permission for their assembly. Alexander Guchkov and Dmitry Shipov refused to work with the reactionary. "... Witte was in October 1905, charged with the task of assembling the nation's first cabinet government, and he offered the liberals several portfolios (Ministry of Agriculture to Shipov; Ministry of Trade and Industry to Guchkov; Ministry of Justice to Koni; Ministry of Education to Trubetskoy; Milyukov and Lvov were also offered ministerial posts). None of these liberals agreed to join the government...".

Most remarkable of the Shipovs was Sergei Pavlovich Shipov (1790-1876), that is SERGEI the son of PAVEL senior born ca 1760.
PAVEL junior b. ca 1795/1800 had a brother, Sergei Shipov b. 1790.

Nikolai's junior [b. ca 1830] brother was Ivan Pavlovich Shipov (1865-1919).

Sergei Shipov, b. in 1790, was descended from a well-to-do gentry family in Kostroma province. In 1832 he served Ministry of War. 1841 - 1846 the governor of KAZAN - compare DEMONSI and Wasyl Konstantynowicz + Breguet in KAZAN + V. A. KOKOREV in KAZAN ca 1843 {1844 tax reform note on farms; near LIKHACHEV before 1844; 1843-1844 he had two farms close to Kazan}. SERGEI born 1790, had youngers brothers
[the textile manufacturing - see also ARMAND:
DMITRII P. Shipov - a governor;
and Pavel born ca 1795/1800;
and maybe the serf entrepreneur Nikolai Shipov SENIOR roamed the Russian Empire in 1813 until 1844]. Nikolai P. Shipov owned to 1903 the Ostashevo estate (his son Dmitry Nikolaevich Shipov b. on 14 May 1851 - d. 14 January 1920). His brother Ivan Pavlovich Shipov (1865-1919) was an Imperial Russian Politician.
Mentioned Dmitry Nikolaevich Shipov (14 May 1851 - 14 January 1920) was a Russian liberal Slavophile politician of the 19th and 20th century. Shipov acted as a political mentor of Georgy Lvov, Russia's future first Prime Minister.


Karl Wilhelm also known as Karl Vasilievitj Hagelin was born in St. Petersburg in 1860. His parents Wilhelm Hagelin (1828-1901) and Anna Lovisa Eriksdotter (1818-1870) ... In 1861, the family moved to the Volga where his father worked for a period as a second engineer on passenger boats and towboats. ... In autumn 1870, he started at the Givochini boarding school in Nizhny Novgorod ...
In 1875, thanks to a recommendation from family friend A. I. Sandstrum, he was accepted into the design workshop at the shipbuilding factory belonging to D. P. Shipov in Kostroma. He received his first real assignment working on the designs for a motorboat, ... and two smaller steamers
... he was employed as a mechanic at the Kaukaz & Mercury shipping company in Astrakhan, where he worked on preparing boats ... he met two Swedes, N. Qvarnstrum and master mechanic Westvall, with whose recommendation he was able to secure employment as a mechanic in the instrument workshop at the Nobel paraffin factory in Baku. HagelinA?€�s first working day at Robert Nobel's factory was on 4 April 1879. ... During his initial period in Baku (1879-1883), Wilhelm ... assisted chemist E. Tell ... When engineer Alfred Tornqvist returned from his trip to the USA and started setting up a new paraffin factory, Hagelin was given a job as a draughtsman. ... he decided to apply to the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm. In order to pass the entrance exams, he took private lessons from engineer A. B. Lambert in mathematics, physics and chemistry. After two years in Sweden, he wrote to Branobel's managing director, J.G. Crusell, explaining his desire to return to Russia and take up his position again. ... Ludvig Nobel invited Hagelin to St. Petersburg. Wilhelm was given a post in the technical laboratory where he experimented with chemical processes for production of light oil fractions. ... In 1891, he was first promoted to technical director and then office manager in Baku. ... In 1900, he was recalled to St. Petersburg to replace M. J. Belyamin as the company's chairman of the board ... In 1906, he was appointed Swedish consul general in St. Petersburg (1906-1911). ... In spring 1917, Hagelin travelled to Baku, continuing onboard the K.W. Hagelin motorboat to Astrakhan ... Wilhelm left Russia and spent a year abroad, but in July 1918 he was back for a shorter visit ... The remaining directors M. Belyamin, G. Nobel and A. Belonozhkin tried at numerous meetings to solve the burning issue of how the company's trading rights and authority could be protected. Hagelin's last attempt to enter Russia via Constantinople failed and on 3 July 1920 he was forced to return to Stockholm. ... he, together with Immanuel Nobel / Emmanuel Nobel / Lyudvigovich Emanuel Nobel b. 1859, joined the Aktiebolaget Cryptograph company under the management of Arvid Gerhard Damm (where Wilhelm's son, Boris Hagelin, also worked for a time)]. 5.
K. K. ROMANOV in 1903 until 1915

