Jozef Sulkowski, b. 1770 or 1773, died 1798.
Eve Grzeda is the author of the monograph 'You will show of your sons graves with the pride...' and writes that
consolidate and disseminate the myth Sulkowski contributed Polish and foreign literature; he was the hero of Stefan
Zeromski and Roman Brandstaetter works. 'General Sulkowski life and historical memoirs...', issued in Poznan 1864,
according to French edition; H. Saint Albin, Memoires historiques; A. Skałkowski, Les Polonais en Egypte. 1798-
1801, 1910 edition.
Joseph Sulkowski was one of those people on whom Napoleon could completely rely on. He was killed during the
expedition of Bonaparte to Egypt on October 22, 1798; was the hero of the unfinished opera of Michal Oginski. A
parentage of Joseph Sulkowski is a tangle of secrets. Alexander Joseph Sulkowski, as a natural son of Polish King
Augustus II the Strong, held many important positions during the reign of his successor Augustus III. He became the
founder of the princely line of Sulkowski.
Jozef Sulkowski's father was Franciszek SULKOWSKI, prince 1733 - 1812.
JOZEF SULKOWSKI / Joseph, was regarded as the son of the Austrian Colonel Theodore Sulkowski. Mother Julia
Quelisk was of Hungarian origin. In 1779/1782 he met General of Legions, Michael Sokolnicki. The boy was taken
into the care of a wealthy uncle, the Duke Casimir Augustus Sulkowski. August fancied himself that Jozef is an
adoptive son; Duke took him on nearly 3-years tour in Europe. Joseph Sulkowski was taken to the highest courts.
Particular sympathy to him showed the queen of France, Marie Antoinette. According to the chroniclers, made him a
page to her; Prince August died in 1786;
Joseph Sulkowski took part in the Polish-Russian War in 1792. And as one of the first was awarded the
newly established Order of Military Virtue for bravery shown during the defense of the bridge at Zelwa. He emigrated
to France 1793.
He returned during the Kosciuszko Uprising 1794. In 1794 he was supporter of the Jacobins. After the
uprising, he went to France 1795, where he joined the republican army. Participant in the Italian campaign (1796-
1797), distinguished himself in the battles of Castiglione and San Giorgio. Appointed adjutant general of Napoleon
Bonaparte.
Already the first wave of Polish refugees who came to Istanbul in the years 1795 - 1796, had hopes of organizing
Polish Legion. Poles considered Turkey as a natural Polish ally.
The first Polish draft on the Polish Legion with the Turkish army, was launched in Venice and handed over to the
French on 1.I.1795; the first comprehensive draft was proposed by Joseph Sulkowski; Sulkowski in 1797 wrote a
study entitled 'An outline of the ... Ottoman Empire and some comments on the measures to prevent it from falling', if
(Polish + French) we manage to reform of Turkey, Sulkowski entrusts its task of support insurrection in Poland and
uprisings Tartars, the Caucasian tribes and the Don Cossacks.
In 1797 the Highlanders of Caucasus first appeared in the Polish projects and were there over almost the whole of the
next century.
Unknown by name de VENTURE de PARADIS married to Jozef Sulkowski / Joseph SULKOWSKI born in 1770 in
the Poznan province in Poland - died in 1798 in Cairo / Kair / Caire, Egypt:
the friend and aide de camp to Bonaparte,
friend with Muiron, Vivant Denon, Carnot, Augereau, and Bourienne;
Captain, was wounded at the Battle of Arcole in November 1796 between French and Austrian forces, southeast of
Verona during the War of the First Coalition, a part of the French Revolutionary Wars; shortly before his death, he
married one of the daughters of Venture de Paradis, an old military interpreter on the Egyptian expedition; in 1798 in
Cairo were murdered General Dupuy, and the Bonaparte's Aide-de-camp Joseph Sulkowski.
Józef Sulkowski gave an accurate description of the attack on the bridge at Arcole in one of his letters, written in
French from Italy to a friend in Paris.
The letters were addressed to a Pole, probably Peter / PIOTR Maleszewski, although it seems strange that they did
not mention on General Dabrowski in 1797; the last letter is dated from Sulkowski on August 7, 1797, and informed of
the need for a truce with Austria in Leoben; Sulkowski with Maleszewski, known for hostility to Dabrowski and
Bonaparte;
his letters are just such a "chronicle of war", his last known letter was sent one month before his murder. Sulkowski
arrived in Italy in mid-1796. At first, he was assigned captain; then was one of the five aides of Bonaparte. With him
were appointed aides of Bonaparte: Muiron - battalion chief, who was killed at Arcole, and Cpt. Duroc, later General,
duc de Friuli and the grand marshal of the palace. From previous nominations were aides: Bonaparte's brother Louis,
who later became the King of the Netherlands and the father of Napoleon III, and Marmont, who later became
marshal, Duc de Ragusa. The famous company. Reinhard writes in the epilogue of his book about the future of
Sulkowski, on his reluctance to gen. Dabrowski and friendship with Maleszewski, based largely on the work of Simon
Askenazy. Does not explain the circumstances of the death of Sulkowski in Egypt, maybe not intentionally Bonaparte
sent Sulkowski to death.
Pierr Maleszewski / Piotr MALESZEWSKI / Peter Maleszewski had a special trust of gen. Bernadotte and when
Bernadotte on July 3, 1799 was appointed Minister of War, Maleszewski was his secretary. Bernadotte was close to
the Jacobins. When Bernadotte on September 14, 1799 was removed from the Ministry of War, Bonaparte was then in
Egypt and returned to France, on October 9, 1799;
Zeromski wrote that when riots broke out in Cairo, Bonaparte had only two aides, Croisier and
Sulkowski.
Sulkowski come out first. His friend, Venture, tries to stop it; Venture said he looked at Bonaparte's face, at his eyes.
Sulkowski: Bad eyes? ... Do not care about me ... Venture: It's not enough. ... Bonaparte ... made by hand ... a secret
character. ... This gesture is an absolute command. It is a sign.
Acc. to S. Kirkor.
I managed to investigate and decipher a system in 2013 after 26 years of my researches: this is a conspiracy inside the headquarters of military
intelligence of the Tsarist Russia:
At this same year, 1909 descendant of Samuel Konarski
founded the groundwork of modern English MI5 counterintelligence.
KONARSKI Aleksander Samuel b. 1802 in Cracow or
in 1803 in Praszka, west of Czestochowa;
he was son of Joachim Konarski. That is maybe Rajmund Konarski (1783 - 1863) / Rajmund Joachim Konarski (Rajmund Konarski was son of
Józef Konarski and Tekla Laskowska / Tekla Kunegunda Laskowska;
and was brother of Tomasz Konarski (General) 1792 - 1878; Jan Konarski and Feliks Konarski; probably
father of Samuel Aleksander Konarski).
The creation of a secret society (the Round Table of Milner) had been planning for more than seventeen
years.
"Stead had been introduced to the plan on 4 April 1889, and Brett had been told of it on 3 February 1890".
And now back to England:
Some on Jakub Fuerstenberg-Hanecki:
deep political espionage (anarchists, Lenin, Marxists) and strategic
technological-scientific intelligence (Breguet + Duflon and Konstantynowicz Company, also Nobel and Armand
families:
telegraph, radio, electricity, aircraft, engines, ignition magnetos, automatic
pilots, helicopters, airships, submarines, lights, etc.).
Taken over in a certain period by British intelligence.
An influential leadership role in the formulation of foreign UK policy ca 1895 to ca 1921 played Alfred Milner,
1st Viscount Milner b. 1854, a British statesman.
Acc to Aydelotte:
"...in 1888 Rhodes made his third will ...
to LORD ROTHSCHILD (his financier in mining enterprises), but ...
for strategic reasons Lord Rothschild was subsequently removed from the forefront of the scheme.
Professor Quigley reveals that Lord Rosebury, replaced his father-in-law Lord Rothschild, in Rhodes'
next and last will. ... Quigley informs us that the central part of the 'secret society' was established by
March, 1891, using Rhodes' money.
The organization was run for Rothschild by Lord Alfred Milner
- the ROUND TABLE worked behind the scenes at the highest levels of British government, influencing foreign
policy
and England's involvement and conduct of WW I.
...
Between 1894 and 1907 a number of international treaties were signed to have Russia, France, England and further
nations unit against Germany in the case of war. It was the task of the
COMMITTEE OF 300 to set the stage for
the First World War. From the ROUND TABLE group emerged as a front the 'Royal institute for International
Affairs'
... known as 'Chatham House' and had among its founding members Lord Albert Grey, Lord Arnold Toynbee
... of the MI6, H. G. Wells, Lord Alfred Milner - head of the Round Table, and H. J. Mackinder
- inventor of the so-called geopolitics.
...
sums of money from the international bankers, among others from ALFRED MILNER - by Jan Van Helsing -
who later took over the secret Round Table, were poured into the Ochrana that already had infiltrated
the Bolshevik movement. Agents steered many of its activities. The infiltration was so strong that in 1908
four of the five members of the Petersburg committee of the Bolshevik party were Ochrana agents".
Some details:
Hubert Bland, a bank-journalist, worked for the London Sunday Chronicle, a paper owned by newspaper magnate
Edward Hulton, formerly of the Liberal Manchester Guardian.