[Grand Duke Konstantin Konstantinovich of Russia, born 1858 in Strelna - d. 1915 in Pavlovsk, was a grandson of Emperor Nicholas I of Russia; a poet and playwright. He wrote under the pen name "K.R.", initials of his given name and family name, Konstantin Romanov.
Konstantin Romanov / Grand Duke Konstantin Konstantinovich was the son of Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolaevich of Russia.

Konstantin Nikolaevich had a brothers:
1.
Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich, 1831 - 25 April 1891, as a Field Marshal he commanded the Russian army of the Danube in the Russo-Turkish War, 1877-1878 [see General ARTUR Niepokojczycki].
2.
And Grand Duke Michael Nikolaevich of Russia (25 October 1832 - 18 December 1909), served 20 years (1862-1882) as the Governor General of Caucasia, being seated in Tbilisi, the town which most of his children remembered as the home of their childhood];

6.
in 1915, a merchant and philanthropist A. G. Kuznetsov

[Aleksandr Gennad'evich Kuznetsov / Kuznetsov Aleksandr Genadjevich or Alexander Grigorievich Kuznetsov

- "...in Mansurovsky Lane in the heart of Moscow, architect Alexander Kuznetsov built himself a mansion with an entrance gate {in 1915} ... The house owner received guests: the famous Russian modernist architect Fyodor Shekhtel, and constructivist architect Konstantin Melnikov. After the revolution, Kuznetsov was found building a factory on the outskirts of the Soviet Union, and was jailed ... Russian tea merchant, Alexander Kuznetsov and Co, Moscow, had a factory in Hankou, China {see CEYLON !}, the offices in MOSCOW and IRKUTSK.
Alexander Grigorievich Kuznetsov,
was the tea magnate of Imperial Russia, named and purchased the 239 foot steam yacht 'Foros' in Scotland on the 9th June 1891. Designed by the Glasgow yacht architect Thomas Lennox Watson, Foros took the name from the southernmost Crimean resort made popular by Kuznetsov through the development of his estate there. Guest on board the yacht was in 1896 Grand Duke George Alexandrovich

{GEORGE died in 1899 in Abastumani, Georgia - was the third son of Emperor Alexander III and Empress Marie of Russia. Grandson of Emperor Alexander II and his first wife Marie of Hesse - a daughter of Ludwig II, Grand Duke of Hesse, and Princess Wilhelmine of Baden. Marie of Hesse was the granddaughter of Louis I, Grand Duke of Hesse, the great-granddaughter of Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt / Ludwig IX von Hessen-Darmstadt, 1719 in Darmstadt - 1790 in Pirmasens (compare JOHANN STARCK in 1781 back to Darmstadt)}.