Bland was a co-founder of the Fabian Society in 1884 and became a treasurer.
He also recruited Bernard Shaw.
Bernard Shaw was working for the London Pall Mall Gazette, where
William T. Stead served as editor and Alfred Milner as his assistant, both Stead and Milner were close to
diamond magnate and Rothschild associate Cecil Rhodes and were involved in the formation of the influential secret
organisation known as the Milner Group. Having been recruited to the Fabian Society by his friend Bland in 1884,
Shaw recruited Annie Besant and his friends Sidney Webb, Sydney Olivier and Graham Wallas in 1885 and 1886.
Shaw married Charlotte, daughter of Horace Payne-Townshend, a wealthy Stock Exchange investor.
He was employed by millionaire William Waldorf - Lord Astor, owner of the Pall Mall Gazette, and became a close
friend of the Milner Group leader - Waldorf and his wife Nancy.
Shaw's friend, Sidney Webb married Beatrice -
a close friend of Rothschild associate and Prime Minister Arthur Balfour,
the daughter of Richard Potter, a wealthy financier with
international connections, the chairman of the Great Western and Grand Trunk Railways of England and Canada.
Shaw, Webb, Olivier and Wallas became the Fabian Society's dominant Big Four with
John Passmore Edwards, an leader of the Liberal Manchester School, and with Richard Cobden.
The Fabian Society was in close touch with the Rothschilds both directly and through
Lord Arthur Balfour, and has also been close to David Rockefeller.
Cecil Rhodes the South African diamond millionaire,
used his fortune to promote the scheme of federating the English speaking peoples around the globe.
Rhodes and other acolytes of Ruskin, formed a secret society known as the Round Table Group,
were able to gain access to Rhodes' fortune after his death in 1902.
The Milner Group, the secret society formed by Cecil Rhodes,
dominated the British delegation to the Peace Conference of 1919,
founded the UK Royal Institute for International Affairs in 1919 / 1920
(the British Institute of International Affairs was founded in London in July 1920),
the US Council on Foreign Relations, and parallel groups in Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa
and India.
In 1919 British and American delegates to the Paris Peace Conference, under the leadership of Lionel Curtis,
conceived the idea of an Anglo-American Institute of foreign affairs to study international problems
with a view to preventing future wars - at Chatham House, Number 10 St. James's Square in 1923
(Professor Arnold Toynbee became the leading figure until his retirement in 1955).
Retinger was very close to Lionel Curtis, the founder of Chatham House and Retinger was politically active in
London
exactly at the same time when Chatham House was established in 1921-1923;
the Chatham House / the Royal Institute of International Affairs
represented by both ideologies of the Rhodes - Milner ideology with the ideology of the
Fabian society and Retinger had links to both these groups; his
the Bilderberg Group had their first meeting in May 1954 at the Bilderberg Hotel, near Arnhem in Holland.
I wrote above that the Round Table was started by Freemason and Rothschild agent, Lord Alfred Milner;
but Rhodes, who was connected to the Freemasons, first formalised his idea with William T. Stead;
in 1910, The Round Table Journal: A Quarterly Review of the Politics of the British Empire was founded by Lord
Milner
and members of Milner's Kindergarten: Lionel Curtis, Philip Kerr and Geoffrey Dawson;
by 1915 Round Table groups existed in seven countries:
in the United States acted George Louis Beer, Walter Lippmann, Frank Aydelotte, Whitney Shepardson, Thomas
W. Lamont, Erwin D. Canham.
Edward Grey, 1st Viscount Grey of Fallodon, b. 1862, known as Sir Edward Grey, the British Foreign Secretary
from 1905 to
1916, was closely politically, intellectually, and socially affiliated
with the Milner Group according to Prof. Quigley; he got Russia and France to sign secret agreements
that committed them to join England if there was a major war in Europe. Several years later, when World War I
was imminent, Sir Edward Grey denied the existence of the secret agreements.
Sir Edward Grey met few times with Edward Mandell House, the son of a successful banker and land owner;
House in 1911 became acquainted with Woodrow Wilson;
he confered with British foreign secretary Sir Edward Grey in 1913,
and in the spring of 1914 again; Colonel Edward House was a superb behind-the-scenes operator whose talents
made him an invaluable diplomat and presidential advisor.
"...Wilson proclaimed neutrality and in January 1915 dispatched House back to Europe on board the Lusitania
for a second official mission. House hoped to change British blockade policies and end German attacks on merchant
ships.
House found that both sides were so heavily invested in the conflict that they feared a public backlash if peace were
sought without victory...".
A third mission took place in 1916, when House met with Lord Grey;
in January 1919, House accompanied Wilson to Paris for the peace conference.
Sir Edward Grey was a member of the Fabian Co-Efficients, who also belonged to the inner circle of
the Rhodes' Round Table groups that were under the direction of Alfred Milner;
others members:
Haldane, L. S. Amery, Lord Robert Cecil, Lord Arthur Balfour, Michael Sadler
and Lord Milner himself were among the Fabian Coefficients.
Coefficients included: Bertrand Russell, Sidney and Beatrice Webb, Leo Maxse (who advocated war with Germany
already in 1902), Clinton Dawkins of the City, Carlyon Bellairs of the Navy, Pember Reeves, W. A. S. Hewins,
H. J. Mackinder, Henry Newbolt, John Hugh Smith, J. Birchenough of the City, Garvin, Josiah Wedgwood,
John Hugh Smith, Colonel Repington, F. S. Oliver, and C. F. G. Masterman.
The Illuminati, who also called themselves the Society of the Elect:
Cecil John Rhodes, Baron Nathan Rothschild, Sir Harry Johnston, William T. Stead,
Reginald Brett - Viscount Esher, Alfred Milner - Viscount Milner, B. F. Hawksley, Thomas Brassey
- Lord Brassey; Edmund Garrett; Alfred Beit; Sir Abe Bailey;
Albert Grey - Earl Grey; Archibald Primrose - Earl of Rosebery;
Arthur James Balfour; Sir George R. Parkin; Philip Lyttelton Gell;
Sir Henry Birchenough; Herbert A. L. Fisher; William Waldegrave Palmer - Earl of Selborne;
Sir Patrick Duncan; Robert Henry Brand - Baron Brand; Philip Kerr - Marquess of Lothian,
and others.
The Association of Helpers:
1. The Inner Circle:
Sir Patrick Duncan, Robert Henry Brand - Baron Brand; Philip Kerr - Marquess of Lothian;
Lionel Curtis, William L. Hichens, Geoffrey Dawson, Edward Grigg - Baron Altrincham;
Herbert A. L. Fisher, Leopold Amery, Richard Feetham, Hugh A. Wyndham; Sir Dougal Malcolm,
Basil Williams, Flora Shaw, Nancy Astor, Arnold J. Toynbee;
and others;
2. The Outer Circle: John Buchan - Baron Tweedsmuir,
Sir Fabian Ware, Sir Alfred Zimmern; Gilbert Murray, Robert Cecil - Viscount Cecil of Chelwood;
Sir James W. Headlam-Morley, and others.
Members in other countries: a. Canada; b. United States: George Louis Beer,
Frank Aydelotte, Jerome Greene; c. South Africa: Jan C. Smuts,
Sir Patrick Duncan, Sir Abe Bailey, and others;
d. Australia; e. New Zealand; f. Germany: Helmuth James von Moltke and
Adam von Trott zu Solz.
Victor Rothschild (Nathaniel Mayer Victor Rothschild, 3rd Baron Rothschild b. 1910 d. 1990;
son of Charles Rothschild; a member of the Apostles Club at Cambridge,
a secret society, there he became friends with the future Soviet spies Guy Burgess and Anthony Blunt,
and Kim Philby - not a member; he was recruited to work for MI5 during World War II, and was the head of B1C,
continued to work in security as an adviser to Margaret Thatcher;
1971 to 1974 The Think Tank), who worked for J. P. Morgan & Co., was one of the members of the Round
Table.
The Rothschilds
had financed Cecil Rhodes, co-operated with the Morgans and the Rockefellers, and they
financed the activities of Edward Harriman (railroads) and Andrew Carnegie Steel.
Roundtable inner Circle of Initiates included Lord Milner, Cecil Rhodes, Arthur Balfour, Albert Grey and
Lord Nathan Rothschild (Nathan Mayer Rothschild, 1st Baron Rothschild, Baron de Rothschild b.
1840, d. 1915, a British banker in issuing loans to the governments of the USA, Russia and Austria;
a close relationship with Benjamin Disraeli, he also funded Cecil Rhodes in the development of the
British South Africa Company and the De Beers diamond conglomerate, and
administered Rhodes's estate from 1902 and set up the Rhodes Scholarship scheme at Oxford).
According to Gary Allen's expose,
Milner financed the Russian Bolsheviks on Rothschild's behalf, with help from Jacob Schiff and Max Warburg.
The Round Table movement, founded in 1909 -
acc. to historian Carroll Quigley -
was connected to a secret society named the 'Society of the Elect' with
Cecil Rhodes, Stead and Lord Rothschild as his designated successors, and
also Milner, Reginald Baliol Brett Lord Esher, Cardinal Manning, Lord Arthur Balfour, Lord Albert Grey
and Sir Harry Johnston;
Carroll Quigley claims in 'Tragedy and Hope' that Rhodes's 'Society of the Elect' was
established in 1889 - 1891;
an outer circle known as the Association of Helpers was later organised by Milner as the Round Table;
its sister organisations: Lionel Curtis founded the Royal Institute of International Affairs in 1920,
and Walter Lippmann in 1921 - the Council on Foreign Relations, in America.
See also: Alexander May, The Round Table, 1910-66, ed. by University of Oxford.
Alexander Samuel or
KONARSKI Aleksander Samuel was wine merchant in England,
like Paul Armand who opened in Moscow own wine shop.
Samuel Alexander Ernest Konarski married to Harriet Fraser Lucas;
he was transcribed as 'Alexander Kowaraki'.
She come from the Irish family, Philip Monoux was the West India and Colombia merchant,
plantation owner
and slave-factor.
Philip Monoux Lucas was a partner in a number of companies and resided in the
West Indies between about 1802 and 1810,
acted in the Lang, Chauncy & Lucas (address:
at 39 Wilson Street Finsbury Square in 1834).
Monoux Lucas died in 1830. Emma, the daughter of Philip Monoux Lucas and Sarah Lucas,
married Edward Walker, a London solicitor who left Ł500,000 on his death in 1872.
"James Mad Lucas" or "The Hermit of Hertfordshire", was son of Philip Monoux Lucas
and his wife Sarah nee Beesly.
Above Nathaniel Snell Chauncy, 1789 - 1856,
son of Charles Snell Chauncy ne Snell,
who died in 1809, and brother of Charles Snell Chauncy. West India merchant, partner
with Philip Monoux Lucas and Charles Porcher Lang in Chauncy, Lucas & Lang until
Lucas's death in 1830.
Harriet Fraser Lucas / Harriet Fraser Konarska was daughter of Philip Monoux Lucas
and his wife Sarah and she was one of the "heirs of Philip Monoux Lucas"
identified as a beneficiary of his estate. She married above mentioned
Count Samuel Ernest Alexander Konarski at St Pancras in London, 1839.
Died in 9 Bedford Place, Brighton in 1871.
Children of Count Samuel Ernest Alexander Konarski /
Samuel Konarski / Konasski / Alexander Kowaraki:
a. Samuel Philip Lucas Konarski b. 1843,
b. Marie Konarska b. 1853 / Maria Alexandrina Stuart Konarski or
Marian Alexandrina Stuart died 1926, in 1845 living in Kensington,
1846 court against George Lucas;
c. Georgina Augusta Konarska b. 1855 / Georgina Augustus Kell nee Konarski;
d.
Emma Konarska / Emma Issabella Countess Konarska /
Emma Issabella Countess Konarska (1847-1933)
daughter of Alexander Count Konarski of Poland,
(inf. of 1895) m. in 1870 to
Valentine P. MacSwiney / Valentin Mc Swiney / Walenty Mac Swiney /
Valentine MacSwiney / Valentin Patrick MAC SWINEY
(son of Valentine MacSwiney of Macroom / Valentin MAC SWINEY 1806-1862
who married 1st Margaret Cremen, m. 2nd to Isabelle MAC LEOD 1814-1903)
b. 1847 in Macroom, Ireland, d. 1897;
her son Valentine Emmanuel Patrick MacSwiney of Paris, Chamberlain to his Holiness
Pope Leo XIII
(Valentin Emmanuel MAC SWINEY, marquess of Mashanaglass b. 1871 in
Paris, d. 1938, he married in 1895 1st to Stella CAVALANTI d'ALBUQUERQUE /
Stella Cavalcanti de Albuquerque / Stella Mac Swiney, Marquesa de Mashanaglass,
sister of Fernando Velho Cavalcanti de Albuquerque who was born 1873,
to Diogo Velho Cavalcanti de Albuquerque b. 1828 or 1829 and Amelia Machado Cavalcanti
de Albuquerque born in 1852; and 2nd m. to Anne de SCHILTZ-HESSE 1877-1933 in 1910
with children:
Honora MAC SWINEY b. 1911, Mary Elisabeth MAC SWINEY b. 1913, and Owen MAC SWINEY;
inf. at 'gw.geneanet.org/ygobilliard').
Acc. to: A representation of North Paraiba in the House of Representatives of Brasil, 1821 to 1900;
LEGISLATURE 1857 - 1860, district - Areias, copyright by
Carlos Eduardo Barata.
Diogo Velho Cavalcanti de Albuquerque, born in 1828 in Mill Keys Farm,
in Paraiba; baptized 1829, in Gurinhem, died 1899, in Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais.
He was son of Diogo Velho Cavalcanti de Albuquerque, of
Nazareth, Pernambuco, and Angela Sofia Teotonia;
degree of Pernambuco Univ. in 1851. He was
the District Attorney of the District of Areias in Paraiba.
In 1871, in Rio de Janeiro, m. to Amelia Machado de Castro Coelho, born
1852, Rio de Janeiro, died 1946, Viscountess Cavalcanti, daughter of Dr. Constantine
Machado Coelho de Castro and Mariana Barbosa de Assis Ferreira;
her children:
1. Velho Fernando Cavalcanti de Albuquerque, born 1873, in Rio de Janeiro.
Civil engineer, graduated from the Polytechnic School of Rio de Janeiro, 1899;
2. mentioned above Maria Estela Velho Cavalcanti de Albuquerque, Marchioness of
Marchesini, for your 2nd wedding.
Samuel Alexander Ernest Konarski was died on 14 January 1893 in Nice,
France; was a doctor, emigrated to England.
We know also on Thomas / Tomasz Paschalis Seweryn Konarski /
KONARSKI Tomasz Paschalis (1792-1878) General 1830-1831, from Zarczyce
close to Malogoszcz; in Zarczyce Duze in 1700 was born Stanislaw Konarski
actual name Hieronim Konarski; died 1878 - Auxerre.
His father lieutenant of the Austrian Army born 1742. Grandfather
1699-1756. Tomasz Konarski married two times:
in 1822, Warszawa, and in France.
Marie Melanie Edwige KONARSKA 1855-1940 m. 1880, Auxerre
to Isidore ROZE 1848-1934 with Marie Therese Eleonore ROZE 1881-1971 m.
1899 to Henri LIONS with Hedwige LIONS b. 1900.
Auxerre - half way from Paris to Dijon.
We know also that Samuel Alexander Konarski played at roulette in the casino in
Monte Carlo with high luck; a surgeon by profession, a participant of November
Uprising 1830 - 1831, during which he was wounded,
awarded the Golden Cross of the Virtue Military;
after the uprising, he emigrated to England, where he was occupied at large
scale in wine trade, thanks to help of Treasury (see below a note).
He spend the winter in warmer corners of Europe, including Monte Carlo,
Nice, Monaco.
He left a considerable wealth, for which his daughter Emma bought a large
collection of art. Unfortunately, after her death, none of this collection
was provided to Polish museums, but only to
the collections of the Vatican Museum, the Museum of Cluny in Paris and
the City Museum in Pau (France).
Explanation!
1. Emma was the daughter of Philip Monoux Lucas and Sarah Lucas, married Edward Walker, a London solicitor
who left Ł500,000 on his death in 1872.
2.
Valentine P. MacSwiney / Valentin Mc Swiney / Walenty Mac Swiney m.
in 1870 to Emma Konarska / Emma Issabella Countess Konarska
(Emma KONARSKA 1847-1933).
Her son Valentine Emanuel Patrick MacSwiney (1871-1945)
was born in Paris and created a Marquess by Pope Leo XIII.
We know on the copy of confirmation of arms to the descendants of
Valentine MacSwiney of Macroom married Margaret Cremen
(or Valentin MAC SWINEY 1806-1862 m. Isabelle MAC LEOD 1814-1903,
her parents John MAC LEOD ca 1774-1839 and Honora RIORDAN;
under copyright by Yves GOBILLIARD):
his grandson, Valentine Emmanuel Patrick MacSwiney of Paris, Chamberlain to
his Holiness Pope Leo XIII (Valentin Emmanuel MAC SWINEY,
marquess of Mashanaglass b. 1871 in Paris, d. 1938,
he married in 1895 1st to Stella CAVALANTI d'ALBUQUERQUE
/ Stella Cavalcanti de Albuquerque / Stella Mac Swiney, Marquesa de Mashanaglass,
sister of Fernando Velho Cavalcanti de Albuquerque who was born
1873, to Diogo Velho Cavalcanti de Albuquerque b. 1829
and Amélia Machado Cavalcanti de Albuquerque born in 1852;
and 2nd m.
to Anne de SCHILTZ-HESSE 1877-1933 in 1910 with
children: Honora MAC SWINEY b. 1911, Mary Elisabeth MAC SWINEY b.
1913, and Owen MAC SWINEY; inf. at 'gw.geneanet.org/ygobilliard')
and who was only son of Valentine MacSwiney
(Valentin Patrick MAC SWINEY b. 1847 in Macroom, Ireland,
d. 1897)
by Emma Issabella Countess Konarska daughter of Alexander Count Konarski of Poland,
inf. in 1895.
This MacSwiney family come also from Mashanaglass.
3.
Major, 25th Regiment, King's Own Scottish Borderers
(b. 1843, died at Torquay in 1887; the only son of Count Alexander Konarski)
Konarski Samuel Phillip Lucas /
Samuel P. L. Kouasaki / Samuel Konarski m. Emma Cecilia Konarski /
Emily L. Kouasaki / Emma Cecilia nee Walker
b. ca 1844 in Paddington,
living in 1881 at Biddlesden, Buckinghamshire.