We remember about Maria Kalinowska in 1840 moved back from St Petersburg on Krakow / Cracow. In 1840 acc. to Cosroe Dusi: "... May 30. This morning began the portrait of Countess Josephine Kalinovskaya / Jozefina Kalinowska ... 1840, June, the 27. This morning the family Branicki leaves with Countess Kalinovsky. They ordered me a portrait of an older sister, who is married to General Plautin / Plautyn and lives in Tsarskoye Selo. And Olga Kalynovska / Kalinowska goes away from court, to his native Poland, where she get married; Alexander agrees to marry Mary Hesse-Darmstadt...".

Grand Duke Michael Mikhailovich of Russia b. 1861 was a son of Grand Duke Michael Nicolaievich of Russia
{Grand Duke Michael Nikolaevich of Russia (25 October 1832 - 18 December 1909), served 20 years (1862-1882) as the Governor General of Caucasia, being seated in Tbilisi};

in 1862, the family moved to Tiflis, Georgia on the occasion of his father's being named Viceroy of the Caucasus; Grand Duke Michael spent his early years in the Caucasus, where his family lived for twenty years; served in the Russo-Turkish War and became a Colonel. In 1882, when Grand Duke Michael was twenty years old, he returned with his family to St. Petersburg, acc. to Wikipedia. In 1888, he had an affair with Princess Walewski; later, with Countess Catherine Nikolaevna Ignatieva daughter of Minister of Interior, Nicholas Pavlovich Ignatiev.
In 1900, moved to Keele Hall, in Staffordshire, close to Newcastle-under-Lyme;
visitor of North Berwick in Scotland {east to Edynburg}, and
in the south of France, Cannes where he met his sister Anastasia and in 1903 his father, also brother Alexander and his family;
he moved with his family to Hampstead in 1909 and every year Grand Duke Michael would visit Edward VII at Windsor Castle, Sandringham and Buckingham Palace

{Edward VII born in 1841, the son of Victoria b. 1819, was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland - she was the daughter of Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn [the TEMPLARS], the fourth son of King George III / George William Frederick, b. 1738. GEORGE III was the grandson of King George II}.

In 1912, Grand Duke Michael was with a visit in Russia. 1914 as an agent for Russian loans in France.
On 31 October 1916 he "...wrote to Tsar Nicholas II warning him that British secret agents in Russia were expecting a revolution".

And (by Wikipedia) "General Erich Ludendorff, Generalquartiermeister and joint head (with von Hindenburg) of Germany's war effort, stated that Russian communist elements working against the Tsar had betrayed Kitchener's travel plans to Germany. He stated that Kitchener was killed 'because of his ability', as it was feared he would help the tsarist Russian Army to recover...".

Grand Duke Michael Mikhailovich of Russia after November 1917 moved to Regent's Park. In 1916 his youngest daughter, Nadejda (Nada) married Prince George of Battenberg, eldest son of Prince Louis by Queen Victoria's granddaughter, Princess Victoria of Hesse-Darmstadt. Anastasia (Zia), the eldest daughter, in 1917 married Sir Harold Wernher. Michael Mikhailovich and his wife returned to Cannes in 1923, and died in 1929.