National Treasure, the immigration funds collected in order to promote the fight
against invaders on the country, used to promote Polish foreign affairs.
The idea of the creation of the National Treasury in exile after the fall of the
January Uprising already gone back to Agaton Giller.
The base of this treasure was a gift of Louis Michalski residing in Switzerland;
in 1887 Sigmund Milkowski edited the famous book 'The thing about the active
defense and on the National Treasury', where he outlined the idea of creating a fund.
Agaton Giller b. 1831 in Opatówek, was a Polish journalist and writer,
conspirator and independence activist, a member of the National Government;
brother of Stefan Giller.
Ludwik Michalski born Louis Matyasek /
Ludwik Maciaszek, b. 1836 in Krakow, d. 1888 in Hilfikon
in Switzerland, was Polish-Swiss engineer and entrepreneur, a participant of the
January Uprising.
Milkowski in 1859 thought on the idea of national permanent
Insurgency, and as Z. F. M. wrote
'Rzecz o obronie czynnej i o skarbie Narodowym', ed. in Paris, 1887;
expanded ed. Krakow, 1912:
Polish question, so-called 'Polish Intrigue'
should be most important for Europe.
He also reminded all the time, on the pattern of Ireland,
on the establishment of the National Treasury, with
the national voluntary Taxation;
in August 1887 (? 1886) Milkowski / Jez moved to the castle Hilfikon
in Switzerland, where he studied with Ludwik Michalski, the Polish emigrant,
Maximilian Hertl from Paris, and the curator of the Ossolinski
library in Lviv - Dr. Alexander Hirszberg who met Polish Democrats
in Lviv, especially the Director of the Lemberger Savings Bank,
insurgent of 1863, Fr. Zima, and the Warsaw patriots,
to organize a democratic society with a centralization at the top,
and the result of those deliberations was the Polish League.
In Switzerland in 1887, by a group of former participants of the
January Uprising living in the Prussian and Austrian partitions, as well as abroad,
Zygmunt Milkowski / Theodore Thomas Jez, Maximilian Hertel and
Alexander Hirschberg at Hilfikon castle near Zurich,
was established the Polish League.
Zygmunt Milkowski / Theodore Thomas Jez b. 1824 in the village Saracei
in Podolia, d. 1915 in Lausanne, Polish writer, was the son of an
noblemen, Joseph, was a Napoleonic officer; the gymnasium in Niemirow;
he was graduated from Richelieu high school in Odessa 1843 - 1846,
then the University of Kiev 1847; 1848 he went to Hungary via Galicia and
served in the Polish Legion during the Hungarian campaign of 1848-1849,
where he advanced to the rank of lieutenant.
Since the time of the Hungarian uprising was in the sphere of influence of
Stanisław Worcell b. 1799, Heltman Victor b. 1796, Darasz Wojciech
b. 1808, and Limanowski Boleslaw b. 1835.
He emigrated to Turkey where he was interned for a year,
1850 he left for England, where, while he was working in a factory producing
printing blocks for wallpaper patterns, he joined the Polish Democratic Society.
In 1851 he went to Moldavia as an agent of the Central Committee of European Democracy.
During the Crimean War he was on the Balkan Peninsula,
and was also an observer attached to the Turkish army.
He stayed in Walachia then left for Serbia, Bulgaria,
1855-1857 he was living in Constantinople,
then in 1858 he returned to London.
After the outbreak of the January Uprising
in Poland in 1863, he became commander of the army in Ruthenia and was appointed
colonel by the National Central Committee. He organised an insurgent troop in Tulcza,
which was to enter Russia through the territory of Romania.
1864-1866 he stayed in Belgrade, then he moved to
Brussels, Lausanne and Geneva. Towards the end of his life he settled in Lausanne.
In 1866 he initiated the establishment of the National Treasury to fund
future insurgent actions and develop Polish propaganda abroad.
Darasz was the editor of Polish Democrat, a member of the Centralization
- Polish Democratic Society and a member of the Revolutionary Committee of the
Centralization of Europe.
Heltman was one of the ideologues of Polish Democratic Society
and European activist, with
Jastrzębowski Wojciech Bogumil b.
1799, who can safely be called the first theorist of a United Europe;
the National Guard soldier, battles at Wawer and Olszynka Grochowska in
1831; his ideas about Europe were echoed in the views of
Massini and Giuseppe Garibaldi, Ledru - Rollin
and Ruge Anolda b. 1802.
Massini fought with MONARCHS EUROPE, already in 1832 he founded YOUNG ITALY,
helped organize the YOUNG GERMANY and Young POLAND.
These were the steps involved in creating YOUNG EUROPE
because he believed that only the young generation could
rebuild Europe's monarchs in Europe of Nations.
We back to Milkowski, who was sent back to England 1850 (again 1858);
active involvement in the Polish Democratic Society,
closer to the international revolutionary circles.
Since then, he was theorist of the European revolution.
The Central Committee of European Democracy commissioned colonel Zygmunt Miłkowski
task of forming a resistance movement in Russia;
detailed instructions on this matter received from the German revolutionary
Arnold Ruge; besides Miłkowski, to Galicia was sent Louis Jastrzebski.
Milkowski with a passport in the name of Williams Smith went (1851) to the east,
had letters of recommendation from Massini and Bratianu Dmitri;
this mission was a tragedy for his family, his brothers Joseph and Felix
in Romania were arrested and handed in 1853;
Joseph, as the tsarist officer was shot in Izmaiłow;
Felix sent to Orenburg. The third brother John was killed in a battle with the
Turks at Oltenica. The mission of the European Democracy agents was
thwarted by the church and the aristocracy, because
some European Democracy activists were Freemasons;
the European Democracy top members:
Giuseppe Mazzini, Ledru-Rollin, Arnold Ruge, Darasz Wojciech and
Dimitrie (1818-1892);
they shared a need to organize a European revolution.
Massini though Mason was the believer man;
Arnold Ruge was a atheist. Darasz and Rollin were radicals.
Colonel Sigmund Milkowski did not agree with the policy of Czartoryski, who financed
the trip to America, for former insurgents 1863;
Society of the Third of May led by Adam Czartoryski
also called the Hotel Lambert and the Society for Military of
gen. Rybinski Maciej deprived to participate in the fight against the aggressors.
But the League of Liberty and Peace was established in 1867 in Geneva.
At the Congress in Lausanne, speech in defense of Polish affairs gave Colonel
Zygmunt Milkowski in 1872; the congress was attended by representatives of the
Poles, French, Germans and other nationalities.
"Almost all the congresses of the League felt the spirit of the EUROPE of
NATIONS ... by the inspiration of Charles Lemonnier, at the Congress in Lausanne,
Polish independence was considered as a prerequisite for peace in Europe".
Milkowski was one of the founders of the Polish National League,
which was transformed into the National Democracy Party.
Also with
Louis Matyasek Michalski, an engineer, who opened his castle Hiltikon
for this meeting; he was born in a family of teachers.
1863 he joined the January Uprising under Kopernicki Francis (1824-1892).
After the uprising got to Switzerland, Sumatra, and back to
Switzerland; provided financial support for Polish initiatives.
Hertel was also an engineer, poet, worked for the Ministry of Roads and Transport
in Paris. He had a big impact on the French Polonia.
Dr. Hirschberg, historian, the history of diplomacy and Polish-Russian relations.
The source of the new organization were manifestos of the POLISH DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY
(1832-1862), with the reconstruction of Poland from 1772,
but with the right of minorities to autonomy.
Milkowski was also the President of the Supervisory Council of the National Treasury,
a member of the Board of the Polish Emigrant Union
and of the Executive Board of the Polish National Museum in Rapperswill.
In 1900 he made a journey to the USA; he died in Lausanne on 11 January 1915.
Above data under copyright by Dr Marek Adamiec.
On his initiative Zygmunt Balicki came to Warsaw, and founded a secret
Polish Youth Union modeled on Freemasonry, at the turn of 1886-1887,
among university students; fought on the independence of Poland.
Interesting notes on wine commerce:
1.
Trading House "Heirs of A. F. Poklewski-Koziell" / Pakleuski Kozell -
the Company founder was Alfons Fomich Poklevskii-Kozell / Alfons Koziell Poklewski
who in 1869 bought a large estate in Kurgan, built here a stone wine warehouse.
2. The ARMAND family from Moscow:
Jean-Louis Armand (1786 - 1855 in Moscow) appeared in Russia ca 1790 - 1799,
together with his father Paul Armand and mother Angelica (1765 / 1767 - 1813 in Moscow)
daughter of Charles, during an escape from the terror of the French Revolution;
Paul Armand b. ca 1762 was a prosperous farmer in Normandie and sympathized royalists.
He, settling in Paris, opened the building workshop; there he married Angelica daughter
of Charles from Alsatie; he decided to build his commerce on the French wines trade
in Russia. Once the ship crashed in the Bay of Biscay and it ruined family of Armand.
But Paul soon had good commercial relations in shipping ports of south France (Nice
and Marseille probably).
The 29 year-old general Paul Armand came from Paris in the carriage of the Marquis
de Courtenay. He had an antique best wines of France in barrels, bought up at the south.
Paul Armand expected to open in Moscow own wine shop. On the way to Russia,
he did not know that it will suffer a financial collapse: the ship will sink
with wine.
After the shipwreck of wine in the Bay of Biscay, Armand transfered trade of wines
to the Mediterranean ports of France, it took place perhaps during the continental
blockade taken by England against Napoleon. Then after 1815 the trade lasted maybe
until the Crimean War in the 50's of the 19th century.
Paul Armand ran the wine trade through the ports in the south of France
to Russia: a probable route from Marseille - Nice - after Italian Naples -
Smyrna / Smyrne (see the Ralli Brothers from London, Marseille, India) in
Turkey? - Crimea / Krym, where the Armand family had a very good trade agreements.
A Demonsi / Demonet / Demontet family ran in Moscow a sales of these French wines.
When Paul Armand married, he did not know what would be the basis of family
trade - fashionable hats at first. Next to the fashionable shop of Armand was
trading house of Demonet where sold not only fashionable Parisian clothes,
but also French wines, perfumes, delicacies and even lamps.
Jean-Louis Armand, from his first marriage to Elizabeth Osipovna (1788 - 1817),
Sabine called her, had a son Yevgeny born in 1809. From his second marriage,
Jean-Louis and Marie-Barbe, nee Collignon (1780 - 1872) had a daughter Sophia,
married a Swede, Osip Hecke / Hoecke/ Hacker.
In 1811 in Moscow lived:
Jean-Louis Armand b. ca 1787, and his son Louis-Jean b. 1807 / 1808,
French nation; his wife Elizabeth Osipovna b. ca 1786/1787 and daughter
Elizabeth b. 1807. Also merchant Paul / Pavel Armand b. 1762, who arrived
(again?) to Moscow in 1808; his wife Angelica daughter of Charles, was born 1767.
Louis-Jean b. 1807 / 1808 that is Yevgeny born in 1809 = Evgeny (Eugene Louis)
Armand (1809 - 1890), the grandson of Paul Armand, worked as a foreman for weaving
and dyeing factories near Moscow.
Paul was killed and Paul's son, Jean - Ivan, started a wine-import business.
It was Ivan's son, the first Eugene, who founded the Armand fortunes.
3. Alexandra Constantinovna Countess von Zarnekau b. 1883 married in 1900
Prince George Alexandrovich Yurievsky, a son of Alexander II of Russia. In 1884,
they bought a local wine cellar established by the Frenchman Shote in
1876 for bottling champagne, doing business in Odessa and Alexandrovsk (Zaporozhe).
4. On July 30th Bronislaw Pilsudski left Nagasaki by ship, on August 3rd left
Japan for Galicia (Austrian Poland) via America.
On the main street of Ginza in Tokyo,
Pilsudski rented a room from the end of January to July 1906 - had a
connection with Russian merchants in Vladivostok and sold natural ice
transported from Hakodate in Hokkaido and milk, as well as ice cream and
foreign-made wines later. In 1908 Futabatei visited St. Petersburg as a special
correspondent for the newspaper Asahi and met Zarnowska - wife of Bronislaw Pilsudski -
who was staying at a relative's home there. He did not, however, manage to see Pilsudski.
5. GAILLARD, J. Jeune / Jeune GAILLARD, 1896, a General Store was opened at
Nagasaki at 12 Oura under the name of J. Gaillard, the Nagasaki branch of Gaillard & Co.,
which was led by Jean Sirot. Sirot came from Shanghai. The Nagasaki branch
provisioned the French Navy with coal, food and other provisions and in 1897 the
branch specialized in wine and spirits. From 1889 to 1903 only C. Joana is listed
as head of this branch and J. Gaillard is only mentioned in 1901, with
Rene Chevalier Lavaure, to 1904.
6. Thomas Bulkeley O'Meara - wine merchant - b. 1829 in Paris, France, d. 1904 / 1908
in London, England; he was son of John O'Meara and Elizabeth Sophie.
John O'Meara, b. 1797 in Borrisokane, Co Tipperary, central part of Ireland,
south-west of Dublin; died 1867 in Paris.
Thomas Bulkeley O'Meara was husband of Marie Camille and father of
Mathilde Camille Marie O'Meara b. 1861; Henrie Marie Bulkeley b. 1857,
Charles Louis Thomas b. 1862, John Herbert Lewis b. 1860, and Camille Alfred O'Meara.
Camille Alfred O'Meara b. 1858 in Piltown - south-east of Ireland, d. ?;
son of Thomas Bulkeley O'Meara and Marie Camille; husband of Rosalee Julia
nee Guilloux; from this family was Louis Fançois Marie GUILLOUX, b. 1899 in
Saint-Brieuc, France, his father was a socialist activist of 'Proudhonism';
Guilloux befriended the philosophy tutor Georges Palante, an anarchist.
Camille Alfred O'Meara was father of Rose Julie Taylor, Harry O'Meara,
Charlie O'Meara, Tom O'Meara, Alf O'Meara, Pat and Camille Cammie;
half brother of Mathilde Camille Marie O'Meara.
Thomas Bulkeley O'Meara - wine merchant - was half brother of
Josephine Camille O'Meara and Mathihilde O'Meara. Thomas Bulkeley O'Meara was born
on the 9th December 1829 in Paris and died at Addison Gardens, London, in 1904;
he was secretary of the Cercle Imperial Club in Paris, was a cashier in
Salt Manufacturing of his brother-in-law's company at Stoke Prior
in England, and finally was a wine merchant; married to Marie Camille nee Blot.
Parents of above named Thomas Bulkeley O'Meara - wine merchant - b. 1829:
John O'MEARA 1797-1867 and Elisabeth Sophie FITZPATRICK 1809-1889.
Acc. to http://gw.geneanet.org: parents of mentioned John O'Meara:
Jack O'MEARA and Ann MORAN.
Why James Augustin FITZPATRICK found himself in France between 1805 and 1809,
we do not know; France and England at that time were fighting at many fronts;
maybe he traded wine from southern France as Paul Armand?!
Maybe he traded tea from India? The economic blockade of the UK economy by France,
created by closing the trade of this country with the countries of continental
Europe and imposed allies of France to introduce trade embargo against Great Britain,
resulted edition in Berlin by Napoleon Bonaparte's decree of November 21, 1806.
The closure of European ports for the British fleet cut off the United Kingdom
from markets and supply. It was notoriously broken because its effects were also
negative for the European economies. For example, the cost of wine production in
Scotland and France. France also losses because it was the recipient of the English
wool.
According to Carroll Quigley, "...Rhodes embraced the ideas of Stead much earlier than they actually have met
(on 4 April 1889), and then they jointly set up their secret society for the establishment
of the Anglo-American Union ... in 1891, February 5. Stead continues: The conception in those day (1880)
was confined to few, but nowadays the parties led by Lord Rosebery and Lord Salisbury would vie with each other
in asserting their readiness to recognize the European Concert as the germ of the United States of Europe,
and to develop the concerted action of six Powers in relation to the question of the East into a Federated Union
of all the European States...".
This is not a joke on the readers of this website, that 100 years and 1 day later, the general Kiszczak also
closed the debate of his Round Table.
This Round Table that are negotiations conducted to April 5, 1989 by the
representatives of the People's Republic of Poland in Magdalenka near Warsaw.
When Field Marshal Horatio Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener, drowned on 5 June 1916 when HMS
Hampshire
sank west of the Orkney Islands, Scotland, then Alfred Milner, 1st Viscount Milner, from December 1916 to
November 1918, was one of the most important members
of David Lloyd George's War Cabinet. His mother was a daughter of Major General John Ready,
former Lieutenant Governor of Prince Edward Island and later the Isle of Man.
Upon his return from South Africa, Viscount Milner occupied himself mainly with business interests in London,
becoming chairman of the Rio Tinto Zinc mining company, a director of the Joint Stock Bank,
in January 1917 Milner led the British delegation, with Henry Wilson, in Russia, to boost Russian morale
and see what equipment they needed;
he was an advocate of inter-allied cooperation, in St. Petersburg in
February 1917.
But Trotsky in his book 'My Life' tells of a British financier, who in 1907 gave him a large loan to
be repaid after the overthrow of the Tsar. Arsene de Goulevitch, who witnessed the Bolshevik Revolution,
has identified both the name of the financier and the amount of the loan:
over 21 million rubles were spent by Lord Alfred Milner in financing the (October 1917 Revolution) Russian
Revolution.
It was a big dream of Pilsudski and Poles to Tsarist Russia collapsed, and then in the revolutionary
chaos appeared Lenin had passed into Russia by the Germans.
A documents made it clear, that this above mentioned funding was provided by Milner and channeled through
Sir George Buchanan, who was the British Ambassador to Russia at the time, acc. to Goulevitch, p. 230.
In March 1832, Adam Mickiewicz stayed in Dresden, Saxony,
where he wrote the third part of his poem 'Dziady'.
July 1832 he arrived in Paris, accompanied by Ignacy Domeyko;
in Paris, Mickiewicz published articles in 'Pielgrzym Polski',
and wrote 'The Books of the Polish People and of the Polish Pilgrimage' - in the part: 'Pilgrim LITANY' we
read:
"...The universal war for the freedom of peoples,
We ask you, Lord.