Johann August Starck / Stark (1741 - 1816)
- Immanuel Kant and Johann Georg Hamann were among his acquaintances in Konigsberg. In 1776 went to Mitau [Courland; at margin see Komorowski] and took place here as professor of philosophy until 1781 when he back to Darmstadt. 1767 or 1768 - J. A. von Stark / STARCK has established a new sect, which grew out of Clirici Ordinis Templariorum / Clerics of the Knights Templar;
he was in 1761 initiated into a French freemasonry lodge at Gottingen but
left for St. Petersburg in 1761, while teaching in St. Petersburg, Starck had met a Greek by the name of Pyotr Ivanovich Melissinos = Count Peter Melesino / Melissino, 1726-97, a lieutenant-general in the Russian Imperial Army, and whose order of freemasonry claimed the clerics of the Templar Knights {"... Melissinos arrived in Russia during the reign of Peter the Great and ended his career as Vice-President of the Commerce Collegium in 1740-45.
During the Russo-Turkish War, 1768-1774, Pyotr Melissino was in charge of the Russian artillery.
... In 1783, he was appointed Director of the Artillery and Engineering Corps in St. Petersburg. ... Melissino was instrumental in promoting the career of one of Paul's favourites, Aleksey Arakcheyev. His son Aleksey Melissino, a Major General, was killed in the Battle of Dresden (1813). His brother, Ivan Melissino, was Dean of the Moscow University under Catherine the Great. Starck had met a Greek by the name of Count Peter Melesino (or 'Melissino'; 1726-97), a lieutenant-general}; then traveled to Paris in 1765 and obtained a position at the royal library;
back to Germany, in Wismar (1766-8). Starck promoted the clerical brand of Templarism. Alexandrine Bacheracht nee Hutten-Czapska / Alieksandra Kolemin, wife of Wilhelm Bacheracht, ex-wife of Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse- Darmstadt;
sister of Henryka Julia Plater-Zyberk.
Mentioned above Alexandrine Bacheracht nee Hutten-Czapska / Alieksandra Kolemin / Hutten-Czapski Alexandra b. 1854 / 1853 - d. 1941, the 1st husband Kolemin; then entered into a morganatic marriage with the Grand Duke of Hesse Ludwig IV b. 1837;

Louis IV / Friedrich Wilhelm Ludwig Karl was connected to the British Royal Family, to the Imperial House of Russia and other Royal Houses of Europe. Louis was born at Darmstadt, Germany; his mother was the granddaughter of King Frederick William II of Prussia. Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse- Darmstadt, the first son of Prince Charles of Hesse and by Rhine b. 1809, and Princess Elisabeth of Prussia; CHARLES was the second surviving son of Louis II, Grand Duke of Hesse. LOUIS II was the son of Louis I, Grand Duke of Hesse and the grandson of Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt born 1719; the great-grandson of a son of Louis VIII, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt.

Louis IV / Friedrich Wilhelm Ludwig Karl in 1862, married Princess Alice, the third child of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.
The couple had seven children, among others Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovna of Russia b. 1864, and Alexandra Feodorovna, Empress of All the Russias b. 1872.
Ludwig IV contracted a morganatic marriage in 1884 in Darmstadt with Alexandrina Hutten-Czapska / Aleksandra Czapski Hutten b. 1854 in Warsaw, d. on 8 May 1941, in Vevey, Vaud, Switzerland; she was the former wife of Aleksander Kolemin, the Russian charge d'affaires in Darmstadt; now the Countess von Romrod.

Alexandrine Bacheracht / Alexandrine Countess von Hutten-Czapska died in Vevey / Switzerland, close to La Tour de Peilz; 8 km noerth-west of Montreux (see: Duflon, Konstantynowicz); 18 km south-east of Lutry; 6 km north-west of Clarens!
Countess Alexandrine Hutten-Czapska, Grafin Romrod, was the daughter of Count Adam Hutten-Czapski, and Countess Mariane Rzewuska / Marianne von Rzewuska Grocholska / Maria Anna Katarzyna Hutten-Czapska nee Rzewuska b. 1827. We back to mentioned above Alexander Grigorievich Kuznetsov: During the First World War, the yacht of Alexander Grigorievich Kuznetsov served as a hospital ship before eventually being scrapped in 1927. "In 1840 Alexei Semenovich Gubkin established the first tea-selling company in Kungur. Up until then tea had arrived in Russia in the form of large solid bricks. Gubkin was the first business owner to sell tea already weighed out in handy quantities and wrapped in colourful attractive packaging. In 1882 the firm's head office moved to Moscow. After Gubkin's death his nephew Alexander Grigorievich Kuznetsov took over at the helm. He renamed the company The Successor to Alexei Gubkin, A. Kuznetsov & Co {Kuznicow}. Over a period of fifteen years the company sold 300 million roubles' worth of tea and sugar and had branches not only throughout Russia, but also in China, India, Ceylon and London. By the beginning of the 20th century the firm controlled one third of the entire tea market in the Russian empire." Copyright by bibelotslondon.co.uk. "The largest firms in the pre-revolutionary Russian tea trade, were: C. S. Popoff & Co., Alexis Gubkin & Co., and Wissotsky & Co. At first, the Popoff company had the lion's share of the business, but Wissotsky & Co., a much younger firm, finally took away much of Popoff's trade. Alexis Gubkin & Co. became A. Kusnezow & Co. after Mr. Gubkin's death, with its head office at Moscow. Later, this concern became the Trading Company, and later still, The Asiatic Trading Corporation, Ltd., under British registry". Asiatic Trading Corporation, Ltd:
in LONDON, and Thrissur, Kerala, India importers of tea, coffee, and cotton. "The Russian Society for Tea Trade Gubkin-Kuznetsov and Co founded a tea-packing factory called the Moscow Branch of the Society Karavan. Its yield was 1600000 pounds a year. It quickly became one of the major manufacturers of Russian-style blends. In the 1920s Karavan was renamed Lenin Moscow Tea-Packing Factory, which became the flagship of the Soviet tea industry. Russian Caravan Tea: produced the Chinese tea, blend of China black tea, notably with Keemun tea, is called Caravan since it was carried by camel back from China to the West].


OSTASHEVO and SHIPOV: For the processing of dairy products obtained from 200 cows of improved northern breeds kept in the estate, a cheese factory was commissioned and assigned to a specialist invited from Switzerland. At the same time, Shipov undertook to rebuild the estate. Compare!
Arthur Eugene Leonard Frauchi / Artour Khristianovitch Frautschi / Arthur Hristianovich Artuzov Frautschi / Artur Khristyanovich Artuzov b. 1891, Tver region. Family of Christian Frautschi, came from Switzerland to Russia in 1881 and settled in the estate of Popov landowner, Apashkovo, Tver province, where his older brother Paul / Peter Frautschi, arrived in this region 1879, next in Yurino estate, manor Zhdanov, Mikhailovsky, Putjatino, the village Davydkovo / Davydovo, 17 km north-west of Kashin, and north-east of Tver. Cheesemaker was working in the estate
Mykolaivka, and
Christian Frautschi married Augusta Didrikil, Didrikil family was of mixed origin, the Latvian and Estonian, her grandfather was a Scot; after the wedding, the young family settled in the estate at Kashin County, Tver province. Leonti V. Dubbelt / von Dubelt was owner of the factory Kuvshinovo, Tver region. Artur Khristyanovich Artuzov Frauchi was born in the family of Swiss origin, but Italian nationality. His father Christian Frautschi came to Russia, where he was engaged in reindeer cheese; cheesemaker, a citizen of the Swiss Federation.
Mother Augusta Avgustovna nee Didrikil b. ? - died in 1938, had the Latvian and Estonian roots, and one of her grandfathers was a Scot;
her father Avgust Didrikil / August Diederik,
her mother Bertha Sterling / Esterling / Stirling / EASTERLING born 1835 d. 1891 -
her parents:
Edward Sterling / Edward Esterling / EASTERLING and
Elena Shtaal from Riga and Livland. "Augusta grandfather was from Scotland. Edward Sterling / Edward Esterling was in Russia during the War of 1812. He studied at Dorpat, worked as notary, married Latvian woman. One of his many daughters married Estonian - Didrikilya / Didrikil. In this family was born Augusta Avgustovna". Hereditary cheesemaker Christian Frautschi came to Russia in search of a good steady income; took a fancy to the north-western province (Estonia), for cattle, and it took two or three years; Here Christians Frauchi married to one of the four sisters of the Didrikil family, of the Estonian, Latvian, Russian, Scottish and even French blood. One of the sisters, Olga Avgustovna, married exiled Bolshevik Mikhail Kedrov
(Olga Avgustovna Didrikil - daughter of gamekeeper August Ivanovich Didrikil who served for many years to the Suvorov family, in Prozorovskaya (?) county).