The weapons and national eagles,
We ask you, Lord...".
Tadeusz A. Kisielewski in "The Great War and Polish independence"
ed. Rebis Publishing House, 2014, shows the First World War (the Great
War 1914-1918) as a game of
powers, which fight each other for dominance over Europe and domination in
the colonies.
In 1832 the author of 'Pilgrim LITANY', Adam Mickiewicz,
although romantic poet, but cool, wrote that
an essential condition of Poland's
independence is the conflict between the invaders, and it must be converted into a European-wide war.
In 1895, Pilsudski published an article titled "Russia",
in which he formulated for the first time
a basic condition
for independence by Poland: to "slit the seams of ethnic Russia"
and other non-Russian parts of the empire (to split the seams of ethnic Russia and other non-Russian parts).
On 28 June 1914, Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, and his wife, Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg, were shot dead
in
Sarajevo by Gavrilo Princip, one of a group of six assassins, Serbs and Bosniak,
coordinated by Danilo Ilic, a Bosnian Serb and a member of the Black Hand secret society.
"...In May of 1914 Colonel Dmitrijevic, a secret way from his own government, introduced the idea of the
assassination
of Archduke. The Russian attache Colonel Artamonow, was not able to decide,
and reached an agreement with friends from the General Staff in St. Petersburg, and after a few days
passed acceptance: 'Works ... we will not leave you alone'.
Today we know that these words were not empty. We do not know who made the decision.
Whoever he was, he had to be close to the heads of the party pro war;
it was leading by the uncle of the Tsar, Grand Duke Nicholas (Nikolai);
and operate at the interface between the military and diplomacy,
he soon began a covert operation to observe long-term Russian ambassador in Belgrade, Nikolai Hartwig.
One thing is certain: the decision of St. Petersburg, and then ... shots of Princip started the chain of events
that led to the global carnage...",
according to
http://foxmulder2.blogspot.com/2014/06/najwieksze-sekrety-kryptonim.html by Hubert Kozieł.
The Russian attache Colonel Artamonow / Viktor Alekseevich Artamonov /
Viktor Alekseievitch Artamonov / Виктор
Алексеевич
Артамонов,
had a close relationship with Apis;
"...accessible records do not explain what role, if any,
Artamonov had in the plot. To make matters murkier still, just before his execution by his own government
at Salonika in June 1917, after being accused of involvement in yet another plot, this time against his own leaders,
Dimitrijevic boasted in writing of his role behind the Sarajevo plot and admitted that Artamonov
funded the terrorist operation, something that Yugoslavia's Communists revealed in 1953 to discredit the royal
regime that preceded them in power in Belgrade. As Artamonov died in exile in 1942 without fully explaining
his role in the assassination... something undertaken by direction from St. Petersburg.
... Given that Russian radio intelligence was able to read Austro-Hungarian diplomatic ciphers before the war,
it seems likely that St. Petersburg was aware of what Vienna's probable reaction to the assassination
would be and, as Sean Meekin has recently observed, the Russians subsequently acted as if they have something to
hide:
'gaps in the record strongly suggest a good deal of purging took place after 1914',
to cover whatever tracks Artamonov left behind. The attaché conveniently managed to be out of Belgrade on the
day
of the assassination, yet it was well known in Serbian military circles that, in the weeks before the assassination,
he and Apis saw each other almost daily. A Serbian colonel who was close to Apis conceded that Artamonov
had encouraged the plot... it seems very likely that St. Petersburg knew more about the plot that it later
proved politic to admit...".
And "...Serbian military intelligence, whose chief, Colonel Dragutin Dimitrijević,
colloquially known as Apis (The Bull), was a violent conspirator with impressive credentials even by high regional
standards", copyright by http://20committee.com/
Apis ordered the murder of Franz Ferdinand, and he said that the Russian military attache
Artamonov promised protection of Russia from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, when Serbia's intelligence operations
will be
disclosed, and that Russia has financed the killing.
In an interview, Artamonov categorically denied any involvement of Russia in this case. Artamonov said that
at this time he was on vacation in Italy, leaving only military assistant of Attache Alexander Verkhovsky;
and although he had the daily contact with Apis, he learned about the role of Apis only at the end of the war,
acc. to Albertini.
Verkhovskii / Alexander Verkhovsky first admitted involvement of the
Attache Office, and then completely stopped talking about it.
There is evidence that on June 14, 1914 Russia was at least aware of the plans of terrorists.
Shelking wrote:
'...01 (14) June 1914, Emperor Nicholas had a conversation with King Charles in Constanta in Romania.
I was there at the time ... as far as I could tell from my conversation with the members of his entourage
(Russian Foreign Minister Sazonov) he (Sazonov) was convinced that if the Archduke (Franz Ferdinand)
will go in the direction of peace in Europe will not be threatened'.
Mentioned above
Алекса́ндр
Ива́нович
Верхо́вский / Verkhovsky,
Alexander / Aleksander Wierchowski - b. 1886, St. Petersburg, d. August 19, 1938;
nobility.
In 1905, for the liberal-constitutional view expelled from the Corps of Pages and sent in Manchuria,
was the gunner; awarded the George Cross and promoted to officer. In 1905-1908 he served in Helsingfors,
the 3rd Light division in Finland, 1909 lieutenant.
Graduated from the Nikolaev Military Academy (1911); 1911 he graduated from the Academy of General Staff.
1911 staff-captain, 1913 - Captain.
1911-1913 he commanded a company of the 2nd Infantry Regiment in Finland.
1913 the senior aide of Staff of the 3rd Finnish Infantry Brigade.
He was sent to Serbia (1914) to study the experiences of participation of the Serbian army in the Balkan wars.
Since the beginning of the First World War he returned to Russia, participated in the battles in East Prussia.
Since 1915 head of security section of Staff to the 22nd Corps on the South-Western Front;
at the headquarters of 7th Army.
Since March 1916, Lieutenant Colonel, Chief of Staff of Army Group, designed to capture Trebizond from the sea.
In September - December 1916 in Romania, he was assistant of the security section of the
Russia's representative at the headquarters; he arrived in Petrograd and wrote:
'Only a change of political system could save the army from the new misfortunes, and Russia from the ignominious
defeat.
Army has lost patience...', acc. to '...From the diary of a marching 1914-1918', Moscow.
In early 1917 appointed Chief of Staff of the Chernomorskoy division, designed for landing on the Turkish coast.
After the February Revolution of 1917 he participated in the meeting of officers of the garrison to support the
Provisional Government.
On August 30, 1917 Kerensky appointed Verkhovsky the Military Minister;
on Sept. 1st, 1917 introduced him to the Directory, giving the rank of Major-General;
on Sep 7, 1917 Verkhovsky made a presentation on the reorganization of the army;
on Sep 8, 1917 appointed to the Bureau of the Central Executive Committee;
on October 20, 1917 the joint meeting of the Pre-Parliament Committee
Defense and Foreign Affairs -
Verkhovsky analyzed the state of the army and said we can't fight;
on October 22, 1917 / 04 Nov. "he went on to Balaam" (?), where only on 29 Oct. learned about the October
armed uprising.
Nov. 3 / 16, 1917 returned to Petrograd, and together with members of the Central Committee went to
headquarters
where the All-Army committee and leaders of some socialist parties tried to form a 'general-socialist government';
Nov. 1917 moved to Mogilov.
In 1922 he was a military expert of the Soviet delegation at the Genoa International Conference.
On 18 July 1931 on charges of anti-Soviet activities sentenced to death. December 2, 1931 sentence to 10
years in the camps.
Viktor Alekseievitch Artamonov born October 9, 1873 and died August 23, 1942 in Antwerp, Belgium.
"He graduated in 1890 from the Cadet Corps Simbirsk, in 1892 the Military Academy in 1900 and Pavlovsk
Academy
of Staff of Mykolayiv. ... the Volhynian Guard Regiment, ... and Odessa in 1904.
... military liaison officer 1907 to 1909 in Greece and then from 1909 to 1918 in Serbia.
... 1919 to 1920 he was representative in Belgrade Armed Forces of South Russia, under the direction of
Anton Ivanovich Denikin then under those of Pyotr Nikolayevich Wrangel...".
Very interesting research of Pierre-Yves Beaurepaire, 'Dictionnaire de la Franc-maconnerie', Paris, Armand
Colin,
2014, p. 307-314: the conspiracy theory, a whole section of contemporary American literature to
have become a topic of academic research among Americanists; revolutions from the eighteenth century.
But the first was John Robison (1739 - 1805), a Scottish physicist and mathematician. He was a professor
of philosophy at the University of Edinburgh. A member of the Edinburgh Philosophical Society,
the first General Secretary to the Royal Society of Edinburgh (1783 - 1798). See Becu in 1803 in
Scotland (Dzierzynski, Becu, Pilar-Pilchau, Bulhak, Pilsudski).
Robison also worked with James Watt on an early steam car. Following the French Revolution, Robison became
disenchanted with elements of the Enlightenment. He authored Proofs of a Conspiracy in 1797,
a polemic accusing Freemasonry of being infiltrated by Weishaupt's Order of the Illuminati.
Born in Boghall, Baldernock, Stirlingshire, close to Thornhill, north-west of Stirling;
west of Drummond, south-west of the Doune castle.