In 1903 the whole family Frauchi / Frautschi moved to Novgorod province, where, moving from one estate to another, Arthur's father, together with his assistants was doing cheese. Estates - Zhdanov, Mikhailovsky, Putyanin, Petrovskoe, Davydkina. Nikolaj Wasiljewicz Wierieszczagin, born 1839 near the village of Piertowka or Pietrowka in the Czerepowiec district, Nowogrod province; a Russian representative of agricultural sciences, he was the elder brother of painter Vasily Viereshagin. At the Tver lands meetings, he applied for loans to farmers for dairy cooperatives and cheese makers; spring 1865 - according to the advice of the younger brother - he and his wife Tatiana Ivanovna started a trip to Switzerland and other countries, Germany, Great Britain, France, the Netherlands, Denmark and Sweden. In these countries he observed the organization of milk, butter and cheese in the Swiss town of Coppet, near Geneva. At the heart of Freiburg, under the supervision of the masters, he learned the technology of oily cheeses. 1866, the first cooperative cheese factory in Russia in Otrokowicze; a model milk cattle farm was opened in Edimonow. We back to
Arthur Adamovich Niepokojczycki, died in St. Petersburg on November 11, 1881, was buried at Volkovsky Lutheran Cemetery.
He graduated from the General Staff Academy in St. Petersburg. In the Russian army 1832-1881, the pacification of the peoples of the Caucasus, 1841-1845; Chief of Staff of the Army Corps during the revolution in Hungary 1849;
Chief of Staff of the Army (general lieutenant) during the Crimean War of 1854-1855.
Member of the Council of State (general of arms) and general adjutant of the Emperor. The Niepokojczycki family was Calvinists.
Under the Radziwills - 1600, Zabludow bought Krzysztof Radziwill Piorun; then his son Krzysztof II Radziwill. He founded in Zabludow and took care of the Calvinist congregation. Dominik Hieronim Radziwill, the owner of ZABLUDOW, m. in 1807 to Izabella Mniszchek, div. Izabella, 2nd voto Demblinska, in 1819 took ZabludÄ‚L‚w - until 1831. Niepokojczycki Bartlomiej, the Sluck official, was the grandfather of General Artur Niepokojczycki.
He acted in Sluck in 1763 - 1795. Niepokojczycki Bartlomiej owned Boloczyce close to SLUCK {in SLUCK was living Krzysztof Niepokojczycki, bef. 1880. Karol Niepokojczycki the son of Piotr Niepokojczycki and Zofia, Lieutenant in 1824 - 1827. In 1697 in the Brzesc Litewski province was 12 noblemen with Niepokojczycki name. Kazimierz Zlotnicki, in 1723 married 2nd, ?, Zofia Leonowa Niepokojczycka, d. bef. 1723. Leopold Korewa / Koreywa, d. 1758, m. Katarzyna Niepokojczycka. Kosciszewski Michal the Wilkomierz official in 1699, m. Joanna Rzaczynska, then she was married Jan Niepokojczycki. KOSSAKOWSKI Andrzej, owned 1624 Brzeska Wola, and in 1686 r. Niepokosice / Niepokojczyce}. Before Bartlomiej Niepokojczycki in BOLOCZYCE were: Aleksander Pociej, then Ludwik Rozwadowski, also here were Jozef Twardowski, Jan Gieczewicz, Lady Plater married Aleksandrowicz; Ignacy Karp.


Bolotchitsy / Boloczyce, close to Novobelichi and Prussy, 18 km north-west to METYAVICHI / Maciewicze / Mieciavicy, 22 km south-west to SLUCK. Close to Mieciawice / Maciewicze in the SLUCK county, and here was living Bonifacy Krupski, born 1822; opponent of the military action in 1863; he was involved as a commissar of the IHUMEN area. Soon he was arrested and imprisoned in Minsk. The sentence condemned him to 8 years of heavy work and confiscation of Novosiolki property. At exile stayed in Usol, after 5 years in Tobolsk, then in Tsarevo, then in Warsaw. 1874 rights restored. Died in 1903 in Maciewicze. Jozef Ignacy Kraszewski wrote on Maciewicze. Close to Pohost, Starobin, by the Slucza river; near Sielco, Cisowo and Hawrylczyce. Starobin - south to SLUCK. Metyavichi / Maciewicze / Mieciavicy in Belarus; close to ZAZEVICY; SIALCO; TOMILOVA GORA; CHIZHEVICHI; east to DUBOCHKI; nort to SAKOVICHI / Sakovicy; 6 km north-east to SOLIGORSK [137 km south to MINSK - since 1958]; 6 km south-west to PAGOST / Pohost; close to the villages of Vishnevka, Pokrovka, Kovaleva Loza, Teslin, Peschanka. The Nameless Association [Union of people without names / Association of an unnamed = innominate people / The Nameless Association / 'Zwiazek bezimienny' / 'Zwiazek Bezimiennych']. Founder of the underground association - Walerian Pietkiewicz / PIETKIEWICZ Walerian Jan (1805-1843), born in Metyavichi / Maciewicze / Mieciavicy in the SLUCK district; Professor, MP, activist in exile; he, on the initiative of Lelewel, established the Association of an unnamed = innominate people. Preparations were made to fight against Russia. In 1832/1833, colonel Jozef Zaliwski arrived from exile with a few companions and began preparations for the uprising in the Russian lands [see SULIMIERSKI in Lubiec close to Wola Pszczolecka and Gabryel Kiedrzynski arrived to Wola Wiazowa in March / April 1832 from January 1833 with new surname. Gabryel the son of Izydor Kiedrzynski and the grandson of Andrzej Kiedrzynski + Franciszka Nostitz-Jackowska. Gabryel changed 5 times his last name. Izydor, his father married Helena Hutten-Czapska in Jedlno, the Walewski-Stadnicki-Mecinski property, where Izydor Kiedrzynski moved home in 1775/1776]. The first attempts to create a conspiracy were made by Walerian Pietkiewicz - the emissary of Joachim Lelewel. The center was in Kolbuszowa (property of the Tyszkiewicz family) in Galicia, where after 1831 many of the November insurgents were held. Preparations were directed by the Union of people without names [Association of an unnamed = innominate people / The Nameless Association / Unknown Association]. Adam Mickiewicz already during a trip to Rome and to Florence in the summer of 1830, said, according to Odyniec, similar thoughts like the closest and most faithful followers of Towianski, Ferdynand Gutt who wrote to Walerian Pietkiewicz in 1836. Walerian Pietkiewicz befriended with Gutt and he was the recipient of many of his letters sent from countries where Ferdinand traveled in those years. As Stanislaw Pigon Ferdinand wrote from Germany. The year 1830 ended with a stronger accent, with the outbreak of the uprising in the Kingdom of Poland and the expansion of war activities to Lithuania soon. Walerian Pietkiewicz was a member of the Central Vilnius Committee and friend of Joachim Lelewel. Valeryan Pietkiewicz knew well Towianski, like Gutt Ferdynand. He gives the testimony of honesty although in 1830 they did not take up arms; Gutt as a doctor served his knowledge on both sides. And he - at the request of General Paskevich - for the protection of Russian soldiers wounded in the Polish war of 1830-1831, was decorated on January 13, 1834 with the order of Saint Anna's third grade. On January 24, 1836 from Mannheim, Gutt wrote to Pietkiewicz that his father was murdered on 1 November 1835 at home. Money