See: Peter Rutherford, b. 1843 in Doune - 15 km north-west of Stirling, Kilmadock, Perth in Scotland;
his father was John RUTHERFORD; the Douglas family from Bothwell - 15 km south-east of Glasgow,
Kincardineshire,
30 km south of Aberdeen, and from Fordoune, Scotland - 14 km north-west of Srirling;
see: Douglas from Italy, Napoli. James Francis Edward Keith b. 1696, a Scottish soldier,
was born at Inverugie Castle near Peterhead - north of Aberdeen in eastern Scotland, the second son of William,
9th Earl Marischal of Scotland who b. ca 1664, and was also a Jacobite politician of Scotland.
Robert Wardlaw Ramsay of Tillicoultry and Whitehill. Tillicoultry is located 18 km east of Stirling!
Louis Latour b. 1799, m. Catherine Smith in 1822, Calcutta; Edward De Lautour married Catherine Sconce -
second daughter of Robert Sconce, Esquire, of Stirling in Scotland - at Calcutta.
Back to John Robison:
"...In 1770 he travelled to Saint Petersburg as the Secretary of Admiral Charles Knowles, where he taught
mathematics
to the cadets at the Naval Academy at Cronstadt, obtaining a double salary and the rank of Lieutenant Colonel.
... Robison returned to Scotland in 1773 and took up the post of Professor of Natural Philosophy at the University of
Edinburgh. He lectured on mechanics, hydrostatics, astronomy, optics, electricity and magnetism (see Gernet,
Duflon, Breguet, Konstantynowicz).
Towards the end of his life, he became an enthusiastic conspiracy theorist, publishing Proofs of a Conspiracy,
... in 1797, alleging clandestine intrigue by the Illuminati and Freemasons
... carried on in the secret meetings of Freemasons, Illuminati and Reading Societies.
The secret agent monk, Alexander Horn provided much of the material for Robison's allegations.
... In 1798, the Reverend G. W. Snyder sent Robison's book to George Washington for his thoughts on the subject
in which he replied to him in a letter. ... Modern conspiracy theorists, such as Nesta Webster and William Guy Carr,
believe the methods of the Illuminati as described in Proofs of a Conspiracy were copied by radical groups throughout
the 19th and 20th centuries in their subversion of benign organizations...".
Weishaupt (Johann Adam Weishaupt b. 1748 in Ingolstadt, d. 1830)
was trained by friend of Moses Mendelssohn - Hartwig Wessely
/ Hartog Naftali Herz in 1771. Over the next five years
Weishaupt formulated a plan,
all secret systems be reduced to a single powerful organization.
On May 1, 1776, he formed it to live as a secret Order of the Illuminati or "Enlightened"
and stood at the forefront; see at
http://www.eioba.pl/a/3it4/teorie-spiskowe-zakon-iluminatow;
this organization essentially acting as a "over-Freemasonry",
to take control on all of Freemasonry.
Weishaupt himself to be even accept to lodge "Zur Behuntsamkeit" in Munich,
and began to arrange his Order within Freemasonry.
Please compare the text:
http://www.klubinteligencjipolskiej.pl/2015/03/wall-street-i-rewolucja-bolszewicka-w-rosji-2/;
and notes by Douglas Reed, translated by Krzysztof Edmund Wojciechowicz,
at http://spiritolibero.neon24.pl/post/107504,rewolucja-swiatowa.
Edward VII, b. 1841 in London, in 1874 the Prince of Wales attended the marriage at St. Petersburg of
his brother, the Duke of Edinburgh, with the grand-duchess Marie of Russia.
He was first elected grand master of the Freemasons of England in 1874;
a bencher of the Middle Temple, he was son of Queen Victoria;
initiated by the King of Sweden, at Stockholm in 1868, the rank of Past Grand Master of England was conferred
upon
him in 1870.
Patron of the Grand Lodges of Scotland and Ireland and was an honorary member of Lodge of Edinburgh No. 1.
Grand Master Albert Edward, Prince of Wales (then
the King of Great Britain and Ireland as Edward VII from 1901), 1874 to 1901.
The network:
Montenegro - Potapov - Parvus - Berezyna - Konstantynowicz - Artuzow - Volpi - Venetia - electricity:
Prince Arseny Karageorgievich / Karadjordjevic b. 1859, d. 1938, was educated in Paris lycee and graduated
from the 2nd Konstantinovskoye Military College in 1888; served until 1916 to the Russian military,
Major General of the Russian Imperial Army, participated in the Russian-Japanese War and
in the First World War; the pretender to the Serbian throne, who formerly served in the French Foreign Legion;
the friend of Drzewiecki, Duflon, Breguet in St Petersburg (see: Potapov in Montenegro;
the Azbelev / Azbelew family, and the Duflon and
Konstantynowicz Company in Petersburg; Nagasaki and Bronislaw Pilsudski, Volpi; Neuchatel in Switzerland).
Arseny was the son of Serbian Prince Alexander Karadjordjevic and Princess Persia.
The first genealogy of Arseny:
Count Pavel Pavlovich Demidov / Demidoff, 2nd Prince San Donato, 1839-1885,
owned approximately 100 factories in Russian and 1 million squares kilometers of land in Russia,
France and in Italy. He move to Villa Pratolino, named as Villa Demidoff,
and m. 2nd time to Helena or
Elena Petrovna, Princess Troubetzekaya, Countess Demidova,
Princess San Donato, b. St. Peterburg in 1853, d. Odessa in 1917;
Aurora Pavlovna Demidova, Countess Demidova, Princess San Donato,
Princess of Serbia, and later Countess Noghera, born in San Donato
in 1873 or 1874, d. Marseille, in 1943 (? - Aurora Pavlovna, nee Princess Demidov San Donato b. 1873, Kiev;
d. 1904, Turin), eldest daughter of the second marriage of the above Prince Pavel Pavlovich Demidov;
Aurora m. first to Arsene Karageorgievich, Prince of Serbia, 1859-1938, son of Alexandar Karageorgievich,
Prince of Serbia, 1806-1885 and Persida Nenadovic, 1813-1873. General of the Russian army; Comander-General
of the Yugoslavian army.
He was brother of Peter I, King of Serbians, Croats and Slovens, later King of
Yugoslavia, 1844-1921.
Prince Arsene divorced in 1896.
Paul Karadordevic, Prince of Yugoslavia, b. 1893,
was educated at the University of Oxford.
The second genealogy of Arseny:
A wife 1891/2 - 1896 of above Arseny Aleksandrovich Karageorgievich / Arseny prince Karageorgievich:
Aurora Pavlovna Demidova di San Donato, b. 15 November 1873, Kiev; her mother Helena Petrovna nee
Troubetzkoy,
b. 1853 and married to Pavel Pavlovich Demidov; her grandfather Peter Nikitich Troubetzkoy born 1826,
her great-grandfather Nikita Petrovich Trubetskoy, b. August 18, 1804;
her great - great-grandfather Peter S. Troubetzkoy b. 1760 died 1817; her great-great - great-grandfather
Sergei Troubetzkoy Nikitich b. 1731 died 1812.
Above mentioned Prince Alexander Karadjordjevic / Alexander I of Yugoslavia (1806 - 1885), Prince of Serbia in
1842 - 1858.
After his father's death in 1817, he was living in Russia and served to the Russian army to 1840.
He left two sons:
Peter I of Yugoslavia (1844-1921), 1903 the king of Serbia, 1918 the King of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes;
and above named Arseny (1859 - 1938); his son, Prince Paul was a regent of Yugoslavia in 1934 - 1941.
Mentioned Aurora Pavlovna, nee Princess Demidov San Donato (b. 1873, Kiev; d. 1904, Turin),
her father Pavel Pavlovich Demidov, Prince of San Donato (1839, Weimar - d.
1885, Pratolino near Florence),
Russian industrialist, 1871-1872 and 1873-1874 Kiev;
the Red Cross during the Turkish war of 1877-1878.
He was son of Pavel Nikolayevich Demidov and Aurora Karamzina.
Baroness Eva Aurora Charlotte Stjernvall / Eva Aurora Charlotta Stjernvall; 1836 the name Demidov, 1846 as
Karamzin; she was born in 1808, Bёrneborg, died 1902, Helsingfors;
the Swedish-Finnish roots, a maid of honor of the imperial court, a large philanthropist.
Her husband was Count Pavel Demidov (1798 - 1840, Mainz), Russian businessman, the owner of the richest
Ural iron foundry (see Koziell-Poklewski family), the actual state councilor, honorary member of the
Imperial Academy of Sciences, philanthropist;
the son of Count Nikolai Nikitich Demidov and Elizabeth Alexandrovna Stroganov.
On the other hand we look at
Emmanuel Karaso, Karassu / Carasso / Emanuel Karasu (Salonica, 1862 - died in Trieste in 1934),
a lawyer of the Sephardic Jewish Carasso family of Salonica / Thessaloniki, Greece;
a member of the Young Turks; a member or a founder, president of the Macedonian Risorta Masonic lodge in
Thessaloniki;
he worked for Jewish organizations in Turkey, and negotiated the treaty ending
the Italo-Turkish War.
And next network in the Balkan kingdom of Montenegro, owned by Volpi,
and the Russian military attache from 1903 to 1915 - N. M. Potapov.
Potapov in 1915 taken the position of Quartermaster General and Deputy Chief of Staff of the Russian Army,
in charge of all army intelligence.