was not taken; the tragic death of the pharmacist Jerzy Gutt was dominated by legends, as always, when the perpetrators could not be detected. One of the legends accused Mikolaj Malinowski, the son-in-law of Gutt. By Krasinski - Towianski persuaded Ferdinand Gutt to murder his father [the letter of Zygmunt Karasinski to Delfina Potocka on March 19, 1842]. Extensive fragments of letters from Gutt to Pietkiewicz, written in 1833-1837 from Germany, are quoted by Stanislaw Pigon in the book "From the Age of Mickiewicz - Studies and Sketches" (1922). Jozef Ignacy Kraszewski wrote on Metyavichi / Maciewicze / Mieciavicy in the SLUCK district. Parents of Jozef Kazimierz Broel-Plater / PLATER 1796-1852: August Jacek Hieronim Broel-Plater / August Hiacynt 1745-1803 and Anna Beydo-Rzewuska 1761-1800. Jozef Krzysztof Donat Broel Plater b. 1796 in Kraslaw, died 1852 in Wilno, m. Antonina Pereswit-Soltan (1800-1871) or she married to Jozef Kazimierz Broel-Plater who was sentenced to settlement in Smolensk, where he lived with his family to 1846. In Smolensk he has established a contact with named above Jozef Ignacy Kraszewski. After 1846 he returned to Kombula, in 1847 was elected assessor of the Criminal Chamber of the Novgorod province. Writer under nick-name Joseph Plaskoziemski in 1846, gave his own theory of light, heat and electricity, but not supported by experiences in the mid-nineteenth century. He was also the author of the short history and geography of Livonia; died in 1852 in Vilnius, was buried in Kraslaw. He was married from 1819 to Antonina Pereswit-Soltan (1800-1871) and had 14 children. I emphasizes once again on Jozef Kazimierz Broel-Plater / PLATER 1796-1852, writer, born 1796 - Kraslaw, died in 1852 - Wilno, married in 1819 to Antonina Soltan 1800-1871, daughter of Benedykt Soltan b. 1770 and Jozefa Benislawska b. 1770. We back to Bartlomiej Niepokojczycki, born ca 1740/1760, the Sluck official, was the legal guardian for Kajetan Kraszewski. Kajetan Kraszewski b. 1827 in Dolhe, the Pruzany county, d. 1896 in Stary Kuplin, close to Pruzany; Polish writer, musician and astronomer, the father of Boguslaw Kraszewski. Benislawska MANTEUFFEL-SZOEGE was closest friend to Kajetan. Bartlomiej Niepokojczycki, send named Kajetan to Nieswiez under Devil alias De Yille; Nieswiez was owned by Karol Radziwill, 'panie kochanku'; in Nieswiez often stayed then Leon Borowski, Wolodkowicz, maiden Brzostowska; Morawski, Wendorf, Miternowski, Mackiewicz, Czyz, Mogiluicki; Bartlomiej Niepokojczycki, of Boloczyce, the father of ADAM Niepokojczycki; and Michal Domanski, who journeyed in 1769 - 1778, with KAROL Radziwill. Karol Stanislaw Onufry Jan Nepomucen Radziwill 'Panie Kochanku' b. 1734 in Nieswiez; voivode of Wilno from 1762, general lieutenant from 1759, marshal of the Grand Court of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in 1755; in 1764, he signed the manifesto, recognizing the convocial session in the presence of Russian troops as illegal. KAROL Radziwill a great patriot and creator of the anti-Russian opposition fought against the Russians in June - the battle under Slonim, and was forced to go to Woloszczyzna. Then he moved to Dresden, where he found out the news that the Parliament was deprived of his office, and that his estates were seized and confiscated. In 1768 he fought out a guarantee treaty, because Poland became a Russian protectorate, and he joined in exile to the leaders of the Bar Confederation. In 1770 he was a member and the founder of the Masonic Lodge Wandering Crew in PRESOV / Preszow. For failing to swear the oaths to Catherine II, after the first partition of Poland, in 1772, the Russians confiscated KAROL Radziwill's Newel, Siebiez in the Polock Province / Governorate, and Kopys and Romanow in Mogilev Governorate. He returned to Lithuania in 1777, settled in Nieswiez.