In the summer of 1917, Potapov began Bolshevik,
but he was known since the 1890s.
He help to the transformation of the Tsarist War Ministry into the People's Commissariat for Military Affairs
(see the Bonch-Bruevich brothers, Lenin, and village Zbyszyn close to Miezonka).
He was the first Red Army Chief of Staff; close to A. A. Artuzov
(see Saanen in Switzerland, Lenin, Dzierzynski in Switzerland,
Duflon) - who was a cousin of Potapov.
And at present back again to Montenegro and Serbia, Venetia and Turkey:
"...Parvus's status in Switzerland was secured by his longtime colleague, Adolph Muller, the German Ambassador in
Berne,
and a Munich publisher. According to authors James and Suzanne Pool ...
he had done business with the Nazis since before the putsch. ...
The money that Hitler used to purchase the newspaper came from a White Russian and former Okhrana associate,
Vasili Biskupsky.
... At the close of World War I, Parvus wrote the following profile of the European situation:
'There exist two possibilities only: either the unification of western Europe, or Russia's domination.
The whole game with the buffer states will end in their annexation by Russia, unless they are united with central
Europe in an economic community, which would provide a counter-balance to Russia'.
Under any circumstances, Parvus argued that the era of the nation-state system had ended in Europe...".
Acc. to the article on September 23, 2005, Executive Intelligence Review, ... Parvus
Permanent War Madness, by Jeffrey Steinberg, Allen Douglas, and Rachel Douglas.
This article was based on an exhaustive study by Allen and Rachel Douglas,
'The Roots of the Trust: From Volpe to Volpi, and Beyond - The Venetian Dragomans of the Russian Empire',
and on published and unpublished research by Scott Thompson, Marjorie Mazel Hecht, and Joseph Brewda:
"...a doctrine which the Russian-born British intelligence asset Alexander Helphand, also known as
Parvus, dictated to Leon Trotsky's effort to overthrow Russia's Tsar in the revolution of 1905.
What Helphand dictated to his dupe Trotsky, in writing, personally, there at that time, is a doctrine of
'permanent revolution / permanent war', which Trotsky himself defended up to the moment of his murder by a
Soviet
assassin, in Mexico in 1940.
Alexander Israel Helphand (a.k.a. Parvus). Both (Shabotynsky / Zabotynski) Jabotinsky and Parvus edited
publications of the
British / Venetian-spawned Young Turk movement, which helped ... the overthrow
of the Ottoman Empire.
Like Jabotinsky, Parvus (1867 - 1924) came from (born in Berezyna in 1867) an Odessa family steeped in the grain
trade.
By 1886, Helphand / Parvus had already become involved in the Okhrana-spawned Russian socialist scene,
travelling to Switzerland to participate in the Emancipation of Labor group, led by a number of documented Okhrana
agents, including Lev Deutsch, and suspected Okhrana man Georgi Plekhanov / Plechanow.
... By 1900, Parvus had joined the inner circle of the Bolsheviks, using his Munich, Germany apartment to house the
printing press for the group, and hosting V. I. Lenin and other leaders (see
Brilling, Duflon and Konstantynowicz family, Inessa Armand, Anna Konstantynowicz nee
Armand).
According to several biographical accounts, by 1902, Parvus was receiving direct Okhrana funding through Gorky,
who gave Parvus the rights to publish his works abroad (see Neapol and Capua in my research).
When the entire leadership of the Petersburg Soviet, including Trotsky, was rounded up and jailed in December
1905,
Parvus escaped the police clutches. When he was later captured, he escaped police custody, courtesy of the Okhrana
agent Lev Deutsch. Parvus next turned up, via Germany, in Constantinople, as a 'journalist' covering the Young Turk
rebellion against the Ottomans ...
It would be at this moment that Parvus's ties to the leading European 'Venetian Party' factions would be publicly
shown.
In 1908, the Committee for Union and Progress, otherwise known as the Young Turks, carried out a military coup,
overthrowing the Sultan and seizing power over the Ottoman Empire.
... The actual founder of the Young Turk movement was an Italian Freemason and grain trader named Emmanuel
Carasso.
Jewish by birth, Carasso had been a founder of the Italian Masonic lodge in Salonika, called the Macedonia Risorta
Lodge.
Virtually all of the members of the Young Turk leadership were lodge members. The forerunner of the Macedonia
Risorta
Lodge was founded by a follower of another Palmerston agent and revolutionary provocateur, Giuseppi Mazzini.
... Carasso was a leading financier (see electricity, Duflon, Konstantynowicz, Venetia) of the entire Young Turk
insurrection, and during the Balkan Wars, he was not only the head of Balkan intelligence operations for the Young
Turks;
he was in charge of all food supplies for the Ottoman Empire during World War I, a lucrative business which he
shared
with Parvus (see Berezyna and Odessa).
... Another of Carasso's 'business' associates was Parvus, who became economics editor of another Young Turk
journal,
The Turkish Homeland. Parvus also became a partner of Carasso in the grain trade, and in the arms business, and
became
independently wealthy. ... Carasso was a protege and business partner of Volpi di Misurata, the leading Venetian
banker of the early 20th century, who not only sponsored the Young Turk insurrection, but also promoted the Black
Shirt
takeover of Rome and went on to run the Mussolini Fascist regime ...
The Venetian banker Volpi was closely allied with City of London financiers throughout. And the Young Turks,
once they took power, made no secret of their London ties. In 1909 the Ottoman Navy was put under the command
of a
British admiral; ... banker, Ernst Cassel, established and managed the National Bank of Turkey; and British
officials
advised the Ministry of Finance, the Interior Ministry, and the Ministry of Justice.
... Parvus also got into the tightly controlled arms business, probably under the patronage of Sir Basil Zaharoff
of the Vickers Arms cartel, a prominent Anglo - Venetian enterprise.
Once the Balkan Wars had started, leading directly into World War I, Parvus turned his attention back to Russia,
laying plans to finance a revolution, to be led by Lenin and the Bolsheviks. Parvus set his scheme for revolution
down in a March 9, 1915 memorandum to the German Foreign Ministry, vowing that the Bolsheviks would take
power
in Russia in 1916, and seeking financial support.
...
One of the key backers of the Parvus Plan at the German General Staff was Count Bogdan von
Hutten-Czapski,
the head of the Political Section and a longtime business associate of none other than Young Turks financier,
the Venetian Synarchist Party operative Giuseppi Volpi, the future controller of Mussolini.
According to his own memoirs,
von Hutten-Czapski had seen the outbreak of the Russo-Japanese War as an opportunity
'to smash the Tsarist Empire',
a view shared by Parvus.
... Hugo Stinnes of the German coal syndicate. Stinnes granted Parvus control over the shipping and sale of German
coal to Denmark ... Stinnes, too, was tied to Volpi and the Banca Commerciale Italiana.
In May 1915, Parvus met with Lenin and Karl Radek in Switzerland (see Anna
Konstantynowicz nee Armand), and then created a string of front groups in
Stockholm and Copenhagen.
... By April 1917, Parvus had pushed the German government to grant secret safe-passage to the Bolshevik leaders
back into Russia, and arrangements were soon made, through Parvus and Radek, to smuggle Lenin and 40 other
leading Bolsheviks from Switzerland, through Stockholm, back to Petrograd. Parvus remained in Stockholm,
in constant communication with the International Mission of the Petrograd Bolshevik Central Committee Abroad...".
On the above Synarchist movement, by LYNN PICKNETT & CLIVE PRINCE:
"...This shadowy politico-occult movement is synarchy, which was developed by the
Frenchman Joseph Alexandre Saint-Yves, the Marquis d'Alveydre,
in opposition to the rise of anarchy in the second half of the nineteenth century.
...
The most high-profile late nineteenth-century devotee of Saint-Yves was
the physician Gérard Encausse (Papus), a leading light among French
esoteric societies.
...
Encausse's death in 1916 resulted in a schism in the Martinist Order over
its involvement in politics. The activists, under Victor Blanchard -
head of the secretariat of the Chamber of Deputies of the French Parliament -
formed the breakaway Martinist and Synarchic Order, which established the
Synarchic Central Committee in 1922, designed to pull in promising young civil
servants and younger members of great business families...".
Acc. to 'Cheney Revives Parvus "Permanent War" Madness', by Jeffrey Steinberg, Allen Douglas, and
Rachel Douglas:
"...The German government was deeply split over the issue of backing a Russian Bolshevik revolution.
Close advisors to the German Kaiser argued that Germany should push a separate peace with the Tsar,
while a faction, centered in the General Staff and around Foreign Minister Zimmerman, pushed for a
war-to-the-death with Russia, arguing that war with Russia was inevitable,
and it made sense to get on with it before Russia became more powerful.
One of the key backers of the Parvus Plan at the German General Staff was Count Bogdan von Hutten-Czapski ...
In addition to the German Foreign Ministry and the German General Staff,
Parvus was also given access to an exhaustive amount of funds for his Russian regime change scheme
from a leading German Synarchist industrialist and close associate of Hjalmar Schacht
(later Hitler's Economics Minister), Hugo Stinnes of the German coal syndicate.
Stinnes granted Parvus control over the shipping and sale of German coal to Denmark, from which Parvus
made millions of gold marks per month...".
A.